Human Reproduction

Science/Health

Male Reproductive System

• Testes

– Produce sperm (male gametes) by meiosis and release hormones

(Testes)

• Scrotum

– Protects the testes, maintaining them at a cooler temperature than the body core

Male Reproductive System

Scrotum

• Vas deferens

– Muscular tubes in which sperm mix with fluids to form semen as the sperm are moved from the testes to the urethra

– Can house the sperm for several months

Male Reproductive System

• Urethra

– Opening through which sperm leave the body

Male Reproductive System

• Penis

– Contains the urethra for the delivery of sperm

Male Reproductive System

Female Reproductive System

• Ovaries

– Produce eggs (female gametes) by meiosis and release hormones

• Oviducts / fallopian tubes

– Location of fertilization

– Connect the ovaries to the uterus (although the oviducts are not physically connected to the ovaries)

Female Reproductive System

• Uterus

– Protects and nourishes the zygote during development

– Connects the oviducts to the cervix

Female Reproductive System

• Cervix

– Sperm travel through this opening on the way to the uterus

– Dilates (opens) to allow the baby to leave the body during childbirth

Female Reproductive System

• Vagina

– Sperm are deposited here, their first stop on the way to the egg.

– Opening through which the baby leaves the body, or through which unfertilized eggs leave the body

Female Reproductive System

Stages of Embryonic and Fetal Development

• Indicate the correct order of changes which occur during each of the 9 months it takes for an embryo and fetus to develop.

• Write a number from 1 to 9 in the boxes given to match the month of development with the description of growth

Stages in Human Development

• Fertilization

• First Trimester (weeks 1-12)

• Second Trimester (weeks 13-24)

• Third Trimester (weeks 25-38)

Fertilization

• Occurs in the fallopian tubes

• Egg and sperm unite to form a zygote

First Trimester • All organ systems begin to develop.

• Zygote is called an embryo

• Placenta and amniotic sac form

• At 8 weeks, the embryo is now called a fetus

• All major organs are formed

• Rapid growth

• Skeleton forms

• Mother will feel movement by 20 weeks.

• Growth slows between 20 and 24 weeks.

Second Trimester

Third Trimester • Growth in preparation for birth; significant

development in the brain.

• Immune system develops

• Fat is deposited under the skin.

Visible Signs of Pregnancy

Not all women will experience all signs

(see pg 200 for complete list)

and

experiencing the signs doesn’t necessarily mean you’re pregnant!!

Visible Signs of Pregnancy

• The woman will stop menstruating (often first sign!)

• Easily exhausted or dizzy

Visible Signs of Pregnancy

• Hips will become slightly larger to support fetus and prepare for birth

• Her breasts will become larger to prepare to produce milk

Visible Signs of Pregnancy

• Feeling of nausea or craving certain foods

• Gain weight (11kg on average)