ikterus hiperbilirubinemia bbl
TRANSCRIPT
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 1/27
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 2/27
Bilirubin
Production&Metabolism
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 3/27
Penyebab Ikteru
• Penyakit Hem!"itik
• Bukan Penyakit Hem!"itik –
Mekanime metab!"ime bi"irubin be"umem#urna
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 4/27
Hi#erbi"irubinemia Indirek
Kebanyakan ada"a$ ikteru %ii!"!gi
Ekk"uikan &Se#i
Hem!"ii
Penyakit metab!"ik
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 5/27
P$yi!"!gi' (aundi'e
Asian infant
Breastfed infant
Non-
breastfed
infant
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 6/27
A#a yang dimakud dengan
Ikteru %ii!"!gi )
*. Kadar bi"irubin makima" #un'ak *+ mg,d"#ada $ari ke- /*0 mg,d" #ada bayi kurangbu"an #ada $ari ke-012 n!rma"
e"ambat+nya #ada $ari ke-*3
+. Bayi dengan ASI ekk"ui4 da#at men'a#aikadar #un'ak bi"irubin "ebi$ tinggi
. Tidak ada #enyebab #at!"!gi
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 7/27
Me'$anim !4 P$yi!"!gi' (aundi'e
Increased rbc’s
Shortened rbc lifespan
Immature hepaticuptake &
conjugation
Increased enterohepaticCirculation
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 8/27
Menga#a Ikteru %ii!"!gi )
*. Peningkatan #r!duki bi"irubinakibat #eningkatan maa eritr!it
+. Uia eritr!it BBL yang #endek /53-63 $ari 7 *+3 $ari1
. Imaturita $ati
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 9/27
Ikteru Pat!"!gi
*. Ter"i$at e8ak $ari #ertamake$idu#an
+. Kadar bi"irubin meningkat "ebi$ dari320 mg,d",8am
. Kadar #un'ak bi"irubin "ebi$ dari *mg #ada B9B
:. Bi"irubin direk "ebi$ dari *20 mg,d"
0. Bi"a terda#ata anemia ,$e#at!#"en!mega"i
;. Ikteru an berta$an "ebi$ dari +
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 10/27
Penyebab Hi#erbi"irubinemiaIndirek & Hem!"itik
*. Ink!m#tabi"ita g!"!ngan dara$
+. Ke"ainan #ada erir!it &*. En<im!#ati & de=ieni >;PD
+. Membran!#ati & 4er!it!i2
!7a"!it!i. Hem!g"!bin!#ati & ta"aemia
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 11/27
Penyebab Hi#erbi"irubinemiaIndirek & Bukan Hem!"itik
*. Ikteru %ii!"!gi
+. Breat-mi"k 8aundi'e
. Perdara$ !rgan da"am:. P!"iitemia
0. Bayi dari ibu DM
;. (arang & Penyakit >i"bert2 Sindr!mK"igger-na88ar2 ten!i #i"!rii2$i#!tir!idime2 ITP
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 12/27
Breat 4eeding (aundi'e
• E"e7ated un'!n8ugated bi"irubin
•
Benign !r #at$!"!gi' – E"e7ated bi"irubin in t$e *t ?eek !4 "i4e tend t!
?!ren breat mi"k 8aundi'e during "ater ?eek
• Eui7a"ent t! tar7ati!n 8aundi'e in adu"t
• Mandate im#r!7ed,in'reaedbreat4eeding – ! ?ater !r detr!e u##"ementati!n
– %!rmu"a CK
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 13/27
Breat Mi"k (aundi'e• E"e7ated un'!n8ugated
bi"irubin• Pr!"!ngati!n !4
#$yi!"!gi' 8aundi'e – S"!?er de'reae t! adu"t
"e7e" !4 bi"irubin• ;; !4 breat4ed babie
8aundi'ed int! rd ?eek!4 "i4e
• May #erit u# t! m!nt$
– May $a7e e'!nd #eak @day *3
•
A7erage ma TSB *3-*+ mg,dL• TSB may rea'$ ++-+:
mg,dL• )Mi"k 4a't!r
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 14/27
Hi#erbi"irubinemia Direk
*. Kadar bi"irubin direk "ebi$ dari +mg,d" atau +3 dari bi"irubin t!ta"
+. Se"a"u diangga# #at!"!gi dan $arudi"a'ak #enyebabnya
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 15/27
Penyebab Hi#erbi"irubinemia Direk/Sering1
*. K!"etai $i#era"imentai
+. In4eki 9MF
. In4eki k!ngenita" #erinata" "ain/TCR9H1
:. In#iated bi"e akibat $em!"iiberke#an8angan
0. He#atiti ne!natu
;. Se#i
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 16/27
Penyebab Hi#erbi"irubinemia Direk/(arang1
*. In4ark $ati
+. Ke"ainan metab!"ik ba?aan
. %ibr!i kitik
:. Atreia bi"iar
0. Kita k!"ed!ka"
;. De=ieni a"4a-* antitri#in
5. Penyakit 'adangan beiG. Sindr!m a"agi"
6. Penyakit By"er
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 17/27
Kern-ikteru
*. Ter8adi bi"a bi"irubin indirek /beri4at t!kikter$ada# ara41 dide#!it di e"-e" !tak2terutama di e" gang"ia baa" ertamengganggu 4ungi !tak
+. Riik! tinggi 8ika bi"irubin men'a#ai +0 mg,d"
. K!ndii "ain yang meningkatkan riik! kern-
ikteru & e#i2 meningiti2 $em!"ii2 a=kia2$i#!kia2 $i#!termia2 $i#!g"ikemia2 #rematurita
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 18/27
Pen'ega$an Ikteru BBL
• Pemberian ASI /Brea-4eding1
–Semua ?anita $arudidukung untuk "aktai
–G-*+ ka"i ,$ari untukbebera#a $ari a?a"
–Bantuan dan edukai
– Tidak memberikanu#"emen #ada bayi yangtidak de$idrai
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 19/27
Deteki dini dan m!nit!r
$i#erbi"irubinemia
• Peni"aian riik! $i#erbi"irubinemiaberat
• M!nit!r etia# *+ 8am
• (angan menganda"kan #emerikaank"ini
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 20/27
Rik %a't!r 4!r Se7ereHy#erbi"irubinemia
• Ma8!r rik 4a't!r – Predi'$arge bi"i in $ig$-
rik <!ne – (aundi'e in *t +: $r – B"!!d gr!u# in'!m# ?it$
dire't antig"!bu"in tet2!t$er kn!?n $em!"yti'
dieae /eg2 >;PDde='ien'y1
– >etati!na" age 0J; ?k – Pre7i!u ib"ing re'ei7ed
#$!t!t$era#y – 9e#$a"!$emat!ma !r
igni='ant bruiing – E'"ui7e breat4eeding – Eat Aian ra'e
• Min!r rik 4a't!r
– Bi"i in $ig$ intermed-rik<!ne
– >etati!na" age 5JG ?k – (aundi'e be4!re di'$arge – Pre7i!u ib"ing ?it$
8aundi'e – Ma'r!!mia in4ant ?it$
diabeti' m!t$er – Materna" age +0 – Ma"e
• De'reaed Rik – Bi"i in "!?-rik <!ne – :* ?k getati!n – E'"ui7e b!tt"e 4eed – B"a'k ra'e –
D,' 4r!m $!#ita" 5+$r
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 21/27
Ka#an ?a#ada Kern-ikteru)
*. Letargi2 $i#!t!nia2 iritabi"ita2berkurangnya reek M!r!2 t!"eraniminum yang buruk
+. Tangian yang me"engking /$ig$-#i'$ed 'ry1
. Emei
:. Tanda "an8ut & UUB 'embung2e#it!t!nu2 #erdara$an #aru2demam2 $i#ert!niita2 #ara"ii
"irikan ke ata2 ke8ang.
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 22/27
Pen'ega$an Kern-ikteru
*. Deteki dini ikteru
+. Meng$indari kadar bi"irubin yangter"a"u tinggi
. Men'ega$ #enggunaan !bat-!batanyang mengganggu ikatan bi"irubindengan a"bumin
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 23/27
K!m#"ikai Kern-ikteru
*. %ata"
+. S#atiita /9P1
. Tu"i ara4 :. Retardai menta"
0. K!rea atet!id
;. Ke"ainan gigi
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 24/27
%CTCTERAPI
*. Terbukti e4ekti4 menurunkan kadarbi"irubin indirek
+. Indikai dieuaikan dengan uia2 kadar
bi"irubin dan getai bayi. Menguba$ bi"irubin men8adi i!mer yang
"arut da"am air dan muda$ diekkreitan#a $aru me"e?ati item k!n8ugai
$ati
:. E4ek am#ing & de$idrai2 diare2 ruam ku"it2#!teni keruakan retina
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 25/27Co ri ht ©2004 American Academ of Pediatrics
Subcommittee on Hyperbilirubinemia, Pediatrics 2004;114:297-31
!omo"ram #or desi"nation o# ris$ in 2%40 &ell ne&borns at 3 or more &ee$s'
"estational a"e &it( birt( &ei"(t o# 2000 " or more or 3) or more &ee$s' "estational
a"e and birt( &ei"(t o# 2)00 " or more based on t(e (our-speci#ic serum bilirubin
*alues
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 26/27Co ri ht ©2004 American Academ of Pediatrics
Subcommittee on Hyperbilirubinemia, Pediatrics 2004;114:297-31
+uidelines #or p(otot(erapy in (ospitalied in#ants o# 3) or more &ee$s' "estation
7/23/2019 Ikterus Hiperbilirubinemia BBL
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ikterus-hiperbilirubinemia-bbl 27/27