holocaust 8 stages
DESCRIPTION
Holocaust 8 StagesTRANSCRIPT
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Tuesday 4/3
• Objective: To better understand the 8 stages of genocide through the example of the Holocaust.
• Bell Work: Take out your vocabulary sheets for me to check and for us to go over.
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Holocaust background
• The Holocaust did not just involve persecuting the Jewish people of Europe
• 12 million people were killed during Its duration
• The Nazi Holocaust also targeted:– Political Opponents, Communists, the Mentally
and Physically Disabled, Jews, Slavs, Gypsies, and Many Other Groups
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Identify the target-Political Opposition
• The First Victims of the Holocaust Were Those Who Opposed/or Could Oppose the Nazi Party– Political Opponents– Church Officials
• Why?– Remove Those Opposed to the
Ideas/Plans of the Nazi Party and Could Hinder or Inhibit the Nazi Vision of Germany from happening
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Identify the target- Mentally & Physically Disabled
• A second group the Nazis targeted were those with mental/physical disabilities
• To rid the Aryan race of these people, the Nazis tried the following…– 1930’s
• Isolated children by sending them to “Care Facilities”
– 1939 • Experimentation in Genocide where Nazis perfected
methods of Genocide
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sity • Another group targeted, and the group
most identify with the Holocaust were the Jews
• Nazis ban Jews from military.
• Nuremberg race laws against Jews decreed.
Identify the target- Jews
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2. SymbolizationWhen combined with hatred, symbols
may be forced upon unwilling members
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Symbolization
• Arm Bands:– Worn over sleeve of jacket
• Yellow Star:– Had to be worn on clothes
• Tattoos– In camps, Jews were identified with
numbers tattooed on their arm
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3. Dehumanization
One group denies the humanity of the other group. Members of it are equated with animals, vermin, insects or diseases.
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4. Organization• Genocide is always organized...
Special army units or militias are often trained and armed– Gestapo: secret police– SS: militia branch of the Nazi Party,
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Gestapo & SS
• Gestapo– 1933 created– Directed by Himmler in
1934– Sought to get rid of
Nazi opposition– 1935 established
concentration camps for incarcerated
– 1939 followed army as death squad to kill Jews
• SS– Had to prove Aryan
ancestry of 150 yrs; 5’11 or taller; good physical condition
– Under Himmler 1929-1945 grew from crowd control to most powerful militia group in Ger.
– Ran concentration camps/death camps
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5. Polarization• Hate groups broadcast polarizing
propaganda• New laws that promote segregation
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Nuremburg Laws
• Laws instituted September 19351. Excluded Jews from Reich citizenship
2. Prohibited Jews from marrying anyone of German decent
3. Identified Jews as anyone with Jewish grandparents
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6. Preparation
• Victims are identified and separated out because of their ethnic or religious identity
Life in the Ghettos
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Ghettos
• Jewish Ghettos were established by the Nazis a. Mostly in Eastern Europe, namely
Poland
b. Neighborhoods where only Jews could live; poor areas; supervised/guarded with limited resources
c. Overcrowded; epidemics and starvation
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Why Ghettos?
• Separate the Jewish population from the non-Jews– Built walls and had guards around
ghettos
– No one could come in or out
• Dehumanize the Jews– Take away human rights and sense of a
normal life: curfews, job restrictions, access to food
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Life Goes On
• Not knowing what was to become of them, Jewish people continued to try and live a “normal” life– Tended to the sick, elderly, and very
young
– Taught the children history, literature, etc– Tried to preserve their faith through
prayer services
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Dachau
• First Concentration Camp
• Opened 1933• Housed Mainly
Political Prisoners• Dachau Served as
the Model for Concentration Camp Organization
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7. Extermination
• It is "extermination" to the killers because they do not believe their victims to be fully human.
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Concentration vs. Death Camps
• Labor in Camps Helped the War Effort
• Nazis Had Work Narrowed Down to a Science– Knew How Long
an Individual Could Work Before Body Breakdown
• Death Camps• Young Men, Old
Men, & Women• Those Who Could
Not Work• “Showers” of
Zyklon -B• Crematories
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The Final Solution• Ghettos were NOT permanent
settlements for Jews– “holding station”
• 1942, Jews in ghettos began to be “resettled”– Others quickly discovered this meant
being transferred to a death camp or immediately to death
– Some strong Jews moved to labor camps for a while before being exterminated
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sity • “The Fuhrer has ordered the Final
Solution of the Jewish question. We, the SS, have to carry out this order…”– The Final Solution was to kill the
Jews
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8. Denial• The perpetrators deny that they
committed any crimes – The Nuremberg Trials
• Nazi officials put on trial for their wrong-doings
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The Aftermath of the Holocaust
• Could This Happen Again?– Bosnia, Kosovo, Rwanda, Sudan …
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Poemtake out a piece of paper
First they came for the JewsAnd I did not speak out—Because I was not a Jew.
Then they came for the communists
And I did not speak out—Because I was not a communist.
Then they came for the trade unionists
And I did not speak out—Because I was not a trade
unionist.
Then they came for me—And there was no one left To speak out for me.
~Pastor Niemoeller
1. What is the main idea and meaning of the poem?
2. Why do you think some people in the area do not fight against a genocide that is going on around them?