ii workshop on entrepreneurship statistics. 17-18 november 2008 system of indicators on...
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II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
System of Indicators on Competitiveness & Entrepreneurship
in Andalusia
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
Index
1. Background
2. Project
3. Theoretical Framework
4. Quality Assesment Framework
5. Indicator evaluation & selection
6. Implementation & Next Steps
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
1. Background
Planification of Public Statistics in Andalusia
1. The Statute of Autonomy of Andalusia is the basic regulation for the regional self-government. In its article 76.3 the Statute states the following “....the exclusive competence related to statistics for the Community objectives, the planification of statistics, the development, management and organization of its own statistical system corresponds to the Autonomous Comunity...”
2. The 4/1989 Law of statistics for the self-governing Community creates the Regional Institute of Statistics (IEA) and establishes that an Andalusian Statistics Plan will systemize the statistical activity exclusive to Andalusia as a compulsory framework for the development of such activity. The Law also states: “...one of the functions of the Regional Institute (IEA) will be to urge and encourage statistical research in order to increase the awareness of the social and economic situation in Andalusia.
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
Planification of Public Statistics in Andalusia
• Law 6/1993 of the 1993-1996 Plan
• Law 4/1998 of the 1998-2001 Plan
• Law 8/2002 of the 2003-2006 Plan
• Law 4/2007 of the 2007-2010 Plan
• Each Plan lasts four years
• Developed by annual statistical programmes
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
Statistical Plan of Andalusia 2007-2010
Preferential lines of action
Statistics related to:
ImmigrationInnovation and businesses
Quality of education Recent evolution of economic
indicatorsCulture
Statistical information needs
General statistical objectives
Specific statistical objectives
1. Productive structure
2. Social changes
3. Entrepreneurial network
4. Labour market
5. Information society and R+D
6. Environment and territory
7. Planification and assesment of politics and public services
Planification of Public Statistics in Andalusia
To create resource and capacity indicators that influence the
competitiveness of the businesses that shape the Andalusian entrepreneurial network
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
• Statistical projects: all activities which aim to develop the initial phase of the process leading to a statistical operation
• Statistical operations: they are the typical activities of the Statistical System. They respond to a need for information, with a suitably documented methodology (through a technical project) and they have a diffusion product associated with a fixed calendar
• Diffusion activities: all the actions of which the objectives are the design and introduction of strategies and products for the circulation of statistics
• Instrumental activities: their purpose is to develop and introduce statistical infrastructures, tools and methodologies
Types of statistical activities
Planification of Public Statistics in Andalusia
Statistical Plan of Andalusia 2007-2010
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
2. Project
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
Introduction
The System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA – (first published today in the IEA internet website) has been carried out in two phases during the last three years by the Andalusian Statistics Institute in collaboration with a group of researchers from different universities, coordinated by the Department of Economics and Statistics at the University of Huelva. The main objective of the project was to encompass the viability, content and scope of a system of regional entrepreneurial competitiveness indicators, followed by the implementation of the system as an IEA statistical operation and also the proposal of its improvement through the exploitation of existing statistics and surveys or the design of new ones.
With the current project, the IEA shares aims with a small group of pioneering institutions which are also creating systems of entrepreneurial indicators. We have to stress that this is one of the first attempts with these features both within a self-governing region and even at the regional level throughout Europe. This results in an additional challenge, since territorial disintegration of indicators implies an added obstacle.
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
Statistical Plan of Andalusia 2007-2010
Preferential lines of action
Innovación y EmpresaInnovation & businesses
Tejido empresarial andaluzEntrepreneurial network
Productivity and competitiveness
Project IEA-University of Huelva
System of indicators on Competitiveness & entrepreneurship
2005/06+
Implementation ofSICIEA & new
statistical operations2007/08
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
Objectives
• To fix the state of economic analysis on entrepreneurship• To determine information needs• To design a theoretical/conceptual framework• To identify the existing statistical information• To make an inventory of the available indicators which could potentially capture the considered dimensions• To assess the quality of the potential indicators and select those resulting from a set of minimum requirements• To summarize, configurate and implement SICIEA as an IEA statistical operation • To design strategies to cover the gaps and improve the System• To facilitate the participation of the IEA in international projects
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
Conceptual framework
Dimensions
Inventory of indicators
Assesment
Selection
Implementation
Gaps
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
Phases and outputs
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework (Background)
Facts
• Increasing demand on Entrepreneurship Statistics
• Current status of Statistics related to entrepreneurship
• No consolidated theory nor research paradigm on this topic
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework (Background)
System of indicators vs Set of indicators Statistical Information System
• Need a theoretical framework
• Identifies dimensions and aspects relevant to entreprenurship activity
• Determines avilability/deficit of indicators to measure those dimensions
• Organized & Targeted Statistical Operations
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework (Background)
Competitiveness vs entrepreneurship
• Widespread indicator systems focus on competitiveness as central/key element.
• Systems focused on entrepreneurship present its contribution to employment, competitiveness, growth or innovation level as a result or consequence from entrepreneurship interaction with other markets
• The latter system includes both perspectives, and highlighting the word entrepreneurship or competitiveness would be more a terminological issue
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework
A framework which is nourished by current studies and international ongoing experiences.
Combining academic progress and practical requirements
Based on the analysis of the Entrepreneurial factor as with other productive factors
Entrepreneurial factor market where demand and supply Entrepreneurial factor market where demand and supply matches resulting in a Entrepreneurial activity level, a matches resulting in a Entrepreneurial activity level, a specific productive structure, employment & innovation specific productive structure, employment & innovation level, economic results...level, economic results...
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework
Entrepreneurial function deals with:
• Decreasing inefficiencies in the firm.• Identifying profit opportunities continuously appearing/ rising in the market• Facing uncertainty• Innovating
Those agents developing any of the entrepreneurial Those agents developing any of the entrepreneurial functions above mentioned arefunctions above mentioned are considered considered entrepreneurial factorsentrepreneurial factors, , regardless of the success regardless of the success achieved or the link to business propertyachieved or the link to business property
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework
Demand Factors
Supply Factors
Entrepreneurial Activity
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework Demand Factors
Domestic Domestic Economic Economic
Environment & Environment & regulationregulation
Profit Opportunities
International Economic
Environment &Market
Openness
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework Demand Factors (Profit Opportunities)
Economy
Market Openness
Orientation towards foreign trade
Financial Integration
Market Regulation
Entry Barriers
Knowledge Transfer
Protection System of Innovation Rights
Regulated SectorsEconomic Environment
International
Domestic
Technology Diffusion
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework Supply Factors
Institutions Opportunity Costs
Socio & Psychological
FactorsDemographics
Enterpreneurial Human Capital
Productive Factors Mobility
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework Supply Factors (Institutions)
Regulation
Labour Market Institutions/Regulations
Financial Market Institutions
Administrative Barriers
Bankruptcy & Debts relief (Chapter 11)
Taxes on capital transfer & capital gains
Rules
Licenses
Firing procedures/Costs
Permanent contracts vs Fixed term
Subsidies
Access to finance
Legal procedures
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework Supply Factors (Entrepreneurial Human Capital)
Human Capital Cummulative Process
Voluntary Human Capital Investment/ Formal Education
Non Formal/Involuntary Human capital Investment
Externalities
Tenure/Experience
Learning by exporting
Social capital
Learning by doing
Entrepreneurial Culture
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework Supply Factors (Productive Factors Mobility)
Capital Market Labour Market
Communication
Transport
Infrastructures
Productivity
Wages & Salaries
Professional Human CapitalExternal Finance source
Credit
Financing costs
Guarantees
Stock market
Venture capital
Internal Finance source
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework Supply Factors(Psycho&Sociological Factors)
Psychological Factors
Ethnic groups/Migration
Entrepreneur social Image
Sociological Factors
Risk perception/Profile
Motivation & Attitudes
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework Supply Factors (Opportunity Costs)
Taxes & Social Security
Taxes
Social Security Contributions & Incentives
Other & Incentives
Corporate & Capital Income
Wage & Salary Income
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework Supply Factors (Demographics)
Individual
Family structure
Marital sorting by occupation
Family
Gender
Age
Ancestors
Marital Status
Size
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework Entrepreneurial Activity
Success
Stock
Results
Flow
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
3. Theoretical Framework Entrepreneurial Activity
IndividualsBusiness
Success
Stock
FlowExit/DeathsEntry/Births
GrowthSurvival
Results
Financial ResultsCompetitivenessInnovationEmployment
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
Availability level/Deficit of indicators by dimension
347 indicators
Factores de ofertaDemanda
Movilidad factores
Capital Humano
Característ. individuales
Costes e incentivos
Factores socio /
sicológicos
InstitucionesStock Flujo
Actividad Empresarial
Oportun. Bº
Output
Entorno
(33)
Regulación
(5)
Apertura
(10)
Difusión tecnológica
(19)
Stock
(10)
Capital
(6)
Trabajo
(29)
Infraestructura
(4)
Impuestos
(14)
Empresarios
(6)
Empresas
(12)
Empresarios
(2)
Éxito
Empresarios
(7)
Empresas
(8)
Inversión voluntaria
(11)
Inversión involuntaria
(18)
Característ. personales
Característ. familiares
Seguridad Social
(8)
Factores sociológicos
(4)
Factores sicológicos
(5)
Mercado de Capital
(1)
Mercado de Trabajo
(21)
Trabas administrativas
(11)
Empleo
(18)
Resultado
(55)
Competitividad
(4)
Innovación
(16)
Empresas
(10)
Supply FactorsDemandDemand
FactorsMobility
HumanCapital
Demo graphics
CostsIncenti
Psycho& SocioFactors
Institutions
Stock Flow
Actividad EmpresarialEntrepreneurial Activity
Oportun. Bº
ProfitOpport
Output
Entorno
(33)
EconEnviro.
Regulación
(5)
Regulation
Apertura
(10)
Openness
Difusión tecnológica
(19)
Tech.diffusion
Stock Capital
Labour
Infrastructure
Taxes Individual
Enterprises
Individual
Succes
Individuas
Enterprises
FormalEducation
Non form.Investment
Individual
Family Social Security
Psychology
Socio logy
CapitalMarket
LabourMarket
Admin.Barriers
Employment
Financ.Results
Competitiveness
Innovation
Enterprises
4. Quality Assesment Framework
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
4. Quality Assesment Framework
To evaluate & select systematically the most adecuate indicators to build the system, the quality assesment Framework needs to:
• be suitable for a wide range of indicators
• focus on characteristics easily measurable from available information
• evaluate key features of the system such as geographical comparability
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
Quality Assesment Framework
Criteria
Relevance Accuracy Availability
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
4. Quality Assesment Framework
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
Criteria
Relevance Accuracy Availability
Qualitative Assesment
Proxy vs Direct indicator
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
4. Quality Assesment Framework
Quality Assesment Framework
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
Criteria
Relevance Accuracy Availability
Data Collection Method
Cross Country Comparability
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
4. Quality Assesment Framework
Quality Assesment Framework
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
Criteria
Relevance Accuracy Availability
Availability across OECD countries
Availability at regional level
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
4. Quality Assesment Framework
Availability over time
Regularity
Quality Assesment Framework
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
5. Indicator evaluation & selection
Quality Assesment Report
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
Indicators selection by dimension and aspect
Factores de ofertaDemanda
Movilidad factores
Capital Humano
Característ. individuales
Costes e incentivos
Factores socio /
sicológicos
InstitucionesStock Flujo
Actividad Empresarial
Oportun. Bº
Output
Stock
(10) (6)
(29)
(4)
(14) (6)
(12)
(2)
Éxito
(7)
(8)(11)
(18)
. Social
(8)
(4)
(5)
Capital
(1)
Trabajo
(21)
Trabas
(11)
(18)
(55)
(4)
(16)(10)
Supply FactorsDemandDemand
FactorsMobility
HumanCapital
Demo graphics
CostsIncentive
Psycho& SocioFactors
Institutions
Stock Flow
Actividad EmpresarialEntrepreneurial Activity
Oportun. Bº
ProfitOpport.
Output
(33)
Econ.Enviro.
(5)
Regulation
(10)
Openness
(19)
Tech.diffusion
Stock Capital
Labour
Infra structure
Taxes Individual
Enterprises
Individual
Success
Individual
Enterprises
Formal Educ ation
Non form Invest- ment
Individual
Family Social Security
Psychology
Socio logy
CapitalMarket
Labour Market
Admin. Barriers
Employment
Financ.Results
Competitiveness
Innov ation
Enterprises
5. Indicator evaluation & selection
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
6. Implementation & Next Steps
Implementation of the system synthesis:
Entrepreneur family characteristics, family size, marital status, family relatives being enterpreneur...
Success from individuals/entrepreneurperspective
• Need to solve empty dimensions
• Design & make it accesible through internet
Flow from individuals/entrepreneurperspective
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
Indicators selection by dimension and aspect
101 indicators
Factores de ofertaDemanda
Movilidad factores
Capital Humano
Característ. individuales
Costes e incentivos
Factores socio /
sicológicos
InstitucionesStock Flujo
Actividad Empresarial
. Bº
Output
Stock
(10) (6)
(29)
(4)
(14) (6)
(12)
(2)
Éxito
(7)
(8)(11)
(18)
. Social
(8)
(4)
(5)
Capital
(1)
Trabajo
(21)
Trabas
(11)
(18)
(55)
(4)
(16)(10)
Supply FactorsDemandDemand
FactorsMobility
HumanCapital
Demographics
CostsIncentiv
Psycho& SocioFactors
Institutions
Stock Flow
Actividad EmpresarialEntrepreneurial Activity
Oportu. Bº
ProfitOpport
Output
(33)
Econ.Enviro.
(5)
Regulation
(10)
Openness
(19)
Tech.diffusion
Stock Capital
Labour
Infrastructure
Taxes Individual
Enterprises
Individual
Success
Individual
Enterprises
FormalEducation
Non formInvestment
Individual
Family Social Security
Psychology
Sociology
CapitalMarket
LabourMarket
AdminBarriers
Employment
Financ.Results
Competitiveness
Innov ation
Enterprises
6. Implementation & Next Steps
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -
II Workshop on Entrepreneurship Statistics. 17-18 November 2008
6. Implementation & Next Steps
Next Steps for an extended and improved indicatorSystem:
Enterprises stock, success & flow
Individual/ Entrepreneur profile, flow & success
• Investigate those dimmensions showing info deficits
Capital Market & Access to finance
• Work on comparability Issues
Economic Sentiment/Business Surveys
Regulation & Admin Barriers from a regional view
System of indicators on competitiveness and entrepreneurship in Andalusia – SICIEA -