CITIZENS AGAINST BURNING OF TIRES

• BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY• BOTTOM LINE• HIGH PRICED FOSSIL FUELS• REDUCE COSTS/INCREASE PROFITS

WHY BURN TIRES?

Resource Recovery Board of Nova Scotia

Resource Recovery Fund Board

Organized as a government sponsored non profit Corporation

Tire Recycling Program is Sustained by Environmental Fee

Atlantic Recycled Rubber

Tire Sourcing Proposals Are For Recycling & Burning

• RRFB/Atlantic Recycled Rubber/Contract Has Ended

• Three Proposals For Tires Being Reviewed by RRFB/Government

- Lafarge (for tire burning) - Ontario Tire Recovery (for recycling) - Royal Mat (for recycling) • Citizens Concerned About Environmental

and Health Hazards

What’s In A Tire?• Natural and Synthetic Rubber

Contain Styrene and Butadiene

• Up to 17 different Heavy MetalsLead, zinc, cadmium, chromium and more

• Benzene Based Extender Oils Other Petrochemicals

• Carbon Black• Chlorine

Source: Dr. Seymour Schwartz, U. of California (at Davis) Professor of Environmental Science and Policy. Author of Domestic Markets for California’s Used and Waste Tires, 1998.

“Incineration of Tires in a Cement Kiln Releases Hazardous Emissions of

Toxic Ingredients”

Source: California Integrated Waste Management Board. Tires as a Fuel Supplement Feasibility Study, Sacramento, CA 1992

TIRES + FIRES = TOXIC EMISSIONS

Lead

Dioxins

Chromium

Mercury

JUST BECAUSE YOU CAN’T SEE IT, DOESN’T MEAN IT’S NOT THERE…

Constituent Emission Increase (Range) No. of Tests Decrease (Range) No. of Tests Dioxins & Furans + 53% to + 100% 4 Nil Not Applic. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) + 296% to + 2,230% 3 - 68% 1 Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) + < 10% 1 - 22% 2 Sulfur oxides (SOx) + 7.5% 1 - 45% /- 90%; 2 Lead + 59%,+ 388%,+ 475% 3 - 94% 1

Hexavalent Chromium + 727% 1 - 36%/- 87% 2

Test Results At 4 California Cement Kilns Burning Up to 20 % Tires Compared to Coal Only

Note: Two tests took place at one kiln. As well, not all pollutant types were reported for all tests. The tests took place at California Portland Cement (1995), Carnot (1996), RMC Lonestar (1992); Bateman (1996).

Source: Dr. Seymour Schwartz, U. of California (at Davis) Professor of Environmental Science and Policy. Domestic Markets for California’s Used and Waste Tires, 1998.

Emission Rates and Changes For 12 Toxic Pollutants at Lonestar Cement, Davis, CA (April 17-18, 1990 and Dec. 4-7, 1990), Burning Coal Only and Coal

Plus 20 % Tires.

Emission Rate (lbs/hr) Compound Coal Only (Baseline) Coal +Tires %change Benzene 9.0E-02 4.03E-01 + 348 % Dioxins/furans 4.4E-09 5.50E-09 + 25 % Formaldehyde 11.8E+00 5.07E-01 - 96 % PCB 9.0E-06 2.88E-04 + 3,100 % Anthracene 3.3E-06 7.56E-05 + 2,191 % Benzo(a)anthracene 6.2E-06 3.65E-05 + 489 % Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene 4.3E-07 1.22E-04 +28,272 % Fluoranthene 1.6E-05 5.36E-05 + 235 % Cadmium 1.7E-03 1.25E-04 - 93 % Chromium (hexavalent) 5.5E-06 6.31E-05 + 1,047 % Lead 1.1E-03 5.27E-03 + 379 % Mercury 2.1E-01 1.06E-06 - 99+%

Source: Dr. Seymour Schwartz, Domestic Markets For California’s Used and Waste Tires. Professor of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California (Davis), 1998.

“My examination of test burns in California confirms Dr. Neil Carman’s data and leads me to conclude that the claim that ‘TDF emissions are not a problem’ is a policy judgment that cannot be supported on rigorous scientific grounds.”

Source: Dr. Seymour Schwartz, Domestic Markets for California’s Used and Waste Tires ( Professor of Environmental Science and Policy. University of California at Davis), 1998.

Chlorine Content In Tires

• Halogenated Butyl Rubber Liners

• Butyl Rubber + Chlorine Air Impermeability (for tire inflation)

• Burning Chlorine Dioxin Emissions

• Chlorine Content of Tires Is 2 – 5 Times Greater Than That of Coal

Source: CIWMB, “Tires As a Fuel Supplement Feasibility Study” 1992; p. 69

TIRES CONTAIN CHLORINE

DIOXINS CAUSE CANCER

CHLORINE + KILN HEAT= DIOXINS

Lafarge Cement St.Constant Quebec

Lafarge Cement Saint-Constant, Quebec

Huge Increases From 2000-2004 in Emissions Of

Cadmium(3,064%) Copper (3,441%)

Chromuim (609%) Lead (141%)

Maganese (1,915%) Nickel (1,028%)

Zinc (1,139%) Sulphur Dioxide(145%)

Particulate Matter (122%)

Source: National Pollution Release Inventory, Environment Canada

Source: Environment Canada’s National Pollutant Release Inventory

SELECTED POLLUTANT EMISSIONS LAFARGE SAINT-CONSTANT

Dioxins & Furans 0.858 g (TEQ) 0.885 g (TEQ)

Hexachlorobenzene 138.80 grams 141.48 grams

Arsenic 17.22 kg. 57.19 kg.

2004 2005YEAR

(Source: Environment Canada, National Pollutant Release Inventory)

THE 3 R’S - REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE

BURNING TIRES DOES NOT

FIT!