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Page 1: I4.0 - Study - Altice LabsMarket Forecasts: Industry 4.0 16 Q_GOP_DM_02_V1.4 03. Research and Market: • The Industry 4.0 market was valued at USD 66.67 Billion in 2016 and is expected

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Industry 4.0 December 2017

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INDEX

1. In Brief 2. Overview 3. Market Forecasts 4. Technological Landscape 5. Technologies Comparative 6. Altice and Altice Labs Positioning 7. Conclusions 8. References

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INDEX

1. In Brief 2. Overview 3. Market Forecasts 4. Technological Landscape 5. Technologies Comparative 6. Altice and Altice Labs Positioning 7. Conclusions 8. References

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“Industry 4.0 aims to leverage differences between the physical, digital, and biological sphere. It integrates cyber-physical systems and the Internet of things, big data and cloud computing, robotics, artificial-intelligence based systems and additive manufacturing. This development can potentially raise globe income levels and improve the quality of life for populations around the world. It produces several effects:

• On the business side: it drastically modifies customer expectations, product enhancement, collaborative innovation and organizational forms. New technologies make assets more durable and resilient, while data and analytics change the way they are maintained.

• On governments: as new technologies increasingly enable citizens to engage with governments, while governments gain more and more tools to increase their control over population. Governments and legislators must collaborate closely with civil society to be able to properly answer to challenges.

• On people: one of the greatest challenges is on privacy, on the notion of ownership, consumer patterns and how we devote time to develop skills.” @ EU Commission

“Smart factory - this term describes an environment where machinery and equipment are able to improve processes through automation and self-optimization. The benefits also extend beyond just the physical production of goods and into functions like planning, supply chain logistics, and even product development.” @Ottomotors

In brief: Definitions 01.

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In brief 01.

1. The term "Fourth Industrial Revolution“, known also as Industry 4.0, refers to technologies and concepts involving the complete value chain of an industry. It is deeply related with the use of real time data to support self-organizing production system.

2. Industry 4.0 relies upon the combination of technologies that have become ubiquitous in the last few years: microprocessors and microcontrollers with ever-growing computational power; a global telecommunications network infrastructure; data storage availability of unprecedented size and scale together with algorithms able to process this ever growing amount of data in a set of intercrossed domains.

3. The potential of next generation industry goes far beyond manufacturing processes. It really allows information-driven control over the entire value chain, making it possible to increase profits by dynamically optimizing costs, availability and consumption of resources, in all ecosystem domains.

4. The Smart Factory concept is focused only on the manufacturing processes improvement by applying the Internet of Things at the factory floor level.

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In brief 01.

5. Industry 4.0 may increasingly rely on the dematerialization of traditional factories. From IT, connectivity, marketing, purchase, distribution and other non-critical departments to production centers, smart factories will leverage to rearrange themselves according to their business needs, while increasing flexibility, quality and reduce overall costs.

6. Two main organizations lead research in Industry 4.0: Plattform Industrie 4.0 in Germany (2012) and the Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC) in USA (2014).

7. In 2016 the European Commission launches the framework “Digitizing European Industry” to promote the adoption of the Industry 4.0 concept that potentially raises global income levels and improves the quality of life for populations around the world.

8. The strategy for Industry 4.0 requires the implementation of three recommendations [4]: horizontal integration, through the development of inter-company value chains; end-to-end engineering covering the entire value chain; and vertical integration, linking business processes to the smart manufacturing shop.

9. Operators could become a key player in global Industry value chain providing, among others, communications, integration capabilities, cloud infrastructure and services, such as high-power analytics, acting as a catalyst for partnership creation.

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INDEX

1. In Brief 2. Overview 3. Market Forecasts 4. Technological Landscape 5. Technologies Comparative 6. Altice and Altice Labs Positioning 7. Conclusions 8. References

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Overview: Industry 4.0 02.

• The Industrial Revolution started around the end of the 18th century, with the advent of workplace mechanization. The invention of the first mechanical loom marks the beginning of a new era in goods fabrication and the uprising of the industry as the privileged means to produce goods.

• The second stage of the Industrial Revolution occurs during the transition from the 19th to the 20th century, with the replacement of steam by electricity as the main power source, allowing the introduction of relay based automation and thus enabling mass production.

• By the 1970s, with the developments in electronics and in particular the possibility of producing cheap and reliable transistor-based circuits, opened the way for the introduction of the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), replacing hard-wired relays and cam-based systems by electronic programmable devices, starting the Third Industrial Revolution.

• The Fourth Industrial Revolution is characterized by the intensive usage of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The Industrial Internet – interconnecting machines, sensors, actuators, computers and people – enables intelligent industrial operations using advanced data analytics (eventually including artificial intelligence), for new business paradigms and business opportunities.

Source: Euscoop

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Overview: Industry 4.0 trends 02.

Trends of the 4th industrial revolution clearly point to a new organization and control over the whole value chain of product’s lifecycle. Recent studies from companies like Deloitte, McKinsey & Company, BCG or PWC identify several of those relevant trends and drivers, such as:

1. Nano technology, making available sensors that can be embedded on other major units, accelerating Industry 4.0 pace.

2. Raising of cheap smart objects and cyber-physical systems, making it more affordable to invest in I4.0, increasing competitive advantages while at the same time improve customers experience.

3. Global connectivity access, fixed and wireless, including 4G. 5G and low-power wide area network technologies (LPWAN), for devices’ interconnection in the Industry 4.0 ecosystem, comprising, among others, smart factories, smart utilities, smart logistics systems, smart buildings and homes, and smart cities.

4. Availability of Cloud services for data networking, processing and storage, in the edge and in the core.

5. Generation of huge volumes of data that is being continuously collected from multiple sectors and activities, either business, industry or social.

6. Availability of analytics, business intelligence and machine learning tools over real-time data, considerably improving product and services’ lifecycles. Integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to process data generated in the whole value chain processes.

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Overview: Industry 4.0 trends 02.

7. M2M, H2M and M2H interactivity making possible the continuous sharing of information along the complete industry lifecycle – from the product idea to the development, manufacturing, test, production, marketing and product sale. Sharing information in all process stages maximizes its optimization and efficiency, resulting on vertical and horizontal integrations.

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Overview: Industry ecosystem evolution 02.

Traditional industry ecosystem is silo-based, where all players usually have common requirements (communications, water, energy, …) and follows a static flow. The evolution towards industry 4.0 will encompass the dematerialization and digitization of all players encompassing dynamic processes being orchestrated at the core central intelligence.

Marketing

Inventory

Transportation

Communications

Utilities

Suppliers Distributers Retailers

Marketing

Inventory

Transportation

Communications

Utilities

Marketing

Inventory

Transportation

Communications

Utilities

Marketing

Inventory

Transportation

Communications

Utilities

Manufacturer

Industry Ecosystem

Customers

Financial/Accounting

Human resources

Manufacturing & Logistic (in and outbound)

Sales & distribution

Innovation Plant Packing

Design Shipping … Services

Simulation Production Raw material stock

orchestrator

Smart factory

Customers

Partners:

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Overview: Industry 4.0 Benefits 02.

I4.0

Improved quality

Higher flexibility

Higher efficiency

• Increased productivity: industry dematerialization will enable to onboard the best partner to accomplish a required task in the defined deadline enabling a continues focus on the core business.

• Improved quality: at each stage the quality can be measured in all value chain involved processes

• Higher flexibility and agility: smart-objects will constantly and automatically be sending their production requirements, enabling a continuous customization and accelerating processes throughout all the industry lifecycle processes.

• Higher efficiency: With increased automation and associated intelligence, factories can make rapid decisions and correct deviations on the go optimizing the overall process. and reducing costs.

• Higher competitiveness: I4.0 provide the basis for the rapid introduction of new products fostering products differentiation against competitors.

The potential of next generation industry goes far beyond manufacturing processes. Industry 4.0/Smart factories benefits come from using all information flows to promote maximum possible synergies and automation, optimizing procurement, production, sales and delivery. The orchestration of all these domains will create an enormous value to the industrial ecosystem:

Increased Productivity

Higher competitiveness

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INDEX

1. In Brief 2. Overview 3. Market Forecasts 4. Technological Landscape 5. Technologies Comparative 6. Altice and Altice Labs Positioning 7. Conclusions 8. References

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Market: General Picture 03.

In the European space there are multiple initiatives for digitizing European industries, grouped as Policy or Research & Innovation. The objectives of the European platform of national initiatives are to promote investments and the increase of digitization among industries by:

• Interchange of experiences

• Collaboration and joint investments

• Discuss regulatory problems

• Re-skilling the workforce

Source:

Source: European Commission - List of National Initiatives active in June 2017

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03.

Globalization will be fostered by the continuous effort to bind different industry domains, at a national and international level, building the best partnership at each moment in time. At the same time, it will also contribute to link closely local companies.

This fact helps to understand why cumulative benefits expected from digitalization vary from region to region, as depicted in the graph in the left hand side.

“Asian companies, especially those based in Japan and China, expect the greatest gains from the digitization of Industry 4.0, followed by companies in the Americas and then Europe and the Middle East. Japanese companies are already the most advanced in this field, followed by those based in the U.S. and Europe. Companies in all regions expect to catch up within five years.“

Source:

What cumulative benefits from digitization (in context of an Industry 4.0) do you expect in the next five years?

Market Forecasts: Industry 4.0

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03.

Research and Market:

• The Industry 4.0 market was valued at USD 66.67 Billion in 2016 and is expected to reach USD 152.31 Billion by 2022, at a CAGR of 14.72% between 2017 and 2022.

• The increasing adoption of the Industrial Internet and increased focus on efficiency and cost of production play a significant role in the growth of the Industry 4.0 market.

MarketsandMarkets:

• Industrial robotics is the largest size of the Industry 4.0 market by 2022 From $41.75 billion in 2016 to reach $81.47 billion by 2022 (CAGR 2017-2022: 11.70%)

• The market for industrial equipment vertical is expected to be valued at $22.79 billion by 2022, growing at the highest CAGR of 18.45%

• Asia Pacific expected to have the major share of the Industry 4.0 market between 2017 and 2022

Market Forecasts: Industry 4.0

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INDEX

1. In Brief 2. Overview 3. Market Forecasts 4. Technological Landscape 5. Technologies Comparative 6. Altice and Altice Labs Positioning 7. Conclusions 8. References

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Technological landscape: Value Chain 04.

Industry 4.0 value chain core partners will include – the smart factory itself, suppliers, distributers, retailers and customers.

Smart factory might use outsourced sectors as logistics, production centres, administrative and sales & marketing partners as intrinsic to the factory unity.

These sectors can constitute independent organizations providing services to all other partners of the ecosystem. For instance, a raw materials supplier could use the same logistic organization as the smart factory.

All of them could have in common the use of other un-replaceable type of players, as utilities, transportation and communications.

In an integrated model there could be different providers for the same service, where one of them could be chosen as partner for some specific project, upon a configured criteria or set of rules as price, security, quality of service, experience, performance, etc.

An orchestrator must be present in the intelligent core of smart factory, providing end-to-end transparency.

orchestrator

Smart factory

Customers

Partners:

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Technological landscape: Industry 4.0 forums 04.

Plattform Industrie 4.0

“Plattform Industrie 4.0 is the central network to advance digital transformation towards Industry 4.0 in Germany and set in 2012. In close cooperation with politics, industry, science, associations and trade unions, it develops and coordinates information and networking services in order to make Industry 4.0 solutions better known among companies and to deploy them on site”.

Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC)

“The Industrial Internet Consortium® is an open membership organization with members from 30 countries, formed to accelerate the development, adoption, and wide-spread use of interconnected machines and devices, intelligent analytics, and people at work. Founded by AT&T, Cisco, General Electric, IBM, and Intel in March 2014, the Industrial Internet Consortium catalyzes and coordinates the priorities and enabling technologies of the Industrial Internet”.

The emergence of new technologies and new business opportunities associated will impact industries at many levels. Two main organizations are leading Industry 4.0 space:

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Technological landscape: Industry 4.0 architectures 04.

Plattform Industrie 4.0, with its strong roots in the manufacturing industry (smart factory)

Reference Architecture Model Industrie (RAMI) 4.0 standard DIN SPEC 91345 was developed by Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V. (German National Standard) in 04/01/2016 | RAMI4.0 is a pre-standard by international standardisation organisations (IEC/ISO)

Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC), with its more cross-domain oriented approach.

To assist the user community and increase usability, the Industrial Internet Reference Architecture (IIRA) is published as Volume G1: Reference Architecture, IIC:PUB:G1:V1.80:20170131 (known as IIRA – Industrial Internet Reference Architecture)

Source: The Industrial Internet of Things Volume G1 Reference Architecture

Both organizations have developed reference architectures to integrate existing norms and standards for Industry 4.0.

While Plattform Industrie 4.0 is mostly researching in smart factories (next generation manufactures) value chain, the Industrial Internet Consortium has a broader scope crossing multiple domains.

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Technological landscape: Plattform Industrie 4.0 architecture 04.

Plattform Industrie 4.0 has defined the Reference Architectural Model for Industry (RAMI 4.0)

• RAMI 4.0 is a 3D map showing how to approach the issue of Industry 4.0, combining components and life cycle model. It is a service-oriented architectural model that breaks down complex processes

• “In the world of Industrie 4.0, people, machines, equipment, logistics systems and products communicate and cooperate with each other directly. Production and logistics processes are integrated intelligently across company boundaries to make manufacturing more efficient and flexible.”

Graphics © Plattform Industrie 4.0 and ZVEI

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Technological landscape: Plattform Industrie 4.0 architecture

04.

Traditional industry hierarchy New industry paradigm

Hardware based infrastructure Hierarchical communications Isolated product

Digitalization Flexible systems and network distributed functions Levelness architecture with meshed communications Connected product

Graphics © Plattform Industrie 4.0 Graphics © Plattform Industrie 4.0

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Technological landscape: Industrial Internet Consortium

04.

“This is the Smart Factory; the factory of the future. It’s conducted by the Industrial “Internet of Things,” permitting processes to govern themselves, with intelligent machines and devices that take corrective action to avoid unscheduled breakdowns. Downtime becomes a thing of the past, waste and defects eliminated, each machine moves in perfect time. Every handheld digital device in the factory reports the status of every fixed device, giving personnel access to real-time, actionable information. Wearable technology tracks employee location in case of emergency. A global team of tech-savvy players will ensure that specific parts are ordered and replenished based on real time analysis of big data. The list goes on and on.“

Currently, nineteen working groups and teams are running under IIC coordination, establishing the priorities and enabling technologies of the Industrial Internet. They are working in seven broad areas, such as Business Strategy and Solution Lifecycle, Marketing, Security or Technology. The Smart Factory Task Group (SFTG) is under the Marketing area and the focus is on aggregating information and putting it into a format that makes sense to business decision makers .

RTI: Blueprint for the Industrial Internet – The IIC Industrial Internet Reference Architecture

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Technological landscape: IIC architecture 04.

Functional domains are related with major system functions that usually support generic Industrial IoT (IIoT) usages and to be aware of generic IIoT system capabilities that are relevant for business purposes.

Additional functions must be provided to enable major system functions – the crosscutting functions dealing with connectivity, control, analytics and data management.

The combined behaviour of an IIoT system is not just the sum of what is provided by its constituent functional components. Like any complex system, there are emergent behaviours or properties resulting from the interactions of the parts. These emergent system-wide properties are called system characteristics. For example, to ensure security in a system a certain set of security functions, as crosscutting functions, must be implemented in each of the functional components and their communications, such as encryption and authentication. The same is true for safety, resilience and any other system properties.

The trust of a system, defined as trustworthiness of the system, is based on a set of such system characteristics, including safety, security, resilience, reliability and privacy.

Source: The Industrial Internet of Things Volume G1 Reference Architecture

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INDEX

1. In Brief 2. Overview 3. Market Forecasts 4. Technological Landscape 5. Technologies Comparative 6. Altice and Altice Labs Positioning 7. Conclusions 8. References

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Technologies Comparative: Plattform Industrie 4.0 versus Industrial Internet Consortium

05.

• At a cooperation level teams of Plattform Industrie 4.0 and IIC are aware of the complementary nature of the two architectures - respectively, the Reference Architecture Model for Industrie 4.0 (RAMI4.0) and the Industrial Internet Reference Architecture (IIRA).

• Both, Plattform Industrie 4.0 and IIC are working together on a roadmap able to guarantee a future interoperability between their architectures. Other collaboration areas may be the IIC Testbeds and I4.0 Test Facility Infrastructures, as well as standardization, and business outcomes in the Industrial Internet.

While Industrial Internet Consortium presents an architecture that spans multiple industrial domains, Plattform Industrie 4.0 is focused on creating a connected manufacturing value chain.

ENERGY

HEALTH CARE

MANUFACTURING

PUBLIC DOMAIN

TRANSPORTATION

Cross domain & Interoperability in IoT

Detailed model for Next-gen manufacturing Value chain I4.0

IIC

Cross domain interaction

Smart factory

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Technologies Comparative: Between lines - Plattform Industrie 4.0 versus Industrial Internet Consortium

05.

Taking advantage of both architectures, it is possible to have an end-to-end ecosystem

Industry as a whole needs to be able to work across domains; manufactured goods are one of those domains Industrie 4.0 focuses on manufacturing; IIC is concerned about integration across domains.

Plattform Industrie 4.0 • Plattform Industrie 4.0’s Reference Architecture Model for Industrie 4.0 (RAMI4.0) • RAMI4.0 is centered on creating smart factories value chain • Coordinates the shaping of the Industrie 4.0-driven digital structural shift of German industry • Open to any company that wants to use test beds to implement an innovative idea in the context of the digitalization of the

manufacturing industry.

Industrial Internet Consortium • Industrial Internet Reference Architecture (IIRA) • IIC has broad areas as energy, transportation, healthcare • Pursue the adoption of the Industrial Internet on a global scale with cross-industry oriented approach • Strict approval process for test beds

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Technologies Comparative: Between lines - Plattform Industrie 4.0 versus Industrial Internet Consortium

05.

Industrial Internet Consortium and Plattform Industrie 4.0 cooperation lines

• To maintain a technical exchange among both organizations for the benefit of interoperability of Industrial Internet systems from the different domains

• to identify mappings, differences and enhancements on both sides

• to formulate requirements together for standardization bodies

• To push the cooperation on testbeds/test environments

• Applying a life cycle perspective on products, production systems and IIoT solutions

• Working on thought leadership and providing guidance in building a common understanding of trustworthiness as a core concept to crucial aspects of security

Plattform industrie 4.0 International cooperations

IIC has more than 240 members

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INDEX

1. In Brief 2. Overview 3. Market Forecasts 4. Technological Landscape 5. Technologies Comparative 6. Altice and Altice Labs Positioning 7. Conclusions 8. References

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SWOT for an I4.0 CSP player 06. Strengths

• There is a relationship between industries and operator, since the operator is the provider of communications and services

• Operators have the capability to offer end-to-end solutions, enabling overall systems integration

• It is expected that the operator is also the same provider of connectivity and services for the Industry 4.0 partners with huge synergies gains (energy, real-time supply chain, optimization, digital management)

• Verticals can be joined together by the operator, improving the knowledge of the overall system

• Operators can more easily provide the basis for the creation of new services, applications and security

Opportunities • Developing an integrated operation control center as a central piece of industries governance

(at CSP level only…) • Cloud platform for digital industries (multi-company environments to meet the requirements

of a wide set of SMEs) • New business ecosystems (new business models) – industry 4.0 will rapidly disrupt

traditional value and supply-chains, giving that globalization will be there more than ever, bringing together a wide selection of different players from a multitude of sectors.

• Data intermediation between all ecosystem players. Develop data governance models and other framework conditions facilitating the emergence of open data platforms

• Cyber-security and trust will be crucial and new industry data platforms could be the trigger to invest on the development of safer environments using the most up-to-date standards

Weaknesses • Coordination assumes critical relevance since it is required a

multidisciplinary team working together for the overall system operation.

• It will be fundamental to create engaged partnerships with specialized expertise to go through the complex implementation of the overall solution

• Data ownership when working with third-party providers involves legal aspects related to data transfer and data use and could become a barrier to implementation

• Reluctance from stakeholders to invest heavily in new technologies

Threats

• SMEs could be not financially prepared to go through full digitization, and SMEs are the stamina of Europe’s industry

• SMEs traditionally don’t work in close cooperation between each other and their value chain partners

• Lack of standardization • Security vulnerabilities that could compromise and undermine the

ecosystem - need of establishing trusted environments where data can be transferred, accessed, and used in a secure mode.

• Lack of digital skills in the industry may become critical.

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Altice Positioning 06.

CSPs and DSPs (Digital Service Providers) are natural enablers for Industry 4.0 regardless the domain of activity. They are prime stakeholders in this new market despite their business agnosticism. DSPs are able to provide the stratum for this new industrial era, being a strong core partner in the construction of improved industrial processes that use information across activities to derive the best decisions, either human or machine based. They are crucial for the implementation of the required foundation to Industry 4.0 model adoption. DSPs have been mainly concentrated in traditional connectivity offer and more recently are focused on setting up and operating ubiquitous fixed and mobile networks, and providing managed connectivity services allowing customers to manage and monitor M2M communications over heterogeneous networks. Following the Smart Cities trend, Industry 4.0 is also representing a major opportunity for DSPs to move up in the value chain beyond the typical communication services. They can become key players in providing their assets letting the industrial ecosystem to move further in optimization. DSPs can, more specifically, make available to this ecosystem some enablers such as cloud computing, IT services, IoT services, Security platforms and services, monetization capabilities, big data analytics and access control mechanisms. The integration of these resources will be the base for a smooth implementation of next-generation industry putting DSPs in the centre of the I4.0 business.

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Altice Labs Positioning 06.

In the Shorter Term To provide analytics platform and tools, helping to process all industry data – Industry 4.0 depends on data, its analysis and prompt actuation. Altice Labs can be a provider of the analytics framework able to aggregate industry relevant internal and 3rd party data to feed algorithms that will process it, mostly in real-time, and output information to operational and business decisions (could be automated) To evolve the Smart2M platform in order to support heterogeneous connectivity types - To evolve M2M connectivity management of industrial services and applications in a broad range of verticals. This could be a basilar service of the ecosystem to control and monitor M2M/IoT connectivity regardless the communication technology (e.g. 2G/3G/4G Cellular Network, LPWAN Technologies). In the Longer Term To become the provider of a digital platform that can interconnect industry partners. This platform will act as an integration bus that onboard multiple domains of industrial stakeholders with security and privacy. This will enable to improve industry efficiency gains namely in services, information, operational fields. Among other services, this platform could provide an I4.0 orchestrator able to self adapt to each industrial sector processes, suggesting suppliers, manufacturers and distributors to integrate the value chain of the platform customers.

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Conclusions 07.

Factory floor Framework

API Management

Data Mng. & Analytics

App Enablement

IoT Monetization

Apps Industry Dashboard Factory Data

Local connectivity / Managed connectivity 1st phase: connected factory floor with advanced sensors and actuators

2nd phase: Intelligence – Analytics, predictive algorithms, machine learning,

automation and domain expertise

3rd phase - Connect people to business, to provide better operation,

maintenance and service quality

Connecting other industries of the value chain with tailored business applications

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INDEX

1. In Brief 2. Overview 3. Market Forecasts 4. Technological Landscape 5. Technologies Comparative 6. Altice and Altice Labs Positioning 7. Conclusions 8. References

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Conclusions 07.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution, also named Industry 4.0, can be described as the intensive usage of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) not only in the factory floor (smart factory) but also crossing different interrelated domains, towards an improvement of efficiency and productivity.

Both smart factory and the cross domains Industry 4.0 use vertical and horizontal integration. In the former the vertical integration refers to the integration of the various IT systems at different hierarchical levels (e.g. the actuator and sensor, control, production management, manufacturing and execution and corporate planning levels), and the horizontal integration refers to the integration of the various IT systems used in the different stages of the manufacturing and business planning. In the broader Industry 4.0 sense, the verticals are the several stakeholders and the horizontal integration refers to the transversal usage of the value chain required data.

Both have the same goal that is to deliver an optimal end-to-end solution to their customers.

There are two main organization working on Industry 4.0 space:

• Plattform Industrie 4.0 with RAMI4.0 architecture

• Industrial Internet Consortium with IIRA architecture

Both architectures are complementary and a cooperation effort is being done between both organizations on interoperability.

Service providers (DSPs) are a key partner on Industry 4.0 and can leverage on their assets to move up in the value chain with differentiated solutions.

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INDEX

1. In Brief 2. Overview 3. Market Forecasts 4. Technological Landscape 5. Technologies Comparative 6. Altice and Altice Labs Positioning 7. Conclusions 8. References

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References 08.

[1] - Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/fourth-industrial-revolution, in Nov 2017 [2] - Retrieved from: https://www.ottomotors.com/blog/what-is-the-smart-factory-manufacturing, in Nov 2017 [3] - Industry 4.0 – the Telco perspective, A. Rocha, P. Fonseca in Altice Labs Innovaction magazine, 2017 [4] - Retrieved from: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industry_4.0 , in Nov 2017 [5] - Retrieved from: https://www.slideshare.net/TheBostonConsultingGroup/sprinting-to-value-in-industry-40, in Nov 2017 [6] - Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/content/digitising-european-industry-catalogue-initiatives, in Nov 2017 [7] - Retrieved from: https://www.strategy-business.com/article/A-Strategists-Guide-to-Industry-4.0, in Nov 2017 [8] - Retrieved from: https://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/94nx75/industry_4_0, in Nov 2017 [9] - Retrieved from: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/industry-40-market-worth-15231-billion-usd-by-2022-

623605563.html, in Nov 2017 [10] - Retrieved from: http://www.plattform-i40.de/I40/Redaktion/EN/PressReleases/2016/2016-09-22-meeting-pi40-iic.html , in Nov

2017 [11] - Reference Architectural Model Industrie 4.0 (RAMI 4.0), An Introduction, Plattform Industrie 4.0 [12] http://www.plattform-i40.de/I40/Redaktion/EN/Standardartikel/plattform.html;jsessionid=02CC9AAEEED98E390DFB1643896A10A8 [13] - Industrial Internet Consortium, Smart Factories: a Symphony of the Industrial Internet in Action [14] - The Industrial Internet of Things Volume G1 Reference Architecture [15] – Retrieved from: http://www.plattform-i40.de/I40/Navigation/EN/InPractice/International/Kooperationen/Kooperation-

IIC/kooperation-iic.html , in Nov 2017

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Industry 4.0 December 2017

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