http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

FP6 IST “Broadband for all”

Network of Excellence Contract n. 027497

e-Photon/ONe+

“Optical Networks: Towards Bandwidth Manageability and Cost Efficiency”

(March 2006 – Feb. 2008)

Coordinator: Fabio Neri, Politecnico di Torino

Project Office: EU Affairs Office, Politecnico di Torino

Contact: e2-office@tlc.polito.it

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Objectives of e-Photon/ONe+

The NoE is focused on optical networksMain goals:

• integrate and focus the rich technical know-how available in Europe on optical communications and networking

• favour a consensus on the engineering choices towards the deployment of optical networks

• understand how to exploit the unique characteristics of the optical domain for networking applications, and which are the potential advantages of optical technologies in telecommunication networks with respect to electronic technologies

• establish a long-term collaboration between different partners, in terms of research, infrastructure sharing, education and training

• promote and organize activities to disseminate knowledge on optical networks, through coordinated publications, technical events, and interactions with other consortia in the same technical area

The NoE was articulated into two continuative phases: • e-Photon/ONe (Feb.2004 - March 2006)• e-Photon/ONe+ (March 2006 - Feb.2008)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

e-Photon/ONe+ Consortium

40 partner institutions with broad European coverage, coming from:

- 14 member states (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Poland, Portugal, UK)

- 2 candidate countries (Croatia, Turkey)- 1 associated country (Norway)

Consortium Composition:- 31 academic institutions- 3 telecom operators - 2 manufacturer - 4 non-profit research centers

~400 researchers actively involved in the NoE

Total budget: 3.750 K€ (in two years) following 2.900 K€ (for the first phase)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Consortium composition - I• Politecnico di Torino (PoliTO), Italy – Project Coordinator• Alcatel Italia S.p.A. (ALCATEL), Italy• Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna (DEIS-UNIBO), Italy• Fondazione Ugo Bordoni (FUB), Italy• Politecnico di Milano (PoliMI), Italy• Scuola Superiore di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento S. Anna (SSSUP), Italy• Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo (TID), Spain• Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain• Universdad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Spain• Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Spain• Universidad Politecnica de Valencia (UPV), Spain• Instituto de Telecomunicações (IT), Portugal• Groupe des Ecoles des Télécommunications (GET), France• France Telecom (FT), France• Faculté Polytechnique de Mons (FPMs), Belgium• IBBT (Ghent University) (IBBT), Belgium• Multitel (MULT), Belgium• Technical University of Eindhoven (TU/e), The Netherlands• Fujitsu Laboratories of Europe Ltd (FLE), United Kingdom• University of Southampton, Optoelectronics Research Centre (ORC-CC2), United

Kingdom

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Consortium composition - II• University College London (UCL), United Kingdom• University of Essex (UEssex), United Kingdom• Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU), Denmark• Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan (Royal Institute of Technology) (KTH), Sweden• Telenor ASA (TELENOR), Norway• Fraunhofer Gesellschaft, Heinrich Hertz Institute (Fraunhofer), Germany• Technische Universität Berlin (TUB), Germany• Universität Duisburg-Essen / Campus Duisburg (UDE), Germany• Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Communication Networks and Computer Engineering (UST-

IKR), Germany• Technische Universitaet Wien, Institute of Broadband Communications (TUW), Austria• Akademia Gorniczo-Hutnicza (AGH), Poland• Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME), Hungary • Sveuciliste u Zagrebu, Fakultet Elektrotehnike i Racunarstva (TELFER), Croatia• Research and Education Society in Information Technologies (AIT), Greece• Research Academic Computer Technology Institute (CTI), Greece• Institute of Communication and Computer Systems, National Technical University of Athens

(ICCS/NTUA), Greece• National and Kapodestrian University of Athens (UoA), Greece• University of Pelopennese, Tripoli (UoPelop), Greece• Bilkent Universitesi (BILKENT), Turkey• The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University of Cambridge (UCAM-DENG), UK

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Integration is the key objective

Integration goals• Strengthen contacts between partners• Focus research on optical networking• Stimulate exchanges of researchers and lecturers• Support knowledge management and circulation of

information• Sharing of research topics and activities• Sharing of lab infrastructures• Develop common educational programs• Support innovation management

The NoE is managed on the model of a university, with Virtual Departments [VDs] and specific Joint Projects [JPs]

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Virtual Departments

• Integration activities are organized in thematic structures called Virtual Departments (VDs)

• Viewing e-Photon/ONe+ as a large virtual European research structure (e.g. a university), it is possible to envisage different departments to which people affiliate according to topics. Departments have chairpersons who decide on the activities and the internal organization.

• Examples of activities: – coordination of similar existing research– editing of joint technical reports and papers – organization of workshops – encouraging mobility actions– coordination of teaching activities – coordination of proposals for new projects

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

e-Photon/ONe+ Virtual Departments and Chairs

Core Networks: Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols

Optical Switching Systems

Home Networks and Other Short-Reach Networks

Access Networks: Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols

Metro Networks: Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols

VD-C (UniBO)

VD-M(Telenor)

VD-A(Tu/e - UPC)

VD-H(UDE - PoliTO)

VD-S(DTU - CTI)

Transmission Techniques for Broadband Networks

VD-T(PoliTO)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Joint Projects

• Five joint research projects (JPs) have been defined. JPs are specific, short-term research activities, that may involve people from a single or multiple departments, just like the many research projects in which university staff people are often involved.

• Research activities in each JP are decided by e-Photon/ONe+ government bodies, and coordinated by the WP leader.

JPs are serving as an important step toward integration inside the NoE, providing to a large number of partnersan opportunity for interaction and accomplishment of common goals.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Current Joint Projects and JP leaders• JP-G (IBBT - UEssex): “Optical networking for grids and e-science” is

focused on how optical architectures can be adapted and extended to enable the efficient support of various grid services.

• JP-B (UAM): “Optical burst switching” pursues various OBS research issues, from physical layer to service aspects.

• JP-T (IT): “Dynamic and distributed optical monitoring and equalization” studies techniques suited to increase the reliability and performance of dynamic optical networks with respect to propagation impairments.

• JP-E (AIT): “Mitigation of optical transmission impairments by electronic means” studies how solutions utilizing electronic processing circuits implemented either at the transmitter or the receiver can efficiently mitigate linear and non-linear optical transmission impairments.

• JP-S (UoPelop): “Electro/optic switching architectures” aims at identifying blends of optical and electronic functions allowing an overall cost-effective switching architecture.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

15 WorkPackages

• WP-O (Coordination and Management): L. Fulci (PoliTO)

• WP-VD-C (VD on Core Networks): F. Callegati (DEIS-UniBo)

• WP-VD-M (VD on Metro Networks): E. Zouganeli (Telenor)

• WP-VD-A (VD on Access Networks): T. Koonen (Tu/e) & J. Prat (UPC)

• WP-VD-H (VD on Home Networks and Other Short-Reach Networks): D. Jaeger (UDE) & M. Gaudino (PoliTO)

• WP-VD-S (VD on Optical Switching Systems): L. Dittmann (DTU) & K. Vlachos (CTI)

• WP-VD-T (VD on Transmission): P. Poggiolini (PoliTO)

• WP-JP-G (JP on Optical networking for grids): M. Pickavet (IBBT) & D. Simenidou (UEssex)

• WP-JP-B (JP on Optical burst switching): J. Aracil (UAM)

• WP-JP-T (JP on dynamic optical networks ): A. Teixeira (IT)

• WP-JP-E (JP on optical transmission impairments by electronic means): I. Tomkos (AIT)

• WP-JP-S (JP on Electro/optic switching): A. Stavdas (UoPelop)

• WP-T (Teaching Activities): B. Mikac (TELFER)

• WP-L (Joint and Virtual Laboratories): A. Seeds (UCL)

• WP-D (Dissemination): M. O’Mahony (UEssex) & T. Politi (UoPelop)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Internal e-Photon/ONe+ organization• Coordinator: Fabio Neri• Project Office: EU Affairs Office, PoliTO• General Assembly, composed by all NoE partners• JPA Committee, the main decisional governing body,

comprising the following boards: – Integrating Activities Board– Joint Research Projects Board– Exchange and Mobility Board– Dissemination and Training Board

and panels:– Gender Issue Panel– Innovation and IPR Panel

• Quality Assurance Committee (composed by external members)

• Local Administrators and JPA representatives for each partner

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Management structure

 PROJECT OFFICE(PO)

 

JPA COMMITTEE

Integrating Activities

Board

Joint Research Project Board

Dissemination &

TrainingBoard

  GENERAL ASSEMBLY

 Local Administrators

 Local JPA representatives

 PROJECT COORDINATOR

Gender issue panel

Innovation & IPR panel

 

QualityAssurance Committee

NETWORK PARTNERS

Exchange & Mobility Board

 VD-x VD-y

Joint Project a

Joint Project bJoint projects

Virtual Departments

HEAD OF PO

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-O: Coordination and Management

Project Office

Coordination and Management

Leader: Laura Fulci, EU Affairs Office, Politecnico di Torino

Contact: e2-office@tlc.polito.it

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-O: Project Office Coordination and managementStructure: Project Office + WP leaders + Local Administrator

Activities: • WP-O-C (Coordination):

– Intermediary between contractors and CE – Coordination meetings organization– Reporting on mobility actions– Dissemination activities monitoring– Interactions with Collaborating Institutions– Teleconference tools and website supervision

• WP-O-M (Management): – Operational NoE management– Financial monitoring and reporting

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-VD-C WP-VD-C Optical Optical Core NetworksCore Networks

Franco Callegati

D.E.I.S. University of Bologna

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-VD-C: Optical Core Networks• Integrate and promote the research activity in the broad

area of core network design and analysis• Leader and Advisory Board

– Franco Callegati – franco.callegati@unibo.it– Javier Aracil (JP-B) – javier.aracil@unavarra.es– Josep Solè Pareta – pareta@ac.upc.es– Dimitra Simeonidou (JP-G) – dsimeo@essex.ac.uk– Luca Valcarenghi – valcarenghi@sssup.it– Lena Wosinska – lena@it.kth.se

• Partners involved• 114 members on Directory Server from 40 partners• 20 partners + 4 collaborating instit. contributing to joint activities

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-VD-C focus• Core Networks = big traffic flows

– Reliability and network survivability

– Traffic engineering and congestion resolution

– Control plane for fast resource allocation according to the user needs

• Part of these topics fall into • JP-B the internal project on Optical Burst Switching

• JP-G the internal project on Grids and service aware opitcal networks

• As a consequence VD-C mainly collects research in• OPS

• OTN (ASON, GMPLS, …)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

What are we doing

• Educational– Support material on topics related to Optical Core

Networks for the joint teaching activities

• Joint project proposals– Promote national and multi-national joint project

proposals

• Joint research– Coordinate research among partners

• Deliverables and key issues identification

– Pursue joint research tasks• Students and staff mobility

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Educational Activities• Support to collecting material for the common curriculum

– Optical Core Networks• 1st coordinator: Piero Castoldi• 2nd coordinator: Josep Solé Pareta

– Photonics in Switching• 1st coordinator: Lena Wosinska• 2nd coordinator: Carla Raffaelli

• OBS book– First draft with summary of content in 5 chapters collecting contributions

from 16 partners• Available on the e1+ web site under VD-C Working Area

– Proposal submitted to Cambridge University Press and currently under review

• Dr Philip Meyler: Publishing Director, Engineering, Mathematical and Physical Sciences

– Allocated a specific budget to support the editing effort

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Joint Project Proposals• Contribution to the new paradigms and network technologies for communications of

tomorrow (CON-PARTE). – Plan Nacional I+D+I (2004-2007). Programa Nacional de Tecnologia Electrica y

Comunicaciones”

– Partners: UPCT, UVI, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid

• Reconfigurable AppliCaTion-aware IP over Optical Network infrastructure (REACTION)

– UE FP7 1st call, STREP

– Partners: UAM, UoEssex, UoPeloponese, RACTI-Patras, IBM, Huawei, Cisco, TID, SSSUP, NextWorks

• Integrated Management and Control System for Next Generation Optical Networks– Swedish Research Council:

– Partners: The Royal Institute of Technology KTH, ACREO AB, The Lund Technical University LTH

• Physical Layer Impairment Aware Routing in Multi-Domain Multi-Granularity Optical Networks

– UE FP7 1st call, STREP

– Partners: Create-net (coordinator), KTH (Sweden), ACREO AB (Sweden), AIT (Greece), CTTC (Spain), Telefonica (Spain), Ericsson (UK)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Joint research ActivitiesActivity Title Partners

OBS Book

DEIS-UNIBO FUB PoliMI SSSUP TID UAM UC3M UPC UEssex KTH TELENOR TUB UST-IKR AGH AIT CTI

Congestion Resolution in Optical Burst/Packet Switching with Limited Wavelength Conversion

DEIS-UNIBO Optinova

Comparison of end-to-end packet ordering issues in synchronous and asynchronous Optical Packet Switching networks

UPC Ucartagena

Optimal wavelength selection in connection oriented OPS networks DEIS-UNIBO UPC Advanced connectivity service provisioning in GMPLS networks FUB SSSUP KTH Dynamic optical circuit-switched transport networks: study of the efficiency in IP transport and technical implementation of network solution

UPC FT AGH PUT

Multi-Layer MultiCast (MLMC) UC3M BME A Comparative Study of Single-layer and Multi-layer Traffic Engineering with Dynamic Logical Topology Construction

IBBT BME BILKENT

Prediction based routing for Multilayer Traffic engineering UPC IBBT Implementation and experimental verification of a multi-layer integrated routing scheme for traffic engineering

UPC UST-IKR

Impairment-Aware GMPLS Control Plane in Wavelength-Routed Networks SSSUP UPC FT KTH CTTC Survivability in all-optical wavelength switching networks PoliMI CTTC Multi-Domain p-Cycle and the Control Plane UC3M BME Multi-domain resilience issue UC3M IBBT

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Role of the JAs• Use acquired expertise to support new activities:

– One partner state the problem, another support the solution

• Compare different approaches– Provide insight into problems by comparing already existing

approaches

• Integrate expertise in different technical areas– Create a team of experts in different topics and tackle a problem

that none of them would be able to address alone

• Effects:– Start with a number of bi-lateral collaborations– Enlarge the bi-lateral collaborations into clusters of collaborating

partners– Create fully integrated multi-institution and distributed research

teams

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Activity 1 - The OBS Book• Motivation

– A large amount of work exists on congestion resolution in OPS

– Very little “engineering” suggestions

• Goal– Look at congestion resolution in OPS under a new perspective

• Results– Congestion resolution in the wavelength or time domain alone is always

worst than a combined approach

– Just one delay provides a great performance improvement• Define a formal term of “fair” comparison between alternative approaches

– Trivial: performance get worse as soon as the conversion capability is reduced

– Interesting result: with smart wavelength conversion techniques (VB), limited range conversion may perform better than full conversion

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Activity 2• Motivation

– Maintain packet order in OPS networks with a fixed packet size

• Goal– Evaluate the performance benefits vs. cost of using synchronization

stages to align packets at the switch inputs

• Background– Ordering when synch stages are used studied at UPCT– OPS switching systems studied at UPC

• Joint activity:– Propose a round-robin criteria for ordering in asynchronous networks– Propose a scheduler for output buffered architectures (like KEOPS) with

no synch stages that preserves packet sequence following the new criteria

– Compare the performance of synch /asynch approaches, and try to answer the question: when and how the synch stages pay?

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Activity 4• Motivation

– Qualified applications may benefit from the QoS-enabled services provided by GMPLS-based transport networks

– The GMPLS/OIF User to Network Interface (UNI) is not conceived for being directly invoked by applications

• Goals– Service Platform (SPF) to provision on-demand GMPLS services (e.g.,

LSP-MPLS, VPN L2, VPN L3 ) to applications

– Service Abstraction and Resource Virtualization

• Results– The support of the BGP/MPLS VPN provisioning to application by the

SPF prototype experimentally demonstrated

– Multi-Vendor routers interoperability tests for the provisioning of BGP/MPLS VPN services executed

– Deploying the SPF prototype within the ACREO testbed

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Activity 5• Motivation

– Shared Path Protection (SPP) promises more efficient use of the network resources and lower recovery time

• Background– CTTC is implementing SPP over the ADRENALINE all-optical network

testbed

– POLIMI has gained a wide experience on simulative comparison of different SPP approaches

• Aim: – investigate effects of outdated control information on SPP

– investigate requirements and algorithms to apply SPP without wavelength conversion

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Blocking Probability Pb

0,001

0,01

0,1

1

10

100

10--5

0,0001 0,001 0 01 0,1 1 10 100

Ar100Ar1 0Ar180

PBlock%

ritardo(s)

3 phases: 1°: outdated information does not influence performance (negligible delay)

2°: logaritmic increase of Pb for increasing delay

3°: Pb reaches a saturation value and is no more influenced by the delay

delay

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Activity 6• Motivation

– Inter-domain connections are are high-value and should be as reliable as possible

• Goals– Propose a p-cycle-based solution to protect inter-domain connections

• Background– Match UC3M expertise in multi-domain networking with BME experience

in p-cycle application to routing problems

• Summary of results– new inter-domain cycle planning method and intra-domain cycle-

resolution are proposed to achieve further reliability

– simulations prove the provided higher reliability and estimate the resource consumption on different topologies

– protocol issues of inter-domain protection are discussed and a PCE-based solution is proposed, in accordance with IETF recommendations

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Activity 7• Motivation

– MLMC investigates optimal multicast delivery over a two-layer optical network featuring traffic grooming

• Summary of results

• An analysis and modeling of the target network scenario has been carried out by BME

• BME has studied the problem of regular reconfiguration to deal with the degradation of the optical tree due to the dynamic nature of membership/demands.

• UC3M is addressing the control plane issues to enable seamless reconstruction and fitting the model to a real-world setting (IP multicast and L2VPN broadcast trees).

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Activity 8

UGent’s Multi-Layer TE Strategy: Lightpath Topology and IP/MPLS routes are calculated according to traffic expectation and updated periodically.

Bilkent’s Single-Layer TE Strategy: Static lightpath topology designed making use of traffic expectation. Dynamic IP/MPLS routes, LSPs are rerouted.

Blocking Ratios vs Traffic Unpredictibality

Number of lightpath changes vs. Hours in MTE strategy for a 10 node network

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23Hours

Ligh

tpat

h Ch

ange

s

A case study is constructed and two strategies are compared on a common platform

• + MTE has significantly better bandwidth blocking performance

• - Significant number of lightpath changes, i.e. set up and tear down (7.9 lightpaths per hour on a 10 node network)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Activity 10• Goals:

– study the possible approaches to encompass physical impairment parameters within GMPLS

– Physical impairment modeling

– Impairment-aware RWA algorithms

• Background– Integrate FT physical-layer modeling into SSSUP signaling-

based approach for impairment-aware RWA

– Use of FT physical layer modeling to enhance CTTC's single link parameter modeling for impairment-aware RWA

– Compare the SSSUP signaling-based and CTTC routing-based approaches taking into account the same impairment information

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Preliminary results FT modeling applied to SSSUP’s signaling-based approach

• Considered physical impairments (so far): PMD, CD, Noise, Non-linear Phase Shifting

• OSNR threshold to evaluate the quality of the signal

• Signaling-based approach: impairment-unaware routing computation and dynamic evaluation of the Signal Quality during the signaling. Successive set up attempt may be required.

• Preliminary results in realistic scenario show the significant blocking probability reduction already at the second set up attempt

1

23

5

4

6

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Durable Integration• VDs are paving the road towards durable integration by

– Promoting joint research activities (JAs)– Identify new key research topics– Create common expertise and methodology

• Joint Research Activities (JAs) are key to “integration”– Quality and quantity of research improved

• Qualified outputs: joint papers and research tools• Several outputs would not be achievable without collaboration

• Common expertise and methodologies are a first step of integration– Strengthened mutual knowledge

• Favour mobility

– Learn to delegate problems to others• Share tools and instruments

• Re-focusing of research is a longer term effect of integration– See further together than the isolated groups can see isolated

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Joint Papers (03/2006 - 02/2007)• G. Sousa Pavani (UniCamp), H. Waldman (UniCamp), F. Callegati (DEIS-UNIBO), A. Campi (DEIS-UNIBO), W.

Cerroni (DEIS-UNIBO), Adaptive Routing in Optical Packet Switching Networks using Ant Colony Optimization, Proc. of ICT 2006, Funchal, Madeira island, Portugal, May 2006.

• F. Callegati (DEIS-UNIBO), J. Aracil (UaM), L. Wosinska (KTH), N. Andriolli (SSSUP), D. Careglio (UPC), A. Giorgetti (SSSUP), J. Fdez-Palacios (TID), C. Gauger (UST-IKR), M. Klinkowski (UPC), O. Gonzales de Dios (TID), G. Hu (UST-IKR), E. Karasan (BILKENT), F. Matera (FUB) H. Overby (TELENOR), C. Raffaelli (DEIS-UNIBO), L. Rea (FUB), N. Sengezer (BILKENT), M. Tornatore (POLIMI), K. Vlachos (CTI), Research on Optical Core Networks in the e-Photon/ONe Network of Excellence, IEEE Infocom 2006, Barcelona, Spain, April 2006.

• E. Bonada (Universitat Pompeu Fabra), F. Callegati (DEIS-UNIBO), D. Careglio (UPC), W. Cerroni (DEIS-UNIBO), M. Klinkowski (UPC), G. Muretto (DEIS-UNIBO), C. Raffaelli (DEIS-UNIBO), J. Solé-Pareta (UPC), SCWS technique for QoS support in connection-oriented optical packet switching network, ICTON 2006, Nottingham, UK, June 2006.

• T. Cinkler (BME), J. Szigeti (BME), D. Larrabeiti (UC3M), Towards Optimal Routing in Heterogeneous Optical Networks, ICTON 2006, Nottingham, UK, June 2006.

• J. Aracil (UAM), J. Alberto Hernandez (UAM), K. Vlachos (CTI), E. Varvarigos (CTI), Jitter-based analysis and discussion of burst assembly algorithms, Workshop on Optical Burst Switching, San Jose, CA, October 2006.

• F. Callegati (DEIS-UNIBO), W. Cerroni (DEIS-UNIBO), L. H. Bonani (UniCamp), F. R. Barbosa (UniCamp), E. Moschim (UniCamp), G. Pavani (UniCamp), Congestion Resolution in Optical Burst/Packet Switching with Limited Wavelength Conversion, Proc. of IEEE Globecom 2006, San Francisco, CA, USA, November 2006.

• S. Gunreben (UST-IKR), S. Spadaro (UPC), S. P. Josep (UPC), A Unified Model for Bandwidth Adaptation in Next Generation Transport Networks, Proceedings of the 1st IEEE International Workshop on Bandwidth on Demand, San Francisco, CA, November 2006.

• R. Martínez (CTTC), C. Pinart (CTTC), N. Andriolli (SSSUP), L. Valcarenghi (SSSUP), P. Castoldi (SSSUP), L. Wosinska (KTH), J. Comellas (UPC), G. Junyent (UPC), Challenges and Requirements for Introducing Impairment-Awareness into the Management and Control Planes of ASON/GMPLS WDM Networks, IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 44, No. 12, pp. 76 - 85, December 2006.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Virtual Department M (VD-M)

Metro Networks

-

Technologies, Architectures and Protocols

Leader: Evi Zouganeli, Telenor R&IContact: evi.zouganeli@telenor.com

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-M: Metro Networks Technologies, Architectures and Protocols

Trends with significant influence on metro• introduction of VDSL ADSL2+ and FTTH

• Fixed Mobile Convergence

• packet based technologies dominating transport

• requirement for seamless access across last mile technologies irrespective of location and terminal (anywhere any time)

Metro characteristics• end-client proximity highly dynamic traffic patterns

relatively low degree of aggregation

• a number of services and interfaces, new broadband services• requirements for large bandwidth and for large flexibility• availability of fibre and of several diverse players in the metro market• public, business and private segment

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-M: Metro Networks Technologies, Architectures and Protocols

Key Technical Issues defined by VD-M:

• Architectures, topologies and components for advanced metro

• Traffic engineering issues and approaches towards an efficient bandwidth allocation and provision of guaranteed services

• Optical packet switched network solutions for metro

• Metro-access interface – technologies and protocols enabling transparency

• Management, control and interoperability of advanced metro nets

• Cost efficient solutions, components and technologies

• Strategies towards optical metro

• Metro network evolution, migration studies and techno-economics

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

• Traffic engineering and topology design in metro networks (leader: Filippo Cugini)

• Optical Metro Ethernet (leader: András Kern)

• A Comparative Study of Single-layer and Multi-layer Traffic Engineering with Dynamic Logical Topology Construction(leader: Namik Sengezer)

• Optical Packet Switched MANs (leader:Jorge Finochietto)

• Multicast VPN service in next-generation metro networks (leader: David Larrabeiti)

• All Optical Technologies for Signal Regeneration, frequency conversion and multicasting.( leader: Giorgio Maria Tosi Beleffi)

VD-M: Metro Networks Technologies, Architectures and Protocols

Running Joint Activities in VD-M:

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Virtual Department A (VD-A)

Access Networks

-

Technologies, Architectures and Protocols

Leaders: Ton Koonen, Eindhoven University of Technology

Josep Prat, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya

Contact: a.m.j.koonen@tue.nl

jprat@tsc.upc.es

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-A: Access Networks Technologies, Architectures and Protocols

The big questions:

• Low-cost optical multiplexing techniques, for converged integrated access

• Dynamic allocation of capacity

• Handling of IP-based traffic, QoS differentiated

• Low-cost optical network termination modules

• Low-cost network infrastructure techniques

• Network protection strategies

• Fibre-wireless techniques

• Remote powering techniques (for ONTs)

• Medium access control protocols

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-A: Access Networks Technologies, Architectures and Protocols

Research Task Areas

T1 Access Network Architectures- Network protection strategies- Network migration- Dynamic network reconfiguration- Hybrid access (fibre-DSL, fibre-coax, fibre-wireless, …)- Interfacing with Metro and Home networks- Techno-economic analysis

T2 Access Network System Techniques- Colourless ONU- Modulation formats- Radio over fibre- Wavelength routing- Reach extension and higher split

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-A: Access Networks Technologies, Architectures and Protocols

Research Task Areas (cont.)

T3 Access Network Protocols- MAC- protection- Traffic analysis

T4 Access Network Lab trials and Field Tests- Integration of modules and control systems- Multi-service multi-access test bed

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-A: Access Networks Technologies, Architectures and Protocols

Working methods:- Joint research on topics of common interest- Mobility of researchers (exchange programmes)- Joint publications (a.o.)- Joint project proposals, e.g. for FP7- Workshops (e.g. at ECOC)- Interaction with other e1+ VD-s,

a.o. VD-Home Networks, VD-Metro

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-A: Access Networks Technologies, Architectures and Protocols

Results up to now:- >5 researcher exchange programmes- >26 joint papers- joint book on Next Generation PON- 2 public deliverables- >4 joint project proposals in FP7 Call 1- 1 shared infrastructure- 5 workshops

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-VD-HWP-VD-H ”Home Networks and Other

Short-Reach Networks”

Dieter Jäger - UDE

Roberto Gaudino – PoliTo

contact: dieter.jaeger@uni-due.de

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-H: Objectives

• Creation of a Virtual Department that will integrate and promote the research activity in the broad area of design and analysis of home and short-reach networks. Partners with a history of excellence in the field of technologies, architectures and protocols for home and short-reach networks based on optical technologies will participate in VD-H.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-H: Technical Approach

Low-Cost Home Network

FTTX Optical Network Unit:

• CATV• Ethernet• VoIP

(Source: BKtel Communications GmbH) (Picture: Sony Corp.)

POF

RoF

UWB

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-H: Key Technical Issues

Transporting broadband signals through multimode fibres

Extending the capacity of optical fibre in-house networks

Devising fibre-wireless techniques

Interfacing the in-house network

Monitoring applications

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-H: Tasks 1+2Task 1• Objectives: Transport of BB signals using MMF – GOF

and (large core) POF• Description of work: Research on potential of MMF; 10

GE on GOF; compare optical with wireless solutions; availability of techniques from the automotive sector; MUX and MOD techniques; electronic compensation of dispersion

Task 2• Objectives: Radio-over-fibre systems (RoF)• Description of work: RoF over MMF/POF; QoS of WiFi

access; fibre to WiFi picocell; WDM RoF for access; microwace signal processing

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-H: Tasks 3+4

Task 3• Objectives: Interfacing the in-house network

• Description of work: Wireless vs. optical; POF access; access for digital terrestrical TV; RoF for access; interfacing HAN and PON; FTTH and HAN

Task 4• Objectives: Monitoring applications

• Description of work: Market and trend anaysis

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-H: Ongoing Projects in 2007

Description Partners involved

Full development of an analytic model for the evaluation of the linear frequency response of a multimode fiber link

Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M)Universitat Politécnica de Valencia (UPVLC)Technical University of Eindhoven (TUE)University of Duisburg-Essen (UDE)University of Athens (UoA)

Ultra-fast Photodiode Evaluation University of Duisburg-Essen (UDE) Univeristy College of London (UCL)

Design of a MUX and VOA to be used in GI-POF CWDM networks in different transmission applications

Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UPVLC) GET-ENST

Analysing in-home sensing applications which will be benefited by using POF

Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UPVLC) Universitaet Duisburg-Essen

"Brainstorming" on future architectures for in-house networksPolitecnico di Torino (POLITO)France Telecom (FT)

Research on electronic dispersion compensation for multimode and plastic optical fibers, experimental demonstration on FPGA

Politecnico di Torino (POLITO) University of Atherns (UoA)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-H: Systems for Local Networks

Source: E-Photon/One+ D.VD-H.2, March 2007

Transmission System

Bluetooth WLAN WLAN/UWB Powerline i.Link, (IEEE 1394a)

LAN (Ethernet Coaxial cable)

GOF (glass optical fiber)

PMMA-POF (plastic optical fiber

PF-POF (perfluor-inated POF)

Gross Datarate currently up to 3 Mbit/s

currently up to 54 Mbit/s

currently up to 1 GBit/s

200 MBit/s up to 400 Mbit/s (flaring considered)

1 Gbit/s > 10 Gbit/s

100 Mbit/s

10 Gbit/s

Reach 10m-100m

ca. 40m ca. 10m ca. 30m ca. 4,5m (“Daisy Chains” up to 72m)

ca. 100m >10km ca. 100m ca. 100m

Mobility medium up to high

high - -- -- (cable bounded)

-- (cable bounded)

-- (cable bounded)

-- (cable bounded)

-- (cable bounded)

Reliability poor poor (gradable by multiple antenna systems (MIMO))

medium (because of frequency diversity)

poor (because of time-dependent network topology)

very high very high very high very high very high

Installation Effort/Complexity

low low low low low high very high medium high

Security of Wiretapping

low low low low very high high very high very high very high

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-H: Bandwidth Requirements

bandwidth requirement (Downlink) per household enabled with different access technology

0

5

10

15

20

25

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

year

band

wid

th in

Mbi

t/s

ISD

N /

M

odem

AD

SL

/ D

OC

SIS

2.0

AD

SL

2*

/VD

SL

/ D

OC

SIS

3.0

FT

TH

Source: Fraunhofer Institut Nachrichtentechnik HHI

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Virtual Department S (VD-S)

Optical Switching Systems

Leaders: Lars Dittmann COM-DTU

Kyriakos Vlachos, RACTI/UPATRAS

Contact: ld@com.dtu.dk, kvlachos@ceid.upatras.gr

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Project Steps - Action Tasks

VD-S: Optical Switching

List of VD-S key issues and planned activities PARTNERS

Joint Activity Proposals

Yearly VD-S technical report

PARTNERS

European Commission

16 partners involved

DTU NTUA UEssex SSSUP UPCT PoliTo AIT UPATRAS

UNIBO TUW IBBT KTH PoliMi GET ORC UPV

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

• Task 2– Optical Multicast

Architecture– Optical Packet

Compression– OCDM encoders/decoders– 2R Regeneration– Optical flip-flops– Optical packet switching

VD-S: Optical Switching - Research Topics

• Task 3– Hybrid Switch Architectures – GMPLS optical switch nodes– Contention Resolution Schemes– Optical Buffering– OTDM time-slot switching– Multi-wavelength regeneration

• Task 1– Wavelength Conversion– Recovery Switching– Quality of Service in switches– Optical Signal Monitoring– Physical Impairment Based

Switching– Optical Clock Recovery– Wavelength Conversion by

nonlinear effects

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Joint Activities between partners

Optical Switching Architectures

Study of Hybrid Optical Switch Architectures

Switch and Buffer Architecture using Quantum Dot (QD) SOAs

Tutorial on Optical Switching Technologies and Architectures

Demonstration and evaluation of a novel all-optical packet envelope detection circuit

Experimental demonstration of a simple all-optical clock recovery scheme

Mask design for an integrated optic chip dedicated to a header recognition scheme

Optoelectronic clock recovery

QoS in all-optical networks

Design and modelling of new all-optical architectures for contention resolution in AOLS nodes

Multi-domain Quality-of-Service in Optical Networks

PARTNERS:AIT (3)RACTI (4)Unibo (2)Polimi (1)Polito (1)IBBT (3)COM (3)NTUA (3) GET (3)TuE (1)SSSUP (1)UPVLC (1)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Research Example:JA2- Hybrid Optical Burst Switching - HOBS- Architecture

• Pure Packet Switching– big IP routers– processing overhead– max transmission resource sharing– poor scalability, good flexibility

• Wavelength Switching (ASON)– reduced packet handling– low transmission resource efficiency– good scalability, mediocre flexibility

• Hybrid Switching – combines wavelength and packet

switching– is based on ASON managed

interconnections– ASON reacts to long term traffic pattern

variations by reconfiguring the wavelength paths

– enables full sharing of all wavelengths on a link

P2P WDM P2P WDM

P2P WDM

AB

C

D

P2POpaque

OXC OXC

OXC

AB

C

D

Transparent

Hybrid Optical Switch Hybrid

Optical Switch

Hybrid Optical Switch

AB

C

D

On Demand P2P

OXC

IP router

ORIONRx, Tx

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

HOBS Concept

• Node s0 sends a SETUP message to sh, to reserve resources• After a small time-offset s0 transmits a burst of BE data to sh

• If reservation succeeds Circuit Switched (CS) data arrive at least a round trip time later. This applies to all nodes.

• When node si receives the SETUP message, it reserves an outgoing wavelength, it forwards the SETUP packet and the following bursts and (possibly) adds is own burst (s)

Research Example:JA2- Hybrid Optical Burst Switching - HOBS- Architecture

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

SETUP Message Format

• The SETUP message, apart from establishing the optical circuit, carries information regarding bursts that follow

• Information is organized in triplets {B, T0, D} one per data burst, for encoding each burst’s size, time-offset from the setup message, and destination

Research Example:JA2- Hybrid Optical Burst Switching - HOBS- Architecture

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

HOBS Switch Architecture

Hardware Additions:• 1 set of 1x2 and 2x1

switches per fiber for inserting / extracting bursts

• 1 set of receivers and transmitters (tunable)

HOBS Agent:• It calculates the idle

time for best-effort data transmissions

• It contains a Buffer for storing BE data and a Traffic Scheduler that controls the switches

Research Example:JA2- Hybrid Optical Burst Switching - HOBS- Architecture

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

(a) Burst loss ratio and (b) average packet delay versus burst arrival rate for the three different policies defined.

Burst Loss Ratio, λOCS=16, WL=8

0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

0,8

0 200 400 600 800Burst Arrival Rate, λOBS

policy1

policy2

policy3

Packet Delay (sec), λOCS, WL=8

0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0 200 400 600 800

Burst Arrival Rate, λOBS

policy1

policy2

policy3

(a)

(b)

Bit-Rate (Mbps), λOCS=16, WL=8

020406080

100120140160180200

0 200 400 600 800

Burst Arrival Rate, λOBS

policy1

policy2

policy3

Burst Sending Rate (burst/sec), λOCS=16, WL=8

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

0 200 400 600 800

Burst Arrival Rate, λOBS

policy1

policy2

policy3

(a)

(b)

(a) Efficient bit-rate over a specific source-destination pair and (b) Burst sending rate from a single source to all destinations for the three different policies defined

Research Example:JA2- Hybrid Optical Burst Switching - HOBS- Architecture

Results

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Tx80/160Gb/s

EYE(EO, Q)

3 dB

DeMUX(10 Gb/s)

λ = 1557 nm

λ = 1542, 1547, 1550 nm10, 14, 18 dBm

detuned filters

Research Example:All-optical high speed converter based on XPM in HNLF

Objective:Characterisation and performance evaluation of the wavelength converter using XPM in a HNLF and detuned filters.

Principle of operation:Data pulses induce by XPM an instantaneous frequency shift* over the CW-signal.With filters detuned from the CW-wavelength, those frequency shifts are filtered, where the pattern coincides with the original data pattern (wavelength conversion)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

• Performance degradation effects:

• cross-talk by the CW “carrier” CW should be suppressed as much as possible with detuning the filters

• for high detuning cross-talk either with the original data signal or with the FWM-product may affect.

• low power for high detuning values (decreased efficiency)

• walk-off for large separations between data- and CW-wavelength

• for high data powers spectral broadening due to SPM.

• Parameters under research:

• Data-signal power

• Filter-detuning

• CW-power

• CW-wavelength

Research Example: All-optical high speed converter based on XPM in HNLF

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Results for different filters and their detunings varying data power

2 4 6 8 10 12 14

3,5

4,0

4,5

5,0

5,5

6,0

6,5

7,0

7,5

8,0

8,5

9,0

Detuning: 1 nm DiCon-filters (CW: 1547 nm, 14 dBm)

Q (

dB

)

- 0,8 nm - 1.0 nm - 1.5 nm - 2.0 nm - 2.5 nm - 3.0 nm - 3.5 nm - 4.0 nm

2 4 6 8 10 12 143,5

4,0

4,5

5,0

5,5

6,0

6,5

7,0

7,5

8,0

8,5

9,0

9,5

10,0

Detuning: 2 nm Tecos filters (CW: 1547 nm, 14 dBm)

Q (

dB

)

- 1.0 nm - 1.5 nm - 2.0 nm - 2.5 nm - 3.0 nm - 3.5 nm - 4.0 nm

Q (

dB

)

4 6 8 10 12 14

4,0

4,5

5,0

5,5

6,0

6,5

7,0

7,5

8,0

8,5

9,0

Detuning: 3 nm Santec filters (CW: 1547 nm, 14 dBm)

Data power (dBm)

- 1.0 nm - 1.5 nm - 2.0 nm - 2.5 nm - 3.0 nm - 3.5 nm - 4.0 nm

2 4 6 8 10 12 143,5

4,0

4,5

5,0

5,5

6,0

6,5

7,0

7,5

8,0

8,5

9,0

Detuning: 5 nm Tecos filters (CW: 1547 nm, 14 dBm)

Q (

dB

)

Data power (dBm)

- 1.5 nm - 2.0 nm - 2.5 nm - 3.0 nm - 3.5 nm - 4.0 nm - 4.5 nm - 5.0 nm

Research Example: All-optical high speed converter based on XPM in HNLF

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

14 15 16 17 18 19 20-20

-15-10-50

510

Bac

k-re

fl.(d

Bm

)

CW-power (dBm)

Brillouin Scattering

4 6 8 10 12 14

5,5

6,0

6,5

7,0

7,5

8,0

8,5

9,0

9,5

Detuning: - 2.0 nm (2 nm Tecos filters) for different CW-power/-WLs

Q (

dB

)

Data power (dBm)

14 dBm, 1542 nm 14 dBm, 1547 nm 14 dBm, 1550 nm 10 dBm, 1547 nm 18 dBm, 1547 nm

Influence of CW-power and –wavelength, spectral broadening and cross-talk

Conclusions:- Limited pulse width for narrow filters (1 and 2 nm)- Limitation for very high CW-powers (Brillouin scattering, although CW has been dithered with a low frequency)- Eye and Q-factor measurements suggest stable error-free operation at 80 and 160 Gb/s

1530 1540 1550 1560

-50

0

Spectral broadening and FWM for high data input powers

Am

plitu

de (

dBm

)

Wavelength (nm)

8 dBm 13 dBm

Research Example:All-optical high speed converter based on XPM in HNLF

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Research Example: Packet Envelope Detection in an AOLS node

Exploit Fabry-Pérot filter memory effect SOA-MZI gate equalizer

Experimental Setup

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

The activity was completed in two phases

Phase 1: physical layer simulation using developed model for commercially available SOA-Mach-Zehnder interferometric gates in order to determine optimum points of operation for various operating conditions

Phase 2: A joint experiment was carried at NTUA premises to verify simulation results.

Research Example: Packet Envelope Detection in an AOLS node

Simulation ProcessSimulation Process

The all-optical PED subsystem was simulated using the commercially-available simulation tool VPI.

The simulations were based on NTUA’s model of CIP’s commercially available SOA-MZI gate.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

•SOA gain response when operated at (a) 200 mA and (b) 300 mA. Recovery time measurements (c) provided by supplier and (d) using the simulation model.

Research Example: Packet Envelope Detection in an AOLS node

Sim

ula

tio

n M

od

el

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

ExperimentExperiment The experimental validation of the simulation analysis took place at NTUA

premises. The circuit was tested with variable length data packets both at 10 and 40 Gb/s

(NRZ and RZ respectively).

Research Example: Packet Envelope Detection in an AOLS node

Incoming Packets Packet Envelope

@10 Gb/sNRZ

@40 Gb/sRZ

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

VD-S: Optical Switching - Partners

RACTI/UPATRAS

Universidad Politécnica

de Valencia (UPVLC)

ICCS/NTUA

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-VD-T WP-VD-T Transmission Techniques Transmission Techniques

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Objectives

• VD-T primarily aimed at:

– stimulating– fostering– coordinating – integrating

the research activity and“consensus” initiatives

of those NoE researchers whose primary field of expertise isoptical transmission for broadband networks

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Partners involved1. Politecnico di Torino2. Vienna University of Technology 3. National Technical University of

Athens4. Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya5. University College London6. University of Athens7. Instituto de Telecomunicações 8. Budapest University of Technology

and Economics 9. Fondazione Ugo Bordoni10. Technische Universiteit Eindhoven 11. Groupe des Ecoles de

Telecommunications12. Politecnico di Milano13. Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan 14. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia 15. France Telecom

16. University of Peloponnese

17. Multitel18. AIT19. Faculte Polytechnique de

Mons20. Universidad Carlos III

de Madrid 21. The University of

Southampton 22. Research Academic

Computer Technology Institute

23. Fraunhofer Institute24. University of Essex

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Advisory Board

WP Leader: Pierluigi Poggiolini (POLITO) - pierluigi.poggiolini@polito.it

Antonio Teixeira (IT) - teixeira@ua.pt

Robert Killey (UCL) - r.killey@ee.ucl.ac.uk

Josep Prat (UPC) - jprat@tsc.upc.es

Periklis Petropoulos (ORC-CC2) - pp@orc.soton.ac.uk

Erwan Pincemin (FT) - erwan.pincemin@orange-ftgroup.com

Ioannis Tomkos (AIT) - itom@ait.edu.gr

Michel Morvan (ENST) - Michel.Morvan@enst-bretagne.fr

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Technical Scope

• VD-T is concerned with transmission techniques in most segments of communications networks, including:

– access– metro– backbone

• Among the many topics of interest:– 40 and 100 Gbit/s transmission (and beyond)– new formats, including multilevel and POLMUX– electrical mitigation of impaiments by

pre-compensation (at TX) or post-compensation at (RX)

– optical mitigation/compensation, including regeneration

– monitoring techniques (OSNR, CD, PMD, BER, non-linearity, etc.) and their integration into the network

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Technical Reports• Extensive Technical Reports on the following topics are

available on the website. Group Coordinators are shown:

– (a) coherent systems Josep Prat

– (b) regeneration Periklis Petropoulos

– (c) low cost MAN systems Michel Morvan

– (d) retro-fitting existing 10G systems for increased capacity Pierluigi Poggiolini

– (e) electronic dispersion and PMD compensation/mitigation Dimitrios Klonidis

– (f) OFDM techniques for access/MAN/Long-haul Robert Killey

– (g) comparison between electronic and optical monitoring/compensation techniques Antonio Teixeira

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Accomplished Joint Activities

3 Plenary Meetings

4 Technical workshops

2 Mobility Surveys

10 Mobility Actions

7 Technical Reports

20 Joint Research Papers

3 Joint Proposals for FP7 Projects

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Workshops• Joint VD-T, JP-E and JP-T Technical Workshop on

“Joint Research and Mobility Proposals” – Paris, at project kick-off meeting, May 29th 2006 – 10 delivered talks, all presentations uploaded on the e-Photon/ONe+ website

• Joint VD-T, JP-E and JP-T Technical Workshop on

“Optical signal quality monitoring and impairment mitigation technologies” – Athens (at AIT), September 6th 2006– 7 delivered talks, all presentations uploaded on the e-Photon/ONe+ website

• Joint VD-T, JP-E and JP-T Technical Workshop on

“Promoting Collaboration, Mobility and FP7 Consortia”– Barcelona (at UPC), February 27th 2006, – 8 delivered talks, all presentations uploaded on the e-Photon/ONe+ website

• Joint VD-T, JP-E and JP-T Technical Workshop on

“Advanced Transmission Technologies”– Brest (at ENST), July 16th 2007

• ultra-high speed transmission techniques (40 to 160 Gbit/s, 100 GE)• (ultra)-long-haul no-dispersion-compensation transmission• optical regeneration• advanced monitoring techniques

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Joint project G (JP-G)

Optical networking for gridsand e-science

Leaders: Dimitra Simeonidou, University of Essex & Mario Pickavet, Ghent University – IBBT

Contact: dsimeo@essex.ac.uk Mario.Pickavet@intec.UGent.be

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Grid computing

CollaborativeProblem Solving

Networked Infrastructure

Source: Volker Sanders

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Motivation for optical grids

– Data-intensive applications require transfers and/or processing of Terabytes or even Petabytes and soon Exabytes of data

– Applications requiring BW allocation on demand or application driven scheduled reservation

LHC

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Joint activities & involved partners

• QoS-aware burst aggregation algorithms for Grid applications

– UoEssex, UAM, RACTI, AIT

• QoS-aware fault tolerance in optical global grid computing

– SSSUP, AGH

• Grid optical user network interface architecture– UoEssex, AIT, UPC

serv

ices

inte

rfac

e

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Joint activities & involved partners

• Dynamic resource allocation in circuit switched QoS-aware photonic networks for grid services

– AGH, Telfer

• Grid optical burst switched network– UoEssex, BUPT, RACTI, UoPelop, Bilkent

• Hybrid OCS/OBS grid architecture– IBBT, RACTI, UoEssex, SSSUP

• Job anycast routing in photonic grids– IBBT, AIT, RACTI

• Application enabled optical router architectures– UoPelop, DEIS

arch

itec

ture

spec

ific

issu

es

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Example: test-bed control and signalling layer

OBS Routing

Scheduling

SIGNALING

SIGNALING

Resource Management

OBESControl Channel

@ 2.5Gbps

Data Channels

Data Channels

SIGNALING

PARSER

CoS Aggregation

Scheduling

IP-Traffic Generator

SIGNALING

OBS @ 2.5Gbps

Resource Discovery

IP OBS

PARSER

CoS

Scheduling

Resource Discovery

IPOBS

OBS @ 2.5GbpsIP-Traffic Generator

Segregation

Edge Node 1 Core Node Edge Node 2

OBESControl Channel

@ 2.5Gbps

Application-aware Proxy

Middleware

Application-aware Proxy

Middleware

OBS Routing

Scheduling

SIGNALING

SIGNALING

Resource Management

OBESControl Channel

@ 2.5Gbps

Data Channels

Data Channels

SIGNALING

PARSER

CoS Aggregation

Scheduling

IP-Traffic Generator

SIGNALING

OBS @ 2.5Gbps

Resource Discovery

IP OBS

PARSER

CoS

Scheduling

Resource Discovery

IPOBS

OBS @ 2.5GbpsIP-Traffic Generator

Segregation

Edge Node 1 Core Node Edge Node 2

OBESControl Channel

@ 2.5Gbps

Application-aware Proxy

Middleware

Application-aware Proxy

Middleware

• Overlay network architecture utilizing SIP over OBS

• It incorporates two OBS Edge Routers and one Core Router

• Equipped with Grid-aware SIP Proxies on top of the test-bed operates in full-duplex mode.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Example: test-bed physical layer

OBS Physical Layer Implementation OBS Physical Layer Implementation

IP

TRAFFIC

Edge Router 1 Control Plane

SG-DBR

MZM

PIN

AWG

coupler

Data Plane

JDS

BURST ASSEMBLY

Tx

Rx

CDR

WAU

SIPU

JCS

WAS

MZM

DFB

BCH GENERATION

PINCDR

WAU

Tx

Rx

OPTICAL CROSS-POINT

SWITCH

Core Router Control Plane

MZM

DFB

PINCDR

WAU

HP

HRI

MZM

DFB

PIN

CDR

WAU

HP

HRI

Edge Router 2 Control Plane

HP

CDR

WAU

DFB

MZM

DFB

PIN

CDR

WAU

SIPU

BURST ASSEMBLY

BCH

coupler

coupler

coupler

coupler

coupler

coupler

coupler

coupler

λ2

λ3λ4

λ8

MZMHRI

PIN

2.5 Gbps

2.5 Gbps

λ5

λ2, λ5

λ3, λ8λ4, λ8

λ1, λ5,

λ6, λ7

2.5 Gbps

2.5 Gbps

2.5 Gbps

2.5 Gbps

λ3

Port 1

Port 2

Port 3

Port 4

λ4

λ8

λ8

λ5

λ2

IP

TRAFFIC

Edge Router 1 Control Plane

SG-DBR

MZM

PIN

AWG

coupler

Data Plane

JDS

BURST ASSEMBLY

Tx

Rx

CDR

WAU

SIPU

JCS

WAS

MZM

DFB

BCH GENERATION

PINCDR

WAU

Tx

Rx

OPTICAL CROSS-POINT

SWITCH

Core Router Control Plane

MZM

DFB

PINCDR

WAU

HP

HRI

MZM

DFB

PIN

CDR

WAU

HP

HRI

Edge Router 2 Control Plane

HP

CDR

WAU

DFB

MZM

DFB

PIN

CDR

WAU

SIPU

BURST ASSEMBLY

BCH

coupler

coupler

coupler

coupler

coupler

coupler

coupler

coupler

λ2

λ3λ4

λ8

MZMHRI

PIN

2.5 Gbps

2.5 Gbps

λ5

λ2, λ5

λ3, λ8λ4, λ8

λ1, λ5,

λ6, λ7

2.5 Gbps

2.5 Gbps

2.5 Gbps

2.5 Gbps

λ3

Port 1

Port 2

Port 3

Port 4

λ4

λ8

λ8

λ5

λ2

SIP Proxy SIP Proxy

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

ECOC workshop

(Berlin, Sept. 16, 2007, 2-6 PM)

Networks for IT: a new opportunity for optical network technologies

organised by:

Dimitra Simeonidou, UoEssex

Mario Pickavet, UGent - IBBT

Anna Tzanakaki, AIT

Ioannis Tomkos, AIT

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Joint Project B (WP-B)

Optical Burst Switching

-Technologies, Architectures and

Protocols

Leader: Javier Aracil, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

Contact: javier.aracil@uam.es

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

• Control and data information travel separately on different channels• Data coming from legacy networks are aggregated into a burst unit in edge node• The control packet is sent first in order to reserve the resources in intermediate nodes• The burst follows the control packet with some offset time, and it crosses the nodes

remaining in the optical domain

OBS network

WDM linksLegacy networks

Control channels

Data channels

offset

...

OBS node

Burst size: kB ÷ MB

Switching times:

ms ÷ s

Out-of-band signal.

Reserv. manager

Assembly manager

WP-B: Optical Burst Switching

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-B: Optical Burst Switching

Research Topics

• Network architectures• Switch designs• Signaling and scheduling• Routing• Burstification algorithms• Performance evaluation• TCP over OBS• Quality of service in OBS• Physical layer issues

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Achievements: summary

Conference papers submitted (accepted)

9 (5)

Journal papers submitted (accepted) 2 (1)

Joint project proposals 1

Presentations and tutorials 2

Journal submissions planned > 2

Conference submissions planned >4

Mobility actions performed 7

Mobility actions planned 2

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

OBS simulation activities (JA1)

NS-2 simulator

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Analytical work (JA11)

System Queueing Diagram

State

Transition

Diagram

Analytical and Simulation

Results

00000

01000

02000

10000

11000

12000

20000

21000

22000

00100

01100

02100

10100

11100

12100

20100

21100

22100

00010

01010

02010

10010

11010

12010

20010

21010

22010

00110

01110

02110

10110

11110

12110

20110

21110

22110

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Protocols for multicast OBS (JA9)

BHP [A,B,C,D,E,F]

A

B

C D

E

[A]

[B,C]

[D,E,F]

[B,C,D,E,F]

unsupported

supported

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Testbeds (JA7)

Edge router hardware implementation

• High Speed FPGA that operates up to 3.125Gbps

– 2x1GE Interfaces

• Fast and agile tunable laser able to tune between all 100 GHz ITU-T C-Band wavelengths in less than 100ns

Core router implementation• Optical Crosspoint Switch (OXC) operating in

20ns• Just-In-Time enabled FPGA

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Achievements: Conferences1. TCP traffic analysis for timer-based burstifiers in OBS networks, Kostas

Ramantas, Kyriakos Vlachos, Óscar González de Dios and Carla Raffaelli, submitted to ONDM 2007

2. “Blocking Analysis of Synchronous Buffer-less Optical Burst Switches with Shared Wavelength Converters”Authors: Carla Raffaelli, Michele Savi (DEIS-UNIBO) - Nail Akar, Ezhan Karasan (Bilkent), submitted to HPSR 2007

3. “TCP over OBS performance considering background traffic”. Oscar Gonzalez de Dios, Juan Fdez. Palacios, Victor Lopez, ONDM 2006.

4. Georgios Zervas, Reza Nejabati , Dimitra Simeonidou, Anna Tzanakaki, Siamak Azodolmolky, Ioannis Tomkos, “A Hybrid Optical Burst/Circuit Switched Ingress Edge Router for Grid-enabled Optical Networks”, GridNets2006, Oct  2006, San Jose, California, USA

5. S. Taccheo, G. Della Valle, A. Festa, K. Ennser and J. Aracil, “Amplification of optical bursts in gain-stabilized Erbium-doped optical amplifier”, in Proc. Optical Fiber Commun. Conf. – OFC’07, USA, 2007, paper OMN3.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Achievements: Conferences1. "A simulation-based study of TCP performance over an Optical Burst

Switched backbone with 802.11 access.“ Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Ignacio Soto, David Larrabeiti, and Carmen Guerrero, submitted to ONDM 2007.

2. "Models for In-Band and Out-of-Band Signalling Delays in OBS Networks“ Antonio Pantaleo, Massimo Tornatore, Carla Raffaelli, Franco Callegati, and Achille Pattavina, submitted to ONDM 2007

3. Jitter-based analysis and discussion of burst assembly algorithms, Javier Aracil, Jose Alberto Hernández, Kyriakos Vlachos, Emmanouel Varvarigos, WOBS 2006.

4. A resilience-based comparative study between Optical Burst Switching and Optical Circuit Switching technologies, José Alberto Hernández, Javier Aracil, Víctor López, Juan Fernández Palacios, Óscar González de Dios, ICTON 2006

5. JOINT PAPERS ALL OF THEM

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Achievements: Project presentations

• ICTON 2006: The e-Photon/One+ Joint Project on OBS.

• A tutorial delivered at ICC 2006 by Ezhan Karasan and Nail Akar (Bilkent University). Material put together by 14 partners.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Achievements: Journals

1. J. Finochietto, J. Aracil, A. Ferreiro, J. Fdez-Palacios, O. Gonzalez de Dios, "Migration Strategies towards All Optical Metropolitan Access Rings," submitted to the IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology

2. G. Della Valle, A. Festa, S. Taccheo, K. Ennser and J. Aracil, “Investigation of dynamic induced by optical bursts in gain stabilized Erbium-doped amplifier”, Optic

Letters, 2007, accepted.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Joint Project T (JP-T)

Transmission-

Dynamic and distributed optical monitoring and equalization

Leader: António Teixeira, Instituto de Telecomunicações

Contact: teixeira@ua.pt

e2-JPT@tlc.polito.it

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

JP-T: Dynamic and distributed optical monitoring and equalizationResearch Topics

• Impact evaluation of the main performance impairments in dynamic multi-node meshed networks

• Quantification of the effects of low-range distributed dynamic compensators

• Set of requirements needed for different network scenarios • Group and adaptation of existing/new compensation and

monitoring techniques to fulfil the needed scenario requirements.

• Impact of feeding distributed monitoring information into the control plane management algorithms and receiving back from control plane the requirements in terms of needed performance of certain paths; evaluating the effectiveness on the overall network performance

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Outline & Focus

• Develop and rate existing Monitoring and compensating devices.

• Explore ROADMs technology and possible cascadability.

• Develop and test constrained based routing algorithms.

• Assess the improvement in network performance when there is control on some of the network parameters and information about their values and changes.

JP-T: Dynamic and distributed optical monitoring and equalization

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Activity-Plan

JP-T: Dynamic and distributed optical monitoring and equalization

Collection of existing optical monitors and compensators

M&C Performance rating

Optimization and design of new/existing

compensators/regenerators(PMD, Power, GVD,

X-talk, FWM, 1R, 2R, etc)

Definition of a basic protocol for interactionbetween the M&C and

The NMS

Definition of a trial board to exchange

information M&C-NMS

Collection of existingConstrained based

Routing Algorithms

Redefinition of existing/new

Contrained BasedRouting Algorithms

Implementation and redefinition of the

Algorithms in the boards

Implementation and redefinition of theBoards Hardware

Test bed trial of the concept

Board assembly and test

Implementation of M&C

ROADM Assessment and comparison

Depending on Support action aproval

Within E1+ program

M&C- Monitoring and ControlNMS- Network Management System

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Results• Progress results

– Joint Publications: more than 15 papers in conf. and 2 in journals

– Workshops: 4

– Mobility actions: 7

• Technical Achievements– Preliminary interface for the monitoring network and interfacing boards

– First integration steps of a EDFA with DGE Prototype in the moniroting netwotk

– Monitoring and compensation prototypes developed and characterized (power, Dispersion, etc)

– Regeneration devices developed and characterized.

– Modelling of WSS- based Cross connects

– Ultrafast characterization of nonlinear active devices

– Concept development of na enhanced Supervision system

– Gathering and development of impairment constrains based routing algorithms to be applied in na optical network.

• Next Steps– Implementation of the test network with dynamic monitoring and compensation capabilities and

characterization of its behaviour and potentials.

JP-T: Dynamic and distributed optical monitoring and equalization

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Mitigation of optical transmission impairments

by electronic means

Objectives and Technologies

Leader: Ioannis Tomkos, Athens Information Technology centre, AITContact: itom@ait.gr

Partners: UCL,UPC, FT, HHI, poliTo, IT, GET, UoA, AIT

Advisory board: Pierluigi Poggiolini, Izzat Darwazeh, Josep Prat, Antonio Teixeira

Presentation by: Ioannis Papagiannakis, Dimitrios Klonidis (AIT)

Joint Project E (JP-E)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

JP-E – General objectives and tasks

Objectives• Design of electronic channel equalization schemes.• Design of electronic pre-/post-coding schemes.• Examination of the performance limitations and the benefits of different schemes at

different network segments. • Examination of the performance of available transceivers.

Tasks• The definition of suitable experimental set-ups to:

design optimum (simple, efficient) electronic channel equalization.

develop efficient coding schemes.

• Simulations to understand performance limitations and benefits of different schemes (equalizers, codes, … ) at different network segments (access, metro core).

• Study electronic pre-processing solutions that will help overcome impairments. • Examine the joint effect of using FEC and electronic channel equalization.• Evaluate the performance of available transceivers in laboratory test-beds. • Identify optimum designs by assessing the different systems in terms of

- performance, technical/manufacturing feasibility and - implementation costs.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

JP-E - Areas of interest and technology

Access

Metro

Core

Impairments in Multi-mode fibreElectronic dispersion compensation

Increase capacity

Techno economic studies

Special modulation formats Higher capacity – more users

Electronics at end nodes

Equalization

Coding (FEC)

Dispersion compensation(Chromatic and PMD)

Tolerance to noise

Longer reach

Techno economic studies

Higher capacity

Electronics at n/w nodes

Electronic mitigation of non-linearities

Coding schemes (FEC)

Combination

Pre-distortion

Enhance signal quality

Reduce the use of regenerators

Achieve tranmission over longer distances

Source pre-equalization

Transmission efficiency

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

JP-E – Technologies

Examples of research activities and interests

• Adaptive equalization and MLSE receivers (to combat dispersion, PMD and non-linear effects), applied to formats like DPSK, DQPSK, duobinary).

• Dispersion compensation in homodyne systems.

• Duobinary signaling for frequency-modulated lasers.

• Impact of electronic equalization on engineering rules of 10 Gbit/s WDM transmission systems.

• Design of high speed circuits for signal equalization.

• Upgrade of submarine links.

• Higher order modulation formats.

• High-speed multimode LAN networks.

• Design of optical transmission systems using coherent detection and digital electronic distortion equalization.

• Mitigation of transmission impairments by electronic means in multimode and plastic optical fibers.

• Electronic Dispersion compensation in metropolitan area optical networks.

• Coding schemes (FEC) to strengthen signal quality against channel impairments.

• Pre- and post compensation schemes.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Research Areas per Partner I

Politechnico di Torino (PoliTO) - Italy MLSE receivers – Algorithm, design optimizationCoherent systems + equalization. Optical PLL to increase receiver sensitivity

France Telecom (FT) - FranceWDM system equalization (CD, PMD)MLSE receiver FEC + equalization (comparative studies)

ENST - France

PMD equalization studies (1st and 2nd order PMD)Modulation Format (MOTS) to reduce SPM-induced chirp – Signal Pre-shaping

HHI - GermanyCoherent systems (optical 16QAM) + Equalization

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Institute of Telecommunications (IT) - PortugalModulation Formats (OSSB) dispersion tolerant – Signal pre-shaping

Athens Information Technology (AIT) - GreeceWDM system equalization (CD) – DFE/FFE optimizationDML – equalization

University Politechnico of Catalunya (UPC) - SpainCoherent systems – Homodyne receivers (for ultra-DWDM in PONs)DML – Frequency modulation + pre-/post-equalization

University of Athens (UoA) - GreeceMMF, plastic fibre equalization for Access, Home networks

Research Areas per Partner II

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

JP-E Research Outcome

Collaborative work within JPE:1. MLSE equalization technique PoliTo, UCL, UPC

2. Investigation and realization of MLSEPoliTO, UPC, IT

3. On the performance increase of low cost receivers with the use of SQRT equalizer UPC, IT

4. On electronic dispersion compensation for multimode optical fibers UoA, PoliTO:

Individual work within JPE:5. Enhancing the performance of low cost DML transmitters AIT

6. Coherent detection/Higher order modulation formats

HHI

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

1. MLSE – equalization technique1. MLSE – equalization technique• UCL, POLITO and UPC have been collaborating on Maximum Likelihood Sequence

Estimation (MLSE).

• Collaboration has been going on for over two years.

• Two mobilities were carried out.

• Three papers have been published:

• P. Poggiolini (PoliTO), G. Bosco (PoliTO), J. Prat (UPC), R. Killey (UCL), S. Savory (UCL) Branch Metrics for Effective Long-Haul MLSE IMDD Receivers ECOC 2006 – oral presentation paper We2.5.4, September 2006.

• P. Poggiolini (PoliTO), G. Bosco (PoliTO), J. Prat (UPC), R. Killey (UCL), S. Savory (UCL)1,040 km uncompensated IMDD transmission over G.652 fiber at 10 Gbit/s using a reduced- state SQRT-metric MLSE receiver ECOC 2006 – Post-Deadline paper Th4.4.6, September 2006.

• S. J. Savory (UCL), Y. Benlachtar (UCL), R. I. Killey (UCL), P. Bayvel (UCL), G. Bosco (PoliTO), P. Poggiolini (PoliTO), J. Prat (UPC), M. Omella Cancer (UPC) IMDD Tr ansmission over 1,040 km of Standard Single-Mode Fiber at 10Gbit/s Using a One-Sample-per-Bit Reduced-Complexity MLSE Receiver OFC 2007 – oral presentation paper, USA, California, March 2007, paper OThK2

UCL – POLITO – UPC

up to 500-700 km of SSMF should be possible in the near-to-medium term, at 10.7Gb/s, when 128-256 state-MLSE processors are made available.

For MLSE to be able to support 1000+ km SSMF uncompensated links, substantial progress in digital processing power as well as complexity

reduction algorithm are needed.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

2. Investigation and realization of MLSE2. Investigation and realization of MLSE

• UPC, POLITO and IT are specifically collaborating on a mixed theoretical/technological improvement on MLSE, involving fabrication of a special component

• UCL and POLITO are collaborating on further experiments involving MLSE RX over long-haul, at high launch power

• The two activities will probably merge in the second half of the year, by incorporating the component into an experiment

UPC – POLITO – IT

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

3. SQRT equalizer3. SQRT equalizer• Effects:

– Chromatic dispersion is a linear effect, but produces harmonic distortions in the electrical domain because of the square-law characteristic of the photodiode, and becomes non-linear.

– These harmonic distortions limit the capacity and reach of digital and SCM, even with Electronic Equalization. Although the phase is lost, if we could detect optical field amplitude instead of optical power, we would take advantage of a more linear relationship between chromatic dispersion and the received signal, using a linear equalizer at the end of the optical network.

• The idea is: Use a Square Root module could compensate for the square-law characteristic of the photodiode.

– a non-linear equalization applied at the physical transport layer overcomes the transmission limitation in the electrical domain, providing an extremely more cost effective solution.

UPC – IT

SQRT eq. module chip layout developed by UPC. Next - Expand this to operation at 40Gb/s.

AMSQRT

IM

( )2

AM LINEARIZED DISTORTION

NON-LINEAR DISTORTION

2.IM IMI t E t h t

2 2exp ,H f j f DLc

RxLASER +I.MOD.

h

2IM

AM

e- he-

( ) ( ) cos ( )AM o tE t A t w t t

( ) ( ) cos ( )IM o tE t A t w t t )(1)( tsmAtA x

2 2

( ) 1 ( )*Re ( ) ( )*Im ( )AM x LPf x LPfI t A ms t h t ms t h t

IM-DD

digital data

analog: txcos( )xs t

( )A t

( )A t

AMSQRT

IM

( )2

AM LINEARIZED DISTORTION

NON-LINEAR DISTORTION

2.IM IMI t E t h t

2 2exp ,H f j f DLc

RxLASER +I.MOD.

h

2IM

AM

e- he-

( ) ( ) cos ( )AM o tE t A t w t t

( ) ( ) cos ( )IM o tE t A t w t t )(1)( tsmAtA x

2 2

( ) 1 ( )*Re ( ) ( )*Im ( )AM x LPf x LPfI t A ms t h t ms t h t

IM-DD

digital data

analog: txcos( )xs t

( )A t

( )A t

IM

( )2

AM LINEARIZED DISTORTION

NON-LINEAR DISTORTION

2.IM IMI t E t h t

2 2exp ,H f j f DLc

RxLASER +I.MOD.LASER +I.MOD.

h

2IM

AM

e- he-

( ) ( ) cos ( )AM o tE t A t w t t

( ) ( ) cos ( )IM o tE t A t w t t )(1)( tsmAtA x

2 2

( ) 1 ( )*Re ( ) ( )*Im ( )AM x LPf x LPfI t A ms t h t ms t h t

IM-DD

digital data

analog: txcos( )xs t

( )A t

( )A t

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

4. Dispersion compensation in MMFs4. Dispersion compensation in MMFs

Theoretical and Numerical Work:• Modelling transmission in multimode fibers.• Equalization post-detection techniques,

FFE.• Development of adaptation algorithms.

The numerical results have shown fine performance of the equalizer when adaptation by means of LMS algorithm is adopted.

UoA - POLITO

Experimental Work• Different types of fiber are studied.• VCSELs operating up to 5Gbps (@ 850nm).• FPGAs programmed to host different types of

equalizers• The FPGA currently hosts 4 equalizers for comparative

tests• (2 4-tap FFEs, 2 8-tap FFEs).

• ASICs designs are examined to achieve higher data rates.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

5. 5. Enhancing the performance of low cost DMLs TxEnhancing the performance of low cost DMLs Tx

• Motivation reduce the cost of terminal equipment in metro/access networks

Decision Forward Equalizer 2.5Gb/s

Decision Forward Equalizer 10Gb/s

AIT

• Proposed Solution Apply electronic equalization at the receiver to overcome the transmission impairments and enhance the distance

extend the reach of low cost DML transmitters

Eye diagrams for DFE (5,1) at 2.5 Gb/s. Eye diagrams for DFE (5,1) at 10 Gb/s.

Back-to-back 1 dB penalty

W/O Equalizer

1 dB penalty With

equalizer

EML

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

DML- Adiabatic

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

DML- Transient

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

Time (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

Back-to-back

1 dB penalty W/O equalizer

1 dB penalty With

equalizer

EML

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

-2 -1 0 1 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

DML- Adiabatic

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

DML- Transient

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

s)

-2 0 2

x 10-10

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

TIME (s)

PO

WE

R (

W)

Type

Transmission distance(Km) W/O equalizer (1 dB penalty)

Improvement (FFE)-

Km-(%)

Improvement (DFE)- Km-(%)

EML (10G)

60 100-(67%) 110-(83%)

EML (2.5G)

870 1320-(52%) 1350-(55%)

DML - 10G (Adiabatic)

40 80-(200%) 85-(212%)

DML - 10G (Transient)

16 28-(75%) 32-(100%)

DML– 2.5G (Transient)

80 120-(50%) 135-(68%)

DML– 2.5G (Adiabatic)

200 600-(300%) 600-(300%)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

6. 6. Coherent detection/Higher order modulation formatsCoherent detection/Higher order modulation formats HHI

CW 3 dB

MZM

MZM

3 dB

-90°

EI(t)

EQ(t)

Level Gene- rator

Modu-lator

Driver

Optical Modulator I(t)

Q(t)

24

MMI-coupler

LO

BD

BD

EDE &

Phase Esti-

mation

I*(t) Ikcor

Q*(t) Qkcor

IQ-transmitter for M-PSK and M-QAM generation

Schematic of an homodyne IQ-receiver

Dispersion tolerance in ps/nm for 2dB OSNR and 10.7 Gbaud

• For RZ-8-PSK and star RZ-16-QAM a T/2 spaced equalizer shows only slight performance improvement.• These formats require T/4 spaced equalizers • The T/4 spaced equalizer results also in a very large CD tolerance for RZ-QPSK

400080010001000700Star RZ-16-QAM

4500100010001000700RZ-8-PSK

>6000290023001500850RZ-QPSK

299155Taps

T/4T/4T/2T/2w/o EDCTap delay

400080010001000700Star RZ-16-QAM

4500100010001000700RZ-8-PSK

>6000290023001500850RZ-QPSK

299155Taps

T/4T/4T/2T/2w/o EDCTap delay

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Joint Project S (JP-S)

Electro/optic switching architectures

Leader: Alexandros Stavdas (University of Peloponnese)

Contact: astavdas@uop.gr

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Objectives• Assess the merit of all-optical, optoelectronic and electronic

switching subsystems and technologies – identify the necessary synergy between the different technologies for an

overall cost-effective solution

• Assess control complexityof hybrid optoelectronicsolutions and opticalinterconnect solutions

Example: An opaque solution

Joint Project S (JP-S)Electro/optic switching architectures

N:11:N

BurstCard

BurstCard

LineCard

LineCard

1

M

BurstCard

BurstCard

LineCard

LineCard

1

M

N:11:N

BurstCard

BurstCard

BurstCardBurstCard

BurstCardBurstCard

LineCard

LineCard

1

M

LineCardLineCard

LineCardLineCard

1

M

BurstCard

BurstCard

BurstCardBurstCard

BurstCardBurstCard

LineCard

LineCard

1

M

LineCardLineCard

LineCardLineCard

1

M

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Objectives• Study hybrid electro-optical switching architectures.

– Where appropriate, the corresponding multi-layer node could be comprised by “optically transparent” and “opaque” layers

• Conceive migration scenarios from purely electronic switching to optoelectronic to all-optical

Example: A transparent solution

Joint Project S (JP-S)Electro/optic switching architectures

N:11:N

Bit-Synchronisationand buffering card

1

M

Bit-Synchronisationand buffering card

Bit-Synchronisationand buffering card

1

M

Bit-Synchronisationand buffering card

N:11:N

Bit-Synchronisationand buffering cardBit-Synchronisationand buffering card

1

M

Bit-Synchronisationand buffering cardBit-Synchronisationand buffering card

Bit-Synchronisationand buffering card

Bit-Synchronisationand buffering card

1

M

Bit-Synchronisationand buffering cardBit-Synchronisationand buffering card

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Objectives• Identify passive low cost optical interconnect technologies and

architectures– Technologies and sub-systems for low cost

O-E conversion exploiting fixed-receivertunable-transmitter, fixed-transmittertunable-receiver schemes

– Identify low cost backplane interconnection technologies

Example: Partial O-E conversion

Joint Project S (JP-S)Electro/optic switching architectures

(N+1):11:(N+1)

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Ele

ctro

nic

tran

spar

ent

Slot

DX

C

(N+1):11:(N+1)

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Ele

ctro

nic

tran

spar

ent

Slot

DX

C

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Synchronisationand buffering card

Ele

ctro

nic

tran

spar

ent

Slot

DX

C

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-T

WP-T

Workpackage on

Teaching Activities

Leader: Branko Mikac, University of Zagreb

Contact: branko.mikac@fer.hr

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Summer School 2006September 2006University of Zagreb, CroatiaOptical Grid and Optical Network Resilience

Summer School 2007July 2007ENST Bretagne, Brest, FranceAdvanced optical communications systems: from short range to long haul networks

WP-T Teaching Activities

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Common Master in

Optical Communications and Networks  Curriculum and teaching materials

Courses:– Introduction to optical networks - Light propagation– Optical technologies and components– Optical core networks – Optical access and metro networks– Photonics in switching– Optical network resilience– Optical transmission – Spin-off applications of optical telecommunications

technology

WP-T Teaching Activities

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-L WP-L Joint and Virtual Laboratories Joint and Virtual Laboratories

Alwyn Seeds

UCL

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-L Joint Experiments

• Scope: Creation of links between the laboratories of the partners, enhancing research by sharing capabilities.

• WP-L Leader: A. J. Seeds (UCL)• Advisory Board:

Antonio Teixeira, University of Aveiro (Portugal)

Valter Ferrero, Polytechnic of Torino (Italy)

Francesco Matera, Fondazione Ugo Bordoni (Italy)

Kyriakos Vlachos, University of Patras (Greece)

Dieter Jaeger, University of Duisburg-Essen (Germany)

• 15 Partners involved in experiments:ACREO, AIT, DTU-COM, FT, ISCOM, IT, NTUA, ORC, PoliMi, RACTI,

TU/e, UCL, UDE, UPC, UPVLC

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-L Objectives

• Updating of catalogue/checklist of equipment and facilities- Completed

• Definition of rules for joint experiments and resource sharing between participating partners- Completed

• Definition of a joint experiments plan among the participating partners- Completed

• Carrying out a number of joint experiments- In progress• Reporting the results of those joint experiments- First

report delivered

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Scientific and Technical Impact

• The availability of experimental facilities from other partners enables participants to carry out experiments not otherwise possible for them

• We expect the training of many researchers to be enhanced by participation in joint experiments

• We expect large numbers of Joint Publications, including many in high impact journals and conferences, to result from the Joint Experiments

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-L Commitments

• N° joint experiments(>10 in two years) 12 have been funded

• N° joint papers(>10 in two years) Awaiting completion of experiments

• N° mobility actions(>10 in two years) > 12 anticipated

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-L Role and contribution of partners

• UCL Co-ordinates the Work-Package

• 15 Partners committed to WP-L so far

• 15 Partners participating in joint experiments

• Partners from 10 member Countries participate in WP-L joint experiments

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Existing lab structures definition• Objective

– Allow partners to become familiar with facilities available for use within the NoE

– To provide impetus for Joint Experiments, or other collaborative activities

• Methodology– Inputs requested from partners with a declared interest in WP-L.– Data collated– Set of Web pages, browsable by equipment type or by partner,

created and published

• Ongoing– Web pages updated as required by the involved partners to

form tool for use in Integrated Laboratories programme of e-Photon/ONe+

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-L Phase 1 Joint ExperimentsDesign and Development of a High-speed, Semiconductor Fibre Laser

RACTI: Eu 3,000, AIT: Eu 3,000

Incorporating a Performance Monitoring Technology in Wavelength Converted All-optical Networks at 40 Gb/s and above

UPVLC Eu 2,000, DTU-COM Eu 2,450

Application of bi-directional EDWA in Access Network

PoliMi: Eu 3,000, UPC: Eu 3,000

Investigation of Photonic Crystal Fibre Non-linearities and Optical Properties

IT: Eu 3,000, ISCOM: Eu 2,500, PoliMi: Eu 500

Ultra-fast Photodiode Evaluation

UDE: Eu 3,000, UCL: Eu 3,000

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-L Phase 2 Joint ExperimentsSQRT Circuit integration

IT: Eu 6000, UPC: Eu 2000

Ultrafast Characterisation of Semiconductor Optical AmplifiersUPVLC: Eu 1500, ORC: Eu 700

All-optical High Speed Wavelength Converter Based on XPM in HNLFDTU: Eu 1,500, UPVLC: Eu 5,600, TU/e: Eu 0

Analysis of the Robustness of Modulation Formats and Amplification Schemes and Impact on System Performance and Engineering

ACREO Eu 4,000, FT Eu 2,000

BER Perfomance Evaluation of OCG-OA for Burst TrafficPoliMi: 5,740, ISCOM: 1,120, IT: Eu 1,090

Multi-channel Wavelength Conversion using a Quadruple SOA-MZI ArrayNTUA: Eu 2.5k, RACTI: Eu 2k, UPVLC: Eu 0,5k

Development and Evaluation of an OADM enabled Wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) System for the Transparent adding/dropping of Wavelengths at Specific Network Locations

AIT: Eu 2,000, RACTI: Eu 2,000, IT: Eu 1,300

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-L Joint and Virtual LaboratoriesWP-L Joint and Virtual Laboratories Application of bi-directional EDWA Application of bi-directional EDWA

in access networkin access network (PoliMi/UPC)(PoliMi/UPC)

OLT

ONU

Splitter ONU

ONU

SOA+RSOA

ONU

ONU

ONU

ONU

ONU

EDWA+RSOA

ONU

Jose Lazaro, Jose Lazaro, Karin Ennser,Karin Ennser,Victor Polo, Victor Polo,

Stefano Taccheo,Stefano Taccheo,Josep PratJosep Prat

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Motivation• Signal amplification and modulation in wavelength agnostic ONUs

• Current “common” solution• Main limitation: Gain versus Bandwidth trade-off

Rsoa CIP Frequency Response

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

Frequency [MHz]

Po

we

r [d

B]

"+5 dBm""0 dBm""-5 dBm""-10 dBm""-15 dBm""-25 dBm"

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Motivation

Current “common” solution• Main limitation: Gain versus Bandwidth trade-off

Rsoa Power IN Rsoa Power OUT Optical Gain (dB) BW(-3dB) +5 dBm +5.8 dBm 0.8 1.3 GHz 0 dBm +5.8 dBm 5.8 1.2 GHz -5 dBm +5.2 dBm 10.2 1 GHz

-10 dBm +3.4 dBm 13.4 900 MHz -15 dBm 0 dBm 15 700 MHz -25 dBm -3.3 dBm 21.7 600 MHz

Measurement conditions: 20 ºC , 80 mA, 1550 nm

Not possible to have an operation work point combining: - Optical gain in the range from 15 to 20 dB &

- Electrical BW (-3dB) better than 1.5 GHz

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Some other solutions to be studied• Under Study by Alcatel-Thales III-V Labs:

• Under study in this project (potentially showing higher performance) :

ONU

SOA REAM

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Signal In/Out

ONU

EDWA REAM

Up

stre

am

Do

wn

stre

am

Signal In/Out

FBG(99.9%R)

FBG(85%R)

90/10 Splitter

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Available samples• REAM:

• RSOA+EAM

• Provided by Alcatel-Thales III-V Labs (under NDA)

• Alignment and pigtailing in process

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

• EDWA schematic diagram (pump diode integreated)

• Gain (single-stage) (-20 dBm input)

Erbium Doped Waveguide Amplifiers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570

wavelength [nm]

Ga

in [

dB

]

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35N

ois

e F

igu

re [

dB

]•12-15 dB Gain for 0 dBm input

•Bi-directional operation with no penalty

•Gain stabilisation can be provided by simple optical feedback

• Custom sample can be optimised for the experiment.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

GPON and EPON standards and requirements

• More than 30dB gain required

• Stabilization in Burst-Mode for Upstream

OLT

ONT

ONT

ONT

A A A B C B

Downstream

Time A A A B C B A A A

B B

C

Class Min Max A 5 20 B 10 25 C 15 30

Link Attenuation (dB)

Class Min Max A -3 2 B -2 3 C 2 7

ONT-TX avg. power (dBm)

Class Sensitivity A -24 B -28 C -29

ONT-RX Min receiver power (dBm)

A A A B C B

A A A B C B

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-L Joint Experiments

“Ultrafast characterisation of Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers.”

• Objectives: 1. Demonstrate the applicability of the L-FROG technique for the

characterisation of the dynamic response of fast optical devices.

2. Characterisation measurements of an MZI-SOA when this is operated in either XGM or XPM regime.

• Partners: UPVLC and ORC

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Experimental results (1)

-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 1000

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

Time (ps)

Intensity a.u.

-13 dBm-12 dBm-10 dBm-7dBm

Slow GainCompression

Total Gain Compression

Figure 1.- Measured probe transmission pulses for different pump peak powers. The duration of the pump pulses is 7ps

•Study of the XGM response in an SOA

•After compression induced by the pump, the gain shows a fast recovery, resulting from intraband effects.

•After the fast gain recovery, the gain is recovering toward the unsaturated value as a result of electrical pumping.

•Increasing in ER of 9 dB by increasing the signal power between -7 and -12 dBm, this effect is due to the gain saturation.

•Rise time is longer than the fall time, the negative chirp (-65 GHz) is larger than the positive (13 GHz).

•The phase changes that occur simultaneously with the gain compression and recovery time are the result of nonlinear refractive index variations in the amplifier.

-13 -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -76

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Signal Average Power (dBm)

CH

IRP

(G

Hz)

-13 -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7-65

-60

-55

-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

Signal Average Input Power (dBm)

CH

IRP

(G

Hz)

-13 -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -735

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

Signal Average Input Power (dBm)C

HIR

P (

GH

z)

Figure 2.- (a)Blue Shift measured in XGM (b) Red Shift measured in XGM ( c)Peak to Peak Chirp

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Experimental results (2)Study of XPM response in an SOA

Polarizing the MZI OOP (Out of Phase) converted signal will be inverted

Input signal (at 1550nm) depletes carrier density - modulates refractive index - thereby results in phase modulation of CW signal (1540 nm) coupled into the converter

As in the XGM case, the converted pulse is first negatively chirped due to the changes in the refractive index caused by the leading edge of the pump pulse and then positively chirped due to the recovery time

Higher ER is measured relative to XGM case

Chirp excursion is lower than in XGM – which fits with theory

So the red shift (-34 GHz) is lower than in XGM

If we assume that the MZI is perfectly balanced, and we neglect the chirp produced by the SOA1 in XPM, the chirp excursion in XGM is two times the chirp in XPM

-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 1000

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

Time (ps)

Inte

nsity

(a.

u.)

0 dBm-5 dBm-10 dBm

-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 02

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

CH

IRP

(GH

z)

Signal Average Input Power (dBm)-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

CH

IRP

(G

Hz)

Signal Average Input Power (dBm)

Figure 3.- Converted pulses measured from 1550 to 1540nm after SOA-MZI with XPM setup for 7ps pulses.

Figure 4.- (a)Blue Shift measured in XPM (b) Red Shift measured in XPM

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

All-optical high-speed wavelength converter based on XPM in HNLF - Introduction

• Objective: Characterisation and performance evaluation of the wavelength converter scheme using XPM in HNLF and detuned filters.

– Main performance degradation effects under investigation:• Cross-talk (with suppressed CW and/or generated FWM-product)• Walk-off (separation between data- and CW-wavelength)• Varied parameters: Filter-detuning, data-signal power, CW power, and CW-wavelength

• Partners:– COM Research Center, Denmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)– Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPVLC)– COBRA Research Institute, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven (TU/e)

Joint experiment carried out at DTU lab-facilities incorporating one mobility activity

of a PhD student from UPVLC (guest) DTU (host) in February 2007– NTUA kindly provided the 2 nm Tecos filter-cassettes used in this experiment.

Activity has been carried out within the frame of VD-S on Optical switching systems

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

All-optical high-speed wavelength converter based on XPM in HNLF – Setup and Experimental results I

Tx80/160Gb/s

EYE(EO, Q)

3 dB

DeMUX(10 Gb/s)

λ = 1557 nm

λ = 1542, 1547, 1550 nm10, 14, 18 dBm

detuned filters

2 4 6 8 10 12 143,5

4,0

4,5

5,0

5,5

6,0

6,5

7,0

7,5

8,0

8,5

9,0

9,5

10,0 Detuning: 2 nm Tecos filters (CW: 1547 nm, 14 dBm)

Q (

dB

)

- 1.0 nm - 1.5 nm - 2.0 nm - 2.5 nm - 3.0 nm - 3.5 nm - 4.0 nm

Data power (dBm)2 4 6 8 10 12 14

3,5

4,0

4,5

5,0

5,5

6,0

6,5

7,0

7,5

8,0

8,5

9,0Detuning: 1 nm DiCon-filters (CW: 1547 nm, 14 dBm)

Q (

dB

)

- 0,8 nm - 1.0 nm - 1.5 nm - 2.0 nm - 2.5 nm - 3.0 nm - 3.5 nm - 4.0 nm

Data power (dBm)

Different filter bandwidths used: 1, 2, 3, and 5 nm (FWHM) where for different filter detunings the data signal power was varied

1 nm (DiCon)

2 nm (Tecos)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

All-optical high-speed wavelength converter based on XPM in HNLF – Experimental results II

3 nm (Santec) 5 nm (Tecos)

4 6 8 10 12 14

4,0

4,5

5,0

5,5

6,0

6,5

7,0

7,5

8,0

8,5

9,0

Detuning: 3 nm Santec filters (CW: 1547 nm, 14 dBm)

Data power (dBm)

- 1.0 nm - 1.5 nm - 2.0 nm - 2.5 nm - 3.0 nm - 3.5 nm - 4.0 nm

Q (

dB

)

2 4 6 8 10 12 143,5

4,0

4,5

5,0

5,5

6,0

6,5

7,0

7,5

8,0

8,5

9,0

Detuning: 5 nm Tecos filters (CW: 1547 nm, 14 dBm)

Q (

dB

)

Data power (dBm)

- 1.5 nm - 2.0 nm - 2.5 nm - 3.0 nm - 3.5 nm - 4.0 nm - 4.5 nm - 5.0 nm

14 15 16 17 18 19 20-20-15-10-50510

Bac

k-re

fl.(d

Bm

)

CW-power (dBm)

Brillouin Scattering

4 6 8 10 12 14

5,5

6,0

6,5

7,0

7,5

8,0

8,5

9,0

9,5

Detuning: - 2.0 nm (2 nm Tecos filters) for different CW-power/-WLs

Q (

dB

)

Data power (dBm)

14 dBm, 1542 nm 14 dBm, 1547 nm 14 dBm, 1550 nm 10 dBm, 1547 nm 18 dBm, 1547 nm

For narrow filters limitations at high bit rates (160 Gb/s) due to pulse width (ISI)

Performance for very high CW powers limited by Brillouin scattering

Spectral broadening and cross-talk with FWM-product may affect at data powers above 13 dBm

Eye (opening, Q) suggest error free operation

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

IT – ISCOM - PoliMi Joint Mission

• Joint ExperimentsAveiro 11-17 June 2006Portugal

• Involved Institutions– Antonio Teixeira (IT-Aveiro)

– Giorgio Maria Tosi Beleffi (ISCOM-Italy)

– Stefano Taccheo (Politecnico di Milano-Italy)

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Topics

• Investigate the properties (FWM efficiency) and the characteristics (attenuation and crhomatic dispersion) of an available Photonic Crystal Fibre (PCF) sample (2 m long) not connectorized.

• The skill of the involved partners:– Istituto De Telecomunicacoes:

• Antonio Teixeira is an expert in the field of optical communications and systems. Furthermore at IT lab is now available a High Resolution OSA and a complete system for fiber characterization (dispersion, attenuation and so on).

– ISCOM:• Giorgio Maria Tosi Beleffi is an expert in the field of fiber non linearities and

reshaping properties based on self phase modulation and FWM in optical fibres and semiconductors

– Politecnico di Milano:• Stefano Taccheo is an expert in the field of lasers, physics, amplification by

means of DWA and on Supercontinuum. His group share the PCS fibres

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

The Optical Medium

• The improvements in the manufacturing of the Photonic Crystal (lower losses and higher non linear coefficient) is increasing the interests of the scientific community in the PCF application world

• The PCF under test has been shared by Prof. Stefano Taccheo from Politecnico di Milano (Italy)

Available Data on the PCF under TEST

Core [µm] 5,1 d hole [µm] 1,6 bridge width [µm] 1,3d/ 0,55 hole package [µm] 28,327,5 Fiber [µm] 202,8

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Set-Up

Polarization Controllers

DFBLaser Sources

3 dBCoupler

500 mWEDFA

Photonic Crystal FibreUnder Test

High ResolutionOSA

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Results 1

Results related to the Chromatic Dispersion of the fibre

The Zero Disperion Wav of this fibre seems to be present down to 1480 nm

In order to validate this graph we tested the fibre in terms of FWM efficiency

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Results 2Tryed two configurations

- first with beating signals close to 1535 nm (A) - second with the signals close to 1545 nm (B)

A) B)

In the A case is possible to appreciate the presence of the two seed (left and side) while in the B case where the dispersion is higher is possible to see only the seed on the rigth side

The total amount of Dispersion has been evaluated in terms of : 160 ps/nmkmin the explored wavelength region

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-L Milestones

M.L.1 [T0+1] Determination of task force and chairman- Complete

M.L.2 [T0+2] Publication of procedures and forms for proposals of joint experiments, and for collection of feedback from joint experiments- Complete

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-L DeliverablesD.L.1 [T0+4] Web pages describing resources available for

joint experiments, and providing an area for the publication of joint experiment proposals and feedback- Complete

D.L.2 [T0+6] Plan for joint experiments- Complete

D.L.3 [T0+12] First report on Integrated Laboratories activities- Complete

D.L.4 [T0+13] Updated plan for joint experiments- Complete

D.L.5 [T0+24] Second report on Integrated Laboratories activities.

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

WP-D Dissemination WP-D Dissemination

Leaders : C Politi [UoPeloponnese]M J O Mahony [UESSEX]

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

Main Activities

• Publications and conferences

• 97 Joint publications +147 single partner presentations +3

invited presentation at ECOC OFC etc

• Sponsored and co-organised workshops

• On-line dissemination

• www. e-photon-one.org

• Newsletter

• External relations and interactions with industry and

collaborative projects

• EU and National Projects

• Roadmap

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

e-Photon/ONe+ Events

OFC 2006 [March 2006] :Workshop on Future Optical Networks

Main Organisers: Essex/UoPelop

Terena Workshop [May 2006]

Main Organisers: Essex

ECOC Booth [September 2006]

Main Organisers: Essex/UoPelop

E-photon/ONe+ Kick Off (March 2006)

E-photon/ONe+ Plenary Meeting (February 2007)

2 Summer Schools

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

e-Photon/ONe+ Events

OFC Workshop [March 2007]Main Organisers: Essex/UoPelop

ONDM Workshop [May 2007]Main Organisers: Essex

ECOC Workshop [June 2007]Main Organisers: AIT/Essex

OECC Workshop [July 2007]Main Organisers: Essex/UoPelop/Polito

http

://w

ww

.e-p

hoto

n-on

e.o

rg

ServicesControl

Services & Network Mgt

ServicesControl

ServicesControl

Multiple service networks

Convergence layer

Multiple transport networks

Voice Data MobileE-

commVPN

PONHybridfibre

NG-SDH

ASON ---

--- ---

CCE OTN

NetworksControl

Roadmap Activities