i. the kingdom protista a. what is a protist?
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II. Protists were the first eukaryotic organisms to evolve on Earth Lynn Margulis- hypothesized first eukaryotic cell formed by a close relationship among several prokaryotes Many scientists agree that animals and plants evolved from protists.TRANSCRIPT
I. The Kingdom Protista A. What is a Protist?
Any eukaryote that is not an animal, plant, or fungus a. Eukaryote
any unicellular or multicellular organism that has a nucleus and
other organelles within its cell or cells 2.Most unicellular, some
multicellular. II. Protists were the first eukaryotic organisms to
evolve on Earth
Lynn Margulis- hypothesized first eukaryotic cell formed by a close
relationship among several prokaryotes Many scientists agree that
animals and plants evolved from protists. III. Classification of
Protists
Classified by how they obtain food. Include: Animal-like,
Plant-like, and Fungus-like protists Animal-like IV. Protozoans-
animal-like protists (Consumers) obtain food from environment (they
eat). Ex: Paramecium and Amoeba Trichosysts - protection Oral
groove -mouth
Figure 20-5 A Ciliate Lysosomes - digestion Section 20-2
Trichosysts - protection Oral groove -mouth Gullet - stomach Anal
Pore waste removal Contractile Vacuole water removal Micronucleus
Back up memory Cilia -movement Food Vacuoles Store food
Macronucleus Daily functions Go to Section: An Amoeba Contractile
vacuole Pseudopods Nucleus Food vacuole
Section 20-2 Food vacuole Nucleus Contractile vacuole Pseudopods Go
to Section: B. Importance of Protozoa (Animal-like protists)
1. Cause many human diseases like African sleeping sickness and
amoebic dysentery (diarrhea) Blood culture of Trypanosoma causes
African Sleeping Sickness
Fever, chills, neurological problems, coma, death Image contributed
by Pr. J. Le Bras, Hpital Bichat Fungus-like V. Slime molds and
Water molds- fungus-like protists are consumers that obtain food by
external digestion (this is weird). Act like fungus, but cell
structure is like protists, no chitin in cell walls A. Importance
of Fungus-Like Protists
- Slime molds- important decomposers in forests and swamps - Water
molds decomposers in water, parasites on land. 1.Water mold
Phytophthora infestans caused the Great Potato Famine in Ireland in
1845. Plant-like VI. Algae- plant-like protists (producers) use
sunlight to make food through the process of photosynthesis. Ex:
Unicellular Algae and Multicellular Algae Carbohydrate storage
bodies Chloroplast
Euglena Section 20-3 Carbohydrate storage bodies Chloroplast Gullet
Pellicle - protection Contractile vacuole water removal Flagella-
movement Eyespot- Detects light Nucleus Go to Section: B.
Importance of Algae (plant-like protists)
Unicellular Algae all contain some type of chlorophyll, most
contain accessory pigments used for photosynthesis. Form the base
of food chains in oceans as phytoplankton Carry out the majority of
earths photosynthesis produce most of Earths oxygen 2.Algal blooms-
huge masses of algae quickly deplete nutrients in water; algal
cells quickly die in great numbers; their decay depletes the supply
of oxygen in water; kills fish and invertebrates A.Red tides-
blooms of algae that produce a potentially dangerous toxin-
shellfish can become full of the toxin- if eaten can cause serious
illness, paralysis, even death Algal Blooms 2011 Class Field Trip
Red Tides C. Importance of Multi-cellular Algae
Food source for many sea animals. Home or refuge for many sea
animals (kelp forests and Sargasso sea). Produce much of earths
oxygen. Human uses Source of vitamin C and Iron. Human uses Source
of vitamin C and Iron. Wrap for sushi. Human uses Source of vitamin
C and Iron. Wrap for sushi. Additive for ice cream, pudding, candy
bars. Chemicals from Algae used in plastics, waxes, deodorants,
paints and lubricants. Some chemicals extracted from algae used to
treat ulcers, high blood pressure, etc. Protists Section 20-1
animallike plantlike Funguslike called called
are classified as animallike plantlike Funguslike called called
called Slim molds Water molds protozoa algae s which which use
Produce food by photosynthesis External digestion Take in food from
environment and include Go to Section: Decomposers parasites :
bioweb.uwlax.edu White Cliffs of Dover