Host Mobility for IP Host Mobility for IP NetworksNetworks

CSCI 6704 Group PresentationCSCI 6704 Group Presentation

presented bypresented by

Ye Liang, ChongZhi Wang, XueHai WangYe Liang, ChongZhi Wang, XueHai Wang

March 13, 2004March 13, 2004

Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

MotivationMotivation

Host Mobility SolutionsHost Mobility Solutions

- Mobile IP - Mobile IP

- Host Identity Protocol (HIP) - Host Identity Protocol (HIP)

- Migrate- Migrate

ComparisonComparison

MotivationMotivation

Mobile IP was perceived to contain many shortcomings.Mobile IP was perceived to contain many shortcomings.

A wide variety of mobility management mechanisms have been proposed.A wide variety of mobility management mechanisms have been proposed.

Future for MIP mobility management is not clear. Future for MIP mobility management is not clear.

Don’t worry, people are working on it.Don’t worry, people are working on it.

Mobility ManagementMobility Management

Sits on both the end mobile hosts and the Sits on both the end mobile hosts and the network.network.

Requirements: Location-independent identifier, Requirements: Location-independent identifier, Compatibility with IP routing, Location Compatibility with IP routing, Location Management, Transparent, and Security.Management, Transparent, and Security.

Available Solutions: Transport, Application, Available Solutions: Transport, Application, Session mobility, Personal mobility, Service Session mobility, Personal mobility, Service mobility, etc.mobility, etc.

Mobile IP – Triangle Routing Mobile IP – Triangle Routing

Download site

Mobile host

Home Agent

Home network Foreign Agent

Foreign

network

129.173.66.0

192.168.102.0

129.173.66.103 uses

192.168.102.100 as its COA

register

Tunneling

Mobile IP – Route OptimizationMobile IP – Route Optimization

Download site

Mobile host

Home Agent

Home network

Foreign Agent

Foreign

network

129.173.66.0

192.168.102.0

129.173.66.103 uses

192.168.102.100 as its COA

register

Return Routability

CheckBinding update

MIP Extension - MicromobilityMIP Extension - Micromobility

B1

Home agent does not have Home agent does not have to be aware of every handoff to be aware of every handoff the mobile node performsthe mobile node performs..

The visited network takes The visited network takes care of the local mobilitycare of the local mobility using a Domain Foreign using a Domain Foreign Agent (DFA)Agent (DFA)

Protocols: HMIP, RAFA, Protocols: HMIP, RAFA, Cellular IP, Hawaii IP, and Cellular IP, Hawaii IP, and Hierarchical Mobile IP.Hierarchical Mobile IP.

B3B2

Mobile Device

Foreign Network

DFA

Internet

Problems with TCP/IPProblems with TCP/IP

Dual roles of IP addresses makes things complex

Bad for Mobility and multihoming

• Location Identifiers

• Host Identifiers

Architecture of Host Identity Protocol Architecture of Host Identity Protocol (HIP)(HIP)

A new layer – a new name space for host identifiers

Sockets are bound to Host Identifies, not IP addresses

Kernel translation between Host identifies and IP address

------Proposed by Robert Moscowitz to the IETF in 2001-------

HIP Cont. – Change the architectureHIP Cont. – Change the architecture

Separate locators from host identifiers

IP addresses still act as location identifiers

A new cryptography-based name space for host identifier

OperationOperationss of HIP of HIP

MigrateMigrate

B. Awerbuch and D. Peled proposed a way to use B. Awerbuch and D. Peled proposed a way to use a hierarchical directory service to support a hierarchical directory service to support location management.location management.

Snoeren and Balakirshnan proposed this end-to-Snoeren and Balakirshnan proposed this end-to-end Mobility Management.end Mobility Management.

Migrate Cont.Migrate Cont.

Hostname, rather than IP address, is used as the Hostname, rather than IP address, is used as the invariant nameinvariant name

But some transport protocols (i.e TCP) use IP But some transport protocols (i.e TCP) use IP addresses as part of its connection identifier, addresses as part of its connection identifier, making migration difficult.making migration difficult.

Migrate Cont. – session controlMigrate Cont. – session control

i.e TCP connection migrationi.e TCP connection migration

Two TCP segments (SYN and ACK) are used to Two TCP segments (SYN and ACK) are used to handle this situation.handle this situation.

IPsec or optional Diffie-Hellman key exchange is IPsec or optional Diffie-Hellman key exchange is used to secure the network.used to secure the network.

MIP, HIP, Migrate ComparisonMIP, HIP, Migrate Comparison

Performance. e.g. Performance. e.g. per-session packet per-session packet overhead and latencyoverhead and latency

Security.Security.

Deployment.Deployment.

Scalability.Scalability.

Robustness.Robustness.

Mobile IP -StrengthsMobile IP -Strengths

Does not require bilateral deployment of host Does not require bilateral deployment of host modificationsmodifications

Can support mobile subnetworks of nodes that d Can support mobile subnetworks of nodes that d not change addresses dynamicallynot change addresses dynamically

Support simultaneous mobility of both Support simultaneous mobility of both communicating nodes.communicating nodes.

Micromobility supportMicromobility support

Longer history of researchLonger history of research

Mobile IP - WeaknessesMobile IP - Weaknesses

Tunneling and routing headers lead to additional Tunneling and routing headers lead to additional per-packet overheadsper-packet overheads

Operation with multiple addressing realmsOperation with multiple addressing realms

Tunneling can conflict with firewall and IPsec Tunneling can conflict with firewall and IPsec security policiessecurity policies

Security issues are more complicated by third Security issues are more complicated by third party agents.party agents.

HIP - StrengthsHIP - Strengths

Better path selectionBetter path selection

No per packet overhead beyond that of IpsecNo per packet overhead beyond that of Ipsec

Natural operation with multiple addressing realmsNatural operation with multiple addressing realms

Integrated with IP security protocolsIntegrated with IP security protocols

More natural solution to multihomingMore natural solution to multihoming

HIP – WeaknessesHIP – Weaknesses

Short of history and experiences.Short of history and experiences.

Deployment barriers. (IPsec deployment)Deployment barriers. (IPsec deployment)

Lack of micromobility, mobile router, Lack of micromobility, mobile router,

simultaneous node movement capabilitiessimultaneous node movement capabilities

Overhead for short transactions. (Hand shack)Overhead for short transactions. (Hand shack)

Migrate – StrengthMigrate – Strength

Better path selectionBetter path selection

Easier integration with NATs and firewallsEasier integration with NATs and firewalls

No tunneling overheadNo tunneling overhead

Does not require additional network Does not require additional network infrastructure.infrastructure.

Migrate - WeaknessesMigrate - Weaknesses

Changes of TCP implementation at both Changes of TCP implementation at both endsends

DNS scalabilityDNS scalability

TCP-centricTCP-centric

ConclusionConclusion

Mobile IP is much more developed and Mobile IP is much more developed and implemented.implemented.

Mobile IP support micromobility and Mobile IP support micromobility and mobile subnetsmobile subnets

If IPv6 is widespread, then MIPv6 is hard to If IPv6 is widespread, then MIPv6 is hard to beat.beat.

Questions?Questions?