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Topic 8:

Pulmonary Function Testing

HPHE 6720

Dr. Cheatham

Laboratory Manual Section 08

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Outline

Review of lung volumes

Terminology relating to PFT

Review of PFT

Prediction of PFT values

Interpretation of results

Review of atmospheric conditions andcalculations of volume (How volumes of air

are expressed)

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Lung Volumes

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Some Terminology

Obstructed airflow Narrowing of the airways due to bronchoconstriction

(asthma)

Narrowing of the airways due to inflammation

Blockage of the bronchiol airways

External compression of the airways (tumor or trauma)

Obstructive lung diseases Asthma

Asthmatic bronchitis

Chronic obstructive bronchitis

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD includes asthmaticbronchitis, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and the overlap betweenthem).

Cystic fibrosis

Emphysema

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Some Terminology

Restricted airflow Always means a decrease in lung volumes

Intrinsic restrictive lung disorders Sarcoidosis

Tuberculosis

Pnuemonectomy (loss of lung) Pneumonia

Extrinsic restrictive lung disorders Scoliosis, Kyphosis

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Pleural Effusion (fluid in the pleural cavity) Pregnancy

Gross Obesity

Tumors

Ascites

Pain on inspiration - pleurisy, rib fractures

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Some Terminology

Restricted airflow (contd) Neuromuscular Restrictive Lung Disorders

Generalized Weakness malnutrition

Paralysis of the diaphragm

Myasthenia Gravis - lack of acetylcholine or too muchcholinesterase at the myoneural junction in which thenerve impulses fail to induce normal muscularcontraction. These patients suffer from fatigability and

muscular weakness. Muscular Dystrophy

Poliomyelitis

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - Lou Gehrig's Disease

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Pulmonary Function Testing

Reasons to perform PFT Screening for the presence of obstructive or

restrictive lung disease

Evaluating patients prior to surgery Documenting progression of lung disease

Documenting the effectiveness of therapeutic

intervention

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PFT Testing

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PFT Testing

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PFT Testing

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PFT Testing

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PFT Testing

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Patient Information

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Patient Information

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Prediction of PFT Test Values

Knudson Normset

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Prediction of PFT Test Values

NHANES IIINormset

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Interpretation of PFT

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Interpretation of PFT

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How Volumes of Air are Expressed

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How Volumes of Air are Expressed

Converting ATPS to BTPS

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How Volumes of Air are Expressed

Converting ATPS to BTPS (contd)

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How Volumes of Air are Expressed

Converting ATPS to BTPS (contd)

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How Volumes of Air are Expressed

Converting

ATPS to

STPD

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Laboratory Exercise

Each student will perform the following PFTs:

FVC (3 trials)

MVV (1 trial)

Each student will perform these tests under the

following conditions (at least 10 min b/tconditions):

Standing

Sitting

Research Question:

Is there a significant difference b/t standing and sittingfor the following variables:

FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, MVV