Introduction to QChat® Introduction to QChat

QChat Overview

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Qualcomm Confidential and Proprietary.

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Voice-over-IP (VoIP): Voice Over Internet Protocol is the routing of voice conversations, sent as digital packets of data, over the Internet or other IP network. Contrast to a circuit-switched (traditional voice) network.

Half duplex transmission: Transmission in which data may be sent in either direction but only in one direction at a time on a transmission medium.

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Call setup time is shorter for a QChat call than for a traditional circuit-switched network call. As a result, when the typical QChat caller presses the push-to-talk (PTT) button, he receives a nearly immediate (ideally < 1 second) indication of whether the call recipient is available.

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Nearly immediate access

•User perceives that the QChat System provides nearly immediate and continuous access to the QChat Service.

•System provides nearly immediate feedback as to the success or failure of user request for QChat Services.

•System nearly immediately provides any resources required to fulfill the user’s trequest.

Always on

•User perceives the QChat Service is readily available at all times.

•System enables the user to have constant connectivity to the QChat Service.

Guaranteed talk permit

•When a user requests permission to speak in a QChat call, the QChat System verifies that the user’s speech can be sent to at least one of the specified targets.

•The System confirms the target participation in the QChat call before granting the originator permission to talk.

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Reducing latency - PTT latency is the delay between the time the user requests the floor, by pressing the PTT button, and the time the user receives confirmation that the call has been established and the floor is available. End-to-end media latency is the delay between the time the originator starts speaking and the time when the target(s) hear the originator’s speech.

Operating over CDMA and WCDMA – QChat offers a dispatch service that operates over CDMA and WCDMA infrastructure. This goal implies no specific modifications to the infrastructure or standards are necessary to support the QChat Service.y pp Q

Open protocols – In the cases where Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) or other open protocols to support communication required by the QChat Service do not exist, the QChat design defines internally developed, standards-based protocols to provide such functionality.

QChat Application Server (QAS) deployment – The QAS components are designed for standard, off-the-shelf hardware deployed adjunct to the CDMA infrastructure on the carrier’s Wide Area Network (WAN).

Interoperability with multiple carrier deployments – The QChat System design includes mechanisms allowing interoperability among multiple carrier networks so that both local QChat users and global QChat users have access to the QChat Service.

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The table compares a traditional voice call to a QChat call.

Call setup time

Call setup times are usually much shorter for Push-To-Talk (PTT).

Who talks first?

In a traditional call you place the call and wait for the target party to answer. With PTT, the originator speaks first.

Call communication model

In a traditional call both parties can speak at the same time. With PTT, only one party can be heard at a time.

Mean call length

Length of calls are shorter. For example, “Hey Bob, pick up the back hoe.”

“E pensi e” part of call in terms of s stem reso rces“Expensive” part of call in terms of system resources

A traditional voice call ties up a voice circuit for the length of the call. In PTT, system resources are used most heavily during call setup.

Call termination

A QChat call is terminated because of either inactivity or by user action. Inactivity time is defined on the server by the service provider. In a traditional voice call, either party “hangs

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up” to end the call.

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A direct call is a QChat call in which the member list has only two users: an originator and a single target user address. The originator may reestablish the call using information stored on the client device when the original call was established, and the target may reestablish the call using information stored on the client device when the original call announcement was received.

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An add hoc group call is a QChat call in which the member list contains more than two entries– an originator and at least two targets. The targets can be individual addresses, group addresses, or a combination of both.

The ad hoc group call definition is maintained on the QAS for a temporary duration (determined by the carrier, but the default value is 24 hours). While the call definition is valid, it can be used to reestablish the ad hoc group call.

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The Ad Hoc Group Name feature allows the originator of a QChat ad hoc group call to select a user-defined ad hoc group name to identify the group. The QChat System does not require the ad hoc group name to be unique across ad hoc groups defined in the QChat System.

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The QChat Application Server (QAS) supports two different call models for including target users in a QChat call, active and passive.

Passive Call Model:

Requires no action by the target user to participate

QChat client makes decision based on user settings

Typically referred to as “forced audio” calls Typically referred to as forced audio calls

Active Call Model:

Delivers notifications or call announcements

Requires explicit action by a user to participate in the call

Each call participant “joins” the call in progressp p j p g

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This feature uses the join model to provide an alternative method to establish an ad hoc group call. The ad hoc group invite feature allows the originator of an ad hoc group call to send an invitation to the target members of the call. The target members receive the invitation, indicating that the call is starting, and that they must join to participate in the call.

By employing the ad hoc group invite feature, the ad hoc group call uses the active call participation model.

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The member list for a closed group call is both predefined and restricted or closed. Only users who are included in the member list for the group may participate in the call.

Access to a closed group is restricted by the associated member list. This implies that only users who are included in the member list can join. While a user may learn the group address of a closed group and attempt to join it manually, the QChat Application Server (QAS) rejects any request to join a closed group if the originator of the request is not a member of the closed groupmember of the closed group.

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A closed chat room is similar to a closed group call; however, a closed group call uses the passive participation model, while a closed chat room uses the active participation model.

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Access to a closed group is restricted by the associated member list. This implies that only users who are included in the membership list can join. While a user may learn the group address of a closed group and attempt to join it manually, the QChat Application Server (QAS) rejects any request to join a closed group if the originator of the request is not a member of the closed group.

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The table shows the relationship between different types of QChat calls.

Passive/ad hoc

Participants in an ad hoc call, whether direct (one-to-one) or group (one-to-many) use the passive participation model. Content is received by the targets without any action on their part.

Active/ad hoc

Participants of an ad hoc group call usually use the passive participation model; the originator uses forced audio to send content to group targets. However, if a new target is invited to the ad hoc call, the new member must accept and join the call, so the new member is using an active participation model.

Passive/predefinedPassive/predefined

A closed group is a predefined call that uses the passive participation model. Content is received by group members without action on their part.

Active/predefined

A chat room is a predefined call that requires an active participation model. Members must

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take action to join the chat and receive content.

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Preemption ranking applies to closed group calls. The range of ranking is 0 through 7 (0 is the lowest level and implies listener-only privileges; 7 is the highest level and allows for preemption of anyone lower).

For example, a member with a talk priority of 7 can preempt anyone and take the floor. A talk priority of 3 allows that participant to preempt anyone with a lower talk priority. A level 0 priority allows listen-only privileges. In practice, a customer may implement only two or three levels of priority.

Preemption ranks are assigned when closed groups and chat rooms are defined. The assigned ranks are used to determine priority in a call.

If a call is converted to another call type, the talker preemption scheme is also subject to change.

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For all call types, QChat users can be provisioned with:

Call type origination capability

Call type participation capability

Call type capabilities are provisioned on the QChat Client, and in the QChat User/Group database.

QChat client will not attempt to establish a call if the user is not provisioned with the associated call type origination capability.

QChat System will not allow the user to participate in a call if the user is not provisioned with the associated call type participation capability.

Operators can use provisioning to tier customers based on price.

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iDEN: Integrated Digital Enhanced Network. iDEN technology is used by Nextel for PTT.

UFMI: Urban Fleet Mobile Identifier

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Compare Push-To-Talk (PTT) and traditional voice calls.

Compare ad hoc and predefined calls.

Compare active and passive call models.

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