Humanitarian trends

April 2010

What does the programme do?

• Map financial flows • Provide access to no-spin data and

information• Encourage debate• Provide global perspective beyond

crisis

Donors

Is humanitarian aid from DAC donors going up or down?

Source: OECD DAC

How much ODA (ex debt relief) is ‘humanitarian’?

Source: OECD DAC

The United States remains the biggest humanitarian donor

Australia294m2.6%

Canada399m3.6%

Japan244m2.2%

New Zealand32m0.3% Norway

413m3.7%

Switzerland171m1.5%

United States4.3bn38.3%

EC and EU15 (DAC)5.3bn47.8%

Source: OECD DAC

DAC donor humanitarian aid in 2008

US$11.2bnTotal official humanitarian aid

9.3%Share of ODA spent on

humanitarian aid

US$9.5Spent by citizens on

humanitarian aid

0.05%Average share of gross

national income spent on humanitarian aid

28.7%Change in humanitarian

aid expenditure since 2007

Source: OECD DAC

From Japan, US$2 to Luxembourg, US$107

From Portugal ,US$25m, to US, US$4.3bn

From Japan and Portugal, 0.01%, to Luxembourg, 0.13%

From Japan, 3.5%, to Ireland, 17.8%

New Zealand’s fell by 20% , Japan’s increased by 110%

DAC and Non-DAC contributions to the FTS

2008 20090

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

9,324 8,434

1,120

217

Non DACDAC

US$

mill

ions

Source: UN OCHA FTS

Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of) US$45 m

Kuwait US$43 m

United Arab Emirates US$34 m

Russian Federation US$32 m

India US$14 m

Korea, Republic of US$13 m

Qatar US$13 m

Turkey US$4 m

Czech Republic US$4 m

Hong Kong US$4 m

Recipients:

CAP appeal funding requirements 2003-2010

Source: UN OCHA FTS

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

3,958

2,197

4,020 3,382 3,7195,082

6,315

2,444

1,263

1,221

1,9591,679 1,423

2,012

3,391

6,4155,220

3,417

5,979

5,061 5,142

7,095

9,706

8,859

Funding Unmet need Requirement

Source: OECD DAC

Top 10 recipients of non-DAC donor humanitarian assistance in 2009

Kenya

Philippines

Zimbabwe

DRC

Sri Lanka

Indonesia

Ethiopia

Afghanistan

Pakistan oPt

Other recip

ients0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2.6 2.6 4.0 5.3 5.4 7.3 7.6

20.9

37.3

92.0

15.9

US$

mill

ions

Source: UN OCHA FTS

Common humanitarian funds

Source: UN OCHA FTS

Recipients of CERF money

Total 2008: US$429m Total 2009: US$397m

Source: UN CERF

10%

7%

7%

6%

4%

4%

4%4%3%3%

48%

DRC

Ethiopia

Myanmar

Kenya

Pakistan

Afghanistan

Haiti

Sudan

Nepal

Sri Lanka

Others

15%

8%

7%

6%

6%

6%5%4%3%

3%

37%

Somalia

DRC

Zimbabwe

Kenya

Sudan

Sri Lanka

DPRK

Ethiopia

Philippines

Niger

Others

Regional Changes...

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

EuropeAfrica, N of SaharaAfrica, S of SaharaNorth & Central AmericaS. AmericaFar East AsiaSouth & Central AsiaMiddle EastOceaniaUS

$m co

mm

itted

/con

trib

uted

Agriculture & Food

The Issue of Data CategoriesSector DAC FTS

Food

Basic nutrition Social/welfare services Agro-industries

Rural development Food aid/Food security

programmes Emergency Food Aid

• Food distribution• Food-for-Work• Monitoring of food security / livelihoods / nutrition

• Support for logistics of bulk food (e.g. transport, port facilities)• Buffer stocks • School feeding

Agriculture

Agricultural policy and administrative management

Agricultural land resources Agrarian reform Agricultural development Food crop production Industrial crops/export

crops Livestock Agricultural alternative

development Livestock/veterinary

services Agricultural inputs

Agricultural extension Agricultural

education/training Agricultural research Agricultural services Plant and post-harvest

protection and pest control Agricultural financial

services Agricultural co-operatives Agricultural water

resources

• Livestock re-stocking• Seed / seedling / tuber propagation or diversification• Agricultural extension & training• Veterinary services• Pest control• Environmental management• Aquaculture4• Coordination / information / early warning• Agricultural water systems (irrigation, wells)

• Seeds & tools distribution (more broadly, provision of agricultural inputs, incl. fertiliser)

The global trend...

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

-

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Agriculture

- Emergency Food Aid

Development Food Aid

Basic Nutrition

Social/ Welfare Services

Conflict, Peace and SecurityUSD

Mill

ions

(200

7 co

nsta

nt p

rices

)

Countries receiving long-term humanitarian assistance..

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

-

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

Agriculture

- Emergency Food Aid

Development Food Aid

Basic Nutrition

Social/ Welfare Services

Conflict, Peace and Security

USD

Mill

ions

(200

7 co

nsta

nt p

rices

)

Country aid profiles vary...

Sudan0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

19%

2%1%5%

8%

2%

62%

0%

Democratic Republic of Congo0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

38%

3%

5%

4%1%

17%

19%

0%

Somalia0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

20%

1%1%3%4%2%0%

67%

1%0%

Unallocated/ Unspecified

Refugees in Donor coun-tries

Support to NGOs

Administrative costs of Donors

Humanitarian Aid

Action relating to Debt

Commodity Aid

Conflict, Peace and Secu-rity

- Multi-Sector/ cross-cut-ting

- Production Sectors

- Economic Infrastructure and services

- Social Infrastructure and services

Sudan

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 -

200,000,000

400,000,000

600,000,000

800,000,000

1,000,000,000

1,200,000,000

1,400,000,000

1,600,000,000

1,800,000,000

Water and Sanitation

Shelter and non-food items

Sector not yet specified

Safety and Security of Staff and Opera-tions

Protection/ Human Rights/ Rule of Law

Multi-sector

Mine Action

Health

Food

Education

Economic Recovery and Infrastructure

Coordination and Support Services

Agriculture

USD

(Cur

rent

Pric

es)

CAP Funding 2000 – 2008: • Agriculture: 42%

• Food: 81%

Somalia...

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 -

100,000,000.00

200,000,000.00

300,000,000.00

400,000,000.00

500,000,000.00

600,000,000.00

700,000,000.00

Water and Sanitation

Shelter and non-food items

Sector not yet specified

Safety and Security of Staff and Operations

Protection/ Human Rights/ Rule of Law

Multi-sector

Mine Action

Health

Food

Education

Economic Recovery and Infrastruc-ture

Coordination and Support Services

Agriculture

USD

(Cur

rent

Pric

es)

CAP Funding 2000 – 2008: • Agriculture: 39%

• Food: 96%

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

OceaniaMiddle EastSouth & Central AsiaFar East AsiaS. AmericaNorth & Central AmericaAfrica, S of SaharaAfrica, N of SaharaEurope

Food

HA

(US$

m)

27.2%

39.4%34.4%

41.9%

49.4%

41.3%

46.6%

44.9%

29.1%

Regional Food Aid

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

OceaniaMiddle EastSouth & Central AsiaFar East AsiaS. AmericaNorth & Central AmericaAfrica, S of SaharaAfrica, N of SaharaEuropeAg

riicu

lture

HA

(US$

m)

3%

4.9% 3.2%

4.2%

3.1%

3.3%

4.5%

4%

5.3%

Regional Agriculture

Context & Concentrations

Remaining countriesMyanmar

NigerCote d'Ivoire

ZimbabweLiberiaNepal

SomaliaAverage all Fragile States

HaitiRwandaNigeriaKenya

PakistanCongo, Dem. Rep.

UgandaSudan

West Bank and GazaIraq

EthiopiaAfghanistan

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

5108517

602604609658706750805

906927

12061355

145015921651

22772562

31923292

4648

USD Millions (Current Prices)

Fragile States – Concentration of ODA in 2008

UN consolidated appeals 2000-2010

Source: UN OCHA FTS

We work to provide access to reliable, transparent and understandable information so that we can all work to ensure better outcomes for people affected by humanitarian crises.

Global Humanitarian Assistance is a Development Initiatives programme, funded by the governments of Canada, Denmark, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom

Clarity CountsMAPPING FINANCIAL FLOWS

We work in detail to highlight relationships between and within financial flows, mapping out who spends what, and where, enabling donors, NGOs, governments and local communities to better respond to people in humanitarian need.

PROVIDING ACCESS TO NO-SPIN DATA & INFO

We provide no-spin analysis on financial flows, emphasising simplicity and clarity at all times, and work hard to make this complex world accessible. We help researchers, students and journalists to use and apply raw data, contributing to evidence-based policy making.

ENCOURAGING DEBATE

We build a broad network for transparency in humanitarian aid flows. We work hard to agree numbers and definitions so we can discuss the issues – not argue about the figures themselves.

PROVIDING PERSPECTIVE BEYOND CRISIS

Our work on humanitarian assistance is in the wider context of a global commitment to poverty reduction and interconnects with global, regional and national concerns such as climate change, financial crises, conflict and chronic poverty.

Name: Jan Kellett, Programme Leader

Email: jan@devinit.org

Tel: +44 (0)1749 671343

Web: globalhumanitarianassistance.org

Global Humanitarian Assistance, Development Initiatives, Keward Court, Jocelyn Drive, Wells, Somerset, BA5 1DB, UK

Email: gha@devinit.org