imagine nano 2013-1
DESCRIPTION
Electrically conductive polypropylene fibersTRANSCRIPT
DC-Reactive Magnetron Sputtering_tech
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Electrically conductive polypropylene fibers
DC-Reactive Magnetron Sputtering_tech
He2Sock
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He2SockElectrically conductive polypropylenene fibers
ImagineNano 2013 Bilbao April 23rd 2013
DC-Reactive Magnetron Sputtering_tech Cold weather warfare
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ImagineNano 2013 Bilbao April 23rd 2013
DC-Reactive Magnetron Sputtering_tech Current cold weather warfare
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Operating in multiple cold weather climates such as in Afghanistan
In the last 70 yearsEvolution in ergonomics and materials
DC-Reactive Magnetron Sputtering_techThermal protection
Passive thermal management (up to -40 °C)
Multi-layering systems
ECWCS: (up to -51 °C)
(Generation III ExtendedCold WeatherClothing)
PCU: US Special forces (up to -43 °C)
(Protective Combact Uniform)
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Active thermal management (below -40 °C)
MCPS: Aviator and aircrew protection
(Multi-Climate protection System)
(Protective Combact Uniform)
Electrical Resistive Heating
(C Thwaites, W. L. Gore et al, Cold weather clothing , Military textiles 2008, page 178)
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ECWCS: (up to -51 °C)
(Generation III ExtendedCold WeatherClothing)
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http://www.drum.army.mil/mountaineer/Article.aspx?ID=2008
http://www.nationalguard.mil/news/archives/2006/12/121406-weather_gear.aspx
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When the body starts to feel cold, the blood flow of the extremeties is reducedto keep te core temperature (vital organs) protected.
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Electrical Resistive Heating: Footwear, gloves and headgear
-Investigated since WW2, especially for aircrew (Siple 1949). Research has continued since them (House et al 2003)
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- There is no insulated glove that keep hands warm when sitting at – 40 ºC formore than about 2 hours. Heating is the only solution to achieve longer duration. (Eugene Wilusz, Military textiles 2008)
-Control and thermoregulation must be well managed. Overheating the feet can upset the thermoregulation of the whole body. (Burton 1963)
WW2 RAF heated inner boots and gloves Department of Defense of India
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http://www.hammacher.com/publish/71850.asp?promo=apparel
http://www.diytrade.com/china/pd/2805033/Heated_Sock.html
http://healiohealth.com/products/index/2621
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New flexible, light weight and high conductive materials needed
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He2Sock Leadera: Development of new heating, healing textiles
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MATERIALS
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Development of electrically conductive fibers
Metallic fibers: Expensive, more brittle and heavier than most textilefibers, making it difficult to produce homogenous blends and also they cansuffer galvanic corrosion.
Non-metallic conductive coatings : Can suffer from delamination which
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Non-metallic conductive coatings : Can suffer from delamination whichclearly affects the electrical conductivity.
Intrinsically conductive fibers have a major advantage compare with theconductive fibers based on coated yarns because the former can not sufferfrom delamination,
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MATERIALS
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Development of electrically conductive polypropylen e MWCNT fibers and tapes:
PP, and TPU composites based with electrical conductivities of up to:
- 50 S/m (8% wt MWCNT)
- 2000 S/m (40% wt MWCNT)
- Percolation and thresholds at 0.5% wt.
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Extensive characterization:SEM, XRD, MFI, DSC, etc
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New compounding method assisted by ultrasonication:
Combining our know how in nanodipersions withspray dryer techniques can reduce the process costto 0.04 €/g
Already scaled up to Kg/batch
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CompositeprocessPristine CNT
SolidNanocomposite
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Nanocomposite(powder)
4 times streched
6 times streched
Fiber Spinning
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110 (α)
040(α)
130(α) 111(α)
CNT-PP composites tapes (6 times streched)
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CNT allignement by SEM.
20 30 40 50
2 Φ
060(α)220(α)
Polymer chains alignment by XRD.
Mechanical test for fiber reinforcement are ongoing. Improved compositefibers compatible with other materials such as UHMWPE
DC-Reactive Magnetron Sputtering_tech
The lack of a 3D interconnected conductive network can also explain thedecrease in the electrical conductivity of these composites in tapes 6 timesstretched compared to the 4 times stretched tapes or disks.
MWCNT(% wt )
Conductivity (S/m)(disk)
Conductivity (S/m)
(tape x4 streched)
Conductivity (S/m)
(tape x6 streched)
Table 1
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streched) streched)
5 20 10 -8 70 50 -
4 times stretched is enough for fiber spinning
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New materials willrepresent:
FlexibleLightweightNon corrosion
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Future developments of our materials. Other matrices are envisaged:
High conductive thermoplastic fibers
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Thermoplastic
conducting
materials
IR absorbant materialImproved mechanical properties
Alternative to Ghost® from Texplorer(metalized material)
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Thank you for your attention
Asociación de la Industria NavarraNavarra (Spain)
MATERIALS
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Francisco Martín, PhDR&D Department