how leed v4 impacts energy professionals and mirrors broader sustainability trends ·...

How LEED v4 Impacts Energy Professionals and Mirrors Broader Sustainability TrendsDan LeBlanc

Senior Sustainability Manager

[email protected]

LEED CERTIFICATION TRENDSMARKET SECTOR ADAPTATIONS

Data Centers

Warehouses and Distribution Centers

Hospitality

Existing Buildings for Schools

Existing Buildings for Retail

Homes Multifamily Midrise

LEED CERTIFICATION TRENDSLEED v4 SYSTEM GOALS

Integrative

Process

� Simple box model to evaluate site conditions, massing

and orientation, envelope, lighting levels, thermal comfort

ranges, plug and process load needs, operating

parameters (min 2)

� Water Budget Analysis (supply, demand, reuse)

� Show how all this is getting into the BOD and OPR

Performance in

Water Efficiency

WATER EFFICIENCY

NC

Big Picture

Addressing all water uses including fixtures & fittings,

process, appliance, cooling towers, and outdoor water.

Focus on measuring water use through fundamental

building metering requirements.

Additional points in credit for metering of subsystems.

Prerequisite: Outdoor Water Use Reduction

Prerequisite: Indoor Water Use Reduction

Prerequisite: Building Level Water Metering

Credit: Outdoor Water Use Reduction

Credit: Indoor Water Use Reduction

Credit: Cooling Tower Water Use

Credit: Water Metering

NC Highlights:

� Indoor water (up to 6 points, 50%): includes fixtures,

process, appliance, cooling towers (Preq: standards for

appliances and process water)

� New credit: Cooling Tower Water Use (M&V for CTW)

� New Credit: Water Metering (sub metering)

Indoor Water Prerequisite Standards

Water Metering

Install permanent water meters for two or more of the following:

� Irrigation

� Indoor plumbing fixtures and fittings

� Domestic hot water - 80% of the installed capacity

� Boiler using >100,000 gallons/yr or > 500,000 BtuH (150 kW)

� Reclaimed water

� Other process water - 80% of expected daily water

consumption for process end uses, such as humidification

systems, dishwashers, clothes washers, pools, other

� HC requires five more…

Defining Performance in

Energy & Atmosphere

ENERGY AND ATMOSPHERE

NC

Big Picture

Minimum Energy Performance: five percent above

ASHRAE 90.1-2010; minimum ENERGY STAR score now

75.

New credit for Demand Response.

Building level energy metering required for all projects.

Prerequisite: Fundamental Commissioning and Verification

Prerequisite: Minimum Energy Performance

Prerequisite: Building-Level Energy Metering

Prerequisite: Fundamental Refrigerant Management

Credit: Enhanced Commissioning

Credit: Optimize Energy Performance

Credit: Advanced Energy Metering

Credit: Demand Response

Credit: Renewable Energy Production

Credit: Enhanced Refrigerant Management

Credit: Green Power and Carbon Offsets

NC Energy Highlights:

� ASHRAE 90.1-2010 (min 5% better)

� Cx now includes water, IEQ, durability

� Enhanced Cx options for Monitoring Based and Envelope

� No more M&V; moved to Enhanced Cx, Fundamental and

Advanced Metering

� Renewables - 1,5,10% (3 pts), can’t be included in EAp2

� Green power now includes carbon offsets

� New credit for Demand Response

Fundamental Cx Requirements:

� Building Envelope Thermal Performance (BOD)

� Building occupancy and equipment run-time schedules,

setpoints, lighting levels, min OA requirements (CFR

and O&M Plan)

Enhanced Cx (3 pts) Options:

� Monitoring-based Cx (1pt) – quarterly energy analysis,

point identification

� Envelope Cx options (2 pts) – Informed by the model

ASHRAE 90.1 2010

Mandatory provisions (required of all projects):

� Whole-building air barrier

� Automatic receptacle control, 50% of private/open offices and classrooms

� Lighting power densities, most have decreased slightly

� Mandatory daylighting, spaces > 250 feet of sidelighted area

� Automatic lighting controls (e.g. occupancy sensors or timers) required for

more types of spaces, and in many cases vacancy or auto-50% on

� Lighting in most spaces must have a setting between off and full on

ASHRAE 90.1 2010

Prescriptive requirements:

� Heat Recovery required for more systems in more climate zones

� Economizers required for all climate zones

� Explicit efficiency requirements for VRF systems and CRAC units

� Higher efficiency requirements for other cooling equipment

� Little change to envelope requirements for most climate zones

ENERGY CODE PROGRESS

90.1-2010 Case studies: Mixed-use Office

172,000 SF in Colorado

100,000 office

30,000 Fitness

42,000 retail

� 40% WWR, high-performance envelope

� VAV w/ fan powered reheat

� DCV, DX w/ evaporative condensers

� 40% LPD reductions w/ daylight dimming

� 80 kW PV system

90.1-2010 Case studies: Mixed Use

ENERGY MODELING RESULTSTotal Energy

Cost

ASHRAE

90.1 2007

ASHRAE 90.1

2010

Baseline $211,247 $165,070

Proposed Design $121,917 43.21% 26.0%

90.1-2010 Case studies: Office Building

228,000 SF office with 264,000 SF Garage in Colorado

� High eqt and people density

� 32% WWR

� Aggressive lighting design with LED’s

� VAV air handlers

� AC chiller, Condensing boiler

� Fan-powered and standard VAV boxes

Courtesy of Mandy Redfield, The Weidt Group. 04/17/2014, Rocky Mountain Green

“ASHRAE 90.1-2007 vs ASHRAE 90.1-2010: What’s the Big Deal?”

Courtesy of Mandy Redfield, The Weidt Group. 04/17/2014, Rocky Mountain Green,


90.1-2010 Case studies: Office Building

90.1-2010 Case studies: Elementary School

81,000 SF in Illinois

17,000 SF renovation

64,000 SF addition

� 23% WWR

� Aggressive lighting design with LED’s

� VAV air handlers

� AC chiller, Condensing boiler

� Heat Recovery



90.1-2010 Case studies: Elementary School



Advanced Energy Metering:

Install meters for energy end uses that represent 10% or more

of the total annual consumption of the building.

� Must be permanently installed, record at intervals of one hour

or less, and transmit data to a remote location.

� The data collection system must use a local area network,

building automation system, wireless network, etc.

� Capable of storing all metered data for at least 36 months.

� The data must be remotely accessible.

� All meters capable of reporting hourly, daily, monthly, and

annual energy use.

Demand Response:

Participate in an existing demand response (DR) program and

complete the following activities.

� Design a system with the capability for real-time, fully-

automated DR based on external initiation by a DR Program

Provider. Semi-automated DR may be utilized in practice.

� Enroll in a minimum one-year DR participation for at least

10% of the estimated peak electricity demand. Peak

demand is determined under EAp2.

INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

NC

Big Picture

Category focused on key indicators of ventilation, lighting, acoustics, and occupant experience.

More performance-based credits focused on health and

wellbeing outcomes.

Emissions based approach to materials.

Prerequisite: Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance

Prerequisite: Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control

Credit: Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies

Credit: Low-Emitting Materials

Credit: Construction IAQ Management Plan

Credit: Indoor Air Quality Assessment

Credit: Thermal Comfort

Credit: Interior Lighting

Credit: Daylight

Credit: Quality Views

Credit: Acoustic Performance

NC Highlights:

� No more smoking rooms �

� Air Quality Performance (instead of outdoor air delivery

monitoring increased ventilation, and source control)

� Enter ASHRAE 62.1-2010; 55-2010

� VOC: emissions not content

� Thermal comfort: combined into one (design and control)

� New Interior Lighting credit (controllability and quality)

� Views now ‘Quality Views’

� Daylight: way better metrics

� New Acoustic Performance credit (from Schools and HC)

ASHRAE 62.1-2010

� All kitchens vented to the outdoors

� Natural ventilation openings have to be permanently open or

kept open during occupancy, needs to be monitored

� Makes mechanical ventilation much more likely

� Air flow monitoring required

Choose four of the following strategies:

A. For all regularly occupied spaces, use light fixtures with a luminance of less than

2,500cd/m2 between 45 and 90 degrees from nadir. w/ exceptions

B. For the entire project, use light sources with a CRI of 80 or higher. w/ exceptions

C. For 75% of the total connected lighting load, use light sources that have a rated life

(or L70 for LED sources) of at least 24,000 hours (at 3-hour per start, if applicable).

D. Use direct-only overhead lighting for 25% or less of the total connected lighting load

for all regularly occupied spaces.

E. For 90% of the regularly occupied floor area, meet the following for area-weighted

average surface reflectance: 85% for ceilings, 60% for walls, and 25% for floors.

F. Furniture finishes to meet the following for area-weighted average surface

reflectance: 45% for work surfaces, and 50% for movable partitions.

G. For 75% of the regularly occupied floor area, meet ratio of average wall surface

illuminance to average work plane (or surface, if defined) illuminance that does not

exceed 1:10.

H. For 75% of the regularly occupied floor area, meet ratio of average ceiling

illuminance to work surface illuminance that does not exceed 1:10.

Interior Lighting

Daylight

Option 1. Simulation: Spatial Daylight Autonomy (2–3 points)

� Demonstrate through annual computer simulations that spatial daylight

autonomy 300/50% (sDA300/50%) of at least 55% or 75% (2-3 pts, NC).

� Demonstrate through annual computer simulations that annual sunlight

exposure 1000,250 (ASE1000,250) of no more than 10% is achieved.

� SDA = % of floor area exceeding 300 lux for 50% of hrs

between 8am-6pm

� ASE = percent of floor area where more than 250 hours per

year have direct sun (>= 1000 lux) incident on the surface

RESOURCES

USGBC

→Credit library: usgbc.org/credits

→ Intro to LEED v4 – free two hours GBCI and AIA

→Reference guides: usgbc.org/leedv4

LEEDuser

→Sample documentation, checklists, practitioners

USGBC Colorado

→LEED Experts: December 2013

→Live education sessions 2014

LEED v4 and After

Dan LeBlanc, Senior Sustainability Manager

yrgxyz.com

how leed v4 impacts energy professionals and mirrors broader sustainability trends ·...

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