Home NetworkingHome Networking

prepared for

FCCTechnical Advisory Committee

18 September 200218 September 2002

Broadband Way(Yesterday vs. Tomorrow)

• 1 cable modem/3 mo• 568 user network• 2400 Bps connectivity• $18,000 per unit• Data only• Luxury feature

• 1 cable modem/0.1 sec

• 100 million users• 100,000,000 bps• Less than $10 per unit• Video, data, voice• Key element of life

1988 2010

In North America, installing a cable modem every 8 seconds and a DSL modem every

16 seconds

Home NetworkingThree Dimensions

Applicatio

ns

IndustryEfforts

Network Technologie

s

Network Technologies• Connections

– Wired vs. wireless• Power line, phone line, dedicated line, wireless

– Synchronous, asynchronous

• Carry IP and MPEG• Some do it “better” than others

– Faster throughput, Lower latency– Native QoS– More reliable– Easier to install– RF / electrical integrity– Wireless spectrum issues

Technology– IEEE 802.3– IEEE 802.11– HomePlug™– HomeRF™– HomePNA™– Bluetooth™– IEEE 1394– UWB – Etc.

Applications and the Marketplace will shake this out

Applications

IndustryEfforts

Network Technologi

es

Technology Survey

Other considerations: Native QoS ? Security ?

peak distanceBW (Mbps) limit (m)

IEEE 1394a 400 5UWB 100 - 500 10IEEE 802.11a 54 50HomeRF™ 2.0 20 50HomePlug™ 1.0 14 300IEEE 802.11b 11 100HomePNA™ 2.0 10 30010Base-T 10 100Bluetooth™ 1 10

What kind of home networking technology and equipment is installed in your home?

10Base-T (95.4%)

802.11b (0.9%)

HPNA (0.5%)

HomePlug (0.4%)

Home RF (0.3%)

Other (1.0%)

Not sure (1.5%)

Home NetworkTechnology in the Field

(n=778)

© Parks Associates 2001

Length of Time Networked

How long have your computers been networked?

5+ years (10%)

3 - 5 years (10%)

2 - 3 years (19%)

1 - 2 years (26%)

0.5 - 1 years (18%)

< 0.5 year (17%)

(n=778)

© Parks Associates 2001

Focus on PCs for now, not Multimedia (yet)

Over 60% in just the last 2 years

Applications

• Video Streaming (500 kbps – 5 Mbps)• Telemetry (up to 300 kbps)• Web Surfing/E-mail (up to 200 kbps)• Streaming (up to 200 kbps)• Fast-twitch games (up to 128 kbps)• Voice (up to 128 kbps)• Meter reading (bps)• Toggling a light switch (bps)

New stuff every day, and higher bandwidth

Applications– web– email– calendar– games– audio– video– voice– home

automation– home security

Applications

IndustryEfforts

Network Technologi

es

Bandwidth Needs• Yesterday

– low bandwidth• E.g., designed for 56 kbps dialup

– Symmetric: email (no attachments)– Asymmetric: web browsing

• Today– High bandwidth, moving toward symmetry– but mainly store and forward

• digital images• Peer-to-peer

• Tomorrow– Real-time streaming (controlled latency and jitter)– Prioritized

Gross Traffic is Nearly Symmetric• Average up/downstream data flow symmetry

is 1.4– Data flow has been fairly stable since September

2001

Symmetry

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

May-01 Jun-01 Jul-01 Aug-01 Sep-01

Symmetry

• Average individual user symmetry (independent of volume) is 4:1• 30% of users have more upstream than downstream use• Symmetry tends to increase as use increases Data flow symmetry is skewed by big users

More on Symmetry and Traffic• Traffic breakdown of a major ISP

– Backbone traffic = 26 Gbps– 17 Gbps into homes, 9 Gbps out of homes

• Symmetry = 1 : 1.8– 34% peer-to-peer– 27% web– 18% net news

– 21% other

– 50% of sub’s use only 5% of the bandwidth– Other 50% of sub’s use 95% of the

bandwidthNationwide footprint – August 2002

Industry Efforts

• Ad Hoc Network– Consumer runs the home network

• Finds their own services

• Managed Network– Network– Services– Network + Services

Efforts– Zeroconf– UPnP™– OSGi™– CableHome™– ITU SG 9– CEA R7.3

(VHN)– HAVi– BlueTooth™– Jini™

Differing Semantics, Consumer Choice

Applications

IndustryEfforts

Network Technologi

es

Group Details• ZeroConf

– no centralized configuration, management, or administration

• UPnP™– IP and A/V services, on the home network

• OSGi™– offering services over any IP network

• CableHome™– IP and A/V, home network and access network services

• BlueTooth™– IP home network services using BlueTooth wireless

• VHN– CEA standards committee R7.4. Adopted UPnP + extensions

• HAVi– audio/video home network services using IEEE1394

• Jini™– Requires adopting JAVA as the implementation language

Compare/contrast

• ITU Study Group 9– ITU J.191 (Draft)

• Managed networking • Basic Residential Gateway (centralized data

store)– DHCP, DNS, NAT, Firewall, etc.

• IETF Zero Configuration Working Group– ad hoc networking – No centralized servers or data stores

Access Network+

service provider+

Internet

X.10

analog

10B-T

ITU J.191 Network - enabling services

DHCP, DNS, NAT, Firewall, etc. configured by service provider

1394

Power line

Phone line

10B-T

ZeroConf Network - enabling IP networks

1394

Power line

Phone line

Internet

Simple Ethernet switch configured by user

Home Networking Summary

• Choice aboundsApplications

IndustryEfforts

Network Technologi

es

Industry Efforts– Zeroconf– UPnP™– OSGi™– CableHome™– ITU SG 9– CEA R7.3

(VHN)– HAVi– BlueTooth™– Jini™– Etc.

Technology– IEEE 802.3– IEEE 802.11– HomePlug™– HomeRF™– HomePNA™– Bluetooth™– IEEE 1394– UWB– Etc.

But what is easy to do and adds value ?

Applications– web– email– calendar– gaming– audio– video– voice– home

automation– home security– Etc.