honors biology - water
TRANSCRIPT
WATER
WATER AND THE FITNESS OF THE ENVIRONMENT
OUTLINE
Polar Molecule and Hydrogen Bonds
Properties of Water
Acid and Base
H BONDS
FORMATION OF HYDROGEN BONDS
ALL ABOUT WATER
1. COHESIVE BEHAVIOR
Surface Tension
2. MODERATION OF TEMPERATURE
HIGH SPECIFIC HEAT
Water = 1 cal/g/ºC
Related to bonding:
• Heat is absorbed when hydrogen bonds break
• Heat is released when hydrogen bonds form
High specific heat of water minimizes temperature fluctuations.
HIGH HEAT OF VAPORIZATION
Heat a liquid must absorb for 1 g to be converted to gas.
Evaporative cooling.
3. EXPANSION WHEN FROZEN
ICE FLOATS
4. SOLVENT OF LIFE
Terms you should know!
•Solution•Solvent•Solute
Water dissolves ionic…
…and nonionic polar compounds.
HYDROPHOBIC
Scared
HYDROPHILIC
Loving
ACIDS AND BASES
POSSIBLE SHIFTS
Changes in concentrations can drastically affect the chemistry of a cell
(H+ Ions - Hydrogen)
ACID
A substance that increases the H+ concentration of a solution.
pH values less than 7
[H+] > [OH-]
BASE
A substance that reduces the H+ concentration of a solution.
pH values greater than 7
[H+] < [OH-]
BUFFERS
Minimize changes in concentrations of H+ and OH- in a solution.
IN THE ENVIRONMENT