THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM

Vocabulary

Aorta - is the main artery in the human body connecting to the heart and running

down the abdomenActive transport - is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane

Adrenal glands - produce hormonal nes

Bladder- a sac in humans in which urine is collected for extraction

Bowmans capsule - extracts wastes, excess salt and water in blood

Exception- expelling waste matter

EXCEPTION- EXPELLING WASTE MATTER

FILTRATION - THE PROCESS OF FILTERING SOMETHING

KIDNEY - EACH A PAIR OF ORGANS IN THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY

GLOMERULUS - A CLUSTER OF NERVE ENDINGS

Nephron- is the basic structural and functional unit of kidneys

Metabolic waste - left overs from excretory process

Renal artery- two branches of the abdominal atora

Renal veins - are veins drained from the kidney

Urethra - the duct by which urine is conveyed out of the body

Ureter- the duct where urine passes from the kidney to the bladder

Sweat gland - a small gland that secretes sweat situated in the dermis

Renal arteries - supplies blood to kidneys

Organs in the excretory system

Liver GallbladderUrinary bladder UretersUrethaLarge intestine Kidneys SkinLungs

LIVER-THE LIVER ALSO DETOXIFIES CHEMICALS AND METABOLIZES DRUGS. AS IT DOES SO, THE LIVER SECRETES BILE THAT ENDS UP

BACK IN THE INTESTINES. THE LIVER ALSO MAKES PROTEINS IMPORTANT FOR BLOOD CLOTTING AND OTHER FUNCTIONS.

GALLBLADDER - DISCHARGES INTO THE SMALL INTESTINE TO GET RID OF FAT ,ETHANOL AND OTHER ACIDS

URINARY BLADDER - THE WASTE FLUID THAT IS CREATED IN THE LIBBER AND COLLECTED IN THE KIDNEY IS TRANSFERRED TO THE

URINARY BLADDER

URETERS - A CARRIER OF SEMEN AS WELL AS URINE FOR THEIR ULTIMATE DISCHARGE OUT OF THE BODY

LARGE INTESTINE - A STORAGE ORGAN FIR EXCRETORY PRODUCTS

THE KIDNEYS

• The kidneys are two bean shaped organs each about the size of a fist they are just below the rib cage.

• The kidneys are important because they keep composition of make up of the blood stable

• * Prevent the build up of wastes and extra fluid in the body

• * Regulate blood pressure

• Help bones stay strong

• * Make red blood cells

EACH KIDNEY IS MADE UP OF ABOUT A MILLION FILTERING UNITS CALLED NEPHRONS AND EACH NEPHRON FILTERS A SMALL AMOUNT OF BLOOD

The kidneys

KIDNEY DISEASE: IGAKidney disease

One major and common kidney disorder (disease) is IgA nephropathy

It is a kidney disorder that occurs when a protein that helps the body fight infection settles in the kidney

Many people with igA leak blood in their urine

The hands and feet can swell

About 25% percent of adults with igA develop kidney failure

Symptom of kidney failure are

Swelling in hands and feet

Nausea

Fatigue

Headaches and sleep problems

In early stages of igA neuropathy have no symptoms it can be silent for years The first sign is blood in the urine The blood might occur during a cold sore throat or other infections

Scientist do not know what causes igA neropathy

CURES FOR KIDNEY DISEASE

Kidney diseases can not be cured when the kidneys are damaged they can not be repaired treatment focuses on slowing the disease and preventing complications * One complication is high blood pressure (hypertension) which damages the kidneys * With kidney disease you can lose proteins in urine

THE LIVER

Liver - The liver also detoxifies chemicals and metabolizes drugs. As it does so, the liver secretes bile that ends up back in the intestines. The liver also makes proteins important for blood clotting and other functions.

Alcoholic liver disease.

The alcoholic liver disease is a hepatic manifestation of alcohol overconsumption including fatty liver disease alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Analogous Terms such as drug induced or toxic liver disease are also used to refer to disorders caused by various drugs.

Cures for alcoholic liver disease

There is no known cure for alcoholic liver disease.