identifying macromolecules in food lab - mrs. …stewartbio.weebly.com/uploads/5/8/3/2/58… · ppt...
TRANSCRIPT
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Bell Work
• List the 4 major macromolecules and the monomers for each
Carbohydrates = monosaccharidesProteins = amino acidsLipids = fatty acidsNucleic Acids = nucleotides
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IDENTIFYING MACROMOLECULES IN
NutrientsLAB
Mrs. StewartMrs. StewartHonors BiologyHonors Biology
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Lab Objective
Identify the presence of major nutrients such as Identify the presence of major nutrients such as simple carbohydrates (glucose), complex simple carbohydrates (glucose), complex carbohydrates (starch), protein and fat in carbohydrates (starch), protein and fat in
common foods.common foods.
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In this lab, with the use of indicators as chemical detection tools, you will analyze a variety of foods for the presence of macromolecule nutrients.
Detection is based upon observing a chemical change that takes place most often a change in color.
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What is an indicator?
• Indicators are chemical compounds used to Indicators are chemical compounds used to detect the presence of other compounds.detect the presence of other compounds.
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Test for Simple CarbohydratesBenedict’s solution
• Benedict's solution is a chemical indicator for simple sugars such as glucose: C6H12O6.
Negative: Aqua bluePositive: Red/ orange/ yellow/ green
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Benedict’s Test• The intensity of the color
change is related to the concentration of simple sugars present
• The color change is a rainbow spectrum: – Red (very positive)– Orange– Yellow– Green– Blue (Negative)
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Test for Simple CarbohydratesBenedict’s solution
• Unlike some other indicators, Benedict’s solution does not work at room temperature - it must be heated firstit must be heated first..
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QuestionWhy didn’t the test tube containing starch
change colors?
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Test for Complex CarbohydratesIodine Solution
• Detects complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides)• Iodine solution color change = blue to black
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Test for Complex CarbohydratesIodine solution
• Iodine solution is an indicator for a molecule called starch.
• Starch is a huge molecule made up of hundreds of simple sugar molecules (such as glucose) connected to each other.
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Test for Protein (amino acids)Biuret solution
• Biuret solution dark violet blue to pinkish purple
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Test for Fats (lipids)Sudan III
• If lipids are present the Sudan III will stain them reddish-orange (positive test).
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INDICATORINDICATOR MACRO-MACRO-MOLECULEMOLECULE
NEGATIVE NEGATIVE TESTTEST
POSITIVE POSITIVE TESTTEST
Benedict’s Benedict’s solutionsolution
simple simple carbohydratecarbohydrate
blueblue Green,Green, yellow, yellow, orange, orange,
brick redbrick red
Iodine Iodine solutionsolution
complex complex carbohydratecarbohydrate
dark reddark red blackblack
Biuret Biuret solutionsolution
proteinprotein blueblue violetviolet, , blackblack
Sudan IVSudan IV lipidlipid dark reddark red reddishreddish- - orangeorange
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It’s up to you to save us!
• New type of zombie emerges• They thrive by feeding on
simple sugars• Complex carbs & proteins are
deadly to them
• What will be the best food to combat this threat?– Milk, yogurt or oatmeal?
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Test Results• Milk (regular cow’s milk – whole)
Test Color
Benedict’s Solution Orange
Lugol’s Iodine Reddish/brown
Biuret’s Solution Purple
Sudan III Red throughout
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Test Results• Yogurt (regular, fat-free)
Test Color
Benedict’s Solution Red
Lugol’s Iodine Reddish-brown at bottom
Biuret’s Solution Purple
Sudan III Red layer at top only
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Test Results• Oatmeal
Test Color
Benedict’s Solution Blue
Lugol’s Iodine Dark blue/black
Biuret’s Solution Purple
Sudan III Red layer on top only