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HOUSING SYSTEM INDICATOR TOOL

HOUSING AND HOMELESSNESS RESOURCE CENTRE

Prepared by:

Housing Services Corporation

This is the second series of resource tools to guide the development and reporting on indicators for the Ten Year

Housing & Homelessness Plans

WORKING DRAFT

(updated April 2013)

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HOUSING AND HOMELESSNESS RESOURCE CENTRE (HHRC)

The Housing and Homelessness Resource Centre is a partnership between the Ontario Municipal Social Services Association (OMSSA), the Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing

(MMAH) and the Housing Services Corporation (HSC), the Northern Ontario Service Deliverers Association (NOSDA), the Association of Municipalities of Ontario (AMO), and the City of Toronto.

The Housing and Homelessness Resource Centre provides, on an as needed basis, the tools, training, and other resources necessary to undertake the full range of planning

activities required to successfully develop and complete a local Housing and Homelessness Plan.

In partnership OMSSA and the HSC are developing analytical tools and providing customised support to Service Managers that require assistance with data and consultation related

to their Housing and Homelessness Plans.

ONTARIO MUNICIPAL SOCIAL SERVICES ASSOCIATION (OMSSA)

The Ontario Municipal Social Services Association (OMSSA) is a non-profit organization working on behalf of Ontario's 47 municipal service system managers, known as Consolidated Municipal

Service Managers (CMSMs) and District Social Services Administration Boards (DSSABs). CMSMs and DSSABs are responsible for the management, planning, delivery and funding of human

services including early learning and child care, employment and income supports, and housing and homelessness programs.

Through OMSSA, CMSMs and DSSABs promote progressive human services in Ontario. In our policy work with municipal and provincial partners and through our training programs and events,

we are committed to ensuring our members have the tools and resources they need to deliver human services that meet the needs of people in the communities where they live.

www.omssa.com

HOUSING SERVICES CORPORATION (HSC)

The Housing Services Corporation (HSC) is a non-profit organization that delivers province-wide programs that benefit Ontario’s affordable housing sector. It assists Service Managers, including

DSSABs, by:

• Helping protect the building asset through programs and services that support better capital asset and energy management

• Delivering business value through economies of scale with competitively procured province-wide programs in bulk purchasing, insurance and investments

• Building and spreading knowledge that supports effective decision-making with relevant research, training and by facilitating collaborative best practice sharing

• Enabling greater resident engagement and self-sufficiency by developing partnerships for social innovation with other organizations and networks. HSC was created in January 2012 under the Housing Services Act. HSC, as successor to the Social Housing Services Corporation (SHSC), builds on that organization’s 9 years of experience in delivering programs to social housing and working with different levels of government, the public and the private sector.

www.hscorp.ca

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Contents

GENERAL HOUSING AND RELATED DOMAINS ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1

................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 BASIC TENURE AND BUILT FORM

....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 HOUSING MARKET

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 HOUSING PRODUCTION

................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 HOUSING DEMOLITION

........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 HOUSING CONDITION AND QUALITY

..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 SUBSIDIES

................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY

......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 HOUSING STRESS

........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 HOUSING AFFORDAIBILITY

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 211 CALLS FOR SERVICE

........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8 INCOME

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9 EMPLOYMENT

.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 10 EVICTIONS

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 10 SETTLEMENT SERVICES

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 LEGAL CLINICS

HOUSING SYSTEM ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 12

......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 HOMELESSNESS

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 14 EMEREGENCY SHELTER

........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 TRANSITIONAL HOUSING

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 18 SUPPORTIVE HOUSING

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....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 SOCIAL HOUSING

.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22 PRIVATE MARKET RENTAL

..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 25 HOMEOWNERSHIP

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CONTEXT:

Arising out of the feedback from the Housing and Homelessness Forums, outreach with Service Managers/DSSABs and input from regional sessions- an indicator tool has been developed by the

Housing and Homelessness Resource Centre as a resource to assist Service Managers/DSSABs to assess, collect and establish metrics for their 10 year Housing and Homelessness Plans; and to

trigger the thought process for long-term tracking and monitoring, and measurement reporting. To understand the relative impact of local plans and related general trends about the housing

system, empirical data will be required. The underlying premise is to provide an indicator tool to help service managers develop a more robust housing indicator framework/system that

works for their service area that builds further into monitoring outcomes and developing measures in their plan. The tool also enables thinking ahead about the types of data that can

be collected and reported when updating their plan in the future. The HHRC will continue to build on this indicator tool as SMs develop and share their indicators and outcome

measures for their plans.

The tool highlights relevant indicators and provides guidance on how to demonstrate the housing system in your service area and to determine what data and information can be collected on a

routine basis to demonstrate progress. The indicator tool also presents an opportunity for SM to think about modifications to current data collection practices if necessary, to ensure information

gathered is relevant data that can provide evidence that supports the nature of the housing environment and reporting of housing outcomes. Increasing and improving data collection processes

will provide a more accurate picture of progress made. This will facilitate continuous improvements to the plan development and monitoring process as well as set out an evaluation framework for

future programs and initiatives.

The indicators can serve a number of functions:

• A tool to determine how SMs are faring-and assist in the identification of issues that are in greatest need, setting priorities and objectives

• Inform service-planning and evidence-based policy development within and between municipal divisions

• A tool to monitor progress and performance interventions over time

• Provide supporting metrics to demonstrate change, progress and areas that require improvement

• Provide a framework to track and communicate success and best practices

• Support decision-making specific to the housing system

• Demonstrate pressure points in the system that will enable the development of strategies to respond

• Keep the broader community informed about housing and homelessness issues

• Assist in creating a report card to demonstrate trends, outcomes, and measures of success

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USING THE INDICATOR TOOL:

The Housing System Indicator Tool provides a compilation and range of indicators that reflects various aspects of the housing continuum. Given the uniqueness of each Service Manager area, the

indicators are general with broad definitions that enable for them to be tweaked and changed where needed. While the tool does not include an inclusive list of indicators, it provides a

MENU for a foundational set of indicators that can be used to start thinking about data collection strategies to: 1) assess current and further housing needs within the service manager

areas, 2) address objectives and targets relating to housing needs, 3) development of appropriate indicators and measures, and 4) to guide the thought process for establishing

housing targets. The indicators can also be used to inform policy development and reform on an ongoing basis.

This indicator tool and/or content in this document is not prescribed. It is not required for Service Managers to collect, analyze and report on any of the indicators listed in this tool.

Each Service Manager will need to make its own decision about what type of data and indicators they want to use and have priority, find out what data exists locally to report on, and

determine what is feasible.

Tips for selecting indicators:

• Prioritize what you want to report on and select few indicators that can be effectively measured: KEEP IT SIMPLE

• Indicators should be plausible, in that it make sense to a wide variety of audiences

• DOABLE (within the resources and capacities of the SM and stakeholders)

• Assessable- select indicators that can align with measurable objectives and that can assess impact

• It is not necessary to collect heaps of data

• While indicators can provide counting- think about meaning

• Indicators to support broader trends, short-term and long-term outcomes

The indicators are organized under several headings but indicators may speak to more than one area or domain:

General Housing and Related Domains: - these are more general indicators that reveal key trends about a community’s housing system. Some of these domains have sub-categories.

• Basic Tenure and Built Form

• Housing Market

• Housing Production

• Housing Condition/Quality

• Housing Demolition

• Housing Stress

• Residential Mobility

• Housing Affordability

• Subsidies

• 211 Calls for Service

• Settlement Services

• Legal Clinics

• Income

• Employment

• Eviction

Housing System- these are community and local indicators that describe and relate to the various components of the housing system.

• Homelessness (street counts, streets to home

program, criminal justice system)

• Emergency Shelter

• Supportive Housing

• Social Housing (including Waiting list)

• Private Market Rental

• Homeownership

The indicators also list a variety information sources. Some information can be extracted from standard sources as the census or CMHC sources. Other types of indicators data may be available at

the local municipal level (administrative data) or through other sources (funders, providers, agencies, institutions).

The type of indicator is also noted: descriptive, process, efficiency, and effectiveness. Descriptive indicator show the development of a variable but may not be connected with a concrete policy

target. Process indicators are typical of operational characteristics or the output of a process (i.e., number of applicants in a program etc.). Efficiency and Effectiveness Indicator are types of

impact/outcome indicators.

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Domain Indicators Type of

Indicator Sources Comments

GENERAL HOUSING AND RELATED DOMAINS

BASIC TENURE AND

BUILT FORM

# Houses- Rented Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census

This forms a 4X4 matrix of basic tenure and form. # Houses- Owned Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census

# Apartments- rented Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census

# Apartments- owned Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census

HOUSING MARKET

# of Owning/Renting by income Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census (analysis

based on census data). 2011 NHS

data when available. Special Census

data can be ordered

These are general housing related indicators that

provide a profile and describes the composition and

state of a SM/DSSABs housing market based on trends

and changes over time.

# of owners/renters by age Descriptive

# of owners/renters by family type Descriptive

# of dwellings by structural type

(semi, single, row, apt etc.) Descriptive Census, Planning Departments

# of seasonal and vacation home

supply Descriptive Local Planning or Realtor sources

HOUSING PRODUCTION

# of ownership and rental housing

starts Descriptive CMHC custom data

The indicators linked to housing production

demonstrate change in housing tenure and form

which contribute social, economic and demographic

changes in communities.

The number of housing starts, secondary plan

approvals, and housing permits provides an indicator

of the trend in supply of new ownership and rental

dwellings. Housing starts are key to increasing the

supply of housing across a SM/DSSAB area. A diversity

of dwelling types and an increase in supply improves

# of Housing starts by intended

market (freehold, condominium,

rental)

Descriptive CMHC custom data

# of housing starts by dwelling

type (single, semi-detached, row,

apartment)

Descriptive CMHC custom data

# of new secondary plan approvals Descriptive Local municipal planning or building

department

# of registered units Descriptive Local municipal planning or building

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HOUSING PRODUCTION department housing choice and affordability for owners and

renters alike.

# of housing permits issued by year Descriptive

Local municipal planning or building

department

HOUSING DEMOLITION

# of houses demolished Descriptive Local municipal building department

Statistics Canada (collected regularly

from municipalities)

Allows calculating net change (e.g., many new houses

and apartments are not new). Data can be ordered.

Does not identify tenure nor 1-for-1 replacement

houses.

# of apartments demolished Descriptive

# of applications to demolish rental

units Descriptive

Local municipal planning/

development department

This indicator describes losses to the existing,

purpose-built rental stock that may result due to

demolition and redevelopment of rental housing sites,

and conversion to condominium.

# of applications to convert to

condominium Descriptive

HOUSING CONDITION

AND QUALITY

Condition of Housing

# of dwellings owned, rented that

require regular maintenance,

minor, and major repairs

Descriptive CMHC (data online)- Major repair.;

Statistics Canada, Census series

Self-rated by residents. Undercounting of rented

rooms and second suites. Provides an indication of

state of the housing in a SM area, and the viability and

sustainability of the housing stock over time.

# of property standards infractions

Facility Condition Index Efficiency

Property Standards inspections

(Municipalities)

RRAP/IAH application data

Given no one reliable indicator, the viable approach is

to have more than one partial indicator.

Condition of Social Housing

# or % of providers with up to date

BCAs Efficiency

Building Condition Audits, Energy

Audits, Asset Planner

This is an important indicator that provides a rating for

the condition of social housing projects- review of the

major capital components of projects to determine the

general condition, quality and where

replacements/repair are needed. BCA’s are critical to

project viability, especially in light of Social Housing

End Dates. It can also demonstrate the processes in

places to preserve existing affordable rental housing

and asset management practices undertaken.

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# or % of providers with

preventative maintenance plans Efficiency

Housing Provider, SM administrative

data (local level availability)

This is an indicator that infers purposeful action taken

towards ongoing maintenance and improvement.

SUBSIDIES

Renovation Subsidies

# Rental and rooming house (units) Descriptive/

Effectiveness Administrative Data (SM)

SMs/DSSABs may have similar programs. These could

be used as descriptive or effectiveness indicators to

demonstrate program effectiveness.

# Senior modified (units) Descriptive/Eff

ectiveness Administrative Data (SM)

# Homeowner modified (units) Descriptive/Eff

ectiveness Administrative Data (SM)

Subsidies in Market Rent

#(household count, rent

supplement)

Descriptive/


These are indicators of rental subsidies in place to

reduce financial burden on low income households to

afford rent. While it can demonstrate demand it is also

a program/initiative effective measure to illustrate

housing stability or instability as a result.

#(household count), portable

allowances

Descriptive/


RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY

# of households by tenure that

have moved in past 1 yr or past 5

yrs

Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census. Available

only every 5 years.

An important dimension of community and

geographic change.

Land Transfer Tax exemption

(property counts) Descriptive

Local municipal planning or building

department

An important indicator of neighbourhood turnover to

moderate-income first-time buyers.

# or % Recent (0-10 year)

immigrants Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census.

These 2 are main categories regarding trends for

‘recent’ immigrants. # or % Semi-recent (10-20 year)

immigrants Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census.

HOUSING STRESS

Cost of Utilities

# of households by income source

assisted with utilities arrears

Process/

Effectiveness

Utilities Arrears Program or similar

program- Administrative data Indicator will demonstrate the number of low income

households that accessed help for heat and hydro

(including water) arrears through the SM. Total # utilities cost issued through

the SM program Process

Utilities Arrears Program or similar

program- Administrative data

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HOUSING STRESS

Food Insecurity

# of households accessing SM area

food banks in March by year

Descriptive/

Process Hunger Count Survey is completed

each year in the month of March and

provides information about a typical

month for access to food banks and

allows for comparison year to year.

Custom requests for Hunger Count

by Region- Food Banks Canada

(Ontario Association of Food Banks)

This indicator describes the number and characteristics

of people who use food relief programs.

It provides a measure of how many people do not

have enough income to meet basic needs of food and

shelter. It also provides a measure of the vulnerability

of low-income households to provide for the basic

necessities of life. Food bank use refers to the number

of people accessing food banks.

Food bank users:

# people, # adults, # adults and

children, # of mètis first nations, #

children, # total households)

Descriptive

# of Single Parents

# of Single People

Descriptive

Rent Bank Users

# of eligible rent bank applicants

(changes in the number of rent

bank loans)

Effectiveness/

Process

MMAH Data Request, Rent Bank

Statistics The Rent bank is a government program that provides

interest-free loans and grants to help tenants avoid

eviction. The number of assisted households indicates

housing stress in the rental market and a household’s

ability to pay shelter costs.

# of eligible rent bank applicants

served or number of households

assisted/supported through the

rent bank

Descriptive/

Process

MMAH Data Request, Rent Bank

Statistics

Emergency Rent and Energy Assistance Fund usage

# of emergency rent applicants

# of emergency rent households

assisted

Effectiveness/

Process

MMAH Data Request, Energy

Assistance Program; SM

administrative data

These are indicators that demonstrate the number of

households requiring financial assistance for rental

arrears and energy-related emergencies.

Energy Arrears: covers eligible energy arrears, and the

security deposit and reconnection feeds related to

natural gas, oil and other forms of energy

Rental Arrears: covers eligible costs to a maximum of

two months of rental arrears.

# of energy assistance households

assisted

Effectiveness/

Process

MCSS Data Request, Energy


administrative data

# of energy assistance applicants Effectiveness/

Process

MCSS Data Request, Energy


administrative data

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HOUSING STRESS

Social Assistance

OW Average Monthly Caseload per

year (#) Descriptive

MCSS, Statistics and Analysis Unit,

Municipal administrative data

These indicators demonstrate change in social

assistance caseload and by household type over time.

Ontario Work Cases Paying Market Rent in Excess of

the Shelter Benefit:

This indicator describes the number of cases

(individuals or families) in receipt of Ontario Works

(social assistance) who are paying a disproportionate

amount of their total benefit on rent.

These indicators also relate to causes of

homelessness- pertaining to economic insecurity.

# of individuals on social assistance

(by time period comparisons)

Descriptive/

Process



# of individuals that submitted

applications for social assistance

(by time period)

Descriptive/

Process



Average length of time of

households receiving social

assistance

Efficiency MCSS, Statistics and Analysis Unit,


Monthly Shelter allowance (for a

single person on OW- Basic Income

Assistance)

Descriptive



Ontario works caseload trends by

benefit type by average rent paid, #

in excess, % in excess and average

in excess:

# of singles no children

# of couples no children

# of single with children

# of couples with children

# of beneficiaries receiving regular

employment insurance benefits

Descriptive,

Process,

Effectiveness



# of individuals that received social

assistance for less than 12 months Effectiveness Municipal administrative data

This indicator describes the number of cases in receipt

of Ontario Works who received the intervention

support and were successfully able to transition into

independently supporting themselves. This could infer

labour market and housing stability.

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HOUSING

AFFORDAIBILITY

Shelter/Income Ratios (Core Need

Indicator) Descriptive

CMHC (data online). Every 5 years,

from census data. Many SM areas

will match geographic boundaries

used. Captures >30% shelter-to-

income ratio (i.e., half of renters, most

new buyers) but not >40%, >50%

STIR is an indicator of housing affordability and the

degree to which housing costs affect a household’s

ability to obtain other necessities such as food and

clothing.

This shelter cost to income ratio represents the

percent of income a household spends on shelter in a

given period. The ratio is calculated by dividing a

household’s before-tax annual expenditure on

housing by annual income.

# Incidence of renters in core

housing need

# Incidence of owners in core

housing need

# or % of aboriginal, lone parent,

recent immigrant, single person

households in core housing need

Descriptive CMHC Housing in Canada, Online

Database

Core housing need is a measure of the number of

households that are inadequately housed based on

affordability, physical condition of the dwelling and

size relative to the number of occupants. Households

in ‘core housing need’ are unable to afford shelter that

meets adequacy, suitability and affordability norms.

Affordability is recognized as a maximum of 30% of

the household income spent on shelter Core housing

need is not available for small areas.

# of owner households spending

30% of more of their income on

shelter (by income deciles)

Effectiveness/

Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census Series

This indicator describes the percentage of households

spending 30% or more of their income on shelter.

The indicator is a measure of housing affordability and

provides an estimate of the degree to which

households at each decile may be experiencing

financial stress due to homeownership and rental

costs

# of renter households spending

30% of more of their income on

shelter (by income deciles)

Effectiveness/

Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census Series

# of renter and owner households

spending 50% or more of their

Effectiveness/

Descriptive

Canada Mortgage and Housing

Corporation (CMHC). 2006 Census

This indicator is a measure of serious housing

affordability problems, where households in core

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HOUSING

AFFORDAIBILITY

income on shelter Housing Series, Households Spending

at Least 50% of Their Income on

Shelter Research Highlight

housing need spend more than half (50%) of their

households income on their rent and mortgage and

utilities. The proportion of the household budget that

must be spent on shelter is so high that they cannot

pay other expenses. This indicator is a measure of the

availability of affordable housing. It can demonstrate

the degree to which different household types may

have trouble finding or keeping housing because of

the cost. Tenants are especially vulnerable to changes

in the housing market.

211 CALLS FOR SERVICE

# of calls related to housing

Process and

Effectiveness

211 Ontario, Data request

These are a set of indicators that demonstrate demand

for type of social and human services. It can highlight

changes in the number of calls made, information

about referral service for people who are homeless or

at risk of homelessness. Monitoring the trends can

also provide an understanding of demand for

supports and services.

# of calls related to shelters 211 Ontario, Data request

# of calls related to addiction and

counselling


# of calls related to emergency

food- food banks and soup

kitchens


# of calls related to health issues 211 Ontario, Data request

# of calls related to income and

financial assistance


# of calls related to food and meals 211 Ontario, Data request

# of calls related to legal and public

safety


# of calls from individuals at risk of

homelessness


# of calls related to assistance with

arrears


# of calls related to assistance with

utility charges


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INCOME

Income quintiles by tenure by

family type

(Family type (hybrid category) = 2

parent, 1 parent, multifamily, non-

family, senior couple, single senior)

Descriptive Custom Analysis, Statistics Canada,

Census, Tax Filer Data

This indicator describes the distribution of income for

families and single people. It provides a measure of

how equitably wealth is distributed as well as the

relative income status and level of need for

households and individuals.

Income quintiles are best because they facilitate

comparison over time.

Equivalent data can be used for social housing

tenants, to break out trends in market rental, where

greatest income/social change may be occurring.

# or % Low income families, non-

family persons, all persons Descriptive

LICO or LIM, Statistics Canada, Tax

Filer data

This indicator provides a measure of potential demand

for subsidized housing to meet the needs of low-

income households of various types

Use standard measure either Low-Income Cut Off or

LIM.

There are 3 main household categories for low income

(unattached = singles)

# or % Low income seniors Descriptive LICO or LIM, Statistics Canada, Tax

Filer data

# or % Low income non-senior

unattached Descriptive

LICO or LIM, Statistics Canada, Tax

Filer data

# or % Low income recent

immigrants- family Descriptive

FCM Indicator (QOLRS Municipal

Data Collection Tool)

This indicator provides a measure of potential demand

for subsidized housing to meet the needs of low-

income households of various types.

# of EI recipients (count of

caseload)

Descriptive/

Process Local Municipal data

These are three main indicator categories of

government transfer income.

# of GAINS recipients (count of

caseload)

Descriptive/

Process Local Municipal data

# of OW & ODSP recipients (count

of caseload)

Descriptive/

Process

OW local Municipal data, MCSS

Program Data (OW, ODSP)

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INCOME

Median Household Income Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census

Median household income is used as a measure to of

a household’s ability to obtain suitable housing at a

price they can afford. Median household income is

based on before-tax household income. The median is

the midpoint in income distribution. It gives an

indication of the relative economic position for

households and individuals and the change over time

Income of tenant households Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census Series This indicator compares tenant incomes by household

type.

Average Rents compared to

Average Wages:

• Average Rent

• Average Wages

• OW Shelter Allowance

Descriptive

Statistics Canada, Labour Force

Survey, CMHC, Rental Market Survey

This indicator measures the increases in rental housing

costs and its relative change in relation to wages and

Ontario Works shelter benefit. It is an

indicator/measure of the degree to which individuals

are able to keep pace with changing rents.

EMPLOYMENT

Occupation (age 25-65) by

community (5-6 broad categories) Descriptive

Statistics Canada, Census; Planning

departments or economic

development agencies

These can identify gaps and provide information to

support related spheres that impact housing

outcomes. This information is a fundamental driver of

population change and housing issues.

Education (age 25-65) by 5-6 broad

categories

Unemployment Rate Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census Series

The status of the labour market related to

unemployment will dictate the pressures on the

housing market, social assistance and social housing

waiting list. High unemployment rates will mean a

more demand for affordable housing or supports to

assist vulnerable households.

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EVICTIONS

Eviction Rate Descriptive,

Effectiveness Local Municipal Data

This information can demonstrate the housing

pressures faced by households. Eviction rates can be

reported for social housing providers to demonstrate

evictions as a result of arrears or non-arrears.

Trending data may be significant in understanding

how many households are exiting out of RGI housing.

As an effective ness indicator eviction rates can

demonstrate the impact of policies such as Tenant

Retention or Eviction Prevention Strategies to mitigate

eviction and retain housing.

# of applications to the Ontario

Rental Housing Tribunal for

termination of tenancy for rental

arrears

Descriptive

Ontario Rental Housing Tribunal;

Some information may be available

through Municipal Departments-

Housing Units; Non-Profit Housing

Provider Data, Social housing data

about evictions.

Ontario Ministry of Attorney General

This indicator describes the annual number of

applications to the Ontario Rental Housing Tribunal by

landlords to terminate tenancies for rental arrears, and

the number of eviction orders issued by the Tribunal.

It provides a measure of economic pressures in the

rental housing market and eviction trends. Data

gathered through this indicator can act as a base line

for future years. *Access to tribunal application may

be restricted due to privacy reasons.

# of tribunal orders to evict on the

grounds of rental arrears Descriptive

# of applications from private

landlords Descriptive

SETTLEMENT SERVICES

# of clients served for housing

related matters Descriptive

Settlement Service Agencies,

Administrative Data; United Way

administrative data. CIC data. Data

may be available through Ontario

Council of Agencies Serving

Immigrants (OTIS) Online Tracking

and Information System.

This indicator describes the number of

newcomers/refugees that are using Settlement

Services for housing assistance. There may be other

types of data collected through settlement service

agencies: (clients facing evictions, loss of housing,

domestic violence, negotiations with private landlords,

providing guarantor letters)

# of newcomers and refugees

served with housing related issues Descriptive

Client usage statistics of housing

help programs/services Descriptive

# of clients requesting searching

for housing Descriptive

# of cases requesting legal

assistance related to property and Descriptive

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rental issues

LEGAL CLINICS

# of clients served experiencing

domestic violence

Descriptive /

Process

Local Legal clinic administrative data These are indicators that can demonstrate the

assistance households require pertaining to their

housing situations.

# of clients served relating to

tenant/landlord issues

Descriptive /

Process

# of clients using duty counsel at

the Landlord and tenant board

Descriptive /

Process

# of clients served relating to

government service issues (i.e.,

ODSP or OW benefits, CPP, CPP

disability pension)

Descriptive /

Process

# of Aboriginal clients served Descriptive /

Process Ontario Friendship Centres

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HOUSING SYSTEM

HOMELESSNESS (The definition of homeless

people varies across

SMs/DSSABs. Homeless can be

visible street homeless, those

accessing the shelter system,

couch suffers, people who live

in insecure housing or housing

that is unsafe)

# of homeless (street count of the

unsheltered homeless)

Trends reported by street patrol

staff (if applicable)- profile, ‘new’

street people, aboriginal count

Descriptive

Street Needs Assessment;

While it is common knowledge

that there are homeless

people, there is a lack of

regional consistency in

definitions. Different

methodologies for counting

homeless people make it

challenging for comparisons.

Despite these challenges, it is

important to recognize the

presence of homeless people

and their housing needs

This indicator gives a profile of people who are living on the

street. Street life is transient by nature, making it hard to

count the number of people accurately. This is not a

definitive measure of the number of people living on the

street, but can it can help build an understanding of the

nature and extent of street homelessness.

Not all SM undertake point in time street counts.

# of homeless (point in time

counts) Descriptive

Point in Time Counts; Studies

undertaken that may provide a

count of the homeless.

Homeless counts are ‘snapshots in time’, and are generally

intended to measure the number of people who lack

permanent, safe, adequate and/or affordable housing. A

conservative estimate can be made using point in time

counts, however it is difficult to estimate the total number of

people who are homeless or at risk of homelessness,

including people who live rough on the street, double up in

inadequate housing, living temporarily with family or friends,

spend the majority of their income on rent.

Length of time homeless:

Average days in emergency shelter

and/or transitional housing

(households with children,

Descriptive,

Effectiveness

HIFIS, SM Administrative data,

SM may set up to collect and

monitor this particular data

This indicator can be used to demonstrate a reduction or

increase in the length of time that people are homeless.

13



HOMELESSNESS

households without children, all

households)

Return to Homeless after exit to

permanent housing: % of

households that exited to

permanent housing in the prior

year that returned to services

during the current quarter

(households with children,

households without children, all

households)

Descriptive,

Effectiveness




This indicator can be used to demonstrate- decrease or

increase returns to homelessness after exit to permanent

housing.

First time homeless

# of households entering

emergency shelter or transitional

housing not recorded as being

served in the past year (households

with children, households without

children)

Descriptive




This indicator can be used to demonstrate the number of

households entering homelessness for the first time.

# of homeless veterans Descriptive Local agencies

This indicator may demonstrate veterans returning from wars

or service that have become homeless due to physical

disabilities and mental illnesses resulting from combat.

Streets to Home Program or Similar Programs

# of homelessness placed in

housing Effectiveness SM- Program Data, Local

These indicators demonstrate the effectiveness of supports

and program interventions to that move people from

unstable housing conditions into stable housing. It can

illustrate housing stability.

# of ex-homeless still in housing 6

months later Effectiveness SM- Program Data, Local

# of people/households who have

been supported to move from

streets to homes

Effectiveness SM- Program Data, Local

14



HOMELESSNESS

Criminal Justice System

# of homeless in correction

facilities

Process,

Effectiveness

Ministry of Community Safety

and Correctional Services

(MCSCS)

John Howard Society, Ontario

Other local agencies that

provide supports and services

to ex-prisoners

This is an indication of the incidence of homelessness in

outside the periphery of the streets or living in shelters. # of prisoners with no fixed address

Descriptive

# of prisoners leaving with no

housing plan in place

Effectiveness This is an indication of rehousing issues.

# of individuals using ‘post-

incarceration housing supports

services

Effectiveness


and Correctional Services; John

Howard Society; local agencies

This data may not always be available. However tapping into

local agencies serving incarcerated individuals could provide

an indication of issues and housing supports required to

maintain housing successfully and for re-integration into the

community

Trends reported by street patrol or

police Descriptive

SM, Policy Department

Statistics

Indicators may provide information to demonstrate the

number of homeless arrested for various types of activities.

# of Offenders under probation

supervision living in settled and

suitable accommodation

Effectiveness


and Correctional Services

(MCSCS); Or local agencies

This indicator could demonstrate reduction in reoffending

and housing stability.

EMEREGENCY SHELTER

Shelter Capacity

Annual Shelter Occupancy rate

Descriptive,

Process,

Effectiveness

Federation of Canadian

Municipalities, QOLRS

Municipal Data Collection tool

(Available only for some SM)

Similar data can be collected

through HIFIS

These indicators provide an indication of shelter capacity. It

can be used to assess supply vs. demand, mismatch between

need, services and potential long term need.

# of single men’s shelter beds Descriptive

# of single women’s shelter beds Descriptive

# of family shelter beds Descriptive

# of youth shelter beds Descriptive

# of aboriginal shelter beds Descriptive

15



EMERGENCY SHELTER

# of mixed shelter beds Descriptive Ontario Ministry of Community

and Social Services MCSS;

Administrative data (SM or

funders or providers);

Social Planning agencies;

Community entity (HPS);

Major providers (e.g., YWCA,

Salvation Army)

These indicators provide an indication of shelter capacity. It

can be used to assess supply vs. demand, mismatch between

need, services and potential long term need.

# of refugee shelter beds

Descriptive

# of beds available to provide

women experiencing homelessness Effectiveness

This indicator gives a measure of supply for emergency

shelter accommodation for specific groups.

# of emergency shelter bed nights

(for men, women no domestic

violence, women (domestic

violence)

Descriptive,

Process,

Effectiveness

# of beds for drug/alcohol,

rehabilitation/detox (for men, for

women)

Descriptive

Admissions to emergency shelters

# total persons in emergency

shelters

Descriptive

Municipal Administrative Data

Ontario Ministry of Community

and Social Services

Homeless Individuals and

Families Information System

(HIFIS)

The indicator describes the number of different individuals

staying in shelters one or more times on an annual basis. This

data can be collected between time periods. Data for all

persons can include (adults and children) staying in funded

shelters and provincially funded abused women’s shelters.

# total children in emergency

shelters Descriptive

This indicator describes the number of different children who

have stayed in shelters. Data for children in shelters can be

collected and reported for different time periods. Data for

children can include staying in municipally funded shelters

and provincially funded abused women’s shelters.

Total number of admissions to

shelters in SM area (document by

time period)

Descriptive Local Municipal Administrative

Data; HIFIS

Indicator will demonstrate increases and decreases in shelter

usage, but also links to interventions such as production of

new social housing, reduction or increases in social

assistance benefits by the Province.

16



EMERGENCY SHELTER

# or % of single persons

# or % of single-led parent

w/children

# or % of two parents w/children

# or % of couples

Descriptive

Ontario Ministry of Community

and Social Services; Local

Municipal Administrative data

This indicator describes characteristics of individuals and

families using shelters in Toronto.

# of individual/households

classified as ‘episodic use of

shelters’

Descriptive

Effectiveness

Local Municipal Administrative

Data

This indicator describes people who use shelters on an

‘episodic’ basis meaning that they stayed in a shelter more

than (3) times in a given years. It gives a measure of the

number of people who go through multiple episodes of

homelessness. EPISODIC USE OF SHELTERS

# of different (unique) individuals

using the shelter system in a year

Process,

Effectiveness




This indicator describes the number of different individuals

who have used the shelter system. Only available for some

SM areas

# of women and # of children that

stayed in a VAW shelter

Descriptive

There are varying data sources:


Data; HIFIS, Local Agency client

records

This indicator describes characteristics of individuals and

families using shelters in Toronto.

Indicators listed below relate to the total number of admissions to

emergency shelters. Time series data may be valuable for

comparisons purposes. This indicator gives a measure of overall

demand for emergency shelter accommodation.

Average occupancy rate for the

VAW shelters

Descriptive

#of single men in an emergency

shelter

Descriptive

# of single women in an emergency

shelter

Descriptive

# of families in an emergency

shelter

Descriptive

Annual hostel and shelter

admissions (singles) Process

The following series of indicators describes changes and

trends in the profile of individuals and families who have lost

their housing and become homeless.


admissions (families) Process


admissions total individuals Process

17



EMERGENCY SHELTER


admissions- total children Process


Data; HIFIS

# of shelters for women and

children leaving a situation of

domestic violence

Process


Data; HIFIS, Local Agency client

records

Average length of stay in

emergency shelters

Process,

Effectiveness




This indicator can demonstrate the number of different

households and individuals admitted to emergency shelters,

using time series data. This indicate can provide a

conservative estimate of the number of homelessness

people.

CHIPI Indicators

# of nights a household spends in

emergency shelter Effectiveness


Data, Local Agency statistics

These are CHIPI outcome indicators that relate to people

experiencing homelessness obtain and retain housing

# of households moved from

homelessness to transitional

housing

Effectiveness Local Municipal Administrative





homelessness to long-term

housing






emergency shelter to long-term

housing





# of supports and services provided

to households experiencing

homelessness that are not related

to the provision of accommodation

but contribute to a positive change

in housing status





18



TRANSITIONAL

HOUSING

# of transitional housing units Descriptive


Data, Local Agency statistics-

program records; Survey of

clients

Transitional housing is intended to offer a supportive living

environment and tools and opportunities for social and skills

development. It is an intermediate step between emergency

shelters and supportive housing, with limits on the length of

stay.

These indicators can demonstrate the effectiveness of

interventions relating to permanent housing of the homeless

who are willing and able to work towards self-sufficiency. The

indicators can demonstrate:

• stable residency, once permanent housing is provided;

• greater reliance on employment rather than incomes

support

• programs; and

• increased income from employment or welfare programs.

# of clients applying for transitional

housing during the reporting

period

Descriptive

# and % of new clients accepted for

services during the reporting

period

Process

# and % of households/persons in

transitional housing

Process/

Descriptive

# and % of clients who move to

long-term housing within 24 month

of entry

Effectiveness

# and % of clients who maintain

safe and permanent housing for 6

months or more

Effectiveness

# and % of clients who do not re-

enter the homeless system within

one year of obtaining permanent

housing

Effectiveness

SUPPORTIVE HOUSING

# of existing provincial mental

health supportive housing units Descriptive

Ontario, Ministry of Health and

Long Term Care, Data Request

This indicator demonstrates the number of people who need

affordable housing plus support services to help them stay in

their housing. Supportive housing refers to housing that has

support services attached.

# of new provincial mental health

supportive housing units Effectiveness


Long Term Care, Data Request

This indicator measures the number of new supportive

housing units that have been added to the overall supply in

an area.

# of special needs & supportive

units in non-profit/co-ops Descriptive


Long Term Care, Data Request,

Providers, SM administrative

This indicator describes the number and type of supportive

housing units in social and private rental housing.

19



SUPPORTIVE HOUSING

data

# Provincial rent supplement-

supportive/Violence Against

Women units

Descriptive


Long Term Care, Data Request,

Providers, SM administrative

data

# of persons with serious mental

illness and addictions Descriptive

SM admin data; Major

Providers; LHIN; LHIN funded

agencies; Social planning

agencies or special studies;

MCSS regional office,

Community living agencies

These indicators demonstrate the number of people who

need affordable housing plus support services to help them

stay in housing.

# of persons with physical

disabilities and mobility

impairments

Descriptive

# of persons with development

delays Descriptive

# of hard to house/long term

homeless placed in supportive

housing

Descriptive

Effectiveness

# of dedicated supportive housing

beds Descriptive

# of domiciliary hostels with # of

beds Descriptive

# of senior assisted living units Descriptive

SOCIAL HOUSING

# of social housing units Descriptive Municipal Data, SMAIR,

Administrative Data

These indicators provide a profile of the social housing stock

and by type.

% or # of Non-Profit and Co-op

units Descriptive

Administrative Data

(SM/DSSAB)

# of Other Federally Administered

Co-op units Descriptive

Administrative Data

(SM/DSSAB)

# of rent supplements Descriptive Administrative Data

(SM/DSSAB)

# of private landlord rent Descriptive Administrative Data These are descriptive indicators of the social housing stock in

20



SOCIAL HOUSING

supplement units (SM/DSSAB) a SM area. It can also be used to demonstrate supply vs.

demand. # of housing allowances Descriptive

Administrative Data

(SM/DSSAB)

# of social housing units where

tenants pay rent geared to income Descriptive

Administrative Data

(SM/DSSAB)

# of Market/Low-end market units Descriptive Administrative Data

(SM/DSSAB)

# of Bachelor & 1-bed units; # of

2&3 Bedroom Units; # of Low Rent

& Ltd. Dividend Units

Descriptive Administrative Data

(SM/DSSAB)

# of social housing units vs. waiting

list demand (waiting list as a % of

social housing units)

Process,

Descriptive,

Effectiveness

SMAIR; SM Waiting List data;

ONPHA This indicator provides a comparison of the number of

households on the wait list relative to number of RGI units.

# of households leaving subsidized

housing in arrears Effectiveness

Administrative Data

(SM/DSSAB)/ HSC Arrears

Database

This indicator demonstrates households at the risk of

homelessness, housing instability, financial pressures.

# of evictions as a result of rent

arrears Effectiveness

Administrative Data

(SM/DSSAB)

# of evictions as a result of non-

arrears Effectiveness

Administrative Data

(SM/DSSAB)

# of households that are over-

housed Descriptive

Administrative Data

(SM/DSSAB)

Expiring subsidy (units) by 5- yr

period

Descriptive,

Effectiveness

Administrative Data

(SM/DSSAB), HSC SM Custom

reports

This indication provides a measure of the number of

affordable housing units that will have social housing end

dates approaching (end of subsidies).

Waiting List

Total # of households on wait list Social Housing Providers,

This indicator describes the number of applications for

placement in social housing units. It provides an indication of # of new applicants per year

Descriptive,

Process SM Waiting List Data

21



SOCIAL HOUSING

# of active applicants on the social

housing waiting list

Descriptive,

Process,

Effectiveness

SM Waiting List Data

the demand for affordable housing over time based on the

number of applicants on the waiting list for placement in

subsidized housing.

# of people who have homeless

status on the waiting list Descriptive SM Waiting List Data

# or % of seniors on waitlist

# or % Non-Senior Singles on

waitlist

# or % of families on waitlist

# of applicants on the waiting list-

supportive housing or special need

requirements

# of people who have homeless

status on the waiting list

Descriptive

ONPHA, Waiting List Survey

Report; SM Administrative

Data; Data from Coordinated

Access Centres

The social housing waitlist indicates the demand for rent-

subsidized housing. It measures trends in the demand for

affordable housing, as well as characteristics of those in

housing need.

Average waiting times: seniors,

non-senior singles, youth, SPP,

local priorities, youth, families

(weeks, year, days)

Effectiveness,

Efficiency

SM Administrative Data; Data

from Coordinated Access

Centres

This indicator describes the waiting times of individuals to be

placed in RGI housing. This measure is an indication of low-

income households facing housing affordability issues.

Housed in Subsidized Housing

# or % of households on the

centralized waiting list for social

housing to receive housing

annually

Effectiveness These measures are an indication of households that get

housed and the demographic groups that get placed in

housing. Further it can demonstrate who is most likely to get

housed- chronological vs. non-chronological applicants,

priority and disadvantaged households that are able to

obtain housing.

% of SPP applicants on waiting list

housed Effectiveness

# and % of local priorities to be

housed Effectiveness

# of people housed annually who

have homeless status Effectiveness

22



PRIVATE MARKET

RENTAL

# and trends in rental housing

completions

Descriptive,

Effectiveness

CMHC, historical data, custom

data

This indicator describes the number of rental housing units

constructed and can include information to demonstrate

type of housing tenure developed

# of new rental housing

completions Descriptive

CMHC, historical data, custom

data

This indicator is defined as the number of new private,

conventional rental units and assisted rental units built by

time period. It can demonstrate trends in the conventional,

purpose-built rental supply over time.

# of applications to demolish rental

units to convert to condominiums Descriptive SM/DSSAB Planning or

Development Services

Department

This indicator describes losses to the existing, purpose-built

rental stock that may result due to demolition and

redevelopment of rental housing sites, and conversion to

condominium

# of Applications for conversion to

condominiums Descriptive

Average rental apartment vacancy

rates Descriptive

CMHC, Rental Market Survey.

Data is not available for al SMs,

either because CMHC does not

survey those areas or because

the data is suppressed due to

the small population size.

Indicator measures the availability/supply of rental

apartments/housing. Data are for private rental apartments

(buildings with three or more units) surveyed by CMHC. A

rate of 2.5% is considered to be a healthy vacancy rate,

because tenants are able to find housing in affordable rental

ranges.

% of units by rent ranges by unit

type Descriptive

CMHC, Rental Market Survey

(data available for conventional

rental buildings- those in the

private rental market with

three or more units)

Indicator compares the number of rental units in selected

rental range. This indicator provides a measure of the

number and change in supply of affordable rental units for

households at different levels of incomes. # of units by rent ranges Descriptive

# of advertised units Descriptive Local Sources

Average rent for advertised unit by

unit size Descriptive Local Sources

Market Rental Housing

# of market rent units total Descriptive Statistics Canada, minus social (to include)

23



PRIVATE MARKET

RENTAL

housing

% of purpose-built rental market

% Private Rental

% Assisted Rental

% Condo Rental

# of conventional private units

# of conventional assisted units

# of rental condo units

Descriptive


Statistics Canada

Municipal, Planning or

Development Department

Indicators describe the composition of the rental housing

market based. (includes private and assisted (social housing)

units in apartments and row houses build specifically for

tenant occupancy)

# of rental apartments subtotal Descriptive Rental Market Survey Covers most small urban areas but areas may not coincide

with SM boundaries. Special data can be ordered.

Average Rent

Average month rent payments

Descriptive

Rental Market Survey, CMHC

Statistics Canada, Census

Average rent is based on

CMHC’s annual rental market

and secondary rental market

surveys. Data reflects buildings

with six or more units. The

secondary market comprises

apartments outside of

purpose-built rental structures

with three rental units or more,

condominium apartments and

units in institutions

This may diverge more by area. Average rent describes the

amount households pay per month by bedroom type for

rent. Average rent is an indicator of housing affordability.

Rent in relation to household income capacity is an indicator

of the incidence of housing/financial stress

Rental Sector Trends Descriptive Where’s Home (ONPHA &

CHF)

Compilation of Multi-year trends, covers some but not all SM

areas

Secondary Rental Market

% of secondary rental market units Descriptive CMHC, Rental Market Survey

Statistics Canada

Temporary in nature, often occurs as a single unit rented out

by an individual owner. This type of housing includes

24



PRIVATE MARKET

RENTAL

Municipal, Planning or

Development Department.

No standard source. Planning

departments may have

relevant data

condominium apartments as well as basement flats, rented

houses, duplexes, second suites in houses and apartment

over stores

Rental Affordability

Average Rent and Average Weekly

Wages Descriptive

Statistics Canada, Labour Force

Survey, CMHC, Rental Market

Survey

This indicator measures the increase in rental housing costs

and its relative change to wages. It provides a measure of the

degree to which households are able to keep pace with

changing rents.

% of tenant households by income

range paying more than 30% , or

more than 50% of Income on Rent

Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census

Series

This indicator provides a measure of the affordability of

rental housing and the degree to which households at

various segments of the income distribution may be facing

income security issues due to housing costs.

This indicator can be used to describe changes and trends in

factors that put people at an increased risk of losing their

housing

% of average monthly income of

renter households spent on the

average monthly rent

Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census

Series

Average month rent payments refer to the average amount

spent each month for rent. This figure includes costs for

electricity, heat, municipal services etc.

% of households with income

below affordability level of average

rent

Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census;


This indicator provides a measure of the affordability of

private market rent and its compatibility with the actual

distribution of SM/DSSAB household income.

% or # of tenants paying more than

50% of income for housing- couple

households, couple families with

children, one-parent households,

single households

Descriptive Statistics Canada, Census;


This indicator is a measure of the availability of affordable

housing. It can demonstrate the degree to which different

household types may have trouble finding or keeping

housing because of the cost. Tenants are especially

vulnerable to changes in the housing market.

25



HOMEOWNERSHIP

Resale Market Prices/ Existing Home Market

Median resale price of condo apts Descriptive Multiple Listing Service (MLS)

for Local Market These are the main aggregate categories, having different

price levels in most areas. Median resale price of houses Descriptive

Multiple Listing Service (MLS)

for Local Market

# of Units Sold Descriptive

Canadian Real Estate

Association (CREA)/CMHC

Custom data These series of indicators describes the composition and

state of the homeownership market and can illustrate trend

and changes over time. It can also provide information to

depict homeownership availability, affordability and the

supply within a SM area.

MLS Average Price ($) Descriptive



Custom data

# of new listings by time period Descriptive



Custom data

Average purchase price by dwelling

type (single, semi, town,

condominium)

Descriptive CMHC, Housing Now

Average housing prices refers to the average price of

dwelling type. It is a measure of homeownership affordability

and an indicator of household ability to move from rental to

ownership. Changes in average purchase price can affect

rental vacancy rates and choices across the housing market.

New Home Prices

# of new home sales Descriptive

CMHC, Planning Departments

or other local sources (MLS)

By structural type, covers most small urban areas but areas

may not coincide with SM boundaries

Average new home price ($) Descriptive

Median new home price ($) Descriptive

New home sales by price range ($) Descriptive

Revenue and Tax

$ revenue generated for

every house built Descriptive

MPAC custom tabulation

service

This indicator can demonstrate the economic benefits,

growth or decrease with the housing environment,

construction and development. Average residential property tax Descriptive MPAC custom tabulation

26



HOMEOWNERSHIP

collected service

Homeownership Stress/ Affordability

# of property Tax cancellation and

deferrals

Process,

Effectiveness Municipal Tax Department

This is a key indicator of homeowners under housing stress.

It can provide a base to track whether the numbers are likely

to increase over time. Information may provide data on

demographic groups- seniors etc.

# of mortgage foreclosures Descriptive Local Banks, Local municipal

finance departments

This indicator demonstrates the number of homeowners with

housing affordability issues and default payments that can

result in loss of homeownership housing.

# of homeownership- second

mortgages Descriptive

National Housing Survey,

Census, CMHC, HIFIS, Banks-

loans # of loan defaults Descriptive

# of Mortgage default payments Descriptive Local Banks, Local municipal

finance departments

# of loans approved Descriptive

Local Banks, Local municipal

finance departments

# of borrowers having problems

making loan payments Descriptive

# of late payments Descriptive

Average Monthly Home Ownership

Costs Descriptive

Statistics Canada, Census

series

Average monthly homeownership costs are the average

amounts spent by owners for electricity, heat, municipal

services and mortgage payments, etc. each month. Average

home ownership costs relative to household income is an

indicator of housing affordability and the degree to which

households experience financial stress that may limit their

ability to afford other necessities.

Average resale price/by average

owner income Descriptive

Custom Analysis, Statistics

Canada, MLS,

Indication of ability to afford the purchase of a home. Average monthly ownership cost/

average income Descriptive

Custom Analysis, Statistics

Canada, MLS,

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