١٨٩

Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Biological Sciences Series Vol. (30) No. (2) 2008

)٥/٣/٢٠٠٨ قبل للنشر في . ٢٠٠٨ / ١ / ٢تاریخ اإلیداع (

� الملّخص �

1611/PDA,MSA

PDA

209.7X105Cladosporium Aspergillus

AlternariaPenicillium Rhizopus Scopulariopsis Absidia Mucor

100AspergillusCladosporium

vuillAspergillus fumigatus

9.614.6

B1,B2,G1,G2

16 PPB/

١٩٠

Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Biological Sciences Series Vol. (30) No. (2) 2008

Detecting Contamination of Soybean Meal by Storage Fungi and Aflatoxins

Dr. Sabah Almaghribi* Dr. Mahmud Hasn**

Noha Alio***

(Received 2 / 1 / 2008. Accepted 5/3/٢٠٠٨)

� ABSTRACT �

16 species have been obtained from 11 samples of local and imported soybean meal. The isolation is on PDA, MSA media. The average number of fungal colonies is higher on PDA, where it notches 209.7x10 5 colony/g. The most important isolated species are: Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Penicillium, Rhizopus Scopulariopsis, Absidia, and Mucor. The contamination percentage of the samples concerned is 100% with Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and the most prevalent species is Aspergillus fumigatus vuill. The moisture content of samples ranges between 9.6 and 14.6% and does not show any obvious relationship with the Aflatoxins concentration. All samples are contaminated with Aflatoxins, and the highest percentage is 16 ppb. Keywords: Aflatoxins, Fungi, soybean meal.

* Professor, Department of plant protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia,

Syria ** professor, Department of plant protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia,

Syria. *** Postgraduate Student, Dep. Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia,

Syria.

Tishreen University Journal. Bio. Sciences Series ٢٠٠٨) 2(العدد ) ٣٠( العلوم البیولوجیة المجلد مجلة جامعة تشرین

١٩١

2005

100120

2005

1997

42

45

2005

Krysinska & Dutkiewicz, 2000

AspergillusFusariumPenicillium ScopulariopsisMucorRhizopus,

CladosporiumAspergillus FusariumPenicillium

Okoli et) al.,2007

Aspergillus Aspergillus fumigatus

Aspergillosis)

24482005

A. flavus A. parasiticus

Aflatoxins 2003

Oliveira et al.,2006

Bennett & Klich, 2003

Fusarium87

300Dalcero et al.,1997

Penicillium

MucorAbsidiaRhizopus

2000

١٩٢

Chelkowski (1991)

CFU1x 105Sweeney Dobson

(1998)

B1,B2,G1,G2

20062007

11

Denver4105

5

P.D.A

1990

M.S.A

Maghribi,1985 ;2000

2018030

1012 18102

101105

115

45Kacaniova,2003

25710

Tishreen University Journal. Bio. Sciences Series ٢٠٠٨) 2(العدد ) ٣٠( العلوم البیولوجیة المجلد مجلة جامعة تشرین

١٩٣

Onion et al;1981

Kacaniova,2003

Onion et al., 1981; Nelson et al., 1983

B1,B2,G1,G2

Aflatest minicolumnVicam Fluorometer

050 PPBVicam,1997

11PDAMSA

1

PDAMSA

PDA209.7X1051990

1

PDAMSA

1333.0x10 5666.0x10 5

4366.0x10 5 266.0x10 5

566.0x10 5 0.1x10 5

7 333.0x10 5 66.0x10 5

8 333.0x10 5 0.1x10 5

9 233.0x10 5 1.2x10 5

3 166.0x10 5333.0x10 5

2 0.2x10 5 133.0x10 5

6243.0x10 5 2.1x10 5

10 233.0x10 5 0.1x10 5

11 1.0x10 52.1x10 5

209.7X10 5 133.6X10 5

L.S.D5% 76.1

١٩٤

2Sweeney Dobson1998

3

Aspergillus fumigatus

37Bennett & Klich,

20032000

2

Aspergillus 11100

Penicillium 872.72

Cladosporium 11100

Mucor 654.54

Rhizopus 872.72

Absidia 872.72

Alternaria 9 81.81

Fusarium 4 36.36

Scopulariopsis 8 72.72

Cephalosporium 654.54

Nigrospora 1 9.09

Mycelia sterilia 1 9.09

Pythium1 9.09

Phytophthora1 9.09

Mortierella1 9.09

Syncephastrum1 9.09

8548.29188

1623

Aspergillus 100

Okoli et al.,2007)Aspergillus

fumigatus A. glaucus A. candidus,A. flavus

Kore, 1996Cladosporium

CladosporinEmodinDehoog et al.,2000

Tishreen University Journal. Bio. Sciences Series ٢٠٠٨) 2(العدد ) ٣٠( العلوم البیولوجیة المجلد مجلة جامعة تشرین

١٩٥

Rhizopus, Penicillium, Absidia, Scopulariopsis

Kacaniova,2003 Absidia

( Knudtson & Kirkbride,1992 Penicillium

Ochratoxins

Bennett & Klich,

2003;1991Rhizopus

ToxoflavenRhizopteren2000

Scopulariopsis

Esterella et al.,2003

Issakainen et al.,2007

Fusarium36.36

Zearalenone

Fumonisin Fusarin TrichothecenesT-

2ToxinPark et al.,1999

3

Penicillium spp. Link ex S.F.Gray

Cladosporium spp. Link ex Fries

Mucor racemosus Fresenius Mucor sp. Micheili ex Fries

Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenberg ex Fr) LinderRhizopus sp. . Ehrenberg ex Corda

Absidia ramosae(Lindt) Lendner Absidia sp.Van Tighem

Aspergillus fumigatus vuillA. flavus Link ex Fries

A. niger V.Tiegh A. candidus Link A. terreus Thom A. tamarii Kita

A. ochraceus Wilhelm A. versicolor Vuill

A. glaucus Link ex Fries A. sydowii

Mycelia sterilia Alternaria spp.Nees ex Wallroth

Pythium sp.F Fusarium moniliforme Sheldonusarium spp. Link ex Fries

Phytophthora sp.Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (Sacc)Bainier

Morterila ramanniana Moler(Linnemann)Cephalosporium sp. Link ex Fries

Syncephastrum racemosum(Con)SchroterNigrospora sp. Berk &Broome

B1,B2,G1,G2

Aflatest minicolumnVicam

Fluoromete

١٩٦

Gupta and Venki 1975

24A. flavus

4A. flavus

4

2680

10PPB

20PPB2002

4

B1,B2,G1,G2PPB

9.614.6

12(Okoli et al.,

2006)

Tishreen University Journal. Bio. Sciences Series ٢٠٠٨) 2(العدد ) ٣٠( العلوم البیولوجیة المجلد مجلة جامعة تشرین

١٩٧

1

1990599

2

1997929930

3

2003253258

4

2005

413

52000

539

6

1991179

7

2005371

8

2005283284391392

9

2680362

2002

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