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Hunan Urban Mott MacDonald Development Project Hunan Provincial Development and Planning Commission

Hunan Urban Development Project

Consol idated Environmental Assessment Summary

February 2004

Mot t MacDonald Demeter House Station Road

Cambridge CB 1 2RS Tel 01223463500 Fax 01223 461007

Consolidnred Environmental Assessment Summaly DRAFT /04/B/Februnly 2004

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Administrator

28004


Mott MacDonald Hunan Provincial Development and Planning Commission


Consol idated Environmental Assessment Summary

Issue and Revision Record Rev Date Originator Checker Approver

(Print) (Print) (Print) (Signature) (Signature) (Signature)

LQ JFS

B February 2004

Description

Second Issue (Draft)

This document has been prepared for the titled project or named part thereof and should not be relied upon or used for any other project without an independent check being carried out as to its suitability and prior written authority of Mott MacDonald being obtained. Mott MacDonald accepts no responsibility or liability for the consequences of this document being used for a purpose other than the purposes for which it was commissioned. Any person using or relying on the document for such other purpose agrees, and wil l by such use or reliance be taken to confirm his agreement to indemnify Mott MacDonald for a l l loss or damage resulting therefrom. Mott MacDonald accepts no responsibility or liability for this document to any party other than the person by whom i t was commissioned.

Consolidated Environmental Assessment Summary DRAFT /04/B/February 2004



Table of Contents

s1

s2

s2.1

s2.2

S2.3

s3

S3.1

S3.2

s3.3

s3.4

s3.5

s4

s5

S5.1

S5.2

s5.3

s5.4

s5.5

S6

s7

S8

S8.1

S8.2

S8.3

S8.4

S8.5

ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT ................................................................................................ 1

HUNAN PROVINCE ................................................................................................................. 1

HUDP Project Goals and Objectives ...................................................................................................... 2

HUDP EA Production ............................................................................................................................. 2

Project Cities ........................................................................................................................................... 3

THE NEED FOR THE PROJECT ............................................................................................ 4

Necessity Of PC1 .................................................................................................................................... 4

Necessity Of PC2 .................................................................................................................................... 5

Necessity Of PC3 .................................................................................................................................... 5

Necessity Of PC4 .................................................................................................................................... 6

Necessity Of PC6 .................................................................................................................................... 6

EA PREPARATION REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................... 7

OVERVIEW OF HUDP COMPONENT COMPONENTS ......................................................... 7

PC1 Comdor Component ....................................................................................................................... 9

PC2 Changsha Wastewater Component ................................................................................................ 11

PC3 Zhuzhou Clean Coal Component .................................................................................................. 12

PC4. CZT Logistics Centre Component ............................................................................................... 13

PC 6. Zhaoshan Scenic Area Component ............................................................................................. 14

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE .................................................................................................. 15

RELATED PROJECTS .......................................................................................................... 15

PROJECT BENEFITS ............................................................................................................ 17

.............................................................. 17

.............................................................. 19

PC1. Corridor Component .....................

PC2. Changsha Wastewater Component .....

PC3. Zhuzhou Clean Coal Component ..................................................

PC4. CZT Logistics Centre Componept

Zhaoshan Scenic Area Component ..

........................................................................ 22

............................................................... 22

Consolidsled Environmental Assessment Summaly D R A I T lO4/BIFebNw 2004



~

s9 SOCIAL IMPACTS ................................................................................................................. 23

S10 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS . GENERAL .......................................................................... 24

S i 1 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS. MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING . CONSTRUCTION PHASE ................................................................................................................... 24

S1l. l Summary of Construction-phase Impacts. Mitigations. Monitoring and Responsible Agencies .......... 25

S12 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS. MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING . OPERATION PHASE ........................................................................................................................... 36

s12.1

s12.2

S12.3

S12.4

S12.5

S12.6

S i 3

S14

S15

S i6

S16.1

S16.2

S16.3

S16.4

S16.5

S17

S17.1

S17.2

S17.3

S17.4

S18

Flood protection facilities (PC1) ........................................................................................................... 36

WWTP and Sewerage (PC2, PC4, PC6) ............................................................................................... 36

Coal Cleaning (PC3) ............................................................................................................................. 38

Logistics Centre facilities (PC4) ........................................................................................................... 40

Roads and Bridges (PCI, PC6) ............................................................................................................. 40

Scenic Area Infrastructure Operations (PC6) ................................................................................... : ... 41

HEPRl ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ................................................................. 41

EQUIPMENT AND TRAINING REQUIREMENTS ................................................................. 41

IMPACTS AND COSTS OF PLAN ........................................................................................ 42

LONG-TERM MONITORING OF THE PERFORMANCE OF HUDP .................................... 42

PC1 AEQR ............................................................................................................................................ 42

PC2 AEQR ............................................................................................................................................ 43

PC3 AEQR ............................................................................................................................................ 45

PC4 AEQR .................................................. ............................................................................ 46

PC6 AEQR ..................................................

ALTERNATIVES .................................................................................................................... 48

PC1 Flood Embankment and Roadway Options ................................................................................... 49

PC2 Options ..................................................................................................................

PC3 Options .......................................................................................................................................... 50

PC4 Options .......................................................................................................................................... 50

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ..................................................................................................... 51

Consolidated Environmenldl Assessment Summary DRAFI /04/BIFebNaty 2004


S18.1 Public Process ....................................................................................................................................... 51

S18.2 EA Public Disclosure ............................................................................................................................ 58

S19 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................. 59

520 FINAL CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................... 60

Consolidated Environmentdl Assessment S u m m q DRAFT /04/BIFebrudry 2004



Abbreviations and Acronyms ATP AEQR BOD CB CDAO CEDI

CHP CMDC

COD CPUB cso CZT CTZ E10

CZTILC CUDIC

CWM CMG DO DRA DWF DG EA EL4 E10 E R R EMP ENFI

EEB

FEF FIRR FSR HIECC

HF'PDC

HUDP HZCCC HEPB HEPRI

HUEIAC

IAs ICB

IDC IDP IDS

Ability to pay Annual Environmental Quality Report Biochemical Oxygen Demand Coal briquette Changsha Drainage Administration Office Changsha Municipal Engineering Design Institute Cultural heritage plan Changslia Municipal Drainage Company

Chemical oxygen demand Changsha Public Utilities Bureau Combined sewer ovei-flow Changsha - Zhuzhou Xiangtan Changsha-Xiangtan-Zhuzhou Economic Integration Office CZT lntemarional Logistics Co Ltd Changsha Urban Development Investment Co., Ltd Coal water mixture Changsha Municipal Government Dissolved oxygen Design, review & advisory consultant Dry weather j l ow (sewage) Domestic garbage Environment assessment Environment impact assessment Ecological Integrated Office Economic internal rate of return Environmental management plan ENFI Beijing Central Engineering & Research Institute for Non-ferrous Metallurgical Industries

Ecologic and economic belt

Front-end,fee Financial internal rate of rerurn Feasibility srudy report Hunan International Engineering Consulting Company Hunan Provincial Planning and Development Commission Hunan Urban Development Project Hunan Zhuxi Clean Coal Co Ltd Hunan Environmental Protection Bureau Hunan Environmental Protection Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Centre of Hunan University Implementing agencies International competitive bidding

Interest during construction Institutional development plan Interest during construction

LAR LC LG MOC MOF mu

NCB NCEDRI

NPV NPC

NDRC O & M OD

PAD PAP

PC PIP PIU PLG PMO PPMO PPP PRC PS PV RAP RMB

SDPC

SEPA ss SWDC TA

TOR

TP TN voc

TVIE UDIC

UTU WB

wsc WTP WW

Land acquisition and resettlement Leading consultant Leading group Ministry of Construction Mini.stry of Finance Chinese mu ( Ihectare equals IS mu)

National competitive bidding North China Municipal Engineering Design Research Institute Net present value National People's Congress

National Developmenr and Reform Commission Operation and maintenance Oxygen demand

Project Appraisal Document (WB) Project afiected person

Project componenr Project implementation plan Project implementation unit Project leading group Project management office (Municipal level) Provincials projecr management office Project procurement plan People's Republic of China Pumping station Present value Resettlement action plan Chinese currency (Yuan)

State Development and Planning Commission

State Environmenr Protection Administration Suspended solids Solid Waste Disposal Company Technical assistance

Terms ofrrference

Total phosphorous Total Nitrogen Vehicle operation cost Township and village indusrrial enrerprise

Urban Development Iniwrment Company Ltd.

Undertaking Unit (si ye dan wei) World Bank (lnternarional Bank fur Reconstruction and Development) Water Supply Company Willingness to pay Wastewater

Consolidated Environmental Assessment Summary DRAFT /04/BFebruaq 2004


INS International or national shopping WWTP Wastewater treatment plant IST Instirutional strengthening and training Z l T D C Zhaoshan Tourism and Trade Development

Corporation ZSA Zhaoshan Scenic Area

Consolidated Environmental Assessment Summary DRAFT /04/BiFebruary 2004



Environmental Assessment of the Hunan Urban Development Project (HUDP), Hunan Province, China Hunan Province has sought World Bank assistance for the Hunan Urban Development Project (HUDP), which wil l contribute to sustainable urban development in the Changsha-Xiangtan-Zhuzhou (CZT) region through selected investments to address priority needs, capacity building and institutional development. I t i s currently proposed that the loan application be presented to the Bank Board for approval in June 2004.

This report provides a summary of the Environmental Assessment Report - Main Report and Appendices, for the HUDP. The EIA Centre o f Hunan Provincial Institute of Environmental Protection Science & Design (HEPRI) was responsible for compilation of the consolidated EIA report o f HUDP with the assistance of the DRA Consultant (Mott MacDonald). HEPRI and the E IA Research Institute o f Hunan University respectively prepared the component EIA reports.

S1 Environmental Context

Due to i t s geographical location, China i s endowed with weather events o f strong spatial and seasonal variations. The annual precipitation amount ranges from more than 2000 mm in Southeast to less than 200 mm in Northwest. In fact, the Great Wall, the frontier between nomadic and agriculture societies, can be viewed as a divide between regions with and without sufficient water resources for agriculture planting. In majority o f China, 60% - 80% precipitation occurs during the summer season. The highly concentrated precipitation events naturally lead to two frequent water problems: either too much water (flooding) or too l i t t le water (drought).

Water resources are relatively abundant in Hunan Province, as compared to many parts of China, but there i s s t i l l a problem with insufficient water resources for assimilation of wastes, and overall poor water quality. The water quality of the Xiangjiang River has been deteriorating in recent years, and has been recently been very poor due to extreme low-flows during the winter of 2003-2004.

S2 Hunan Province

From 1996 to 2000, GDP, per capita GDP and financial revenue annually increased by 9.7% and 9% and 9.3% respectively, and the proportion of urban population grew by 18.25%. Environmental protection i s being developed in a coordinated way with the society and economy. The environmental quality i s evolving from the overall deterioration and partial improvement experienced five years ago, to basic control of the deterioration, and some cities and areas are much improved. The environmental protection has made positive contributions to the continual, rapid and healthy development of the economy in Hunan Province. Although investment input in the ninth five-year plan on environmental protection accounted for 0.75% of GDP (0.35% higher than that of the eighth five-year plan), Hunan i s s t i l l faced with such environmental protection challenges as:

b Serious urban air pollution and acid rain pollution;

Water pollution, particularly in the sections of river passing through cities, which

Increased urban garbage and solid waste pollution, disturbance of noise to residents;

Macro-economic pressure on environmental protection.

b

imposed threaten to the safety o f drinking water sources for some urban areas;

b

b Ecological deterioration; and

b

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1 DRAFl


In the period o f the Tenth Five-year Plan, the economy in Hunan i s planned for fast growth at average annual growth rate o f 9%. The economy o f Hunan Province w i l l enter into an accelerated industrialisation, agricultural industrialisation and urbanisation process. Energy demands w i l l rise continually. In the near future, the structural pollution due to industrial economy, which was based on resource exploration, cannot be changed fundamentally in a short period.

According to the spirit o f Outline o f the Tenth Five-year Plan for Development o f Economy and Society in Hunan, Hunan Development Planning Commission and Hunan Environmental Protection Bureau worked out the Tenth Five-year Plan for Environmental Protection in Hunan, which included the provincial environmental objectives as below:

e B y 2005, a sound environmental protection institution and management system led by government, promoted by market, participated by public within the legal system wi l l be further improved.

e Environmental pollution wi l l be mitigated ‘year by year’ and ecological conservation

e Environment Quality in general w i l l be stabilised with some improvement.

and improvement w i l l make significant achievement.

Environment quality in the major cities and regions w i l l be improved.

S2.1 HUDP Project Goals and Objectives

Some o f the key issues affecting the development o f the CZT Region include: frequent flooding o f the Xiangjiang River; high levels o f pollution in the Xiangjiang River, with the domestic pollution from Changsha requiring priority attention; air pollution due to the use o f high sulphur coal; under-utilisation o f Zhuzhou’s potential as a transport hub; and under-utilisation o f the potential o f the riverfront and historical areas on the banks o f Xiangjiang f i v e r for improved liveability..

The objectives of HUDP (including the components related to energy, transportation, f lood control, tourism, urban wastewater treatment and ecological improvement) are consistent with and foster the environmental objectives of the Tenth Five-year Plan. The HUDP wi l l accrue benefits to the improvement o f urban environment quality, water quality in Xiangjiang River, landscape ecology, the reduction o f air pollution, the enhancement o f flood control and the promotion o f tourism development. I t i s a very important move in implementing C Z T regional plan.

The implementation o f HUDP wi l l vigorousIy raise the levels o f central wastewater treatment rates and; treating and reducing wastewater pollutant loads w i l l help realize the control objectives o f total pollutant discharge amounts; effectively controlling the environmental pollution tendency and meeting the standard o f surface water during the period o f the Tenth Five-year Plan. The appearances, styles and grades o f the project cities can be much upgraded through environmental rehabilitation and water environment quality improvement, laying a solid foundation for the sustainable development o f the province in the future.

S2.2 HUDP EA Production

The EIA Centre o f Hunan Provincial Institute o f Environmental Protection Science & Design (HEPRI) was responsible for compilation o f the consolidated EIA report o f HUDP. HEPRI and the EL4 Research Institute of Hunan University prepared the component EIA reports. Founded in 1970s, HEPRI i s one o f the earliest provincial-level research institutes in China. . The institute has passed the examination o f the National Environmental Protection Bureau, and it holds a Grade 1 EIA Certificate (National Environmental Assessment Certificate Grade 1, NO. 2702). HEPRI have

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summery /04/B/Februdry 2004

2 D R A m



performed a wide variety o f environmental studies in the CZT region, including regional acid rain studies, water quality studies o f the Xiangjiang River and tributaries, and non-point source pollution and erosion control.

S2.3 Project Cities

Changsha

The Changsha municipality i s situated i n the northeast part of Hunan Province. I t i s located in the transit area between the river valley plain of the lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River, with Dongting Lake to i t s north and Hengshan Mountain i n the south. The Xiangjiang River divides the city into the east and west sections. The Changsha municipality covers an area of 11,800 km2, of which 554 km’is the urban area.

Changsha i s the capital of Hunan Province. I t i s rich in tourism, mineral and biological resources, and i t i s also the industrial, agricultural, and commercial base of Hunan Province. I n 2000, the GDP of the city was RMB 65.641 Billion. The annual average growth rate o f GDP i s over 11%. The total production value of industry and agriculture was RMB 73.727 billion. The FSR i s reported a total population of 5.83 million in 2000 and the urban population was 1.86 million.

Xiangtan

The Xiangtan Municipality i s located in the eastem part of Hunan Province, in the middle and lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River with Changsha upstream and Zhuzhou downstream. I t covers an area of 5,015km2 o f which the urban area covers an area o f about 279km2, o f which 61km2 are built up areas. The city had a total population of 2.8M at the end of year 2000 and the population within the urban area was 671,300. I t i s within the CZT Economic Zone of Hunan Province. The length o f the Xiangjiang River within Xiangtan i s 42km in length of which 4.7km i s within the urban area.

The width o f the Municipality from west to east i s about 18Okm and the length from north to south i s about 81 km. I t i s bounded to the north by three counties: Ningxiang, Wangcheng and Changsha, to the east are Zhuzhou urban district and Zhuzhou County, to the south are Hengdong, Hengshan and Shuangfeng counties and to the west i s Loudi and Lianyuan cities. Mountains and hills surround the city. The middle area i s comparatively flat. The general elevation i s between 40 and 70 meters. The Xiangjiang River crosses the Xiangtan urban district in an “S” shape from south to north.

The Xiangtan Municipality i s rich in natural resources particularly i n minerals, hydropower and tourism. I t i s an important industrial city and at the same time i t has also topped the agricultural production and average living standard in the Hunan Province. The FSR reports that up to the end o f 2000, the GDP o f the city was 22.47 billion RMB, up by 9.44% compared with the previous year. The total production value o f agriculture, forestry and fishery was 5.26 billion RMB, up by 1.28% compared with the year before. The total industry production value was 25.86 billion RMB, up by 12.57% compared with the year before.

Zhaoshan

Zhaoshan scenic area i s located i n the northeast of Xiangtan municipality. I t i s the hub joining the three cities and the important junction o f the Xiangjiang ecological economy belt. I t covers an area of 17 km2, of which Zhaoshan hill covers 2.24 km2, and Yantian Lake covers 1.98 km2. To the north i s Muyun Town of Changsha, to the east i s Baima Town of Zhuzhou, to the south i s Hetang Village, and to the west i s the Xiangjiang River.

Zhaoshan area boasts abundant natural resources, particularly biological and tourism resources. The landform of the Zhaoshan area i s steeply sloping from the northeast to the southwest. The southwest

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summary lO4IBFebruary 2004

3 DRAFT



o f the area i s river valley plain, o f which the lowest point i s i n Wujiagang, 29.6 m above sea level. The southwest plain i s generally flat with an elevation lower than 50 m. The h i l l y area in the northeast belongs to the southeast branch o f the Hengshan Mountain range. The general elevation i s between 150-300 m, in which Zhaoshan i s approximately 173 m above sea level

Zhuzhou

The Zhuzhou municipality i s located i n the eastern part o f Hunan Province and the middle and lower reaches o f Xiangjiang River. I t covers an area o f 11,272 km2, o f which 542km’are urban. The urban area joins Zhuzhou County in the southeast, Xiangtan in the west, Changsha County in the north. The Xiangjiang River passes through from south to north and divides the city into east and west sections. This urban area comprises the old town on the east side o f the river, and a newer area on the west side o f the r iver designated for development. The total population was 3.72M in 2000, with an urban population o f 748,500.

The general landform i s higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest. I t i s composed o f varying topography. The width o f the municipality from the east to west i s 88.75km and the length f rom south to north i s 219.25km. The proposed scenic road i s situated in Zhuzhou urban area and Zhuzhou County. The general elevation o f the project area i s 39 to 42m.

Zhuzhou i s an industrial city well known for non-ferrous metal metallurgy and processing, machinery, chemistry and building materials. I t i s also rich in minerals, hydropower and forestry resources. Agriculture output i s high in grain, fruits, and animal husbandry. The GDP in 2000 was 29.14 Bi l l ion RMB Yuan, with 8.83M Yuan o f the city. The total production value o f industry and agriculture was 54.93 Bi l l ion RMB Yuan. The economic strength o f Zhuzhou has been enhanced significantly since the early 1980s.

S3 The Need for the Project

The overall need for HUDP i s fully described for each HUDP project component in Chapter 2 o f the full EA. The HUDP project benefits by component project are ful ly described in Chapter 5 o f the EA.

S3.1 Necessity Of PCl

The main f lood control objective o f the PC1 component was to increase the level o f f lood protection and to maximise the area for urban development, making full use o f the existing flood-control facilities, while increasing landscape potential. The flood protection benefits are based on estimated land and property value increments.

Due to the region’s geographical superiority, many studies on the economic integration o f C Z T region have been performed. The “Xiangjiang Ecological and Economic Belt” and the “Xiangjiang Scenic Belt” studies by national and international experts both proposed CZT integration. In April o f 2001, “the Xiangjiang River Ecological Economic Belt” was listed in The Tenth Five-Year Plan for CZT Economic Integration in Hunan. Fol low b y this strategic decision, additional conceptual design, and master plan for Xiangjiang Ecology and Economic belt are development that proposes to use the Xiangjiang as a connecting link, to develop the region as a integrated corridor that combines the function for flood control, ecological green landscape, tourist and scenery. The proposed corridor component serves the purpose o f improved flood control and recreational scenic road i s the initiative inseparable part o f the ecological and economic belt. The corridor i s o f significant and w i l l play extraordinary role in urbanisation, flood control and disaster alleviation, ecological improvement, transportation improvement. I t f i t s to Hunan’s national economic and development plan.

Consolidated Environmenlal Appraisal Summary l04lBFebruary 2004

4 DRAFT



The objectives of the PCl Xiandiang River Scenic Roads are: e Building new (or strengthening and raising existing) embankment along the

Xiangjiang River and building roads whose primary purpose wil l be to serve recreational and tourist traffic, motorised and non-motorised.

e Deciding on design parameters including project configuration by section, scale (number of lanes), functionality (number of lanes dedicated to motorised, non- motorised, public transit and/or private vehicular traffic), staging, and timing (of construction and completion).

S3.2 Necessity Of PC2

The main reasons for the construction of PC2 are: Further improvement of the catchment, drainage and discharge system to pave the

Increase the rate of the wastewater treatment to protect the water quality of Liuyang

way for betterment o f l i fe quality and sustainable development;

and Xiangjiang Rivers. e

Changsha i s one o f the key environmental protection cities in China. In recent years, for rapid development of industry and increase of population, the amount o f wastewater increased to about 850,000 m3/d. At present, the total treatment capacity of No.1 and No.2 Municipal WWTP i s only 320,000 m3/d. This i s far short of the requirement of ‘the Policy o f Urban Wastewater Treatment and Prevention and Control of Pollution’ in which ‘the wastewater treatment rate in key cities should be no less than 70%. A large amount of untreated wastewaters are directly discharged into Xiangjiang River and Liuyang Rivers, and the river water i s severely polluted. After this project, the wastewater treatment rate in Changsha w i l l reach 51.8%, which wi l l greatly reduce the wastewater impact upon Liuyang River, and downstream on Xiangjiang River.


Project Meets the State and Provincial Policies

PC3 i s a project of processing raw coal and studying, developing, producing and popularising the cleaner coal. I t meets the State energy structure policies, and i s one o f the key projects defined in ‘the Implementation Plan o f Prevention and Control of Acid Rain and SO2 o f Hunan Province.

Caters To Atmospheric Quality Improvement Needs

Hunan has abundant coal resources. The annual production of raw coal i s 22,000,000 tons, o f which 50% are of high sulphur and ash content. Buming o f these sulphur coal has resulted in heavy pollution of the atmospheric environment and the CZT Area i s the centre of central China acid-rain zone. I t ranked number one in China i n the 1990s with an acid-rain frequency of over 95%; and according to the monitoring statistics in 2000, the acid-rain frequency was 48.7 - 62.35% and the annual p H average value i s 4.77 - 4.91.

Serves its Own Needs

The HZCCC i s one o f the key enterprises i n coal cleaning in China, with a production capacity o f 2,400,000 t/a. However, the actual annual production i s only about 400,000 tons, with most of i t s

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summary /04iB/Februaq 2004

5 DRAFT



capacity left unused. Furthermore, after having been running for over 40 years, some o f the equipment i s nearly running out of service l i fe and need upgrading.

Cleaner coal techniques are encouraged by the State Energy Industry Policies and this brings an opportunity to the HZCCC. For after years o f study on the cleaner coal techniques and exploitation o f markets, the HZCCC has been specialised in popularisation and industrialisation o f coal cleaning techniques. Construction o f this project wi l l increase the competitive power o f the enterprise and help boost provincial development.


The logistic service in Hunan i s now at i t initial stage with small sized service, under-developed when compared to larger potential demand. The Xianing Harbor in Changsha (now under construction) i s the only large-sized one providing only waterways transportation service. Although there are also many other small-scale logistic service providers i n this region, they provide single way (highway transportation) due to the limitation o f geographical locations and financing. The logistic service in the CZT Area i s developing in a disorderly and redundant way. There i s an urgent need to bui ld an integrated modem logistic centre.

The CZT area has the most centralised and complete industries in Hunan. With opening-up and reform policy, the export-oriented economy i s being developed rapidly. At the end o f the 20th century, the provincial government put forward the strategic idea o f an integrated CZT economy, which aims at developing the CZT area into an integrated ecological, modern urban cluster and a concentration o f high and new technological industries, to increase i t s international competitive power. In the past, although the three cities are geographically close to each other, they made plans for their own development and there was a lack o f mutual communication among cities, which led to redundant investment and construction. For this reason, the provincial government worked out the CZT Plan o f Integrated Industry in 2002, in which the PC4 came into being for its advantaged geographical and traffic location.

The construction o f PC4, by bringing the processes o f production, circulation and sale together, w i l l facilitate the cooperative development o f regional economy and sharing o f resources, and w i l l be o f great importance in improved economic integration. I t i s crucial to bui ld a large-scale, normative and highly modernised logistic centre according to the present situation in the C Z T Area.


Mount Zhaoshan i s well known as one o f the Eight Most Beautiful Sceneries in Hunan for its abundant cultural relic and elegant landscape. However, for historic reasons, some sight spots have been artificially destroyed or aged naturally. Therefore, construction o f this project w i l l repair the natural and cultural landscape, protect the eco-environment and elevate the influence o f traditional Hunan culture.

The construction o f this project i s one o f the content o f ‘Master Plan o f the Xiangjiang Ecological & Economic Belt’. With the construction o f PC1 corridor component, the beautiful scenery, the traditional Huxiang cultural and the regional history could be well incorporated in the Xiangjiang ecologic and economic belt. The Zhaoshan scenic area w i l l also add on the landscaping o f PC1 corridor. Hence, the construction o f PC6 i s o f great importance and has a logical basis.

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6 D R A R



S4 EA Preparation Requirements

The Environmental Assessment (EA) for this project was based on the following directives and guidance documents (note: n/a means not applicable):

0 World Bank Operational Directives:

0

0

0

0

0 Cultural Property (OPN 11.03)

0

0 Involuntary Resettlement (OD 4.30)

0

0

Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01, BP 4.01, GP 4.01)

Natural habitats (OP 4.04, BP 4.04, GP 4.04)

Forestry (OP 4.36, GP 4.36) - n/a

Pest Management (OP 4.09) - n/a

Indigenous Peoples (OD 4.20) - none in the project area according to RAP

Safety of Dams (OP 4.37, BP 4.37) - n/a

Projects in International Waters (OP 7.50, BP 7.50, GP 7.50) - n/a

Projects in Disputed Areas (OP 7.60, BP 7.60, GP 7.60) - n/a

0 World Bank Environmental Assessment Sourcebooks, Volumes 1-3, Technical Papers 139, 140, and 154.

World Bank Environmental Assessment Updates 1-28, to June 2002.

World Bank HUDP Project Aide Memoirs (dated 23 Nov 98,06-14 May 99, 26 June 99, 17 Nov 99,9 M a y 00, 8 July 00,22 June 02).

0

0

0 SEPA Standard HJ/T 2.1-2.3, 1993, Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment, 1993-09-1 8 published, 1994-04-01 in effect.

Class A project determination by World Bank. 0

S5 Overview of HUDP Component Components

The Xiangjiang Ecological and Economic Belt (EEB) consists o f CZT sections o f Xiangjiang River and its river shore, about 649 square km in total. I t starts at Kongzhou Island in the south to Yueliangdao in the north, and i s planned for protecting and enhancing the regional eco-environment, optimising the landscape and scenery as well as developing the economy. Via analyses o f regional status, conditions, characteristics and situation, the function o f the EEB can be classified as that o f an ecological green valley, o f a scenic necklace and o f an economic corridor.

A major focus o f the HUDP from the onset was the economic integration o f the three CZT cities, and sustainable and integrated economic and environmental planning. Several planning studies for the CZT region have stressed the importance o f improved environmental and other infrastructure in meeting the provincial sustainable development goals including the following:

0 China City Development Strategies Final Report: Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan, Chreod, 2002.

International Consultation on Concept Plan for Ecology & Economic Belt in Xiangjiang River, LOBERMEYER PLANEN+BERATEN, 2001.

0

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7 DRAFT



0 Master Plan on Xiangjiang River Ecology & Economic Belt Development, China Urban Planning Design Institute, 2002.

Components o f the proposed project were determined based on discussions between Hunan Province and a number o f Bank missions during 2002. Hunan Province has since confirmed these components after further discussions with the three municipalities, with various provincial agencies, and with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC).

The World Bank and Hunan Province worked closely during 2001-2002 to identify an array o f potential project components, and to develop a list o f ready component based on a variety o f criteria, including readiness to proceed. The six candidate components emerged f rom this process, although PC5 subsequently was funded b y local funds in Xiangtan.

During this time, preliminary environmental review o f the proposed HUDP projects indicated that the impacts were potentially widespread and far-reaching, and that resettlement was significant. As such, the HUDP was classified as a Category A project for World Bank EA preparation.

The HUDP proposed the fol lowing priority investments:

PC1 - The Corridor Component, to improve flood control measures and develop recreational (scenic) roads odalong the embankment, in four selected sections o f the three municipalities.

PC2 - The Changsha Wastewater Component, to increase the percentage o f sewage treated in the urban areas o f the municipality, and to develop the Changsha Municipal Drainage Company (CMDC) into an autonomous public utility operating on commercial principles.

PC3 - The Zhuzhou Clean Coal Component, to reduce air pollution through the production and sale o f l ow sulphur coal and ensuring i ts use.

PC4 - The C Z T Logistics Centre Component, to better utilise Zhuzhou’s locational advantages as a major transport hub and to create employment opportunities.

PC5 - Xiangtan No. 4 Bridge Component, to provide for a continued smooth f low o f traffic across the Xiangjiang River in Xiangtan in the medium term. (The Xiangtan No.4 Bridge Component has been removed from the Project)

PC6 - Zhaoshan Scenic Area Component, to conserve and improve the surroundings o f eight old temples and historic relics, o ld trees and plantations, and supporting infrastructure for visitors.

Institutional development and capacity building w i l l complement the investment components through the provision o f technical assistance. Capacity building and training for the C Z T Economic Integration Office i s also an important project component. The general locations of the project components are shown in Figure S.l, while Figure S.2 provides a more detailed map o f the CZT project area showing the proposed HUDP components.

The five components o f the proposed C Z T Urban Development Project are located in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan cities, which are at the middle and lower reaches o f Xiangjiang River. The layout o f the three cites resembles a triangle wi th Xiangjiang River connecting the cities. The distance between the three cities i s within 50km. The region i s an outstanding urban cluster in central China. With economic globalisation, a tentative plan for economic integration o f Chang-Zhu-Tan was proposed and was included as one o f the plans in China’s tenth five-year development program.

To foster CZT integration, a department was set up by Hunan Provincial Government that i s responsible for the implementation o f actions related to CZT economic integration. “A Chang-Zhu-

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8 D R A F T


6.57 4.62 persons


9.43 5.07 A total

Tan Urban Cluster Regional Plan" was prepared, which include the core contexts o f conserving the region's ecology, combating wi th environmental pollution, consummating the distribution of cities and towns, expanding spaces o f urban area, grouping o f industry, optimizing transportation system, establishing logistic platform for material exchange and improving energy structure, etc.

The proposed CZT HUDP project includes components relating to energy, transportation, flood control, tourism, urban wastewater treatment and ecological improvement. I t w i l l result in improvement o f urban environment quality, water quality in Xiangjiang River, landscape ecology, the reduction o f air pollution, the enhancement o f flood control and the promotion o f tourism development. T h e H U D P i s an integral strategy in implementing the C Z T regional plan.

I I I I

100 million 23.26 24.74 113.55 13.05 Yuan

S5.1 PCl Corridor Component

i s 21.73km.

The proposed project aims to greatly strengthen the flood prevention capability o f the CZT ecological corridor, and to improve the present eco-environment, to develop the integrated economy and facilitate the development o f tourism, and ecologically improve the regional economy and people's life quality. The current flood control system differs greatly between urban and rural areas in the ecological corridor. The flood-control infrastructure i s s t i l l weak, even absent, in the rural areas along the Xiangjiang River. Table S . l provides the main contents o f PC1 Corridor:

Year

Year

year year

Year

'able S.l M a i n Contexts o f PC 1

20-30 10-30 30-50 10-30

5 3 3 5

2010 2010 2010 2010 50-100 50 100 50-100

10 10 10 10

Suburb

I I Existing Embankment

grade

km place km

m'

Protected Population IBasic 1 Conditions Gross Output Value o f

Main Main Urban RoadI RoadI Area

21.73 6.25 11.38 33.07 13 11 13 42

2.40 0.24 1 .oo 0.80

255158.0 58420.0 169573.0 502584.0

Fixed Assets Control Protection Area

Flood Control Existing Status o f Drainage Design Level Year

Design Standard

Road Standard

I I

IEngineering I ( 1 ) Road Works

Works on access

Unit Quantities Remarks

21.75

100 million I I I I 6.79 llength o f Xiangtan Yuan 12.17 13.03 57.35

I 3 grade I County and

1 Areas I Secondary I Secondary 1 Main

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summary 9 D R A F T /04/B/February 2004



Name of I t e m unit Serial No. k Remarks Quantities Changsha 1 Zhaoshan I Xiangtan I Zhuzhou

Construct- i on Content o f Works

Traffic Facilities Bridge Culvert (2) Flood Control

section Section Section Section km 21.73 6.25 11.38 33.02 m' 1400 380 2040 1015 &place 4 1 14 4

Installed Capacity of Electric Drainage Station

I I I I I I I

piecelkw 2814600 1113430 613430 1613030

Embankment raising

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summary 10 DRAFT /04/B/Februaty 2004


Pavement 10,OOOmL g Drainage 10,000m’

Bridge mL 6 Culvert seat

1 Serial NO.

25.52 5.84 16.96 50.26 1.30 0.50 3.30 2.80 1400 380 2040 1015 4 1 14 4

lU,UUUII I Protection

Works on access junctions access junctions

km 2.40 0.24 1.00 0.80

13 11 13 42 place

This component i s described along the river as four sections: Zhuzhou, urban areas o f Xiangtan, Zhaoshan o f Xiangtan and Changsha, wi th total length o f about 72.38km. Besides the main flood embankment and scenic road facilities, there are a variety o f subprojects along the corridor involving drainage channel improvements, sluices, pumping stations, roadway accesses, etc.

S5.2 PC2 Changsha Wastewater Component

The project area for the HUDP wastewater component i s limited to the Changshanyuan catchment area o f Changsha, which forms one o f seven drainage zones in the H e Dong (East Bank) area o f the Changsha urban area. The area o f the Changshanyuan drainage zone i s about 18 km2 out o f the total planned urban area o f the city in 2020 o f 367 km’. The Changshanyuan drainage zone i s bounded in the north and north-east b y the Liuyang River (a tributary o f the Xiangjiang), in the south-east b y the Guitang River, in the south by Shiba Road and in the west by Chezhan Road. I t i s relatively planar with a slight gradient falling f rom south to north and ground level varying between 34.00 m and 31.00 m above datum. T h e area i s protected by the Changshanyuan flood embankment, which has a crest level o f 38.00 m above datum. The Jingguang (main) railway runs on a northhouth axis towards the western side o f the zone.

The need for a comprehensive primary collection network and centralised wastewater treatment facility for this area o f Changsha city i s apparent to meet the objectives o f the City Master Plan as well as national and CMG’s water quality objectives. To meet the needs o f Changshanyuan area wastewater collection, treatment and disposal, the procurement o f two principal sub-components i s proposed:

A centralised WWTP with treated effluent disposal to the Liuyang River;

Completion o f the primary collection system in the service area and infrastructure for 0

transfer of intercepted f low to the WWTP and disposal o f excess stormwater.

The W T P was originally to be located in the north o f the Changshanyuan service area but the site was determined to be unsuitable and an alternative site extending to 11 hectares has been designated outside the service area on the east bank o f the Liuyang river in an area known as Xi long Village. The proposed WWTP wi l l be designed to provide secondary treatment meeting Class 1 effluent standards

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to GB18918 -2002. The capacity i s set at 120,000 m3/d designed to cater for flows from the Changshanyuan catchment up to 2010. Provision wi l l be made for extension of the WWTP to a total capacity o f 320,000 m3/d i n the second phase from 2010 to 2020.

The proposed process wi l l include preliminary treatment (coarse and fine screening and grit removal), extended aeration using the process known as 'AZO' followed by disinfection (chlorination) although the need for disinfection has yet to be fully determined. Discharge w i l l be to the Liuyang River adjacent to the WWTP. Sludge treatment wi l l include thickening, anaerobic digestion, dewatering and disposal o f stabilised sludge to landfill.

Normal ancillary buildings i n accordance with CJJ31-89 are proposed for the WWTP and site works including internal access roads and landscaping wi l l complete the scope of works. The proposed main sub-components of the wastewater collection network are summarised as follows:

0 Approximately 36.3 km o f combined sewer pipes and culverts ranging i n size from 1,000" pipelines to twin 8.0 m wide x 2.9 m deep box culverts to complete the primary wastewater collection network in the Changshanyuan catchment area;

Three combined sewer overflows (CSOs) to allow excess flow during heavy rainstorms to be separated from the flow to treatment stream; Three storm water pumping stations to l i f t excess stormwater overflowing from the CSOs to discharge into the Liuyang river with peak capacities as follows:

Central Area PS 46.0 m3/s with a l i f t of 7.6 m

Dongtundu PS 12.0 m3/s with a l i ft of 7.0 m

o Tingzigan PS 13.6 m3/s with a lift of 7.0 m

Approximately 5.3 km of gravity flow sewers ranging in size from 800" to 1,800mm diameter to transfer intercepted wastewater from the CSOs to a transfer pumping station;

0

0

0

0 A transfer pumping station of unspecified capacity and head to transfer intercepted flow to treatment to the WWTP. (The pumping station may be adjacent to or part o f the Central Area stormwater pumping station.)

A pumping main of 1,800" diameter, 1,600m long to transfer the intercepted wastewater flow from the transfer pumping station to the WWTP wjth a twin 1,200 mm diameter river crossing 450m long.

0

S5.3 PC3 Zhuzhou Clean Coal Component

PC3 entails the construction o f a series of coal water mixture and briquette manufacturing plants and the renovation of a coal washing plant in Zhuzhou to provide clean coal products to replace raw coal and fuel oil. I t wil l help reduce sulphur dioxide emissions in the CZT region. I t i s intended to serve as a pilot for other potential projects in the region in the future.

The monitoring statistics shows that the CZT atmospheric environment i s severely polluted by the burning o f coal, an acid-rain belt takes i t s shape from Yueyang City southward to Chenzhou City, the most polluted areas i n the whole country by acid rain. Therefore, the emerging CZT needs for cleaner energy and air quality drive the necessity of construction o f this project.

As an extension work, this component i s to be constructed in the Shanmutang Industrial District of Zhuzhou City, where the project client (Hurzaiz Zhuxi Clean Coal Co Lfd HZCCC) i s located. The proposed component includes following systerdworkshops:

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0 Coal preparation system: 1,000,000 t/a

0 500,000 t/a (phase 1250,000 t/a)

0 Coal briquette (CB) workshop 500,000 t/a (phase 1250,000 t/a)

Coal water mixture workshop (CWM)

According to the signed purchase agreement, there i s a demonstrated demand of over 4,440,000 tons per year of cleaner coal. Raw coal i s the main production material o f the HZCCC. The designed production capacity i s 1,800,000 tons per year of coal cleaning, and in 1991 was identified for production o f 2,400,000 tons by the Coal Resource Ministry. The combined techniques of jigging and flotation are introduced to produce washed coal and flotation coal. Most o f the current production capacity i s unused. Furthermore, the devices have aged after running for 40 years. The HZCCC has to find new ways for development.

The exhaust gases mainly come from loading and unloading of raw coal, crusher, and coal cleaning process. The gases consist mainly o f coal dust. HZCCC have installed respective control facilities for dust sources, including ventilators and dust catchers, to meet the emission standards. But, due to improper maintenance and long history, the effect of the dust catchers of the coal-unloading pit and No.2 workshop has degraded to a great extent.

A WWTP with a treatment capacity o f 360 cubic meters per day has been in operation since 1991 and has operated satisfactorily. Sedimentation and filtration techniques are used and the existing treatment capacity i s able to meet the proposed production. The coal refuse produced in the production process i s transported out and piled up in the coal refuse yard.

S5.4 PC4, CZT Logistics Centre Component

The implementation agency of the CZT Logistics Centre Component i s the Zhuzhou Yujiaping Railway Transportation Co. Ltd. This company i s a financially independent enterprise. The proposed CZT modern logistic centre i s based in existing Yujiaping railway yard of Hunan Zhuzhou Chemical Industry Group Co. L td in the north of Zhuzhou City. The proposed project component wi l l provide a wide range o f services to local exporters and importers to facilitate their logistics management, including transportation, storage, loading, packing, distribution, and customs processing.

The project component wil l be constructed in phases. The first phase mainly involves the construction o f modem logistic service, including functional blocks as multi-transport and containers block, modern storage block, distribution service block, office and service block, auxiliary production block, and power block. The Project wi l l have bulk goods capacity of 1 million tons, including 560,000 tons by railway, 440,000 tons by roads (including 132,000 tons distribution and delivery), and the capacity for international containers i s 30,000 standard boxes.

With China’s accession to WTO, urban strategic position o f CTZ Area increasing. Although the CZT Area i s the most economic developed region in Hunan Province with GDP taking up to about 1/3 of the province and completed industrial sectors, convenient railway, highway, expressway and navigation conditions, there i s no foreign trade port. The imports and exports of goods s t i l l rely on other cities, like Shanghai and Guangzhou, without tax-protection service. There i s no larger-sized modern physical distribution centre which combines highway, railway and waterway together to provide integrated network logistic services i n CZT Area. This indicates an urgent need to build an integrated logistic centre and to set up a foreign trade port and a tax-protection zone. T h i s wi l l make the advantage o f communication more flexible and practical, push the CZT urbanisation process well

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ahead, and speed up the integrated development o f CZT area, o f nearby provinces and even the national economy.

This component i s to be located at Yujiapin, Shifeng District, and Zhuzhou City. As a centre, i t i s designed to provide modern logistic services to CZT urban cluster. The centre w i l l include the fol lowing zones:

0 Bulk cargo and container zone

0 Modern Storage Zone (including common warehouse, customs supervision warehouse) covering an area o f 20,000 m2.

Distribution service zone (including an automatic warehouse)

Off ice zone (including a e-commercial information centre)

0

0

0 Production auxiliary zone

e Powerzone

S5.5 PC 6, Zhaoshan Scenic Area Component

Zhaoshan i s a famous, old-line mountain in Hunan Province, which i s located at the town o f Yijiawan, 20km north o f Xiangtan. I t ’ s an important infill among the three cities in both waterway and road transportation. The scenic area i s a key component o f the “General Plan o f Development o f Xiangjiang Ecological Economic Corridor.” For i t s situation advantages and scenic resources, the construction o f this project has far-reaching significance in developing the integrated economy, and protecting and improving the natural ecological environment as well.

The Zhaoshan Tourist and Trade Development Bureau (ZTTDB) are responsible for the Zhaoshan road section and flooding control component (as a part o f Xiangtan section of PC1) and Zhaoshan Scenic Area Component (PC6). The PC6 i s the focus o f social and physical cultural heritage, tourism, education, recreation, landscape, and ecological interests for the three Cities of Changsha, Zhuzhou, and Xiangtan.

The Zhaoshan Scenic Area Project i s the focus o f social and physical cultural heritage, tourism, education, recreation, landscape, and ecology interests for the three Cities o f Changsha, Zhuzhou, and Xiangtan. The project i s located beside the Xiangjiang River that i s some 350 -400 meters across and flows calmly for most o f the year offering opportunities for fishing, water based activities and sport. The Zhaoshan Mountain i s climbed with 800 steps and i s capped by the Buddhist Monastery begun in the Tang Dynasty 1200 years ago which gives dramatic views over the river and the surrounding countryside. The mountainous parkland and historic sites give opportunities for culture and recreation ai l the year round, and w i l l provide rural and ecological interests to the many visitors f rom the surrounding urban areas.

To the South and outside the project lies the village o f Hetang, full o f attractive townscape and itself worthy of good control over the style and materials o f any new construction, demanded as a result o f the boost to the local economy that the increased numbers o f future visitors w i l l bring. Further to the South and part of the areas regeneration i s a proposed lake beside the Xiangjiang River that w i l l consolidate existing smaller water areas used for fish farming.

To the West o f the river and in the surrounding countryside are places or houses associated with famous poets, writers, artists and politicians, such as Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, Peng Dehuai and Q i Baishi etc. The area i s steeped in history the archived documentation for which has been destroyed in the Cultural Revolution. Increased research than that anticipated in the project w i l l be required if the

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public are to learn o f the value and significance o f the places and people that give perspective to their history.

To the North o f the project site in the Changsha District are further mountains and valleys and lakes, offering similar recreation and exploration. The whole tourist zone potentially measures some 17 km2. Each o f the surrounding areas w i l l to different degrees impact on the visibility and complementary nature of each o f the areas. The realisation o f this project w i l l provide a significant model for similar sites, their use and presentation for the benefit o f the public.

S6 Technical Assistance

Table S.2 gives outline details o f the Technical Assistance (TA) packages as discussed between the World Bank and PPMO and DRA Consultant. An indication o f the sources o f funding i s also given. These TA packages w i l l be expanded during the period leading up to Project Appraisal.

Table S.2 HUDP - Draft List Of Technical Assistance Packages

As can be seen from this preliminary l i s t , these proposed TA packages can help to optimise the benefits achieved by the HUDP Components. In particular, TA 3.1 and 3.2 w i l l ensure that the benefits achieved b y the PC3 component are realised in Hunan Province and the CZT region, rather than having the clean coal products shipped elsewhere, driven by higher prices and market forces.

S7 Related Projects

There are a number o f “linked local projects” that are being bui l t with local funding, but having a direct effect on the HUDP component projects. Most o f these projects affect the PC1 corridor project.

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The HUDP EA has not analysed these projects in any detail, but the HUDP RAP has provided a framework for dealing with relocation according to national laws and regulations. These projects also have some direct cumulative impact with the HUDP project, especially in the area o f relocation.

The southem end o f the PC1 Xiangtan section connects to a local project called Shaoyaogang. The World Bank recently decided that this locally-funded project was an integral part o f this section due to making a closure for floodplain protection, as well as connecting the scenic road. The component EA and HEPRI H U D P EA were both completed prior to this decision being made. A t this point, this area i s to be added to the HUDP PC1 corridor component, but still be built wi th local funds.

The Water Resources Bureau prepared an FSR for this local project in 1996, and i t was agreed that this EA would include the environmental and social information contained in this FSR. The WRB FSR anticipated widening o f the Xiangjiang River in this area, as wel l as the flood protection, since this i s a remaining pinch point i n the river for navigation. This EA provides preliminary information from the WRB FSR on this project only.

The WRB listed the fol lowing positive impacts for this proposed project:

0 The recommended project proposes to widen the narrowest place (where the outfall o f Xianggang smelter i s located) b y additional 130m and deep excavate the river course by 6m to facilitate f lood discharge so that the water level at i t upper stream lowered by 0.2m at f lood level o f M O O year. In the mean time, the project would reduce the backwater coverage at bending embankment during flood season and avoid turbulence o f river water current.

The project would straighten the riverbank; reduce resistance o f the riverbank to water f low and increase velocity o f the river water. I t i s benefit to the degradation o f pollutants and the improvement o f river water quality.

The project w i l l facilitate the flood discharge and reduce flood water level and therefore, enhance flood protection level at i t s upper stream. The people at i ts upper reaches w i l l enjoy an improved safe production and l iving environment and keep social stability and sustainable development.

The straightened river embankment w i l l create more beautiful riverfront landscape and urban environment.

0

0

0

The WRB listed the fol lowing negative impacts for this proposed project:

0 The implementation o f the project w i l l occupy about 352.78 mu o f land resources, which w i l l further intensify the stress on urban land use. The project w i l l demolish a total o f 67765.57 m2 of buildings and resettle 2146 persons. The affected persons would have been suffered i f resettlement were not programmed properly.

During the construction, o i l spills from mechanical equipment would pollute water quality o f Xiangjiang River. Re-suspension o f sediment during dredging may pollute part o f the water area. However these impacts w i l l be eliminated after the project construction.

The intakes o f Xiangtan WTPs are located at upper stream; therefore, water supply o f Xiangtan City w i l l not be impacted. The construction site w i l l be along the riverbank, where the space i s wider; the waste gases emitted by mechanical equipment are easier to diffuse. The impact o f the project on air quality i s limited.

0

0

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0 The road built on the original embankment along sub-section from Wanfu Temple to Jiangbei embankment management office w i l l be cut o f f during construction due to abolishment of the embankment, which w i l l cause inconvenience to local residents.

The excavation to widen the river course and building the a new embankment w i l l strip part o f the top soil and destroy vegetation, which w i l l cause soil erosion during the construction.

0

O f particular note i s the World Bank funded Waterways I1 hydroelectric dam being constructed upstream o f Zhuzhou, at the southern end o f the Zhuzhou PC1 corridor sub-project. The Waterways I1 project has also improved navigation in the Zhuzhou and Xiangtan region through dredging and improved boat facilities within the PC1 corridor area, and the south end o f the PC1 Zhuzhou corridor connects to roads being constructed for this project.

S8 Project Benefits

S8.1 PC1, Corridor Component

The main flood control objective o f the PC1 component was to increase the level o f flood protection and to maximise the area for urban development, making full use of the existing flood-control facilities, while increasing landscape potential. The flood protection benefits are based on estimated land and property value increments.

Benefits may be grouped into two parts: (a) benefits relating to the flood protection provided by the dyke strengthening works; and (b) benefits associated with the use o f the road.

Flood protection benefits

The failure o f the dyke to provide protection at times o f extreme flood leads to costs in the surrounding area. Between 1950 and 1998 there were 15 mild and serious disaster years with flooding and waterlogging consequences. The dyke i s able to withstand only a 10 to 15 year return flood. The costs associated with the frequency o f such floods include: damaged and collapsed residences; interruption to economic enterprises comprising agriculture and fish ponds, industry and commerce; damaged public facilities including schools, roads and infrastructure. Apart from the immediate local impacts o f flooding, sections o f No. 107 National Highway are in the potential flood zone. The national railway in the area would be protected and i s not at risk. Telecommunication cables pass through the area are also at risk o f being disrupted.

In addition to the costs o f flooding, costs are incurred at times o f flood alert when the civilian population and military are called out to undertake temporary embankment strengthening and raising. Unfortunately, these costs are not estimated directly b y the authorities and i t has not been possible to include the savings in these costs in the benefit estimates.

Urban development has been taking place in the flood plain, but the rate has been moderated by the flood risks. I t i s evident that the rate o f economic and urban development would increase as the protection level increases and that this growth would be greater than normal (Le. average) rate o f economic growth elsewhere in the region due to i t s location advantages. Thus, i t i s reasonable to assume in the with versus without comparison there w i l l be a growth in benefit estimates to reflect the changing urbanization patterns which would take advantage o f the release o f floodplain land from the threat o f frequent floods.


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The flood protection benefit which i s assumed for this Component i s protection f rom over-topping the dyke. In some dyke improvement economic assessments (such as the assessment for the Bank supported China - Yangtze Dike Strengthening Project) the existing dyke has been considered to be at risk o f failure as well as overtopping. Naturally there i s a risk o f failure during any f lood event, even those which are not sufficient to overtop the dyke. But these risks are considered, in this case, to be slight and the risk analysis for failure other than overtopping has not been undertaken.

The expected value o f the flood protection benefits i s the product o f the savings in costs and the probability o f a f lood occurring due to overtopping. I t has been possible to calculate the risk adjusted expected NPV o f the flood in the “without improvement” case compared with the “with improvement” case by inspection o f past floods data. The available data provides the loss for each o f the four river sections (source: Feasibility Study, January 2004) for: assets and industry production losses; agricultural losses; and, traffic and travel disruption.

Data exists on the variable frequency o f floods o f different severity. The losses vary wi th the severity o f the flood. Estimates o f the losses have been made based on historical costs for different flood levels. Thus i t has been possible to construct an expected N P V for the dyke improvement benefits based on the schedule o f losses against costs o f losses for different flood frequencies. The protection provided b y the works to the dyke i s not absolute, o f course. There w i l l remain a risk o f flooding on a 1 in 50 year basis in the rural areas and 1 in 100 year basis in the urban areas. However, these 1 5 0 and 1:lOO year flood events are common to the with and without improvement scenarios and need not enter into the economic assessment o f the improvement works. Benefits w i l l increase over time as the area becomes developed in the with improvement case at a rate considerably in excess o f the normal rate o f economic growth. That is, there w i l l be development potential benefits o f protection to be included in the analysis, and a 3.5 percent assumption has been adopted for the growth in flood protection benefits.

A possible alternative estimation o f the f lood control benefits would be through increases in the value o f property in the protected area. The quality o f the available data required to perform estimates using property values i s sketchy, so this approach has not been used. Reliance is placed, therefore, on the direct costs approach. I t would, o f course, be double-counting to include both the direct benefits and the incremental property value increases. However, back-of-the-envelop estimates o f benefits using the property value approach have been made (but not used) and these are found to be broadly similar to and hence support the estimates f rom the direct costs approach.

The mean annual loss rates are as follows: Changsha Section 3.8%; Zhaoshan Section 5.6%; Xiangtan Section 2.7%; and, Zhuzhou Section 3.6%. The mean annual loss which would be foregone with the project i s the product o f the loss rates and flood costs, which i s RMB 360.1 million.

In addition to the direct benefits to the locality from the f lood defences, there w i l l be benefits outside the region, which are not included. In the national appraisal methods enshrined in National Code (SL206-98), the Chinese authorities allow a 20 percent addition to the savings in direct losses to cover this benefit. T h i s 20 percent estimate was used in the economic assessment o f the Yangtze Dike Strengthening Project, and i t has been adopted here also.

The objectives o f the PC1 Xiangjiang River Scenic Roads are:

0 Building new (or strengthening and raising existing) embankment along the Xiangjiang River and building roads whose primary purpose w i l l be to serve recreational and tourist traffic. motorised and non-motorised.

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18 D R A R



0 Deciding on design parameters including project configuration by section, scale (number o f lanes), functionality (number o f lanes dedicated to motorised, non- motorised, public transit and/or private vehicular traffic), staging, and timing (of construction and completion).

These objectives are based on the need to provide a scenic road corridor that linked CZT cities with a recreation and tourism amenity to improved economic development opportunities in the region. Road benefits were based on an estimation o f the general-purpose traffic benefits based on travel time and Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) savings in a conventional traffic framework o f analysis. No attempt was made to estimate the recreation benefits o f the scenic road.

General purpose road benefits have been calculated using conventional travel time and vehicle operating cost savings, with and without the road. Traffic volumes have been derived from land use data i n the three cities and the application o f trip generation rates and simple traffic assignments to the network, wi th and without the new road.

The estimation o f the road benefits for recreational use o f the scenic road requires data on the likely numbers using the road and their origin locations from which a recreational demand model could be derived, and consumers' surplus estimated. No survey exists for these sorts o f data, nor are there any similar scenic roads in the region on which to make a comparable estimation.

Without a survey o f some kind o f potential beneficiaries, this element o f component benefits has been assumed to be equal to the benefits for the scenic area improvements o f PC6. T h i s i s l ikely to underestimate the benefits of the scenic road as there are l ikely to be more users o f the road than visitors to the scenic area.

S8.2 PC2, Changsha Wastewater Component

In areas o f Changsha city not served, the city sewage i s discharged without treatment into fields, fish ponds and ditches and so into the Xiangjiang River. The river i s the main source o f water supply for the city and for other areas downstream. Pollution o f the river in this way affects adversely: water treatment costs; the agricultural crop yield from irrigated water, and i s a health hazard as a result; the city environment f rom the standpoint o f health, smells and visual impact; and, the fishery industry.

The objectives o f the Component are as follows:

Establish a complete rainwater drainage and sewage collection system for the area o f the city to be served so that over 90 percent o f the relevant population wi l l be users.

0 Raise the rate of treatment o f sewage to over 90 percent, and industrial wastewater to 100 percent, of generation so that the discharge o f untreated sewage and consequential pollution o f surface and artesian waters i s reduced.

The capacity o f existing WWTPs, even after expansion works which are underway, i s insufficient. Only about 37 percent o f the sewage o f the city i s treated.

Benefits may be grouped into two parts: (a) benefits relating to the improvements in the area to be served as a result o f having the'sewer network to collect and transport the waste away; and (b) benefits associated with treatment o f the waste, which otherwise would f low top the river.

Local area benefits:

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Mort MacDonald Hunan Provincial Development and Planning Commission

Amenity improvements for the population in the area w i l l arise f rom removal o f the wastes f rom open drains in the locality. Thereby there w i l l be removal of odours, and the unsightly appearance o f the areas. These benefits are essentially local in nature. The willingness o f beneficiaries to pay for the improvements i s reflected in their willingness to pay for occupation o f the area and hence in the value difference o f the property with and without the improvements. Guidance from the City authorities administering property sales indicates that a premium i s payable for infrastructure improvements that open an area up for development equal to 5 percent. This premium reflects several infrastructure items but drainage and sewerage constitute a major part.

Land value data were provided by the city authorities. Land averages RMB 1,350 per m2 in the service area. Some o f the area i s already developed and an estimate has been made o f the property values b y the city authorities.

Some o f the existing property in the area i s provided with septic tanks which have to be emptied f rom time to time. There are some night soil removal services. The sewer system w i l l substitute for these services and result in costs savings for the removal o f the waste.

Although there i s a risk to health o f not having a sanitary system o f waste collection and disposal, inspection o f the incidence data o f the potential diseases (such as hepatitis, diarrhoea, and dysentery) in the city as a whole indicates that they are l imited in extent and not l ikely to be materially affected by the sewer installations in the service area, and so they have not been assessed.

Some o f the area to be serviced i s already served b y sewers and rainwater drains, and these parts o f the service area are excluded from the assessment.

WW treatment and downstream benefits

The collected waste water which would otherwise eventually find its way to the river i s transported to the treatment plant for treatment. The river i s less polluted as a result. Benefits o f a reduced polluted river are as follows.

Scenidamenity benefits (thereby l inking to PC1 - Scenic Corridor) f rom a cleaner river. These are extremely dif f icult benefits to quantify. Difficulties are compounded as the river pollution w i l l remain at high levels since the WWTP wi l l only reduce the overall river pollution levels f rom a high level to one slightly less high.

As a result o f the (slightly) cleaner river there w i l l be improved water quality for abstraction for drinking water and industrial purposes downstream, resulting in cost savings for the water treatment purposes. There are some minor abstraction points downstream at present and more to be provided in future as the city expands. These cost savings are therefore also difficult to estimate, but are l ikely to be modest at the present time. T h e feasibility study was not able to identify measurable benefits in respect o f this item.

Improved river water quality would increase the value o f the agricultural output f rom any downstream irrigated areas where the irrigation water i s obtained from the river. Similarly, fishponds which are served by river water would be beneficiaries and their output would be enhanced. However, there i s uncertainty over the extent to which the flood plain agriculture and fisheries use river water in their production process given that there are in use alternative natural sources o f water supply. The feasibility study was not able to identify measurable benefits in this respect.

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S8.3 PC3, Zhuzhou Clean Coal Component

Air pollution in China mainly results from coal combustion, with local pollutants o f S02, smoke dust and NOx and, o f course, global warming pollutants from the atmospheric release o f carbon. Moreover, China i s the world’s largest coal producing and coal burning country. The pollution from coal consumption i s the largest air environmental problem in China. 70% o f national total smoke dust emission, 90% o f national SO2 emission, 67% o f national NOx emission and 70% o f national C 0 2 emission are all from coal combustion. The burning o f coal has caused serious air pollution in cities affecting the amenity and health o f the population and hence the cost o f illness, and damage to buildings and structures. I t has also caused acid rain in rural areas affecting outputs o f agriculture and fisheries. This national situation regarding air pollution i s reflected in Changsha and the other Project cities, and in Hunan Province more generally. Hunan has plentiful resources in coal but the sulphur and ash contents are high and as a result the cities and the Province have serious air pollution problems.

Government has a policy o f controlling pollution such that 2010 levels w i l l be no higher than 2000 levels despite the fact that coal w i l l play the primary role o f energy resources. Clean coal technology can reduce the sulphur and ash content of combusting coal so as to reduce pollutants and accordingly the introduction o f this technology i s one o f the methods by which the Government policy objectives can be achieved. The objective o f the Component, therefore, i s to establish a new production facility for clean coal products in order to achieve environmental objectives.

Benefits may be grouped into two parts: (a) benefits relating to the consumption o f the product which accrue to the consumers; and (b) benefits associated with reduction in air pollution which benefits the environment.

Consumption benefits

The clean coal products w i l l be sold mainly to small and medium industrial consumers for use in boilers. Consumers w i l l have some reduction in costs as a result o f using the clean coal product compared with untreated coal. These cost reductions w i l l arise f rom higher calorific value and reduced ash. However, the consumers’ cost reductions w i l l be less than the additional prices which w i l l be charged for the clean coal products. The imperative for the consumers to purchase the clean coal products arises not from the benefits o f using them but from regulations that they face which oblige them to use clean coal or risk prosecution.

Accordingly, the revenues generated by the scheme wi l l overstate the cost savings to consumers o f the products. I t i s unclear b y how much the cost savings from using the products w i l l fall short o f the additional benefits o f the clean coal products. However, the Feasibility Study report (Table 11-8) indicates that the clean coal i s about 56 percent more costly than untreated coal when assessed on a full cost basis. Therefore, the marginal benefits to consumers must be equal to or less than 56 percent o f the revenues o f clean coal. Revenues have been obtained from the Feasibility Study report (Nov 2003). As a first assumption, the consumer benefits have been assumed equal to 35 percent o f gross revenues.

These cost reductions w i l l arise f rom higher calorific value and reduced production o f ash. However, the consumers’ cost reductions w i l l be less than the additional prices which w i l l be charged for the clean coal products. The imperative for the consumers to purchase the clean coal products arises from regulations that they face which oblige them to use clean coal or risk prosecution.

Pollution reduction benefits: Local/Regional Pollutants

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In Table S.3, the use o f the clean coal products indicates a reduction in the emissions o f pollutants by the annual amounts shown when the plant i s operating at full capacity:

Table S.3 Reduction of Air Pollutants Due to PC3 Implementation

Pollutant Annual

so2 10,000 reduction (tones)

NO, 4,500

Particulates 14,000

co2 113,900

Remarks

Local and regional impacts.



Global warming impacts.

S8.4 PC4, CZT Logistics Centre Component

The objectives o f the logistics centre are to reduce the costs o f transportation o f goods with origins and destinations in the region and thereby to increase the volume o f trade. With much of the trade originating in the Project area there may be positive impacts on regional incomes and employment levels. Benefits may be grouped into two parts: (a) benefits relating to the use o f the logistics centre; and (b) wider regional benefits, which have not been quantified (see discussion above o f the analysis in the Feasibility Study report).

Benefits relating to the use o f the logistics centre are largely private benefits for transporters who find i t cheaper and/or more time efficient to use the logistics centre than alternative routes or production locations. Since there are many alternative routes and facilities for the transporters to use i t i s unlikely that there would be significant producer surpluses to add to revenues to obtain the benefit estimates o f the new facility. Therefore, mostly these producer benefits w i l l be captured as logistics centre revenues.

There may be wider regional economic development benefits arising f rom additional incomes and employment, in addition. These benefits are impossible to quantify in the absence o f any knowledge about the counterfactual economic activity. The counterfactual might wel l be activity which i s displaced by the new logistics centre, in which case the wider benefits would be offset b y losses elsewhere with no net regional benefits. This type o f benefit has not been quantified.

S8.5 Zhaoshan Scenic Area Component

The component provides for the considerable improvement and upgrading o f the cultural and recreational amenities o f an existing scenic area. The area i s visited b y people l iv ing in the surrounding region. The area consists o f a forested hi l ly outcrop o f about 160 ha overlooking the river and containing various cultural, historical and religious artifacts including a temple. The artifacts are o f local significance.

The objectives o f the scenic area improvement works are to increase the recreational amenities o f the surrounding population. In the longer term. the scenic area may be connected to a neighbouring much larger area o f h i l ly country and become a centre for hilung and other outdoor pursuits.

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Benefits may be grouped into two parts: (a) benefits relating to the use o f the scenic area for recreational and cultural purposes; and (b) wider recreational and cultural benefits associated with the reinstatement o f the cultural facilities and artifacts.

Recreational benefits

The design team have estimated the number o f visitors following completion o f the works w i l l be about one mi l l ion pa. Most visitors w i l l come from the immediately surrounding areas, travelling relatively short distances. There w i l l be some synergy with the proposed scenic road (PCl) which accesses the scenic area from both directions, south and north. An entry fee o f RMB 20 per head i s proposed for visitors to the scenic area, or some other mechanisms for generating revenues since there w i l l be other revenue earning opportunities in the area. The design team has estimated the build-up o f revenues from the entry fee and other sources o f revenue and these represent a first approximation o f the benefits o f the scenic area for recreational purposes. While there would be consumers’ surplus, this i s di f f icult to estimate and has not been measured.

Some of the visitors w i l l come from outside the region, and possibly outside China. None w i l l do so primarily in order to visit Zhaoshan, which does not have international historical and cultural significance. They may do so incidentally, as part o f their visits o f other scenic, historical and cultural features in the region (such as Chairman Mao’s birthplace, which i s some 50 km away). The Feasibility Study team estimates less than 400 pa visitors in this international category. This seems too small a number to count towards the benefits o f the scenic area.

Social and environmental benefits

The Feasibility Study report provides a description o f the wider social and environmental benefits o f the proposals. I t stressed the long-term development potential for tourism and recreation development, and the income generating benefits that i t w i l l bring to the area. There are wider cultural benefits from conservation o f the heritage. However, these are difficult benefits to quantify, and no attempt has been made to do so.

S9 Social Impacts

Resettlement and compensation plans have been prepared and are covered in a separate “Resettlement Action Plan” (RAP). The final RAP has been prepared for the World Bank at the same time as this EA. According to the measurement surveys, the HUDP wi l l affect a total o f 8,253 persons. The residential house demolition wi l l affect 7,107 persons in 2,128 households, and 1,146 persons in 134 enterprises and business units. Of the total project affected people (PAPS) o f the Project, 2,034 households or 6,995 persons w i l l be relocated, and 4,197 persons w i l l need the production rehabilitation. About 5 13,108 m2 of residential and non-residential houses w i l l be demolished; o f which 368,914 m2 are residential houses and 144,175 m2 are non-residential houses.

A total o f 8,862 mu o f land w i l l be affected, including 5,575 mu o f land to be acquired permanently and 3,287 mu o f land to be occupied temporarily. Other assets to be acquired by the Project w i l l include: auxiliaries, household utilities, trees, tombs, basic infrastructure and special facilities.

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S10 Environmental Impacts - General

Potential construction phase impacts are relatively minor and easily mitigated. These construction impacts have been sorted according to their geographic location within the overall project scheme. Details o f mitigation measures, the monitoring required to ensure that mitigation measures are effectively implemented, and responsibilities are provided in detailed charts. HUDP PMOS w i l l have an ongoing responsibility to track and report the monitoring work o f all the identified agencies, in addition to their own direct monitoring activities.

The potential operational phase impacts are relatively minor and easily mitigated. Many o f the concerns have been addressed in the course o f the design o f the wastewater collection and wastewater treatment facilities. Details o f mitigation measures, a programme for monitoring mitigation measures and responsibilities are provided in detailed charts.

The economic analysis for HUDP component projects indicates that they are needed and affordable for the population o f the cities. This project i s meeting a “backlog” need for f lood control and environmental infrastructure and should not induce adverse extensive growth or secondary impacts. The present environmental problems are serious and the provision o f this environmental infrastructure i s necessary for current needs and to mitigate current problems. Future problems without the project would become even more critical.

S11 Environmental Impacts, Mitigation Measures and Monitoring - Construction Phase

The project components o f HUDP w i l l potentially cause a variety o f short-term construction and longer-term operation impacts. A series o f mitigation measures have been planned to reduce the impacts to acceptable levels. The implementation o f these mitigation measures w i l l occur during construction and operation. In order to ensure that the mitigation measures are effectively carried out “mitigation monitoring” procedures have been established and the organisations to be responsible for this monitoring have been designated.

The HUDP P M O wi l l have an ongoing responsibility to track and report the monitoring o f mitigation measures o f all the identified agencies, in addition to their direct responsibilities. In this chapter the generic approach to the selection o f appropriate mitigation methods and the designation o f typical monitoring measures and responsibilities i s presented.

The following coding was used to identify the agencies responsible for monitoring o f mitigation measures:

Agencies responsible for Monitoring of Mitigation

a. Provincial Construction Department

b. Provincial EPB

E.

d. City EPB

e. City Wastewater Company

City Construction Bureaus / P I U

There are obvious differences o f scope and impact, but there are generic similarities in the types o f impacts and mitigations that w i l l be undertaken. Each o f the projects w i l l be analysed in both the construction and operation phases. The following are l i s t s o f the proposed project components along with the categories o f EA issues involved with each component:

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Mitigation Measures


Monitoring Type

Summary of Project Components:

1. PC1, Corridor Component

2. PC2, Changsha Wastewater Component

3.

4.

5.

EL4 Categories:

PCl involves flood embankment and roadway construction. PC2 involves a new sewerage system, including one WWTP. PC3 involves a coal cleaning facility. PC4 involves a new Logistics centre.. PC6 involves new infrastructure at a scenic area.

1. Flood protection facilities (PC1)

2.

3. Coal Cleaning (PC3)

4. Logistics Centre facilities (PC4)

5 . Roads and Bridges (PC1)

6.

PC3, Zhuzhou Clean Coal Component

PC4, CZT Logistics Center Component

PC6, Zhaoshan Scenic Area Component

WWTP and Sewerage (PC 2, PC4, PC6)

Scenic area Infrastructure - tourist facilities, utilities, etc (PC6)

Contract provisions, supervision watering construction sites in dry seasons: - Water should be sprayed on constructional roads and spots 4-5 times a day; spoils cleared and transported timely, and transport trucks covered with tarpaulin; landfilling places covered with soil and compacted; temporary land use recovered with vegetations after utilization. - The concrete mixing spot should be placed far away from the residential area and 300 m leeward of sensitive points, the mixer should be specified with sound airproof performance or equipped with secondary dust catcher. . Environmental administrations of all levels are required to strengthen the

S11.1 Summary of Construction-phase Impacts, Mitigations, Monitoring and Responsible Agencies

1 Records

Tables S.4 to S. 16 provide summaries o f the construction-phase impacts, proposed mitigation measures, type of monitoring and responsible agencies.

S11.1.1 Flood protection facilities (PCl)

Table S.4 Material Excavation and Hauling, and Erosion Control

Potential Impacts

Relocations and land conversion

Dust and Air quality

RAPS and adequate compensation I Sampling and complaints

Responsible Agencies

c,d f

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Potential Impacts

Sensitive Areas And Wetlands

Noise

Material Hauling

Safety

Erosion on soil borrow pits

Erosion during dike construction

Roadbed erosion

Mitigation Measures

environmental monitoring to solve problems on time. - Choose the construction company with strong strength and adopt pre- mixed merchandise concrete and closed vehicles. The designated merchandise concrete producers should be required to do “Three Same- time’s’’ and to adopt effective measures to decrease the influences on the environment, ensuring the air environment free from pollution by the measures of strengthening environmental monitoring and management. - Recover vegetations of temporary land uses after completion of works to avoid water loss and soil erosion. Realignment or protection

Limited hours, equipment design: Yande College i s to be relocated (included in RAP); boring equipment should be specified with low Leq performance for the construction at Kongling Temple; Nighttime construction shall be prohibited at construction sites near to Xiangyin residential area and Shiji residential area i s allowed Operating hours, routing provisions: Selection of transportation route; Installation of windshield on vehicles; Training and contract provisions: - A l l constructors, including the canteen staff, are to have physical examinations before work; - Medical facilities should be installed in the construction site; - Guarantee of sanitary drinking waters and meals from the canteen staff i s needed; - Security training i s also needed. - Detailed geo-technical survey i s required before detailed design. - Retaining walls should be built at sites with poor geological conditions, and cut the slope to less than 250 at places above the retaining walls. - Install drainage ditches to reduce erosion of runoff to soil. -Contractors should strictly abide by safety regulations to avoid safety accidents Open drainage ditch before excavation, excavate cel l by cell, and recover topsoil and vegetation after excavation. PVC fi lm to temporarily cover the uncovered soil; apply rubble with binding material to permanently cover the dike side slope, planting grass on the slope. Build retaining wall on soft rock section, open drainage channel in

Monitoring Type

Records

Monthly logs

Truck logs, complaints

Accident, training records

Monthly logs

Records

Records


f

C

C

Consolidated Environmental Apprdisal Summary 26 DRAFT iO4iBiFebruary 2004


Weekly logs


f

Potential Impacts

Construction Wastewater

Mitigation Measures

parallel with road development. planting trees and grass along sides of the road - Wastewater should pre-treat by oil separation, sedimentation and septic tanks before discharging to the sites specified by local EPM. - Sedimentation and temporary septic tanks confirmed by local environmental authorities; - Temporary piling site i s required, in which the domestic garbage should be carried away on time. - No contractors’ campsites are allowed to be located in the drinking water sources protected zones (1000m upperstream and 200 downstream of the intake)

Table S.5 Channel Excavation /Dredging or Crossings

Potential Impacts

Relocations and land conversion Aesthetics

Noise

Erosion, site work

Safety

Sensitive areas and wetlands

Dust, hauling - air quality impacts


Mitigation Measures

RAPS and adequate compensation

Architectural design and landscaping

Limited hours, equipment design, construction equipment placed away from schools and temples Best Management Practices (BMPs)

Training and contract provisions: - A l l constructors, including the canteen staff, are to have physical examinations before work; - Medical facilities should be installed in the construction site; - Guarantee of sanitary drinking waters and meals from the canteen staff i s needed; - Security training i s also needed. - Detailed geo-technical survey i s required before detailed design. - Retaining walls should be built at sites with poor geological conditions, and cut the slope to less than 250 at places above the retaining walls. - Install drainage ditches to reduce erosion o f runoff to soil. -Contractors should strictly abide by safety regulations to avoid safety accidents Realignment or protection

Contract provisions, supervision

- Wastewater should pre-treat by oil separation, sedimentation and septic tanks before discharging to the sites specified by loca l EPM. . Sedimentation and temporary septic tanks confirmed by local Environmental authorities; . Temporary piling site i s required, in which the domestic garbage should be

Monitoring Type

Records


C

Monthly logs d

f Accident, training records I

d,f f,c,d

Records

Records

Records C

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summary 27 DRAFl /04/B/Februaly 2004


Potential Impacts


Mitigation Measures Monitoring Type Responsible Agencies

carried away on time. - N o contractors' campsites are allowed to be located in the drinking water sources protected zones (1000m upperstream and 200 downstream of

Potential Impacts

Uncontrolled dumps

Hazardous material use and disposal

Direct or indirect dumping in streams


c,d Monitor disposal, no contractors encampments are allowed to be located at potable water intakes protection zones Monitor use and disposal

Monitor disposal, contract provisions

Visual, truck logs

c,d c,d

Visual, truck logs

Visual, inspections

S11.1.2 WWTP and Sewerage (PC 2, PC4, PC6)

Potential Impacts




Erosion

Noise

Table S.7 Wastewater Sewerage and Pumping

Mitigation Measures Monitoring Type


Contract provisions, supervision, Records watering construction sites in dry seasons Realignment or protection Records

Sewer construction activity should be Records scheduled during dry season. The excavated soil should be backfilled and compacted timely. Limited hours, equipment design,

Sampling and complaints

Monthly logs submersible pumps are specified: Heavy load trucks for transporting pipes are mobile and intermittent sources emitting significant noise during pipe laying, with noise levels in the range of 85-90 dB (A). The noise impact should not be significant since they wil l only operate in the daytime, they are less frequent than vehicle flows on existing roadways, and the WWTP sites are not in urban centres. The pipelines wil l often be excavated using manual labour so dust and noise wil l be minimised.

Aesthetics Architectural design and landscaping


c,d e

Visual, complaints

e

Stream crossings

Safety

e Best Management Practices (BMPs)

Training and contract provisions: - A l l constructors, including the canteen staff, are to have physical examinations before work; - Medical facilities should be installed in the construction site; - Guarantee of sanitary drinking waters and meals from the canteen

Weekly logs

AccidenVtraining records e


28 D R A R


Potential Impacts



Responsible Agencies Mitigation Measures Monitoring Type

c, d RAPS and adequate compensation Sampling and complaints

Potential Impacts

Limited hours, equipment design

Best Management Practices (BMPs)

Training and contract provisions: - A l l constructors, including the canteen staff, are to have physical examinations before work; - Medical facilities should be installed in the construction site; - Guarantee of sanitary drinking

Rivedstream bank stability and environment Material hauling

Monthly logs d Weekly logs e Accidentkaining records e

Disturbance to urban traffic, inconvenience to local citizens


Mitigation Measures

staf f i s needed; - Security training i s also needed. - Detailed geo-technical survey i s required before detailed design. - Retaining walls should be built at sites with poor geological conditions, and cut the slope to less than 250 at places above the retaining walls. - Install drainage ditches to reduce erosion of runoff to soil. - Contractors should strictly abide by safety regulations to avoid safety accidents Best Management Practices (BMPs)

Operating hours, routing provisions: Pipe-jacking instead of open excavation in the artery roads; PIU, contractor and local urban traffic management agency jointly work out a traffic arrangement program before construction and strengthen traffic guidance and management during construction; Avoidance of rush hours; Set aside special passages; Traffic direction and warning board. A best traffic organization option programmed before construction, pipe-jacking construction methods may be necessary. - Wastewater should pretreat by oil separation, sedimentation and septic tanks before discharging to the sites specified by local EPM. - Sedimentation and temporary septic tanks confirmed by local environmental authorities; - Temporary piling site i s required, in which the domestic garbage should be carried away on time. - No contractors’ campsites are allowed to be located in the drinking water sources protected zones (1000111 upperstream and 200 downstream o f the intake)

Monitoring Type

Weekly logs


Weekly logs

Records


e

e

C

I Aesthetics I Architectural design and landscaping I Visual, complaints I d Noise

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RAPS and adequate compensation Sampling and complaints



c. d

Potential Impacts

Architectural design and landscaping I Visual, complaints




d

Mitigation Measures

waters and meals from the canteen staff i s needed; - Security training i s also needed. - Detailed geo-technical survey i s required before detailed design. - Retaining walls should be built at sites with poor geological conditions, and cut the slope to less than 250 at places above the retaining walls. - Install drainage ditches to reduce erosion of runoff to soil. - Contractors should strictly abide by safety regulations to avoid safety accidents Realignment or protection

Contract provisions, supervision, watering construction sites in dry seasons - Wastewater should pre-treat by oil separation, sedimentation and septic tanks before discharging to the sites specified by local EPM. - Sedimentation and temporary septic tanks confirmed by local environmental authorities; - Temporary piling site i s required, in which the domestic garbage should be carried away on time. - N o contractors’ campsites are allowed to be located in the drinking water sources protected zones (1000m upperstream and 200 downstream of the intake)


BMPs

Table S.9 Sludge Management System

Monthly logs d Weekly logs e

Potential Impacts

Training and contract provisions: - A l l constructors, including the canteen staff, are to have physical examinations before work; - Medical facilities should be installed in the construction site; - Guarantee of sanitary drinking waters and meals from the canteen staf f i s needed; - Security training i s also needed. - Detailed geo-technical survey i s required before detailed design. - Retaining walls should be built at sites with poor geological conditions, and cut the slope to less than 250 at places above the retaining walls. - Install drainage ditches to reduce erosion of runoff to soil. - Contractors should strictly abide by


1

Aesthetics _____

Noise

Erosion and si te work

Safety

Monitoring Type

Records

Records

Records


C

- P iccident and training records e

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Potential Impacts


irrational sludge disposal Secondary pollution from


safety regulations to avoid safety accidents Contract provisions, supervision Records

anaerobic digested, dewatered, hauled to Heimifeng sanitary landfill site for sanitary disposal

e,c,d Surplus sludge be thickened, Records d

S11.1.3 Coal Cleaning (PC3)

Table S.11 Spoils Transportation and Disposal

Potential Impacts

Uncontrolled disposal site Hazardous material use and disposal

Direct or indirect dumping in streams

Potential Impacts


c,d c,d

Monitor disposal, contract provisions Visual, inspections c.d

Monitor disposal Visual, truck logs

Monitor use and disposal Visual, truck logs

Aesthetics

Noise

Erosion, site work

Safety



Mitigation Measures


Limited hours, equipment design: Nighttime construction shal l be prohibited; specify low-noise equipment and keep good Maintenance of the equipment; Best Management Practices (BMPs)

Training and contract provisions: - A l l constructors, including the canteen staff, are to have physical examinations before work; - Medical facilities should be installed in the construction site; - Guarantee of sanitary drinking waters and meals from the canteen staff i s needed; - Security training i s also needed. - Detailed geo-technical survey i s required before detailed design. - Retaining walls should be built at sites with poor geological conditions, and cut the slope to less than 250 at places above the retaining walls. - Install drainage ditches to reduce erosion of runoff to soil. - Contractors should strictly abide by safety regulations to avoid safety accidents Contract provisions, supervision watering construction site in dry seasons - Wastewater should pretreat by oil separation, sedimentation and septic tanks before discharging to the sites specified by local EPM. - Sedimentation and temporary septic

Monitoring Type

Visual, complaints

Monthly logs

Weekly logs


Records

Records


d

f

C

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Potential Impacts



Mitigation Measures

tanks confirmed by local environmental authorities; - Temporary piling site i s required, in which the domestic garbage should be carried away on time. - No contractors’ campsites are allowed to be located in the drinking water sources protected zones (1000m upperstream and 200 downstream of the intake)

Monitoring Type




Limited hours, equipment design: Nighttime construction shall be prohibited; specify low-noise equipment and keep good Maintenance of the equipment; Best Management Practices (BMPs)

Training and contract provisions:

S11.1.4 Logistics Centre Facilities (PC4)

Table S.12 Spoils Transportation and Disposal


Visual, complaints

Monthly logs

Weekly logs


Potential Impacts


Noise

Erosion, site work

Safety


Zonstruction Wastewater

- All constructors, including the canteen staff, are to have physical examinations before work; - Medical facilities should be installed in the construction site; - Guarantee o f sanitary drinking waters and meals from the canteen staff i s needed; - Security training i s also needed. - Detailed geo-technical survey i s required before detailed design. - Retaining walls should be built at sites with poor geological conditions, and cut the slope to less than 250 at places above the retaining walls. - Install drainage ditches to reduce erosion of runoff to soil. - Contractors should strictly abide by safety regulations to avoid safety accidents Contract provisions, supervision

- Wastewater should pre-treat by oil separation, sedimentation and septic tanks before discharging to the sites specified by local EPM. - Sedimentation and temporary septic tanks confirmed by local environmental authorities; - Temporary piling site i s required, in which the domestic garbage should be carried away on time. - No contractors’ campsites are allowed to be located in the drinking water sources protected zones (1000m upperstream and 200 downstream of

Records

Records


C

d

f

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Agencies and adequate compensation Sampling and complaints C

Architectural design and landscaping Visual, complaints d Relocations and land conversion Aesthetics

I I I the intake)

I and adequate compensation Sampling and complaints C

I Architectural design and landscaping I Visual, complaints d

S11.1.5 Roads and Bridge (PC1, PC6)

Table S.13 In f ras t ruc tu re Construct ion

Potential Impacts

Relocations and land conversion Dust and Air quality


Noise

Material Hauling

Safety


Mitigation Measures



Realignment or protection


Operating hours, routing provisions

Training and contract provisions: - All constructors, including the canteen staff, are to have physical examinations before work; - Medical facilities should be installed in the construction site; - Guarantee of sanitary drinking waters and meals from the canteen staff i s needed; - Security training i s also needed. - Detailed geo-technical survey i s required before detailed design. - Retaining walls should be built at sites with poor geological conditions, and cut the slope to less than 250 at places above the retaining walls. - Install drainage ditches to reduce erosion of runoff to soil. - Contractors should strictly abide by safety regulations to avoid safety accidents - Wastewater should pretreat by oil separation, sedimentation and septic tanks before discharging to the sites specified by local EPM. - Sedimentation and temporary septic tanks confirmed by local environmental authorities; - Temporary piling site i s required, in which the domestic garbage should be carried away on time. - No contractors’ campsites are allowed to be located in the drinking water sources protected zones (1000m upperstream and 200 downstream of

Monitoring Type


Records

Records

Monthly logs



Records


c,d f

d,f f,d

f.d,c f

C

Consolidated Environmenlal Appraisal Summary lO4/BIFebruaiy 2004

3 3 DRAFT


Potential Impacts

Relocations and ]and con\,ersion

Potential Impacts


c,d and adequate compensation Sampling and complaints

Noise


Noise

Material Hauling

Erosion, site work

d,f f,d

Operating hours, routing provisions Truck logs, complaints f,d,c

Realignment or protection Records

Limited hours, equipment design Monthly logs

Safety




Mitigation Measures



Training and contract provisions: - All constructors, including the canteen staff, are to have physical examinations before work; - Medical facil i t ies should be installed in the construction site; - Guarantee of sanitary drinking waters and meals from the canteen staff i s needed; - Security training i s also needed. - Detailed geo-technical survey i s required before detailed design. - Retaining walls should be built at sites with poor geological conditions, and cut the slope to less than 250 at ?laces above the retaining walls. . Install drainage ditches to reduce xosion of runoff to soil. . Contractors should strictly abide by safety regulations to avoid safety accidents Realignment or protection

Zontract provisions, supervision

. Wastewater should pretreat by oil separation, sedimentation and septic .anks before discharging to the sites specified by local EPM. . Sedimentation and temporary septic .anks confirmed by local :nvironmental authorities; . Temporary piling site i s required, in Nhich the domestic garbage should be :arried away on time.

illowed to be located in the drinking Nater sources protected zones (1000m ipperstream and 200 downstream of he intake)

No contractors’ campsites are

Monitoring Type

Monthly logs

Weekly logs


Records

Records

Records


d f

f,c,d C

Dust and Air quality I Contract provisions, supervision I Records I f

Safety Training and contract provisions: - A l l constructors, including the canteen staff, are to have physical examinations before work; - Medical facilities should be installed in the construction site;

Accident, training records f

Consolidated Environmental Apprnisal Summary 34 D R A F T /04iBIFebrualy 2004


Monitoring Type


Visual, complaints

Monthly logs

Weekly logs

Potential Impacts


C

d d f


Records

Records

Table S.16 Spoils Transport:

d f,c,d

Potential Impacts


Noise

Erosion, si te work

Safety



Mitigation Measures

and meals from the canteen staff i s needed; - Security training i s also needed. - Detailed geo-technical survey i s required before detailed design. - Retaining walls should be built at sites with poor geological conditions, and cut the slope to less than 250 at places above the retaining walls. - Install drainage ditches to reduce erosion of runoff to soil. - Contractors should strictly abide by safety regulations to avoid safety accidents - Wastewater should pretreat by oil separation, sedimentation and septic tanks before discharging to the sites specified by local EPM. - Sedimentation and temporary septic tanks confirmed by local environmental authorities; - Temporary piling site i s required, in which the domestic garbage should be carried away on time. - No contractors’ campsites are allowed to be located in the drinking water sources protected zones (1000m upperstream and 200 downstream of the intake)

i o n a n d Disposal

Mitigation Measures





Training and contract provisions: - A l l constructors, including the canteen staff, are to have physical examinations before work; - Medical facilities should be installed in the construction site; - Guarantee of sanitary drinking waters and meals from the canteen staf f i s needed; - Security training i s also needed. - Detailed geo-technical survey i s required before detailed design. - Retaining walls should be built at sites with poor geological conditions, and cut the slope to less than 250 at places above the retaining walls. - Install drainage ditches to reduce erosion of runoff to soil. - Contractors should strictly abide by safety regulations to avoid safety accidents Realignment or protection


Monitoring Type

Records


C

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summary 35 DRAFT /04/Bffebruary 2004


Dewatering

Runoff Control


Agencies Best Management Practices (BMPs) Weekly logs f Best Management Practices (BMPs) Weekly logs f

Potential Impacts

Aesthetics


Architectural design and landscaping Visual, complaints d

S I 2 Environmental Impacts, Mitigation Measures and Monitoring - Operation Phase

Noise

Erosion and runoff control Sanitation of site

Subsidence

Tables S.17 to S.29 provide summaries o f the generic operation-phase impacts, proposed mitigation measures, type of monitoring and responsible agencies for the proposed HUDP projects.

c,d Limited hours, equipment design with low noise equipment at pump stations: According to investigations, these pumps only run in hard rain period. Control measures such as shock absorption and selection of low noise pumps are recommended.

and maintenance

Ambient levels and complaints

O&M Procedures, revegetation procedures Weekly logs, inspections f

Establish and enforce standards Visual, contract f,d,health

f,c,d Design, O&M procedures Inspections, operating records

S12.1 Flood protection facilities (PC1)

Potential Impacts

Uncontrolled direct or indirect

Responsible Agencies hlitigation Measures Monitoring Type

Enforce ordinanLes, provide better Solid Inspections and fines a. p. f dumping of solid waste, to surface water Septage dumped directly to streams or indirectly through sewer systems Industrial solid waste direct dumping Industrial hazardous and toxic waste direct dumping or indirect impact to groundwater

S12.2 WWTP and Sewerage (PC2, PC4, PC6)

Table S.18 Solid Waste, Septage, and Direct Discharge Sources

-7 - 7 - Waste collection sites, cleanup campaigns

Enact and enforce local ordinances, List of ordinances and provide for septage treatment in Solid enforcement statistics Waste or WWTP projects Enforce ordinances, monitor adjacent Ordinances and waterways enforcement statistics Enact and enforce a "cradle to grave" Installation of program tracking and treatment system for and tracking and hazardous/toxic waste treatment records

d, c, e

b, d

b,d

Low strength domestic sewage, (use of septic tanks, or high infiltration or inflow) Septage dumping causing treatment disruption or bypasses

Eliminate septic tanks when not needed, Sample sewer systems, C

c,d

ensure that local connections are made and are watertight connection record Enact and enforce local ordinances, provide for septage treatment in SW or WWTP projects inspect.

WWTP influent and

List of ordinances and enforcement statistics,

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summai). /04/Bffebruury 2004

36 DRAFT

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures I Monitoring Type I Responsible 1 Industrial pre-treatment problems

Table S.20 Raw Sewage Overflows, Various Locations

Agencies

b,d,e Enact and enforce adequate pre-treatment programs and make responsible to

Pre-treatment monitor & inspect., WWTP influent

Industrial accidents and spills,

Excessive infiltration or inflow

Changes in domestic

problems- sewers or treatment works

in sewer systems

consumption causing design load variation Changes in industrial consumption causing design load variation

Table S.21 Wastewater Sewerage and Pumping

wastewater company record

the WWTP as well as specified protection measures compliance

the sewer systems and take corrective evaluations action

wastewater generation rates by neighbourhoods Monitor changes in industrial quantity and quality through enforced pre-treatment program

Enact regulations requiring notification of List of ordinances and d

Perform visuaVTV/or other inspections of Records of sewer system e

Monitor changes in water use rates and e

d,e

records of incidents and

Meter and plant records

Flow and quality records

Potential Impacts

Overflow impacts in general to health and environment

Excess overflows from design calculations

Human direct contact

Impacts to surface waters

Sensitive area impacts

Responsible Agencies Monitoring Type Mitigation Measures

Sewer separation, Infiltration/Inflow Number, quantity estimate d,c

d,c

Visual and surface water d

c,d

correction, protect overflows of overflows

Evaluate and improve collection systems Number of overflows plotted against storm events

Protect outlets and downstream users Visual and health records d,c,health

Develop mixing zones to dissipate impacts

Relocate or adjust overflow if possible monitoring

Visual and compliance records

Potential Impacts

Foul odours and gases

Responsible Agencies Monitoring Type Mitigation Measures

c ,d Proper design and industrial waste controls records

Sampling and compliance

Consolidaled Environmenlial Appraisal Summary /04iBFebnrary 2004

Accidents working in sewers

Accidental overflows while working in system

Sewer system blockages

Noise from pump stations

Power failure at pump stations

Mechanical failure at pump

37 DRAFT

Safety training Training and accident records e Detailed O&M procedures and prevention Records e of direct dumping into system

Detailed O&M procedures and prevention of direct dumping, cleaning equipment available Design and protective measures

Backup power system or dual feed

c,d, e

c,d

d,e

Design, O & M procedures, spare parts Weekly logs c. e

Records, visual observation of cleaning equip

Ambient monitoring and complaints Electric meters and visual check of the backup system or secondary feed

Leaks contaminating local groundwater

c,d, e Design and protective measures Ambient monitoring and complaints

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures

Lower or higher influent Septic tank usage rates, Infiltratiodlnflow quantity or quality than monitoring, enforcement records of pre-

Responsible Agencies Monitoring Type

Connection and operating e records


Potential Impacts



Noisdodour

Accidents, including gas, explosions, etc. Chemical handling accidents

Power failure

Equipment failure

I I I expected 1 treatment program I

c,d Design and protective measures, establishment of a 150 m buffer zone at boundary of WWTP Training programs Training and accident

records Design, safety training, warning systems Training and accident

records, visual Backup system and/or dual electric feed Electric meters, visual

Ambient, complaints

c,e

c,e

c,e Design, O&M program, spare part avail. Daily logs, meters e

Operational problems

Poor effluent quality

Design, operator training, laboratory testing Daily logs, training records e e,d Monitor and enforce discharge records Daily records and

enforcement, monitor

Table S.23 Sludge Management System

Potential Impacts

Lack of adequate


Monitor stabilisation system use and Inspection and daily logs e,d,health performance, monitor sludge quality


stabilisation High heavy metal concentrations for land application Safety

Inadequate liquid control during dewatering Odours

I deodorants Equipment failure I Design, O&M program, spare part availability I Safety training and visual I c.e

- . -

e,d,b Monitor raw sewage and sludge quality Quarterly sampling of metals in influent, semi- annual of sludge Training, accident records

Inspection and daily logs

Ambient levels, complaints

c,e Design and training

Design, O&M, operator training

Design, O&M, operator training, Design and protective measures, establishment of a 150 m buffer zone at boundary of WWTP and adding

e,d

e,d

Landfill problems in handling sludge

S12.3 Coal Cleaning (PC3)

Table S.24 Wastewater Treatment

- 7 - checks of warning systems Visual, inspections, leachate monitor e,d Design standards, leachate treatment systems

Potential Impacts

Lower or higher influent


Septic tank usage rates, InfiltratiodInflow Connection and operating P quantity or quality than expected

planned Noise


Power failure

Bypasses more frequent than

Equipment failure

~


- monitoring, enforcement records of pre- treatment program

records

Sewer system monitoring, O&M procedures WWTP and City e,d

c,d records

Design and protective measures Ambient, complaints

Training programs Training and accident records

Design, safety training, warning systems Training and accident records, visual

Backup system and/or dual electric feed Electric meters, visual

c ,e

c,e

c,e Design, O&M program, spare part avail. Daily logs, meters e

Operational problems Design, operator training, laboratory testing Daily logs, training records e


Poor effluent quality Monitor and enforce discharge records


e,d Daily records and enforcement, monitor

Inadequate liquid control from wet dust operations Equipment failure .

Table S.25 Air Quality Emissions

e,d Design, O&M, operator training

Design, O&M program, spare part availability checks of warning systems


Safety training and visual c,e

Potential Impacts

Inadequate dust control operations

speed and whistles are prohibited in the residential area Prevent re-sale of coal refuse for use as a burning fuel product

Mitigation Measures


Design, O&M, operator training: - To use the CWM as boiler fuel; - According to regulations in GB 13271- 2001, the chimney of 6.5th boiler must be at least 35 meters high and 3 meters higher than the highest building within 200 meters around it; the crusher chimney must be 24 meter high at least.

Responsible A encies Monitoring Type ~ ge,d


Table S.26 Coal Refuse Disposal

Potential Impacts

Improper disposal practices including dust and spillage

Noise

Secondary pollution by improper secondary usage and burning

Mitigation Measures

- A retaining wall i s to be built at west and north side and earth up the wall for planting grass to prevent collapse and mitigate the impact on residential quarter. - A drainage ditcWchannel i s to be built at the west and north side to drain runoff into the urban sewer system. - The entire storage yard needs to be enclosed by extending the wall and signs of environmental protection be placed on the wall. According the provisions of GB 15562.2, regular maintenance of the enclosure wall should be practiced. - The coal refuse should be watered regularly to prevent dust pollution and hypergolic. - To avoid the secondary air pollution by reusing of coal refuse, the HZCCC, the project PIU wish PPMO to extend its desire to pack the “multi-purposes utilisation of coal refuse in an environmental friendly way” as a technical assistance package. In the mean time, HZCCC has made i t s commitment to take some actions to avoid potential impact of coal refuse Design and protective measures: The noise intensity of the operating machine must meet relevant standard; measures like vibration reduction, sound proof, silencing and planned layout are suggested to minimize the imuact: vehicles run at limited

Monitoring Type


Ambient, complaints


e,d

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summary lO4iBIFebrunry 2004

39 DRAFT


S12.4 Logistics Centre facilities (PC4)

Table S.27 Wastewater Treatment

Potential Impacts

quantity or quality than Lower or higher influent


Septic tank usage rates, InfiltratiodInflow Connection and operating e monitoring, enforcement records of pre- records

1 Noise I Design and protective measures: 1 Ambient, complaints


Power failure

Equipment failure

Following measures are recommended: economic compensation or installation of soundproof doors and windows for the affected people; whistles should be as few as

c,e

c,e

c ,e

Training programs Training and accident records

Design, safety training, warning systems Training and accident records, visual

Backup system and/or dual electric feed Electric meters, visual

Design, O&M program, spare part avail. Daily logs, meters e

Mitigation Measures

Operating hours, routing provisions

S12.5 Roads and Bridges (PC1, PC6)

Table S.28 Infrastructure Operations


Ambient levels, complaints c.d Potential Impacts

I a , d

_____

Noise

Worker Safety

Public Safety

Sanitary conditions


Aesthetics

Erosion

Surface water quality impacts from highway runoff

I I - 7 -

1 Accident. training records 1 c,f Training and contract provisions 1 Accident records 1 Ii; Protective measures

Contract provisions, supervision Visual, complaints

Architectural design and landscaping Visual, complaints

O&M Procedures Weekly logs, inspections

- Stormwater drainage system along the

Establishlenforce health safeguards Visual, complaints f,d,health

corridor should be cleared and maintained regularly to avoid any siltation and blockage; - The stormwater drainage system should be designed to be lined with rubble-stone to avoid erosion by stormwater and reduce mini waterfall effect; - No outfalls should located in drinking water protection zones (1000m upperstream and 100 downstream of the intakes of WTPs; - Outfalls in Xiangtan that are dominated by industrial wastewater outfalls and randomly distributed along the corridor should be modified -Wastewater and domestic garbage generated from services along the corridor (e.g. the parks, aquatels in Zhaoshan scenic area, farmhouse garden for citizens recreation should not be discharged into the Xiangjiang River freely.

Consolidated Environmenlal Appraisal Summary /04/BIFebruary 2004

40 D R A l T


Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures

Noise Operating hours, routing provisions

Worker Safety

Public Safety Protective measures

Training and contract provisions

Sanitary conditions EstablisMenforce health safeguards

Aesthetics Architectural design and landscaping

Erosion and runoff control

Dust and Air quality Contract provisions, supervision

O&M Procedures



c,d Accident, training records c,f

c,f Visual, complaints f,d,health

f,d Visual, complaints d Weekly logs, inspections f

Ambient levels, complaints

Accident records

Visual, complaints

S12.6 Scenic Area Infrastructure Operations (PC6)

Planning Development Commission

The Environmental Management Offices of Project Components

CZT Environmental Monitoring Departments

management in the construction period monitoring plans Execution and management of environmental protection measures in the construction period Environmental monitoring in both periods

execution of management and

An environmental specialist to assist environmental experts o f the project office

I - I I

Names

Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau

CZT Municipal Environmental Protection Bureaus

S13 HEPRI Environmental Monitoring Plan

Responsibilities 1. supervision of execution of environmental laws, regulations and management, etc. 2. coordination of environmental management among various department; 3. check and approval o f environmental monitoring report; 4. final environmental acceptance of construction project 1. assistance the provincial bureau supervision work; 2. check and approval o f environmental monitoring report;

During the construction period and operating periods, the environmental management program prepared by HEPRI i s outl ined in Tables S.30 and S.31, located at the end o f this report. The environmental management structure i s shown in Tables S.32 and S.33. Table S.32 HUDP Environmental Management Departments

Names 1 Responsibilities I Remarks The HUDP Office of Provincial I Designing and environmental I An environmental specialist for

S14 Equipment and Training Requirements

In order to ensure the implementation o f measures, management and moni tor ing plans described above, environmental protection training i s important for the better knowledge o f environmental impact and t imely response to accidents. The training program covers: environmental laws and regulations, environmental standards, project-related environmental science, attention-getting problems o f and control measures, environmental management, etc.


41 DRAFI



The capital budgets prepared for al l HUDP component projects include an allowance for necessary laboratory construction and equipment at the WWTPs. An allowance for testing and environmental monitoring costs to be incurred by the utility i s also included in the operations budget for the project.

S15 Impacts and Costs of Plan

HEPRI estimated one time investment costs and long-term environmental monitoring costs necessary to implement this plan. Long-term i s defined annual monitoring required to verify the environmental performance and other operational mitigation measures previously outlined.

Table S.34 provides HEPRI estimate of mitigation program costs, at end o f report.

S16 Long-term Monitoring of the Performance of HUDP

The main Performance Indicators are improvements in: 0 Flood protection and tourism from the scenic road (PCl),

Water quality o f the Liuyang River (PC2),

Logistics service and economic benefit (PC4), and

Tourism and recreation opportunities (PC6).

0

0 Regional air quality (PC3),

0

0

Other Performance Indicators to be monitored relate to the effective operation of the component engineering works. The recommended environmental monitoring program i s significant in both the construction and initial operation phases of the project. In addition, the specified monitoring involves many participants from the project level to the national level. The results of this environmental monitoring program should be summarised in an Annual Environmental Quality Report (AEQR), which i s distributed to al l relevant project offices as well as the World Bank. The charts shown earlier provide convenient checklists for these reports, as well as the HEPRI EMP recommendations.

At the beginning of January every year, each project construction unit sorts the relative monitoring data and reports i t to Hunan Province Project Office, and Hunan Province Project Office collects the data and reports i t to the World Bank every year in the form of an AEQR.

S16.1 PCl AEQR

The minimum information that should be reported in the PC1 AEQR i s shown in Table S.35. Table S.35 Minimum PC1-Monitoring Data in Annual Environmental Quality Report I

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summary /04/BIFebruaiy 2004

42 DRAFT


Year ended December 31

1. Physical Parameters

Wastewater generated


Unit 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

1000 m3/v

charter

Wastewater collected

Wastewater treated

Wastewater billed

S16.2 PC2 AEQR

1000 m’ly

1000 m3/y

1000 m3/y

The minimum information that should be reported in the PC2 AEQR i s shown in Table S.36. Table S.36 Minimum PC2Monitoring Data in Annual Environmental Quality Report

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summary lO4iBFebrudry 2004

43



Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summary lO4WIFebruary 2004

44 DRAFT

e) commence TA

f) commence training program

S16.3 PC3 AEQR

Date

Date

Employees/lOOO connections

3. Financial Parameters

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summary 45 D R A F l i04iBFebruary 2004

Number

RMB/m'


2. Management of Operating Agencies

Agency employees d)

Employees/1000 connections

3. Financial Parameters

Institutional Development

f) commence training program Date

Number

Number

S16.4 PC4 AEQR

Consolidated Environmenral Appraisal Summary 46 DRAFT /04/BIFebruan 2004


Days training accomplished

TA days input

Number o f Board meetings


Number

Number

Number

Staff recruited

Key Act ion Plan target dates achieved

Number

a) approval o f business (A) license charter

(B)

b) appointment o f Board 1 Date I I I I I I

Date

Date

c) first Board Meeting

d) issue o f RfP for T A

e) commence TA


S16.5 PC6 AEQR

Date

Date

Date

Date

The minimum information that should be reported in the PC6 AEQR i s shown in Table S.39.

Table S.39 Minimum PC6”Monitoring Data in Annual Environmental Quality Report

Consolidated Environmenldl Appraisal Summary /04/B/February 2004

47 DRAFT


c) f i rst Board Meeting

d) issue of RfP for TA

e) commence TA



Date

Date

Date

Date

S17 Alternatives

In the preparation o f Feasibility Studies and Preliminary Designs for Appraisal a number o f options have been considered before finalisation o f the details of each component. Some o f the alternatives evaluated have environmental implications, for example the selection o f a sludge disposal scheme. Other alternatives cover alternative engineering solutions. Many o f these latter evaluations have raised no environmental issues but some do, for example the selection o f the type of wastewater treatment

Consolidated Environmentd Appraisal Summary 48 DRAlT /04/Bffebruary 2004



process to be adopted. However, the EA reviews technical evaluations relative to verification o f cost effective solutions, regardless of whether significant environmental issues are involved.

The EA evaluates the HUDP project components, with and without the project scenarios. However, the analyses o f more regional aspects o f these components and whether optimal solutions have been proposed on a regional or basin wide basis i s considered beyond the scope o f this EA, and left to more regional o r sectoral EA analysis. The over-riding goal o f the HUDP project was the fostering o f CZT integration and cooperation, to allow for more regional and optimal planning o f future projects in the CZT planning area. Details o f the alternative evaluations are provided in Chapter 6 o f the main HUDP EA, and the types of evaluations b y component project are shown below.

S17.1 PC1 Flood Embankment and Roadway Options

The evaluation o f options for the P C l Component Flood Embankments covered issues such as: 0 Closure Of Protected Areas

0 Embankment Alignment

0 Embankment Raising And Strengthening

0 Embankment Design

0 Crest Width

0 Side slopes

0 Embankment Earthwork Stability

0 Easement Width

0 Freeboard

0 Weak Points In The Existing Embankments

0 Embankment Grout Curtain

0 Side Slope Protection

0 Drainage

0 Pumping Stations

0 Sluices

The evaluation o f options for the PC1 Road Options covered issues such as: 0 Design Standards

0 Horizontal Alignment

0 Vertical Alignment

0 Cross Sections

0 Road Base

0 Pavement

0 Access Junctions

0 Lay-by Details

0 Road Drainage

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summary /04/Bffebruary 2004

49 DRAFT



~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ _ _ _ _ _ _

0 Sidewalks

0 Roadside Facilities

0 Bridges & Culverts

0 Landscaping

0 Alignment Options

S17.2 PC2 Options

The evaluation of options for the PC2 Component covered issues such as: 0 Sewerage System Interception Ratio

0 Pipe Materials

0 Collection System, Pump Stations and Pressure Mains

0 Number of WWTPs

0 WWTP Site Selection

0 Wastewater Flows and Capacity of the WWTP

The Quality of Wastewater to be Treated

The U s e of Septic Tanks

0 The Degree of Treatment

0 Wastewater Treatment Options

0 WWTP Sludge Disposal

0

0

0 Treated Effluent Standards

S17.3 PC3 Options

The evaluation of options for the PC3 Component covered issues such as: 0 Project Sites for PC3

0 Coal Refuse Options

S17.4 PC4 Options

The evaluation of options for the PC4 Component covered issues such as: 0 PC4 Project Location

0 Wastewater Treatment Options

0 PC6 Options

The evaluation of options for the PC6 Component covered issues such as: 0 Roads and Features

0 Wastewater Treatment

Consolidated Environmenial Appraisal Summary /04/6iFebruary 2004

50 DRAFI'



S18 Public Participation

S18.1 Public Process

There have been many meetings during the project preparation phase o f HUDP with city PMOS, utility companies, city EPBs and other city organisations to discuss the proposed projects and environmental assessments. These meetings have occurred monthly at a minimum and have resulted in full collaboration with local officials and full support o f the project and the EA process.

The many meetings with public officials in the province coupled with the HEPRI surveys o f public support show that these projects are extremely positive and well received by the public. No objections have been received by the city PIUs and there i s no indication that there i s anyone that i s not in support o f these projects or would try to stop their completion.

Most o f the project-related people and organisations have obtained correct knowledge about the significance o f the project and impact upon the environment, and know clearly about how these projects would hasten the development o f State, regional and individual economy. Except for PC2, all the project components are supported by most o f the people, therefore, they have a sound social basis.

According to the project features, the environmental problems which these projects might produce are relatively small; and for the environmental assessment and designing department have taken various impact factors into account and put forward relevant prevention and control measures before construction, problems w i l l be solved as long as these measures are put into practice. In order to win more widespread comprehension and support f rom the people, HEPRI recommends that project proponents pay attention to the fol lowing problems during the design and construction period:

Provide closer contact with local government and people, adopt the public’s reasonable, feasible suggestions on time, to bring more economic and social benefit and reduce the possible adverse impact.

Resettlement plans should be made as early as possible; the resettled should have the rights to participate in layout plans, and to select their most satisfactory one, by getting door-to- door visits o r meetings o f representatives they put forward. Never put aside opinions from the vulnerable groups.

Prepare for the impact o f resettled upon the destination area. As resettlement w i l l cause the increase o f requirement on land, water sources and social service, consider to further consummate the infrastructure facility construction.

As construction o f PC3 w i l l further increase the dust and noise impact upon the roadside resident, i t i s the minimum requirement to have environmental trainings for staff and careful maintenance on vehicles; and, i t i s suggested that the project client help the local government to manage and maintain the road.

Tables S.40 to S.44 provide details of the public consultation process.

Consolidated Environmental Appraisal Summai). 51 D R A F T /04/BIFebmxy 2004

d 0

0 0

0

tl 0

W 5

0 f

> 8

N ? d

8


Project Client

Xiangtan Municipal Urban Development & Investment Corp.


Phase 1

S18.2 EA Public Disclosure

Publicity methods have included announcing existence o f project and EA report on local radio and television broadcasts, as well as being published in newspapers. These announcements give local locations, generally the local PMO offices in each city, where EA and RAPS can be inspected and comments made. They also give contact telephone numbers where information can be obtained. Posters summarising EA and RAPS are displayed in village centres and public meetings are held.

The fol lowing i s a summary o f the EA disclosure activities held in each HUDP project city. During the process o f public consultation, the HEPRI CEA team introduced the environmental protection status o f the project components, and the clients o f all project components have already placed the information about the environmental impact assessment in the local press (see Figure 8.2 ).

Table S.45 provides a summary of the implementation process o f information disclosure, and Table S.46 summarises the disclosure o f information:

Table S.45 Introduction of Project during Public Consultations

2003.8- 10

Zhuzhou Municipal Urban Development & Investment Corp.

2003.9

2003.9

PC4 I CZT Modern Logistic Center 1 2003.9

2003.8- 10 Xiangtan Zhaoshan Tourism Development Corp.

Phase 2

2003.11

2003.10

2003.10

2003.10

2003.11

Daily BP17.50 12.18

Table S.47 provides the results o f the public disclosure program for HUDP.

Zhuzhou Daily 12.16

Zhuzhou Daily 12.16 Zhuzhou Dailv

Daily BP17.50 12.18

Consolidated Environiiiental Appraisal Sutninary /04/Bffebwary 2004

58 DRAFT



Table S.47 Results of HUDP Public Disclosure Program Date

Aug.-Sep, 2003

2003.10

2003.9.10- 1 1

2003.9.21 -22

Early Sep., 2003

Early Oct., 2003

Oct.-Nov., 2003

16 Dec., 2003 22 Dec., 2003 1 Jan., 2004

1 Jan., 2004

16 Dec.. 2003

16 Dec.. 2003

22 Dec., 2003

Very early 2004

Information disclosed

PCI Corridor component EA TOR

PC2 Changsha wastewater component EA report (draft) PC3 clean coal component EA TOR PC4 logistic centre component EA TOR PC6 Zhaoshan scenic area component EA TOR PC6 Zhaoshan scenic area component EA Report Consolidated EA report

PClcorridor component EA report (final)

PC2 Changsha wastewater component EA report (final)

PC3 component EA Report (final) PC4 component EA Report (final)

PC6 component EA Report (final)

Consolidated EA report

PlaceMean of disclosure

Proposed project briefs, Potential environmental impact are introduced in the questionnaires circulated to the four sections of corridor component

Potential impacts and mitigation measures are briefed in public consultation meeting in Changsha PIUs (including CUDIC, XUDIC, ZUDIC) publicize to the public through local city daily newspaper the availability o f component EA report CMDC publicize to the public through Changsha Daily Newspaper the availability of component EA report PIus (including HZCCC, ZTTDC publicize to the public through Zhuzhou Da i ly Newspaper the availability of component EA reports PIUs (including CUDIC, XUDIC, ZUDIC) publicize to the public through Xiangtan Daily Newspaper the availability of component EA reports PPMO plans to publicize to the public through Hunan Daily Newspaper the availability of the consolidated EA report

WB Policy

BP17.50

See Figure 8.2

S19 General Conclusions

The current national and provincial five-year plans envisage the CZT region to be a regional development centre of national importance. Hunan Provincial Govemment attaches considerable importance to the economic integration of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan Cities, and has set up the CZT Economic Integration Office (EIO) for this purpose. The proposed HUDP project i s an important part of the government strategy to promote this integration and sustainable urban development in the CZT Region. In particular, the PC l flood embankment and scenic road will connect the CZT cities and promote regional tourism and development.

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Some o f the key issues affecting the development o f the CZT Region include: frequent flooding of the Xiangjiang River; high levels o f pollution in the Xiangjiang River, with the domestic pollution from Changsha requiring priority attention: air pollution due to the use of high sulphur coal; under-utilisation o f Zhuzhou’s potential as a transport hub: and underutilization o f the potential o f the riverfront and historical areas on the banks o f Xiangjiang River for improved liveability.

The objectives o f HUDP (including the components related to energy, transportation, flood control, tourism, urban wastewater treatment and ecological improvement) are consistent wi th and foster the environmental objectives o f the Tenth Five-year Plan. The HUDP wi l l accrue benefits to the improvement o f urban environment quality, water quality in Xiangjiang River, landscape ecology, the reduction o f air pollution, the enhancement o f flood control and the promotion o f tourism development. I t i s a very important move in implementing CZT regional plan.

The implementation o f HUDP wi l l advance integrated en\,ironmental and economic planning in the CZT region through improved flood protection and linked scenic resources, raise the levels o f central wastewater treatment and; treating and reducing wastewater pollutant loads w i l l help realize the control objectives o f total pollutant discharge amounts; effectively controlling the environmental pollution tendency and meeting the standard o f surface water during the period o f the Tenth Five-year Plan. The appearances, styles and grades o f the project cities can also be much upgraded through improved environmental planning, reduced air pollution and improved logistics services for the sustainable development o f the province in the future.

The PCI f lood control embankment and scenic road, in particular, w i l l link the three cities interests in a way that has never occurred in the past. Future phases o f the HUDP or other international investment schemes w i l l benefit from the CZT E10 planning structure and optimal regional solutions can be developed for maximum economic and environmental benefit. Implementation o f the HUDP components i s l ikely to result in other potential additional benefits, including:

0 Reduced risk o f groundwater contamination in the service areas.

The impact o f making realistic charges for wastewater services should help to

Amenity benefits to the population o f project cities are l ikely to accrue as the quality

0

encourage waste minimisation at source, and internalise the costs o f pollution control.

0

o f the adjacent rivers improve. This could include use o f the river for recreational purposes and the development o f riverside walks and parks for public use.

S20 Final Conclusions and Recommendations

1. The flooding situation and environmental conditions are serious and the f lood control and environmental infrastructure needs of Hunan Province are high, and expanding rapidly.

The HUDP projects have emerged from a basin-wide prioritisation process, are well formulated, and have detailed and complete preliminary designs and cost estimates.

There i s good public support for the projects based on meetings in the project cities and public opinion surveys.

The proposed projects can meet financial and economic tests o f sustainability and are affordable to the local citizens.

Social impacts, consisting mainly o f land acquisition and resettlement, are addressed b y a detailed RAP, and, in any case, are not significantly adverse.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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6. The potential economic, social and environmental benefits of the Phase HUDP projects are large, as reported i n the previous sections.

Potential construction and operational phase impacts of the proposed HUDP projects have been adequately assessed and no major issues have been identified. Detailed mitigation and monitoring procedures have been prepared which should adequately lessen the overall effect of these potential impacts. Monitoring costs have been included for this work and assignments detailed.

The recommendations included herein i n the Component EAs and HEPRI in the Consolidated EA are rational and should be considered in the design and construction o f these projects.

The overall conclusion i s that the potential positive impacts are large, the potential negative construction and operation impacts can be successfully mitigated, and the projects contain no serious problems or "fatal flaws" in i t s formulation. The project components are essentially environmentally positive and should be approved.

7.

8.

9.

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,FOGRAPHIC POSITION OF HUNAN PROVINCF iEOERAPHlC POSITI

Consolidated Environiiienlill Appraisal S uiiimary 75 DRAFT IWIBiFebruary 2004



Figure S.2 Geographic Location of the HUDP Components

Consolidated Fnvironmental Appraisal Summary 76 DRAFT /04/B/February 2004


Pages i and ii

Pages i and ii


name T I Hunan Urban Development

Project T2 Consolidated Environmental

Data Input Table - Do Not Delete

Footers

Item

IN1 I LQ

Report Title - first line

Report Title - second Iine

Report Title -third line

Report Title or Heading - first line Report Title or Heading - second line Group Name

Client/Associate (where applicable)

Project Number Report Number Revision Letter-

Date o f issue or report

Initials of word processor

Location I Bookmark I X’” I Record of

Record on page ii and footers Page i, Issue and 1 D A T E I I February 2004 Revision Record on 1 I I I

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If you delete a ‘Bookmark’, you will need to recreate i t in the same place with the same name using ‘Insert + Fields + Mail Merge +Ask’.

This column and the appropriate locations in the report contain the ‘Bookmark References’. These references can be updated by changing the ‘View’ from ‘Normal’ to ‘Page Layout’ and back again.

If you delete a ‘Bookmark Reference’, you will need to recreate it in the same place with the same name using ‘Insert + Fields + Links and References + Ref‘. To help locate a reference (or any other ‘Field Code’) highlight the codes using ‘Tools +Options + Field shading + Always’.

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