Image Link: Family Tree of the Early Carolingians:

<http://www.friesian.com/history/carolig1.gif>

Keep this handy!

Map Link: Growth of Frankish Power:

<http://www.shadowedrealm.com/lib/images/medieval/maps/map067.jpg>

Charles (Charlemagne, r. 768-814)

Carloman (r. 768-71)

Charlemagne’s wars of expansion

Charlemagne’s dealings with family

769 Completion of conquest of Aquitaine

Bertrada arranges marriage alliancebetween Charlemagne andDesiderata, daughter of Desideriusof Lombardy

771 Death of Carloman. Charlemagnerepudiates Desiderata, marries Hildegardof Alemannia. Carloman’s wife Gerbergaand children flee to Desiderius

773-4 Conquest of Lombard Kingdom. End ofCarloman’s line

781 Coronation of Carloman/Pippin as King ofLombards (r. 781-810) and Louis I (thePious) as King of Aquitaine (r. 781-840)

786-87 Conquest of S. Italy

792 Revolt of Pippin the Hunchback (d. 811)

Map Link: The Frankish Empire:

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Frankish_Empire_481_to_814-en.svg/792px-Frankish_Empire_481_to_814-en.svg.png>

Image Link: Carolingian Family Tree:

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/France-1stCarolingians.png>

757 Tassilo III of Bavaria swears loyalty toPippin III and sons

781 Start of breakdown of relations betweenTassilo and Charlemagne

787 Charlemagne attacks Bavaria. Tassilosubmits to Charlemagne but then appealsto Avars of Danube

788 Avars defeated. Tassilo deposed

788 Tassilo deposed

791-96 Conquest of Avars

Tassilo as grandson of Charles Martel,and thus cousin of Charlemagne

Again combining military expansionwith family politics?

778 Expedition into Muslim Spain

Basques Chanson de Roland(Song of Roland)

772-85 Conquest and conversion of Saxony

772 Destruction of Irminsul

776 First forced baptism of Saxons

777 Assembly at Paderborn

778-85 Rebellion of Widukind

793-97 Rebellions and pacification of Saxons

799 and 804 Deportations of Saxons

Wars of conquest and conversion: Saxons,Avars

Capitulary for Saxony, 775-90

Holy War?

Character of Charlemagne?

Religion as tool?