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Hon Wilson Tuckey

THE FUEL OF THE FUTURE

HYDROGEN is needed now

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New Energy Source for Vehicles

• All future vehicles including public transport, freight and rail systems should be directly or indirectly powered by electricity.

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MOTOR VEHICLES• Battery powered cars are now in production but should be recharged

by renewable energy, preferably delivered through the grid.

• The installed charger is designed to operate during off-peak power, thus reducing peak demand. Nevertheless a preponderance of these vehicles will require a significant increase in installed electricity generating capacity.

• Cars can also be powered by electricity generated by a fuel cellutilising hydrogen fuel. Hydrogen fuel cells are 60% fuel efficient compared to an internal combustion engine of around 25%.

• Internal combustion engines can be fuelled fully or partially byhydrogen. Hydrogen fed into the air intake manifold can reduce hydrocarbon fuel consumption and produce cleaner exhaust.

4Fuel Cell Vehicles : report by Larry Burns, Vice President, General Motors Research & Development

5Fuel Cell Vehicles : report by Larry Burns, Vice President, General Motors Research & Development

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This Greek submarine is powered through a fuel cell utilising hydrogen and oxygen supplied by Air

Products USA.

http://zerosix.wordpress.com/2007/07/25/greek-aip-submarine-powered-by-hydrogen-fuel-cell

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World Population and Global Vehicle Participation

• Only 12% of the world’s present 6 billion population own a motor vehicle.

• Projected to grow to 16% of 8 Billion by 2020.

Fuel Cell Vehicles : report by Larry Burns, Vice President, General Motors Research & Development

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Demand for liquid hydro carbons is growing exponentially and the price can only follow

that trend.

Fuel Cell Vehicles : report by Larry Burns, Vice President, General Motors Research & Development

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Penetration of Vehicles with 50% Fuel Economy by 2025

Fuel Cell Vehicles : report by Larry Burns, Vice President, General Motors Research & Development

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How to guarantee Australia’s future energy

security

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Future availability of liquid hydro carbons

• Australia has ever declining reserves of liquid hydro carbon.

• Supply is increasingly limited to some of the world’s most politically volatile nations.

• Australia must achieve domestic energy security by generating its own fuel of mobility from tidal power.

• This fuel is hydrogen.

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Exposing the hydrogen supply difficulty myth

• There is currently enough hydrogen produced in the world to fuel over 200 million fuel cell vehicles (Air Products USA).

• Hydrogen can be produced by the electrolysis of water.

• Hydrogen can be liquefied or stored at very high pressure.

• There is no need to deliver by tanker as it can be produced at the service station or in the family garage.

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Supply in Remote Locations

• Hydrogen can be produced by electrolysis in remote locations utilising solar or other available electrical energy.

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On Site Water electrolysis equipment for manufacture of hydrogen and storage on site suitable for individual

metropolitan service stations is already available

Hydrogen Supply Infrastructure and Fuel Cell Bus Technology Brochure (CUTE)

15CSIRO “Stepping on the gas”

Refuelling in the family garage• The energy source can be mains electricity (tidal, solar and/or wind).

• Larger units supplied by solar power could produce hydrogen fuel for agricultural machinery.

• Also large road transport equipment which might also have an electric motor in every wheel to reduce road damage.

• This CSIRO publication identifies a box the size of a microwave oven that can produce sufficient hydrogen to energise a fuel cell car for 1,000kms per week.

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Targets for introduction of Hydrogen/Electric Vehicles

• World Governments should combine to set targets for the introduction of this technology (example : unleaded petrol) to encourage the manufacturing industry to focus on research and development in this area.

• As an entry level example, major capital city taxi and light truck delivery services should be the first to be mandated.

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Recommendation• That the Coalition set an introduction timetable

for mandating the use of Hydrogen fuelled commercial vehicles such as taxis and light trucks operating in designated capital cities.

• That this policy be promulgated internationally as an example of Australia’s commitment to genuine carbon and particulates emission reduction.

• That Government funding is available for advancing this technology in Australia.