hse bulletin edisi 51 - february 2014 ( pt national utility helicopters )
TRANSCRIPT
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8/12/2019 HSE Bulletin Edisi 51 - February 2014 ( PT National Utility Helicopters )
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Fitri Yuliyanti
HSE Admin
PT.National Utility Helicopters
51stEdition, FEBRUARY 25
th2014
WHY BREAKFAST IS SO IMPORTANT
Source : Aviation Safety Bulletin - Civil Aviation Authority of Fiji
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8/12/2019 HSE Bulletin Edisi 51 - February 2014 ( PT National Utility Helicopters )
2/4
Fitri Yuliyanti
HSE Admin
PT.National Utility Helicopters
51stEdition, FEBRUARY 25th2014
During every wet season there is a noticeable increase in the number of safety reports submitted
for aircraft;
deviating off route without a clearance; deviating off route by more than the cleared amount; or reporting back on route when they are not.
While the majority of these deviations are due to weather, and considered necessary by the pilot
for safety reasons, they have on occasion contributed to significant occurrences, including
breakdowns of separation.
In the Australian I!s, all airspace above "#$% is &lass A, with separation predicated on aircraft
operating along the defined centre line of their cleared route. Improvements in aircraft navigation
accuracy, increasing traffic levels and the re'uirement to improve operating efficiency has, over
time, led to a reduction in the separation standards re'uired between aircraft in non radar
airspace.
I&A( Doc $$$ ) Air *raffic +anagement re'uires lateral separation to be applied so that the
distance between those portions of the intended routes for which the aircraft are to be laterally
separated is never less than a distance that accounts for navigational inaccuracies plus a specified
buffer in Australia this buffer is -+/. *his means that if an aircraft deviates by more than -+
from its cleared route, allowing for navigation e'uipment and other inaccuracies, the probability
of infringing separation standards between aircraft is increased.
I&A( Doc $$$$ and AI0 Australia provide guidance to pilots in relation to weather deviations in
&ontrolled Airspace, including1
*he re'uirement to obtain a clearance from A*&, 2ow to obtain priority from A*&, and What to do if you cannot obtain a clearance from A*&.
DEVIATION AROUND WEATHER
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8/12/2019 HSE Bulletin Edisi 51 - February 2014 ( PT National Utility Helicopters )
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Fitri Yuliyanti
HSE Admin
PT.National Utility Helicopters
51stEdition, FEBRUARY 25th2014
It is acknowledged that all scenarios cannot be covered in I&A( publications or AI0 and that
under the rules of the air, and in the interests of safety, the pilot may deviate from route as
necessary.
2owever, by re'uesting clearance from A*& prior to commencing or increasing the diversion, the
likelihood of infringing the separation standard with another aircraft is significantly reduced. AI0states that if unable to obtain a clearance and the pilot in command considers the deviation
necessary, a 0A call specifying details of the deviation must be broadcast on the appropriate
fre'uencies.
It should also be noted that, even though your aircraft may be outside of radar surveillance
airspace, if AD345 or AD34& e'uipped, A*& will be aware of your position and your deviation off
route will be observed.
Summary
Deviating off route due to weather is a fre'uent re'uirement, particularly during the wet season,
and is often complicated by a range of factors. 0rocedures have been implemented regarding the
majority of scenarios that may eventuate when deviating, including the pilot6s overall
responsibility for the safety of their aircraft and the right to deviate without A*& clearance if
safety is jeopardised.
2owever, pilots should be aware that due to the reduced tolerances of today6s separation
standards, coupled with the sheer volume of aircraft operating within Australian airspace, to
preserve the safety of the airways system A*& should be contacted for a clearance prior to the
deviation being commenced.
Sumber: http://www.airservicesaustralia.com/
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8/12/2019 HSE Bulletin Edisi 51 - February 2014 ( PT National Utility Helicopters )
4/4
Fitri Yuliyanti
HSE Admin
PT.National Utility Helicopters
51stEdition, FEBRUARY 25
th2014
Although volcanoes have the reputation of being very dangerous, (Volcanoes can kill peopleand animals. They can be very destructive.) there nevertheless are advantages of living near
a volcano.
Volcanoes provide resources for energy extraction, also called geothermal resources. Heatfrom the earth's crust is being converted to energy. The big advantages to this type of energy arethat it is very cleanand the resources are nearly inexhaustible.
When a volcano erupts it throws out a lot of ash. At short notice this ash can be very harmful
to the environment, but on the long term the ash layer, which contains many useful minerals, will beconverted to a very fertile soil.
Nearly everywhere volcanoes are located people use the rich soil for farming. Even afteran eruption people still return because of the fertile soil around the volcano.
Volcanoes can produce very spectacular scenery like the beautiful sunsets caused byexplosive eruptions. Other features include plant-rich environments, stunning eruptions, beautiful lavafountains etc.
Source: http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/volcanoes/advantages.php
VOLCANOES ADVANTAGES OF VOLCANOES