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IMPEL REVIEW INITIATIVE (IRI)

“A voluntary scheme for reporting and offering advice

To environmental authorities”

R e p o r t o n t h e I R I t h a t t o o k p l a c e i n A n k a r a , T u r k e y ,

4 - 8 A p r i l 2 0 1 6

Datereport:November2016

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Titlereport:

IRITurkey

Numberreport:

2016/22.01

Projectmanagers:

SenayAslanandTerryShears

ReportadoptedatIMPELGeneralAssembly:

1-2December2016,Bratislava(Slovakia)

Author:

NancyIsarinandElenStrale

Numberofpages:55

Report:42

Annexes:13

Projectteam:

TerryShears,HorstBuether,ChrisDijkens,FabioCarella,MarinusJordaan,ChristianDeladrière,ElenStrale,NancyIsarin.

Executivesummary:

TheTurkey IRI tookplace inAnkaraon5-8April 2016andwashostedby theDirectorateGeneral of EIA,PermittingandInspectionintheTurkishMinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation.Thereviewalsoincludedasitevisittoasodaashplant.

Although Turkey is not an EUMember State, it implements most parts of the EU environmental acquiscommunautaire. Asagreedat thepre-meeting, the IRI focussedonpermitting,planningandexecutionofinspections,reporting,performancemonitoringandSeveso.

Overall, the IRI Team (consisting of representatives from Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, theUnitedKingdom)feltthatTurkeyhadanimpressiveframeworkforenvironmentalregulation.

OnekeyareawhichTurkeywassuggestedtolookatiscommunicationwiththepublicasthatmighthelptoreducecomplaints.Thepermittingprocessisgoodandtheymakegooduseofonlinepermits:theyhaveaTemporaryOperatingConsentwhichhelpsincreasethenumberofpermittedfacilitiesinTurkey.

ItwasseenasgoodpracticethatinspectorswereabletodraftinspectionreportsonsitethroughuseoftheE-inspectionsystemandinspectionfrequencieswereguidedbytheuseofriskassessments.Workingmorecloselywithotherpubliclawenforcementbodiescouldhelpenhancetheriskprofileofoperators.

Disclaimer:

ThisreportistheresultofaprojectwithintheIMPELnetwork.Thecontentdoesnotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewofthenationaladministrations.

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IntroductiontoIMPEL

The EuropeanUnionNetwork for the Implementation and Enforcement of EnvironmentalLaw (IMPEL) is an international non-profit association of the environmental authorities oftheEUMember States, accedingand candidate countriesof theEuropeanUnionandEEAcountries.TheassociationisregisteredinBelgiumanditslegalseatisinBrussels,Belgium.

IMPELwas set up in 1992 as an informalNetworkof European regulators and authoritiesconcernedwiththeimplementationandenforcementofenvironmentallaw.TheNetwork’sobjectiveistocreatethenecessaryimpetusintheEuropeanCommunitytomakeprogressonensuringamoreeffectiveapplicationofenvironmentallegislation.ThecoreoftheIMPELactivities concerns awareness raising, capacity building and exchange of information andexperienceson implementation,enforcementand internationalenforcementcollaborationas well as promoting and supporting the practicability and enforceability of Europeanenvironmentallegislation.

During the previous years, IMPEL has developed into a considerable, widely knownorganisation,beingmentionedinanumberofEUlegislativeandpolicydocuments,e.g.the7th Environment Action Programme and the Recommendation on Minimum Criteria forEnvironmentalInspections.

Theexpertiseandexperienceof theparticipantswithin IMPELmakethenetworkuniquelyqualifiedtoworkonbothtechnicalandregulatoryaspectsofEUenvironmentallegislation.

InformationontheIMPELNetworkisalsoavailablethroughitswebsiteat:www.impel.eu.

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REPORTSTRUCTURE

1. INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................8

1.1 THEIRISCHEME.............................................................................................................................8

1.2 PURPOSEOFTHEIRI........................................................................................................................8

1.3 SCOPEOFTHEIRIINTURKEY.............................................................................................................8

1.4 STRUCTURE...................................................................................................................................9

2. MAINFINDINGS.....................................................................................................................11

2.1. PARTA–DEFININGTHEREGULATORYFRAMEWORKOFENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONINTHEIMPELMEMBERCOUNTRY.................................................................................................................................11

2.1.1. Generalinformation.......................................................................................................11

2.1.2. Administrativedivision...................................................................................................12

2.1.3. Historyofenvironmentaladministration.......................................................................12

2.1.4. Turkishenvironmentallegislation..................................................................................16

2.1.5. Externalinteractions......................................................................................................19

2.2. PARTB–PERMITTINGACTIVITIES................................................................................................20

2.2.1. ENVIRONMENTALIMPACTASSESSMENTS......................................................................................20

2.2.2. PERMITSANDLICENCES.............................................................................................................23

2.3. PARTC–PERFORMINGINSPECTIONTASKS(ENVIRONMENTALINSPECTIONCYCLE)................................26

2.3.1. PLANNINGOFINSPECTIONS........................................................................................................26

2.3.2. EXECUTIONFRAMEWORK...........................................................................................................32

2.3.3. EXECUTIONANDREPORTING......................................................................................................35

2.3.4. PERFORMANCEMONITORING.....................................................................................................37

2.4. PARTD–MEETINGWITHBUSINESSREPRESENTATIVES....................................................................38

3. CONCLUSIONS.......................................................................................................................39

3.1. SUMMARYOFFINDINGS............................................................................................................39

3.2. CONCLUSIONS.........................................................................................................................39

3.3. OPPORTUNITIESFORDEVELOPMENT............................................................................................40

3.4. LESSONSLEARNTFROMIRIPROCESS............................................................................................42

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ANNEX1TERMSOFREFERENCESFORIMPELPROJECT....................................................................43

ANNEX2NOTESFROMTHEPRE-MEETING......................................................................................51

ANNEX3DRAFTAGENDAIRIMEETING...........................................................................................53

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1. Introduction

1.1 TheIRISchemeThe IRI scheme is a voluntary scheme providing for informal reviews of environmentalauthorities in IMPEL Member countries. It was set up to implement the EuropeanParliamentandCouncilRecommendation(2001/331/EC)providingforminimumcriteriaforenvironmentalinspections(RMCEI),whereitstates:

“Member States should assist each other administratively in operating thisRecommendation. The establishment by Member States in cooperation with IMPEL ofreportingandadviceschemesrelatingtoinspectoratesandinspectionprocedureswouldhelptopromotebestpracticeacrosstheCommunity.”

1.2 PurposeoftheIRITheaimsoftheIRIareto:

§ provide advice to environmental authorities seeking an external review of theirstructure,operationorperformancebyexpertsfromotherIMPELmembercountriesforthepurposeofbenchmarkingandcontinuousimprovementoftheirorganisation

§ encouragecapacitybuildinginenvironmentalauthoritiesinIMPELmembercountries

§ encouragetheexchangeofexperienceandcollaborationbetweentheseauthoritiesoncommonissuesandproblems

§ spread good practice leading to improved quality of the work of environmentalauthorities and contributing to continuous improvement of quality and consistency ofapplication of environmental law across IMPEL member countries (˝the level playingfield˝).

The IRI is an informal review, not an audit process. The IRI is intended to enable theenvironmentalauthorityandreviewteamtoexplorehowtheauthoritycarriesoutitstasks.Itaimsatidentifyingareasofgoodpracticefordisseminationtogetherwithopportunitiestodevelop existing practice within the authority and authorities in other IMPEL membercountries.

1.3 ScopeoftheIRIinTurkeyTheIRIusesaquestionnairetoreviewtheenvironmentalauthorityagainsttherequirementsof the RMCEI. The IMPEL ˝Doing the Right Things˝ Guidance Book for planning ofenvironmental inspections has been used to help structure the questionnaire and thereview. TheGuidanceBookwasdeveloped to support Inspectorates in implementing theRMCEIanddescribesthedifferentstepsoftheEnvironmental InspectionCyclepursuanttotheRMCEI.

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During the pre-meeting, itwas agreed that the scope of the IRIwould be on the existingenvironmental legislation and implementation thereof; this would include permitting,planning andexecutionof inspections, reporting, performancemonitoring and the SevesoDirective.TurkeyhastransposedsomeofthearticlesofRMCEIintoTurkishlegislation,butforexamplenottheIndustrialEmissionsDirective(IED).

1.4 StructureApre-reviewmeetingwasheldinAnkarainSeptember2015wheretheprogrammeandthescopeforthereviewwerediscussed.ThemeetingwasattendedbytheTeamLeader(TerryShears),Rapporteur(ElenStrale),andthehosts.

ThereviewitselftookplaceinAnkaraattheMinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisationon5-8 April 2016. The Review was structured according to the revised IRI questionnairedeveloped by the IRI review project during 2009. The IRI Review team consisted ofrepresentativesfromthefollowingIMPELmembercountries.

TeamLeader:

• TerryShears(volunteerconsultant)

Rapporteurs:

• ElenStrale(EnvironmentAgencyEngland–UK)• NancyIsarin(SSEConsultant–ECRANNetwork)

Reviewers:

• ChrisDijkens(IMPELvicechair,theNetherlands)• ChristianDeladrière(Walloonregion,Belgium) • MarinusJordaan(DCMR,theNetherlands)• FabioCarella(ARPALombardia,Italy)• HorstBuether(PollutionControlRegionalGovernmentCologne,Germany)

Hosts:

• Projectleader:SenayAslan(MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation,Turkey)• NationalIMPELCoordinator:PinarTopkaya(MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation,

Turkey)

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Photo1:Reviewteamandhosts

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2. MainFindings

2.1. PartA–DefiningtheregulatoryframeworkofenvironmentalprotectionintheIMPELmembercountry.

OBJECTIVE

To find out about the organisation of the environmental authority, the relevant legislation it

complies with and relationships with the public, operators, government and other countries.

2.1.1. Generalinformation

Turkey straddles the borders of Europe and Asia with the majority of the country insouthwest Asia. It has a total area of 780,580 km2 and the population was 74.7 millionpeoplein2011.ThecountryisborderedintheeastbyGeorgia,ArmeniaandIranwithIraq,SyriaandtheMediterraneanSeatothesouth.TheAegeanSea,GreeceandBulgariaaretothewest,andtheBlackSeaformsthenorthernborder.

TheBosphorus,theSeaofMarmara,andtheDardanellesdemarcatetheboundarybetweenThraceandAnatolia;theyalsoseparateEuropeandAsia.ThecoastlineofTurkey(excludingislands)is8333km.Turkeyisaparliamentaryrepresentativedemocracy.

Turkey's constitution governs the legal framework of the country. It sets out the mainprinciplesofgovernmentandestablishesTurkeyasaunitarycentralisedstate.ThePresidentoftheRepublicistheheadofstateelectedforafive-yeartermbydirectelections.

ExecutivepowerisexercisedbythePrimeMinisterandtheCouncilofMinisterswhichmakeupthegovernment,whilethelegislativepowerisvestedintheunicameralparliament,theGrandNationalAssemblyofTurkey.

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TurkeyisamemberoftheUN,NATO,OECD,OSCE,OICandtheG-20.

In linewith its traditionalWestern orientation, relationswith Europe have always been acentral part of Turkish foreign policy. Turkey became one of the first members of theCouncilofEuropein1949,appliedforassociatemembershipoftheEEC(predecessoroftheEuropean Union) in 1959 and became an associate member in 1963. After decades ofpolitical negotiations, Turkey applied for fullmembership of the EEC in 1987, became anassociatememberoftheWesternEuropeanUnionin1992,joinedtheEUCustomsUnionin1995 and has been in formal accession negotiations with the EU since 2005. Today, EUmembershipisconsideredasastatepolicyandastrategictargetbyTurkey.

2.1.2. Administrativedivision

TheGovernmentof theRepublic of Turkey is answerable to a unicameral parliament (theGrandNational Assembly) elected on a four-year cycle.Ministers appointed by the PrimeMinisteraredrawnfromtheAssemblymembership.

The81provincialadministrations,eachwithaGovernoradvisedbyanominatedProvincialCouncil,representthedecentralizedorgansofStatepublicservicesandauthority.Theyareorganisedforadministrativepurposesintothreelevels:province,countyanddistrict–eachwith an administrative head and an advisory council. Governors are nominated by theMinistryofInternalAffairsandappointedbytheGovernment.

Ministries prepare policy and legislation and have a strong executive role at central andprovincial level. Provincial directors representing ministries are answerable to theGovernorsbutresponsibletotheMinisterfortheexecutionofsectoralpolicy.

Turkeyisalsosubdividedinto7regionsand21sub-regionsforgeographic,demographicandeconomicpurposes;thisdoesnotrefertoanadministrativedivision.

2.1.3. Historyofenvironmentaladministration1973-EnvironmentalProblemsCoordinationCommitteeundertheheadofMinistryofEnergyandNaturalResources

1978-PrimeMinistryEnvironmentalOrganisation

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1983-PublishingofEnvironmentalLaw-NationalEnvironmentalCommittee-LocalEnvironmentalCommitteeinProvinces

1984-DirectorateGeneralofEnvironment

1989-PermanentUndersecretaryshipofEnvironment

1991-MinistryofEnvironment/ProvincialDirectoratefor31provinces

2003-MinistryofEnvironmentandForest

2011-MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation

MINISTRYOFENVIRONMENTANDURBANIZATION

MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation isresponsiblefortheenvironment,publicworksandurbanplanninginTurkey.Theorganisationchartisbelow:

TheenvironmentalissuesarecarriedoutmainlybytwoGeneralDirectorates.

DGEnvironmentalManagement

The preparation and development of environmental legislation, defining dischargestandards, monitoring and analysis norms, preparation and implementation of strategiesand action plans on climate change and the ozone layer etc. are covered by DirectorateGeneralofEnvironmentalManagement.

DGEnvironmentalImpactAssessment,PermitandInspection

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Directorate General of Environmental Impact Assessment, Permit and Inspection isresponsibleforexecutionofenvironmentallegislationsuchascarryingoutEIAissues,permitwriting and licensing and environmental inspection and strategy development at thenationallevelandforlargescaleoffacilities(forEIAandpermitting)inprinciple.

ProvincialEnvironmentDirectorates

TheProvincialDirectorates(PDs)wereestablishedin2001andareatpresentorganisedintofourunits:EnvironmentalManagement,EIA,Permitting,andInspection. Insomeprovincestheseunitsarecombined.

TheyareadministrativelypartofGovernoradministrationsalthoughthestaffisemployedbythe MoEU. It is important to note for example that, in formal terms, the relations of aprovincial inspectiondepartmentarenotwiththecentral inspectoratebutviatheDirectoroftheProvincialAdministrationthroughtheGovernor’sofficewiththeMinister.Whilethiswouldseemtosetupconflicts,morepragmaticworkingrelationshipsseemnormallytobeinplace.ThePDsareresponsibleforimplementingenvironmentallawand90%oftheirworkcomesfromdutiesassignedbytheMoEU.

DGSpatialPlanning

This unit is responsible for - upper scale spatial planning system, sustainable urbandevelopment, urban transformations, structuring establishments sensitive to disasters,projects about rural establishments, development of coastal areas, providing technicalassistanceandguidancetolocalauthorities.

DGforProtectionofNaturalAssets

This unit manages, inter alia, 14 special protection zones fulfilling an obligation of theMediterraneanActionPlanundertheBarcelonaConvention.Certainoftheseareasoverlapwith protected areas under the responsibility ofMFWA or of theMinistry of Culture andTourism(forhistoricalandculturalsites).

TheInstitutionisresponsiblefordrawingupmanagementplansfortheareasandforissuingdevelopment permissions within them, which calls for close collaboration withmunicipalities,generallyresponsibleforconstructionpermits.

MINISTRYOFFORESTRYANDWATERAFFAIRS

In 2011 the Ministry of Environment and Forestry was reorganised and the MoEU andMFWAwerefounded.TheMoEUisresponsibleforwastewatermanagement,monitoringofwastewater treatment facilities, wastewater planning, inspection, and controlling formitigatingwaterpollution.

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The MFWA is responsible for river basin management, protection of water resources,planning and usage of water, and determining andmonitoring of water quality. The EUharmonisationprocessinthewatersectorismainlycoordinatedbyMFWA,withsupportofMoEU. The reorganisation of the water sector within the MFWA has been designedaccordingtotherequirementsoftheWaterFrameworkDirective.

TheDGforWaterManagementisresponsibleforpoliciesaimedatpreservingandimprovingwater resources and for coordinatingwatermanagement on a national and internationalbasis, taking into account human needs. It is also responsible for preparing river basinmanagement plans and the necessary legislation, and for implementation of pollutionpreventionontheriverbasinbasis,aswellassupervisionofwaterqualitymonitoring,floodmanagement, and the building and maintenance of the international water databaseinformationsystem.

Turkeyhasnotestablished riverbasinmanagementauthorities. Actionplansareadoptedonariverbasinbasis,however.

TheStateHydraulicWorks

SHW is responsible for the development and use of water resources, implementingeconomicallyfeasibleprojectsforhydropower,irrigation(currentlysome70%ofwateruse),domesticandindustrialuses(some15%each).Itsactivityisgenerallylimitedtothedesignandrealisationofthemaininfrastructure(dams,principalcanalsorsupplylines),afterwhichtheinfrastructureismanagedbytheirrigationorwatersupplybody.

TheDirectorate isalso responsible formanagingsurfacegroundwater resourcesandhasasystem of abstraction permits and inspections, including some hydrologicalmeasurementpointsbutmostlywaterquality.

MINISTRYOFHEALTH

Conflictswithenvironmental lawwereeliminated in the2006amendmentsof theLawonEnvironment clarifying the respective permitting and inspection responsibilities of MoEUandtheMinistryofHealth.Today,theprincipalenvironmentacquis-relatedactivitiesoftheministryare theprotectionofdrinkingandbathingwaterquality incollaborationwith theMarineandCoastalManagementDepartmentoftheMoEU.

MINISTRYOFFOOD,AGRICULTUREANDANIMALHUSBANDRY

Thedirectacquis-relatedremitoftheMinistryincludestheimplementationofthefishandshellfish water directives, the nitrates directive and participation in the eventualimplementationoftheIPPCdirective.Itsroleingeneralenvironmentalmanagementisalsosignificant.Itsdevelopmentplansaimtopromotelandmanagementandgoodagriculturalpractices including erosion control and forest and biodiversity protection, in collaborationwithMoEUandMFWA.

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PUBLICBODIESWITHENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENTRESPONSIBILITIES

CoastGuardCommand

The Coast Guard Command has been delegated by the MoEU for the control of vesselsourced marine pollution. Boat Commands are authorised to enforce administrativesanctionswithinthescopeofEnvironmentLawno.2872andrelevantbylawsinauthorisedmarineareas.

Municipalities

Thecoreresponsibilitiesofmunicipalitiesareplanning;developmentcontrolandpromotion;andtheprovisionofservicestothepopulation,includingsolidwaste,water,sewerageandtransport.

Certain municipalities are designated as Metropolitan Municipalities. The MetropolitanMunicipalitiesof Istanbul, Kocaeli,MersinandAntalyaaredelegatedbyMoEU to conductadministrative enforcement actions against those who are in violation of prohibitions,standards and responsibilities identified in the Environment Law and relevant by-laws forthepurposeofcontrollingvesselsourcedmarinepollutioninmarineareaswhicharedefinedbytheMoEU.

Municipalities generate their own revenues from usage fees and penalties that remain intheir budgets and they are regulated inwhat they canusepublic funds for in accordancewiththeMunicipalitiesLaw.

2.1.4. Turkishenvironmentallegislation

The twoprincipal environmental provisions of the Turkish Constitutionof 1982 as revisedprovidethat:

“Everyonehastherighttoliveinahealthyandbalancedenvironment”addingthat“Itisthedutyofthestateandcitizenstoimprovethenaturalenvironmentandtopreventpollution”(Article56);

“Thestateshallensuretheconservationofhistorical,culturalandnaturalassetsandwealthandshalltakesupportiveandpromotionalmeasurestothatend”(Article63).

TheConstitutionrequirestheseandallotherpoliciestobemanagedthroughlaws.Thelawspecifyingtheproceduresforpreparingandimplementing legislationstatesthatsubsidiarylegislationwhichmaybenecessarytobringlawsintofulloperationmustbementionedbythem.

Theframeworkforenvironmentalprotectionistheenvironmentallawof1983,substantiallyamendedin2006.Thislawenablestheadoptionofsubstantialpartsoftheacquisthrough

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subsidiarylegislation.Theprincipalareaswherenosubsidiarylegislationiscalledforarethefinancial provisions, including fees and fines of all forms detailed in the new law andincludingrevisionclausestakinginflationintoaccount.

Therearemorethan50By-lawsundertheEnvironmentalLawregardingwater,air,marine,soil pollution, waste and chemical management, climate change, EIA, permits andinspections,laboratoriesandmonitoringetc.

Projects have been carried out to transpose EU Environmental Legislation and to adaptimplementation structures for it. Chapter 27 of the EU Acquis Communautaire, on theenvironment,wasopenedinDecember2009.Theworkfortranspositionisstillinprogress.

Sector Principalministry Otherimportantbodies

Horizontal MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (for transboundaryissues),municipalities

Air MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation

Ministry of Health,Ministry of Labour and SocialSecurity, municipalities, State MeteorologicalService

Waste MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation

Ministry of Health, Ministry of Food, Agricultureand Animal Husbandry (sewage sludge),municipalities, industrial estate managementbodies(transport)

Water Ministry of Forestry andWaterAffairs

Ministry of Environment and Urbanisation(wastewater), Ministry of Food, Agriculture andAnimal Husbandry, municipalities, Ministry ofForeign Affairs for transboundary issues, WaterInstitute

Natureprotection

MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation, Ministry ofForestryandWaterAffairs

Ministry of Tourism and Culture and Ministry ofFood,AgricultureandAnimalHusbandry

Industrialpollutioncontrol andriskmanagement

MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation

Ministry of Internal Affairs (civil protection),Ministry of Transport, Maritime Affairs andCommunications(marinepollution),municipalities

Chemicals MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation

Ministries of Health and of Labour and SocialSecurity,others

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Noise MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation

Ministries of Health and of Labour and SocialSecurity,municipalities

GMO Ministry of Food,Agriculture and AnimalHusbandry

Ministry of Environment and Urbanisation,MinistryofHealthandothers

Forestry Ministry of Forestry andWaterAffairs

Climatechange

MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation

MinistriesofEnergyandNaturalResourcesandofForeignAffairs,others

CivilProtection(Seveso)

MinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanisation, Ministry ofLabourandSocialSecurity

Prime Ministry Disaster and EmergencyManagementAuthority

According to the results of the Technical Assistance Project for IPPC in Turkey, there arearound 5300 IPPC installations. Distribution of these installations is: energy industry 2%,production and processing of metals 25%, mineral industry 13%, chemical industry 26%,waste management 7%, other activities 27%. Most of the heavy industry is located inIstanbul,Kocaeli,IzmirandIskenderunregions.

ThenumberofinstallationssubjecttoEnvironmentalPermitsandLicencesaccordingtothenational legislation ismore than IPPC installations. Around 14.000 permits/licences havebeenissuedsince2010.

Therearearound1300permitwritersandinspectorsatthecentreandinprovinces.Thesepermit writers and inspectors are also responsible for duties other than permits andinspections.

Ministryoperationalbudget

TheMinistrybudgetisallocatedfromthegeneralstatebudget.

Halftherevenuesfromfinesaretransferredtothegeneralstatebudgetandhalfallocatedto a revolving fund used to meet Ministry expenses, including projects such as training,research,pilotprojectsandtechnologies.

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2.1.5. Externalinteractions

Publicparticipation

PublicparticipationinthedecisionmakingprocesshasbeenafeatureofEIAproceduresforanumberofyears.Thereisstillnopublicparticipationinpermitting,butitwillbeincludedinIPPCinthefuture.

AlocalpublicmeetingisorganisedwithInthescopeofEIA.Publiccommentsaretakenintoaccount in the draft EIA Reportwhich is published for review by the public,whose viewsmustbetakenintoaccountbytheCommitteenowchargedwithevaluatingtheproject.ThefinalCommitteeevaluationisannouncedandpublished,andthepublichasanopportunitytocommentinwriting.

The decision of the Ministry is based on the result of the evaluation by the Committee,takingintoaccountthepubliccomments.

Accesstoinformation

Everybody has the right to access information pertaining to the environment within thescopeofLaw4982of2003ontheRighttoObtainInformation.

Membersofthepubliccanapplytorequestinformationorexpresscomplaintsbypetition,specialweb service (“BİMER”)or to call centre (“ALO181”). The relevant authorityhas toreplytothiskindofrequestwithin15daysaccordingtolaw.

Complaints

If the complaints recorded as indicated above are under the responsibility of MoEU,generally they result in a site inspection. Results and evaluation are reported to thecomplainant.ThecomplaintsaresenttootherrelatedauthoritiesiftheyarenotinthescopeofMoEUresponsibilities.

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2.2. PartB–Permittingactivities

OBJECTIVE

Explore the permitting activities of the environmental authority.

2.2.1. EnvironmentalImpactAssessmentsThe first lawonenvironmental impactassessments (EIA)wasdrafted in1993. Since thenmanyrevisionsofEIAhavebeencarriedoutinordertoimprovetheframeworkandtackleissueswithimplementationandensuringharmonisationwithEUlegislation.OveralltheBy-lawonEIAismostlyinlinewiththeEUEIADirective,exceptthetransboundarycontext.

Theby-lawprovides a general format for the EIA -what is required tobe included in theassessment. Italsodifferentiatesbetweenprojects thatare likely tohaveahigher impactontheenvironment(annexI)andprojectsexpectedtohavelesspollutingimpacts(annexII).AnnexIprojectsareevaluatedbytheministry,annexIIprojectsbytheregionaldirectorates.TheEIAisactuallycarriedoutbyconsultantsorcontractors.

To start construction, Annex I projects should get ‘EIA positive’ decision and Annex IIprojectsshouldreceive‘EIAisnotrequired’decision.‘EIAisnotrequired’decisiondoesnotmean that these projects are exempt fromEIA. For these projects environmental impactsarestillassessedandalessdetailedreportisprepared.

Year EIApositive EIAnegative EIAnotrequired EIArequired

2011 426 0 3,759 37

2012 426 0 3,759 37

2013 477 0 3,613 34

2014 471 1 4,058 15

Table1:EIADecisionstakenbytheMinistry(source:EnvironmentalInspectionReportofTurkey-2014)

EIAprocess

Theprocess isconsideredtransparentandefficientandrequiresscreening,scoping,publicparticipationandconsultationswithrelevantauthoritiesbeforeafinaldecisionismade.Alldocumentsanddecisionsarepublishedonthewebsiteandtheapplicationsaredoneviaanelectronicsystem(since2013).Theapplicantscanapplyatanytime(24hrs)–theyalsocanreceivesmsmessages,notifyingthemaboutupdates,thestages.

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A dedicated EIA Commission is formed, depending on the type of project and area. TheCommission ismadeupofmembers from theministries affectedby theproject and localrepresentatives such as municipalities. This Commission is responsible for scoping,examining and evaluating applications. Depending on the type of activity, differentministriescanbeinvolved.Therepresentativesofmunicipalitiesdependonthegeographicalareacoveredbytheproject.

AnEIAreporthastobesentwithin18monthstotheCommissionforassessment.Whentheapplication is approved, the Commission will gather to carry out the assessment of thereport and, once the report is submitted, the date for inspection and assessment ispublishedonthewebsiteforthepublic.Ifthereportisnotdeemedcorrectorcomplete,theassessmentwillstopandwillonlyreconvenewhentherequireddataaresubmitted.

EnvironmentalImpactAssessmentReports,whichhavebeenexaminedandfinalisedbytheCommission,must be submitted to theMoEUwithin 10 days from the completion of theexaminationandassessmentmeetings. AfterwardsthisReport isannouncedto thepublicbytheMinistryandGovernoratebyappropriatemeansofcommunicationsuchasbillboardsannouncement and internet for ten days. Depending on the comments or complaintsreceived the Environmental Impact Assessment Report can be revised or the examinationandassessmentmeetingcanbedoneagain. TheministrygivesapositiveornegativedecisionandthefinaldecisioniscommunicatedtotheCommissionandtheowneroftheprojectbywrittennoticethroughthewebsite.

Monitoringandreportingarecarriedoutbytheministryandthegovernor.Themonitoringactivitiesfocusonverifyingwhethertheactivitiesperformedaredifferentfromtheactivitiesprescribed in the EIA-application and whether activities start before the EIA-process isfinalised. If theystartactivitiesbeforetheEIA isapprovedtheyare fined2%of thesizeoftheproject.

Initially,attheconstructionstage,thecompanyhadtomonitorandsubmitittotheministryat the beginning. But this has now been changed by law so monitoring is done by theprovincialdirectorateandtheministrywhichinspectandcheck.Onceupandrunning,thecompanieswill carryout self-monitoringonwaterpollutionetc., but theministry and theprovincialdirectorateswillcheckwhethertheydowhattheyneedtodo.

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Table2:StepsofEIAinTurkey

Aprojectthathasreceivedapositivedecisionmuststartwithin7years.Projectsthatdonotrequire an EIA must be started within 5 years, based on the situation described in thescreeningreport.

Impactcalculationmodels

ThequestionwasraisedabouthowtheMinistryforecaststheimpactsontheenvironmentandwhethertheyprovidestandardmodelsfortheconsultantstouse.Theministrydoesnotimposeparticularmodels.Theconsultantshavetoworkinaccordancewithinternationallyagreed/usedmodels.

Data coming from public institutions, for example the meteorological institute, usually amember of staff forms part of the Commission so there is no need to verify the data. Inthese cases theCommission checkswhether thedatahasbeenusedornot. Forexample,themodelscouldbewrong–sotheyhavetodothemagain.

The IRI team suggested to consider the use of standardised models put in place by theministry in linewith internationalmodels for forecasting the impactson theenvironment.Many European countries have found that forecasting the impact of activities on theenvironmentcanbechallengingandtheuseofsuchmodelscanbebeneficial.

StrategicEnvironmentalAssessment(SEA)

Since2003,TurkeyhasbeenworkingontheadoptionandimplementationoftheStrategicEnvironmentalAssessmentDirective.ThisresultedsofarinaproposedbylawonSEA,apilot

Monitoringandcontrol

FInaldecision

Consultaponswithpublicandrelevantauthoripes

EIAreport

Scoping

Publicparpcipaponmeepng

Screening

EIAapplicapon

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projectontourismandaSEAmanual.Ifitgoestoplan,implementationwillbedoneinthesecondhalfof2016.

2.2.2. Permitsandlicences

The lawprovidesa frameworkforenvironmentalpermittingand inspections,defininghowthiswillbeenforcedandwhatfinesareapplied.Before2010differentpermitsappliedfordifferent areas, for example discharges andwaste. Since 1April 2010 there is one singleenvironmentalpermitwhichisasteptowardsIEDpermitting.

Theyear2010wasan importantmilestone for theMinistryasbefore thatpermittingwasdone all over Turkey. It is now centralised and a new environmental permitting by-lawdealing with the environment came into force. In 2014 this by-law was reviewed andimproved.Annexesoftheby-lawwererevised.ItisnowstructuredinawaysimilartotheEIAannexes.Itconsistsof5articlesand5annexes(consideredshort).

- Objective,scope,basisanddefinitions- Generalprovisions- Typesofpermitsandlicences:temporaryoperatingcertificate(TOC),environmental

permit,environmentallicence- Cancellingconditions- Finalprovisions- Annexeswithlistofhighimpactfacilities,otherfacilitiesandforms.

Anenvironmentalpermitcovers Anenvironmentallicensecovers:

- Airemissions- Noise- Wastewater- Deepseadischarge

- Recovery- Disposal- Intermediatestorage- Pre-treatment- Decontamination

Process

Ingeneralthepermittingprocessisatwo-stepprocedure.

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Figure1:Processofenvironmentalpermitand/orlicence

PhaseI:TemporaryOperationCertificate(TOC)

The temporary operation certificate (TOC) is considered a pre-permit for the facility. TherationalebehindtheTOCistoproviderealdatawhentheinstallationisoperating,suchasemissions from the stacks or the pollutants released to the receiving water body afterwastewatertreatment,asinputforthepermitorlicenceapplicationprocess.ATOCisvalidforamaximumofoneyear,butinthisphasethepublichasnolegalpossibilitytoobjecttotheoperationsorfacility–onlyiftherearecomplaints.

Assoonastheoperatorhasreceivedthetemporarypermititispossibletostartoperating.TheTOCisvalidfor1yearbutacompanywhichhasbeengrantedaTOCmustprepareallemissiondocumentsandprovidethesetotheministryforreviewin6months.

Therearestandardrequirementsdefined forwhatneeds tobe included in theapplicationformasdefinedinAnnex3.

Phase2:Environmentalpermit

Once the necessary documentation is in place the company can collect and submit theinformationtotheministrywhichhas60daystoevaluatethedocumentstocheckwhetheranything ismissingandthateverything is inconformity. Authorised laboratoriescarryoutthe monitoring and the reports are drawn up by consultants approved by the ministry.Expertswithintheministryaredividedupintoanumberofareas–forexample,emissions,environmentalnoise,wastewater,deepseadischarge,hazardousandnon-hazardouswaste.

Information on waste produced by the company must be also reported. For wasteincineration,trial incineration isrequiredbeforestart-upandreportsontheresultsshouldbesenttothecompetentauthority.

Ifthecompanyiscomplianttheyareissuedapermitwhichisvalidforfiveyears.Theycanthenpreparetheirapplicationforrenewal.

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Permitconditionsandprovisions

TheIRIteamaskedwhethertheuseofcertaintypesoftechnologycouldnegatetheneedtomonitor emission outputs. This was not the case. In Turkey they just consider themeasurementsandlimits.

TheIRIteamsuggestedconsideringstipulatingtheuseofBATintheirpermits.

Application

Applicationsforapermitorlicencecanonlybesubmittedwhenalllicencesareinplace,andonly by approved environmental consultancy firms or certified official working for thecompanyconcerned. Itwasnoted thatabuildingpermit isnotpartof theenvironmentalpermittingprocess.Theapplicationprocessisdoneonlineviaane-permittingsystemcallede-Permit.ThispermitsystemhasbeeninusesinceApril2010.

Duration

A permit is valid for a term of maximum of 5 years but is dependent on compliance.Operatorsarethenrequiredtorenewtheirpermits.

Permitsandregulator

Structured similarly to EIA – impact on the environment by the facility determineswhichcategoryitfitsinto–Annex1or2.Thisthendetermineswhichauthorityisresponsible-theMinistrydealswithAnnex1facilitiesandtheProvincialDirectoratewithAnnex2facilities.

Itwasnotedthatenvironmental inspectorsarenotconsultedduringthepermittingphase.Consideration should be given to involving inspectors in the permitting process to ensureenforceabilityandpracticability.

If a company decided to change its operations, the question was raised of whether theyhavetoapplyforanotherlicence.Ifthechangeismorethan⅓oftheproductioncapacityorheatpower,thechangeoffuelorincinerationsystemorthecasesstatedundertheBy-lawonEnvironmentalPermitandLicencestheyhavetomakeanapplicationforanewpermit.

Charging

The electronic system shows which permits have been issued and within what sectors.There are around 60,000 installations that have been granted permits. The level of thepermittingfeesdependsonthecategoryofthefacility,annex1orannex2,andthepermitsubjects that the companyhas applied for. They are charged separately for a TOCandanenvironmentalpermitaswell.

Involvementofthepublic

Thepublic isnot involvedinthepermittingprocedure.TheIRIteamsuggestedconsideringimprovingpublicengagementwithinthepermittingprocess.

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2.3. PartC–Performinginspectiontasks(EnvironmentalInspectionCycle)

2.3.1. PlanningofinspectionsObjective:

To find out the criteria and procedures for planning of inspections and how this is put into

practice.

Since 2006 there has been a legal obligation for the Ministry to draft annual inspectionprogrammes concerning the combined inspections which take into account allenvironmental regulations. The by-law defines specifically who is subject to inspections,what the responsibilities are of the operations and who is responsible for carrying outinspections.

The planning of inspections is based on environmental risks and includes the inspectionfrequencyoftheinstallations.Thereishowevernolegalfrequencysetyet,asisintheIED.

The Ministry has around 1,500 inspectors who conduct 50,000 inspections annually.Inspections are typically triggered by complaints but both planned and unannouncedinspectionsareconducted.Thereisanonlinesystemwhichisaccessiblebythe81Provinceswhichprovidesusefulinformation,includingpermittinginformation.Thereisaninspectionprogrammeofcombinedinspectionswhichincludesexpertsfromwaste,waterandairwhowillattendinspectionstogether.Combinedinspectionsaregenerallydoneonhigh-risksitesandmorelighttouchinspectionsaredoneonlowerrisksites.

Turkeyiscurrentlydevelopingarisk-basedapproachforinspectionswhichtheMinistrywillroll out across the country. The risk assessments are based on the IMPEL developedmethodologyandconsidersandcategorisesrisksandprovidesinspectorswiththeabilitytofocuson thoseplantswhicharehigh risk. Continuousmonitoringsystemshavealsobeenintroducedforstacksandwastewatertreatmentplantswhichhaveledtoefficiencies.

The combined inspections in annual programmes are announced to the operatorsconcerned,buttheoverallinspectionprogrammesarenotmadepubliclyavailable.

Since 2011 pilot projects have been implemented using the IRAM methodology. Theprovince of Samsun (19 inspectors) was presented as an example. This province has 1.5million inhabitants and covers a wide variety of industrial activities (food, steel, energy,chemistry, tourismandquarries). While implementing the IRAMmethod, theprovinceofSamsundeveloped itsownriskcriteriabasedon impacton theenvironmentandoperator

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performance. One of the sources used for the risk assessments is the permit application.Partoftheapplicationshouldcontainawastemanagementplan.

An inspection plan for Samsun was introduced in 2013 as, according to the inspectionregulation,itwascompulsorytoplaninspections.Ithasbeenfoundtobeverybeneficialtoconsider the results of inspections at the end of the year and they have found thatintroducing inspection plans has been very useful as this provides a good framework forinspectors. Plansaremadeonamulti-annualbasisandtheaimwastodefineproceduresfornon-routine inspectionsasmuchof their timewasspenton these typesof inspectionswhich can be triggered by complaints or accidents. During the planning period, bothcombinedenvironmental inspections(which isacomplex inspectiontaking intoallaccountallenvironmentbasedlegislation)andmediabasedinspectionswerecarriedout.TheyalsoconductenvironmentalimpactassessmentmonitoringactivitiestocheckwhetheroperatorscomplywithwhatisstatedintheEIAreport,andmarketsurveillanceinspections.

The province has delegated some responsibilities for inspections tomunicipalities such asthe inspectionof apartments andhouses. TheProvince is also responsible for controllingwastewater treatment monitoring systems and air quality and enforcement. Plannedinspections take up about a third of their time and the risk criteria oftenused in Samsuninclude:

1. ImpactonEnvironmenta. Typeofinstallationb. Wastewaterdischargec. Airemissionsd. Wastemanagemente. Locationf. Safety

2. OperatorPerformancea. Complianceb. Attitudeoftheoperatorc. Environmentalmanagementsystem(ISO)d. Permitandlicencestatus

Theoperatorisrequiredtoprepareawastemanagementplanbeforesubmittingthepermitapplication,whichcoversthreeyearsbasedonestimates.ThisisalsoarequirementintheEIA application. The operator’s past performance is taken into accountwhenmaking theriskassessments.Theriskassessmentdrivesinspectionfrequencybutthehighriskfacilitiesareonly inspectedevery twoyearsunlikeunder IEDwhichrequiresannual inspections forhighriskfacilities.

However,havingotherandbroaderdataavailablefortheriskassessmentwasconsideredasoneofthebiggestchallenges.

The IRI teamaskedwhattheconsequenceswouldbe ifanoperatorproducedmorewastethanestimated: the answerwas that therewouldbeno consequences. The IRI teamalsoaskedhow theoperator’s attitudewas assessed. Thiswasmainly basedon the responsesgivenbytheoperatorsandthefeelingoftheinspectors.

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SomeprovincesalreadyreceivedtrainingonIRAM,butmorecapacitybuildingeventsfortheotherprovincesarescheduledbetween2016and2018.IntheprovinceswhereIRAMisnotyetapplied,inspectionsaremainlybasedoncomplaints.

Anotherexamplewastheplanningof inspectionsinAnkara(10inspectors),wheretheydonotusetheriskassessmentapproachyet.Theydifferentiatebetween4typesofinspections:

1. Planned(combined)inspections.

The basic criteria for these inspections are: results of previous inspections, size of theinstallations and the amountof generatedwaste. Complaints are also taken into account.For2016,55inspectionsareplanned.Theseoperatorsgetaone-weekadvancenotice.

2. Spontaneous–routine(mediabased)inspections

Theseareunannouncedinspectionsandfocusononespecificregulationonly.

3. Inspectionsbasedoncomplaintsandaccidents

Withthe increaseduseof internet,thenumberofcomplaintshasalso increased.Verifyingcomplaints is a very time-consuming activity for the inspectorate and takes up a lot ofresources. Reality shows that not all complaints are actual cases of non-compliance.Inspections based on complaints are unannounced and should take placewithin 15 days.Theyareusuallymedia-based.

4. Inspectionsforthepermitapplicationprocess

These inspections are performed at the request of the operator and are done to checkwhether the installations are in line with the information provided in the permit or TOCapplication.Itisnottheenvironmentalinspectorbutthepermitwriterwhoperformsthesechecks.Onlywithaletterstatingthecomplianceoftheoperator,canthepermitorlicencebe issued. In cases where the permit writer sees a case of non-compliance, he/she willinformtheinspectionunit.

Annualinspectionprogrammesaresenttotheministry.Reportsarenotsenttotheministryanymorebuttheycanbereachedthroughtheelectronicsystem.

The IRI team suggested to plan inspections more, based on risk assessment, in order tochangefrombereactivetopro-activeandtherebymakebetteruseofinspectionresources.Theyalsosuggestedthatthenumberofcombinedinspectionsshouldbeincreased.

ThefinalexamplegivenwasKocaeliProvince.Thisisaveryindustrialareaandhasaround10%ofTurkey’sindustries.Thereare12industrialzones,2freezonesand16internationalports. TherearechallengeswithemissionsduetothevolumeoftrafficgoingfromAsiatoEuropeandthegeographicalstructureofthearea.Theyhave15engineersworkingfortheenvironmentalmanagementandinspectionsection.

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Thereisapreferenceforunannouncedinspectionsastheseareseenasamuchbetterwaytoidentifynon-compliance.Thereare85combinedinspectionsplannedforthisyear. Thenumber of complaints responded to in 2015 was 1,260. The Provincial Directorate areanalysingcomplaintsandcarryingoutprojects to improve things inareaswhere thereareparticularissues.Atpresent,34installationsarebeingmonitoredthroughcontinuousonlinemonitoring for fluegas. Thisprovides themwith theability to identifynon-compliance inrealtime.

TheProvincesandMinistryareconnectedtothesystemandcanmonitoremissionsfromtheinstallations.Othersectorsrequiredtointroducethistypeofmonitoringincludechemicals,paintandglass.Allaredefinedintheregulation.

Kocaeli also uses sophisticated surveillance technology to trace movement of illegallydumpedwasteusingcamerasatwastesites. Notificationsforhazardouswastehavebeenintroducedwhich contain informationabout the shipment, the company shipping and thecompanyreceivingwaste.Theyhavealsointroducedapilotcasewhichtracksshipmentsviasatelliteswhichstartedin2011.

InKocaeli,owingtocomplaintsthedecisionwasmadetoco-locatemanyindustrialsitesinkey areas, establishing a coal industrial zone for example tominimise public exposure tonoiseandenvironmentalpollutionfromindustrialactivities.

EnforcementandpenaltiesIncasesofnon-compliance,varioussanctionsormeasurescanbetaken:

- Imposeadministrativefines- Ordertostoptheactivitiesofthesite- Ordertostopinshipment(incaseoftransport)

Enforcementisusuallydonethroughafinewiththesizeofthefinebeingdependentontheinfringement. The impact on the environment is considered and if it is found to have adangerous impacton theenvironmentandpublichealth theoperatormaybe shutdown.Last year they found that SO2 levels were very high in a particular area. They used theinformationtocheckthesitesintheareaandonewasshutimmediatelyduetotheuseofveryoldtechnology.

Inspectors are able to carry out inspections at installations which do not have anenvironmentalpermit.Theyhavetherighttoissueasanctiontoanyorganisationorpersonresponsible forpolluting theenvironment. Infringementsandsanctionsandhow toapplythesearestipulatedinthelawandinguidancewhichisissuedeveryyear.Intheby-lawsthepossible infringements are clearly listed and the levels of fines are set in the Law. Theguidanceonhowtoapplythese is issuedbytheMinistryandthe inspectorsaretrained inthisaswell. Inspection reportsare sent to theoperatorbutnot typically sharedwith thepublic. The annual inspection report informs the public and key stakeholders. Thecomplainant is also provided with the results of the inspection and any inspections arefolloweduptoensuremeasuresaretakenasrequired.

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According to Turkish law it does not matter whether it is a case of intentional orunintentionalpollution– theywill stillbeheld responsible. If theenvironment ispollutedthis isconsideredacrimeandhandled inaccordancewithcriminal law. Sincethis isdealtwith in accordance with criminal law it is taken to court for a judge to decide – judicialdecisionistakenbythejudge.

Ifa fine is imposedtheyaregivensometimetomitigatethereasonfornoncompliance–thelongesttheywillbeallowedis12months.Iftheinfringementisrepeatedwithin3yearsthefineisdoubled.ThemostseverefinesarerelatedtoenvironmentaldamageandhalfofthemoneyfromthefinesgoestotheMinistryandhalftothegovernmentbudget.

MajorIndustrialAccidents

In2013theMinistryandMinsitryofLabourandSocialSecuritypublishedanewregulationonindustrialaccidentsinordertobeginharmonisationwiththeSevesoIIDirective.TheyareworkingonharmonisationwithSevesoIIIandareplanningtopublishthisbysummer2016.

Thereareanumberofcompetentauthorities,eachofwhichisinvolvedinreviewingsafetyreports, examination of emergency plans and investigation of accidents and conductinginspections.Thecompetentauthoritiesare:

- TheMinistryofEnvironmentandUrbanization(MoEU)- TheMinistryofLabourandSocialSecurity(MoLSS)- PrimeMinistryDisasterandEmergencyManagementAuthority(DEMA)

Figure2:ResponsibilitiesSevesoDirective

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Between 2012 and 2014 an EU-funded project supported the Turkish authorities withtechnical assistanceon increasing the implementation capacity for the Seveso IIDirective.Theprojectcontainedthefollowingelements:

Figure3:ProjectplantoimplementtheSevesoIIDirective(source:http://www.europeaidturkey.risk-technologies.com/)

Intermsoflegalimplementationthefollowingregulationsarealreadyinplace:

- CommuniquéonPreparationofSafetyReports:24January2015- CommuniquéonPreparationofMajorAccidentPreventionPolicy:4August2015- CommuniquéonInternalEmergencyPlans:31March2016

Regulations are in preparation related to external emergency plans, Seveso inspections,guidelineonpublicinformationandanewRegulationwhichiscompatiblewiththeDirective2012/18/EU:(SevesoIIIDirective).

Dedicated software was developed to for the maintenance and update of SevesoNotifications: BEKRA. Also, geographic information tools have been included in thissoftware.

Many activitieswere focussed on increasing the capacity, via training (safety reports, riskassessmentsandinspections),studytoursandpilots.

Publicinformationislimited.Noinformationissharedonwhichchemicalsarestoredwhere.Thiswasadecisiontakenbasedonrisksrelatedtonationalsecurity.Theinformationthatissharedisusedtoraisetheawarenessaboutmajorindustrialaccidentsthroughprintedandvisualmedia. In the light of recent events other European countries are also consideringreducingtheamountofinformationinthepublicdomain.

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The IRI team asked about the transboundary effects of possible incidents accidents andcoordinationwithneighbouringcountries. AtpresentTurkey isnotparty to the IndustrialAccidentsConvention.Thiswasgivenconsideration,butintheeventwasnotsupportedbytheMinisterforForeignaffairs.

Howaboutjointinspections?Thetwoorganisationsresponsibleforinspections(MOEUandMOLSS) are working on an inspection communiqué jointly which they are hoping toimplement and to perform joint inspections. In Turkey, the fire brigade’s only role is tointervene: the authority for disaster and control has some responsibilities, but they don’thaveanyinspectionpowers.

Planningandreview

TheMinistryhasdevelopedthe2015-2017strategicplanwhichlaysdowntheobjectivesandthestrategiestoreachtheobjectives,andperformanceindicators.Theobjectiveistohavean efficient inspection and enforcement system in place by the use of the e-inspectionsystem.Inthisway,increasedcapacityoftheinspectorsshouldbeachievedintheformoftrainingandexecutionofprojectsusingthee-system.

Theplancontains4performanceindicators:

1. Performedplannedcombinedinspections2. EnvironmentalinspectionsandEIAmonitoring3. Numberofprovincesusingtheriskbasedplanningapproach4. Numberoftrainedinspectors

The province of Samsun presented their environmental inspection plan. Their goal is toincrease the level of compliancewith environmental laws. A key focus is on installationsworkingwithout a permit or a licencewhere, from 55% of the installationsworkingwithapprovalin2013,theprovincewantstoincreasethisrateto80%in2015.

2.3.2. Executionframework

Objective

To find out what provisions, instructions, arrangements, procedures, equipment etc, are in

place to enable inspectors and other staff to carry out inspection activities on the ground.

Software:E-Inspectionsystem

Toplan, reportandevaluate inspections,newsoftwarehasbeendeveloped (2014),whichenables the inspectors to report their findings online. The system integrates all necessaryinformation required by the inspectors and it also links to other systems used in theministry.

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Figure4:ComponentofE-Inspectionsystem

Qualifications

The Ministry has roughly 1500 staff dealing with environmental management, EIA,PermittingandInspections.

Forenvironmental staff theyoversee the trainingandqualificationsandmostof themareenvironmental engineers: other disciplines include management and other types ofengineering

To become a civil servant all candidates must pass an exam: to work for the ministry auniversitydegreeisrequired.Thisalsoappliesfortheprovincialdirectoratestaff

Training

Inspectors’trainingispartofthestrategicplanning.Inaddition,specifictrainingisprovidedsuchasmedia-basedtrainingorinspectionplanningtraining.

Allcivilservantsarerequiredtobetrainedfor2weeksaspartofageneralqualification.ABachelors Degree is required and an examination must be successfully completed. Tobecome an environmental inspector additional training is required according to theenvironmental inspectionby-law.Thesystem ischanging:besides training,experienceandworkingexperiencecountstowardsqualifyingasanenvironmentalinspector.Forexample,

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theinspectorswillhavetohavetheenvironmentalinspectortrainingandcarryoutatleast15inspections.

Environmental Inspection training is compulsory and can be done once or twice a year.There is also additional training available coveringwaste andwastewater samplingwherethe certificate is compulsory. Theseare compulsory for all inspectorswhoare required tohavecertificatesforbothsamplingandnoise.

Otherdepartmentsalsoorganisein-servicetrainingintheareasoftheirresponsibility.

Train-the-trainerprogrammeshaven’tbeenconsideredyet,asmosttraining ismanagedatthenationallevelbytheMinistry.

Equipment,tools,handbooks

Provincialdirectoratesholdwatersampling,noisemeasurementdevicesandequipment.Intotal 136 inspection vehicles are equipped with sampling and monitoring devices. Theministryisresponsibleforthelaboratorydepartmenttowhichsamplesaresent.Theresultsof samples, for example from river basins, are reported to the Directorates from theprovinces.Theresultsarenotmadepubliclyavailable.

Somesitesuseonlinemonitoringsystemstomeasuretheiroutput.

Thereisahandbookforinspectors,guidanceforinspectionplanningwithIRAMandsectoralguidance is also available. Inspectors can also benefit from E-inspections to reachinformationfromotherinformationsystemsoftheministryrelatedtoacertaininstallation.

Internalmonitoring

Inspectionsaremainlycarriedoutbytheministryandthereisalsomonitoringthatneedstobe done by the operators themselves. The operator can either outsource or employ anenvironmentalprofessional.

Inordertobecomeanenvironmentalofficialitisnecessarytoattendthetraining.

ThefacilitieswhicharesubjecttoAnnex1ofPermitsandLicencesBy-lawhavetoworkwithan authorised company or establish an environmentalmanagement unit. If it is smaller,according to Annex 2, an environmental official is enough or they can work with anauthorisedcompany.

The environmental official must prepare monthly reports and an annual internal auditreport. This isoneof the things tobe checkedby theenvironmental inspector -whetherthesereportshavebeenpreparedandwhetherthishasbeendonebytherightperson.

Thepersonfromtheenvironmentalfirmmustbepresentduringannouncedinspections.

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2.3.3. Executionandreporting

Objective

Find out how routine and non-routine inspection activities are carried out and reported and

how data on inspections carried out, their outcomes and follow-up are stored, used and

communicated.

Measuringandmonitoringofairemissionsandambientairquality

Thereare211emissionmonitoringpointsnationwide.Atthemoment8stationsarebeingestablishedwhere the results are accessible for public. The aim is tomeet EU air qualitystandards by 2019. The IRI team was informed that most problems relate to PM10 andfewerwithSO2andCO2.

Air emissions from certain installations are continuously monitored. The stacks that aresubjecttocontinuousmonitoringaredeterminedaccordingtothemassflowofpollutants.Theministryand theprovinceshaveaccess to the results.Continuousmonitoring systemsarealsochecked(whethertheyworkcorrectlyornot)duringtheinspections.

Inspectiondatabase

Inspectorsarerequiredtoprepareareportonsiteattheendofeach inspectionandthenreportit inthee-systemafterwards–thereportmustbepreparedwithin40workingdaysstatingfindings/compliance.

Complaints

Complaints are also registered in the E-inspection system and they are part of the riskassessment inorder toplanandprepare inspections.The followingmeanscanbeused toissueacomplaint:

- LettertotheMinistryorprovinceDirectorate- Callcentre- Online- E-mail

A lot of time and resources are currently used from the inspectorates to follow up oncomplaints.Theinspectorsarenotallowedbylawtorevealthesourceofthecomplainttotheoperator.

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Theoperatorshave30daystoappealtothecourtofappealsafterreceivingasanction–iftheypaywithin30daystheyget25%reduction.

The IRI team asked whether there is an independent arbitrator in Turkey, such as anombudsman,whocanreviewthewaythecomplainthasbeentackled.Anombudsmanwasestablishedtwoorthreeyearsagoenablingmatterstobetakenfurther.

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2.3.4. Performancemonitoring

Objective

Find out how the environmental authority assesses its performance and the environmental and other outcomes of its activities.

Reporting

By law theMinistry is obliged to prepare an environmental inventory and environmentalstatus report and manage the relationship with European Environmental Agency. This isdonebytheDepartmentofEnvironmentalInventoryandInformationManagement:

Thedata from thee-systemsareusedas themain source. Theannual Inspection reports,whicharepublishedonline,containthefollowinginformation:

1.Introduction

2.Strategicenvironmentalassessment

3.Environmentalqualificationactivities

4.Environmentalimpactassessmentactivities

5.Permitandlicenceactivities

6.Inspectionactivities

7.Imposingsanctionsundertheenvironmentallaw

8.Delegationofinspectionauthority

9.Activitiesforenvironmentalmonitoring

10.Participationininternationalinspectors’network,projectsandtrainingactivities

11.Conclusionandrecommendations

Annexes

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2.4. PartD–MeetingwithBusinessrepresentatives

Objective

To gain an understanding of the relationship between the environmental authority and

industry and how this works in practice.

Companyengagement

Avisitwasorganisedtoaproducerofnaturalsodiumcarbonateandsodiumbicarbonate.Adetaileddescriptionwasprovidedaboutthecompany,theorganisationalstructureandworkflowsandprocesses.

The plant holds all relevant ISO certifications regarding quality, safety and environmentalmanagementsystems. Italsoprovidedanoverviewofallthepermitandlicencesinplace.Thereseemtobenomajorenvironmentalimpactsofthecompanyorproblems.

The representatives confirmed that the inspectors perform both announced as well asunannouncedvisits.Nocasesofnon-compliancehavebeendetectedduringtheirvisits.

The site operators affirmed the skills and capacity of the inspectors of this specific plant.TheywereawareoftheinspectionandenforcementproceduresandinformedtheIRIteamthattheyhaveagoodprofessionalrelationshipwiththeinspectors.

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3. Conclusions

3.1. SummaryoffindingsIt is a testament to the hard work of the review team and the hosting country that thereviewwentverywell. Theexcellentpresentationsandnotesproducedinadvanceaswellasthesitevisitsconsiderablyenhancedtheunderstandingofthereviewteam.Turkeyhasanoverallimpressiveframeworkforenvironmentregulations.

The arrangements for environmental inspection and enforcement are based on theprinciplesoftheRMCEI.Turkeycouldconsiderimprovingcommunicationwiththepublicinorder to improve compliance and reduce complaints. They could also consider the use ofmore nuanced enforcement approaches (preventative work) and innovative instruments,andinvestmoreincompliancepromotion.

3.2. GoodpracticesPermittingactivities

- TheuseofanonlinesystemspermittingsystemsforexamplepermittingandEIAproceduresaredonethroughelectronicsystems.

- TemporaryOperatingCertificate(TOC)- TheincreasingnumberofpermittedfacilitiesinTurkey- Regularreviewofpermits- Useofasingleenvironmentalpermit- PublicparticipationintheEIAprocess

ExecutionFramework

- Actpromptlyoncomplaints- Followupcomplaintswithcomplainants- Theexistenceofanombudsman- Theuseofcombinedinspections- Atleasttwoinspectorsattendingasitevisit- TheabilityforinspectorstodraftinspectionreportsonsitethroughtheuseoftheE-

inspectionsystem- Informationonairpollutionlevelsavailableonline- Theuseofonenationalsoftwaresystemswhichenablesplanning,reportingand

evaluation.- Therequirementforoperatorstohaveanenvironmentalofficerortorelyoncertified

environmentalconsultantfirms- Co-locatingheavyindustryinthesameareaforexamplebringingtogetherallcoal

storageintothesamearea

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Planningofinspections- Introductionanduseofriskassessments- Useofriskassessmentstoguideinspectionfrequencies- TheuseandadaptationofIRAM,inparticulartheuseofweightedcriteria- Proactiveindevelopingandcapacitybuilding- Useoftheriskassessmentstoinformthefocusandpriorityforinspections- Strategyandclearobjectivesforinspections- Multi-annualinspectionplan

Inspections

- Problemsolvingattitude- Opentoinnovation,forexampleuseofchipsintruckstotrackwaste(522)- Onlineairemissionsmonitoring- AirQualityStandardsareimprovingandontargettoreachEuropeanstandardsby2019- Vapourrecoverytoreducethenumberofcomplaints- Rotationofinspectors

Traininganddevelopment

- Traininganddevelopmentframeworkisverygood- 2weekintroductoryprogrammeforcivilservantsalongwithinspectiontraining- Theinspectionprogrammecurriculum- InspectorsarerequiredtohaveaminimumofaBachelorDegree- TheHandbookforinspectors,guidanceforinspectionplanningwithIRAM- Training,experienceandworkingexperienceisrequiredtoqualifyasanenvironmental

inspector- CertifiedEnvironmentalConsultantsandEnvironmentOfficers

PerformanceMonitoring

- Performanceindicatorshavebeenidentified- Verythoroughtoolfordatacollectionandanalysis- Clearobjectivesandprioritiesidentified- AnnualreportontheStateoftheEnvironmentandaNationalInspectionreport

SevesoDirective

- Gooduseofresourcestobuildknowledge- Transposedthedirective- TransposingSEVESOIIIquickly,fasterthaninsomeEUcountries- SEVESOSoftware–whereallinformationonSEVESOestablishmentsiscaptured

3.3. OpportunitiesfordevelopmentPermitting

- TemporaryOperatingCertificate(TOC)- Considerreviewingthenumberofexemptions

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- Considerinvolvinginspectorsinthepermittingprocesstoensureenforceabilityandpracticability

- Somecountrieshavefoundthathigherlevelsofcommunicationwiththepublichavecontributedtoimprovedcompliance

- Couldconsiderthetechnologiestheplantsapplyaspartofthepermit–forexampletheuseofBestAvailableTechniques

- WorkwithstandardisedmodelstoassessenvironmentalimpactExecutionFramework

- Considerintroducingascreeningprocesstoverifycomplaints–forexampleminimuminformationrequirementandusingpolicetoinvestigate

- Couldconsiderexpandingcooperationwiththemunicipalitiesoncomplaints- Increasethenumberofcombinedinspections- CouldconsidermovingtowardsusingasystemsimilartoElectronicPollutantRelease

andTransferRegistertogatherdataonoperators- Couldconsiderfurtherdevelopingtheirtoolsforcompliancepromotion- Strengthencollaborationbetweenrelevantpubliclawenforcementbodies

Planningofinspections

- Consideraligningnationalandprovincialobjectivesandplans- Shouldconsiderdevelopingamorelongtermstrategy(5-10yrs)- Couldconsiderworkingwithotherpubliclawenforcementbodiestoenhancetherisk

profileofoperators- Couldconsiderpublishinganannualinspectionplaninadvance

Inspections

- Strengthencollaborationandcoordinationbetweentheprovincesinordertosharebestpracticeandinformationwhichcouldbefacilitatedbytheministry

- Considerimplementingthewastechainapproach- Couldconsiderexpandingthewastereportingsystemonthetransportofwastetonon

hazardouswaste- Couldconsiderdigitalisingthewastemanagementsystem- Couldconsidertheestablishmentofamechanismtoimprovecoordinationof

environmentalissuesbetweentheProvincesandtheMinistryTraininganddevelopment

- Consideratrainthetrainerapproachtospeeduptherolloutoftheuseofrisk-basedassessmentsforinspections,IRAM,totheProvincialDirectorates

- Considerrefreshertrainingtoensurecontinuousdevelopmentforalreadyqualifiedinspectors

- Maketheprogrammeevenmorerobust

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PerformanceMonitoring- Considerlinkingnationalandprovincialtargetswithnationalobjectives- Shouldconsiderabetterdistinctionbetweenoperatorindicatorsandtheinspectorate

indicators- Couldconsidermoreresultfocusedindicators

Seveso

- Considercoordinationofinspections- Useofriskassessmentstoinforminspections- Improvecommunicationwiththepublicincaseofanemergency- Improvepreparationforincidents- Couldconsidertransboundaryissues

3.4. LessonslearntfromIRIprocessLessonslearntfromthisIRIare:• Turkeyismakingprogresswiththeimplementationandapplicationofenvironment

legislation.• Insomeareas,Turkeyhasputinplaceimpressivetechnologicalsolutionswhich

otherscouldlearnfrom.Turkeyusestechnologytosupportthemintheirworktoimprovetheenvironment.

• HavingaclearfocusforthisIRIenabledtheprojectteamandIMPELtotailortheteamofinspectorswithappropriateexperiencesfromacrossEuropewhichcontributedtoenhancingdiscussions.

• ThethoroughpreparationbytheprojectteamandtheMinistryfortheEnvironmentandUrbanisationenabledinterestingexchangesofexperiences.

ConsiderationstobemadeforfutureIRIs:• BalancingexperiencedIRIreviewerswithnewparticipantswhowereexperienced

Sevesoinspectorsworkedwell.• IdentifyingaclearfocusfortheIRIisimportantasitenablestheIRIprojectteamto

ensureappropriateexperienceswithinparticularsectorsispresent.

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Annex1TermsofReferencesforIMPELProject

TORReferenceNo.:2016/22 Author(s):PatriciaWeenink/SimonBingham/MichaelNicholson.

Version:1 Date:November2015

TERMSOFREFERENCEFORWORKUNDERTHEAUSPICESOFIMPEL

1. Worktypeandtitle:IMPELReviewInitiative(IRI)Programme

1.1IdentifywhichExpertTeamthisneedstogotoforinitialconsideration

Industry

WasteandTFS

Waterandland

Natureprotection

Cross-cutting–toolsandapproaches-

1.2Typeofworkyouneedfundingfor

Exchangevisits

Peerreviews(e.g.IRI)

Conference

Developmentoftools/guidance

Comparisonstudies

Assessinglegislation(checklist)

Other(pleasedescribe):

1.3Fullnameofwork(enoughtofullydescribewhattheworkareais)

IMPELReviewInitiative

44

(ThisTermsofReferencesetsouttheneedtocarryoutfour(4)IRIsaspartofIMPEL’sportfolioofworkin2016.Onlytwohavebeenconfirmed:inStyriainAustriaandSicilyinItalyandwillatthemoment,befunded.IftheothertwocandidatesareconfirmedtheBoardwillseekopportunitiestofundthoseaswell.

1.4Abbreviatednameofworkorproject

IRI

2. Outlinebusinesscase(whythispieceofwork?)

2.1Namethelegislativedriver(s)wheretheyexist(nametheDirective,Regulation,etc.)

TheEuropeanParliamentandCouncilRecommendationonProvidingMinimumCriteriaforEnvironmentalInspectionsinMemberStates(2001/331/EC)

2.2LinktoIMPELMASPpriorityworkareas

1. Assistmemberstoimplementnewlegislation2. BuildcapacityinmemberorganisationsthroughtheIMPELReviewInitiatives3. Workon‘problemareas’ofimplementationidentifiedbyIMPELandthe

EuropeanCommission.

2.3Whyisthisworkneeded?(Background,motivations,aims,etc.)

TheIRIschemeisavoluntaryschemeprovidingforinformalreviewsofenvironmentalauthoritiesinIMPEL Member countries. It was set up to implement the European Parliament and CouncilRecommendation (2001/331/EC) providing for minimum criteria for environmental inspections(RMCEI),whereitstates:

“MemberStatesshouldassisteachotheradministrativelyinoperatingthisRecommendation.TheestablishmentbyMemberStatesincooperationwithIMPELofreportingandadviceschemes

relatingtoinspectoratesandinspectionprocedureswouldhelptopromotebestpracticeacrosstheCommunity.”

ThepotentialbenefitsoftheIRIinclude:

- providingadvicetoenvironmentalauthoritiesseekinganexternalreviewoftheirstructure,operationorperformancebyexpertsfromotherIMPELmembercountries

- encouragingcapacitybuildinginenvironmentalauthoritiesinIMPELmembercountries- encouragingtheexchangeofexperienceandcollaborationbetweentheseauthoritieson

commonissuesandproblems

45

- spreadinggoodpracticeleadingtoimprovedqualityoftheworkofinspectorsandotherofficialsworkingwithinenvironmentauthorities

- environmentalauthoritiesandcontributingtocontinuousimprovementofqualityandconsistencyofapplicationofenvironmentallawacrosstheEU(“thelevelplaying-field”).

2.4Desiredoutcomeofthework(whatdoyouwanttoachieve?Whatwillbebetter/donedifferentlyasaresultofthisproject?)

MemberstatesthathostanIRIwillbenefitfromanexpertreviewofitssystemsandprocedureswithparticularfocusonconformitywiththeRMCEI.Theparticipantsinthereviewteamwillbroadenanddeepentheirknowledgeandunderstandingofenvironmentalinspectionprocedures.OtherMemberStateswillbenefitthroughthedisseminationofthefindingsofthereviewthroughtheIMPELnetwork.

2.5DoesthisprojectlinktoanypreviousorcurrentIMPELprojects?(statewhichprojectsandhowtheyarerelated)

EveryIRIisheldasanindependentprojectwithinthehostingMemberState,butallIRI’sgiveagoodviewontheimplementationofenvironmentallegislationwithinEuropeancountries.

3. Structureoftheproposedactivity

3.1Describetheactivitiesoftheproposal(whatareyougoingtodoandhow?)

ThisTermsofReferencesetsouttheneedtocarryoutfour(4)IRIsaspartofIMPEL’sportfolioofworkin2016.Twocandidatesarealreadyconfirmed:StyriainAustriafocussingonindustrialthemesandanIRIinSicily,Italyfocussingonnatureprotection.Twoothercandidateswillbeidentifiedassoonaspossible.ItisenvisagedthateachofthefourIRIswillcostapproximatelythesame,€8,000.

EachIRIprojectwillinvolvethefollowingsteps:

a. Pre-meetingofthereviewteamleader&rapporteurwiththehostauthoritytofinalisethescopeandtimingofthereview,

b. Preparationofinformationonthehostingenvironmentalagencyanditsactivitiesbythecontactpersons

c. Circulationofthisinformationtoparticipatingteammembers.d. Reviewoveraperiodof3.5–4dayscomprising

i. 2.5daysforreviewandassessmentii. 0,5daysforsitevisit(optional)iii. 0.5daysforcomparisonandcollationofteamviewsiv. 0.5daysforfeedback,discussionandfinalizationofreport.

3.2Describetheproductsoftheproposal(whatareyougoingtoproduceinterms

46

ofoutput/outcome?)

1. Awrittenreportofthereview2. Relevantextractsfromthereviewreport,asagreedwithhost,fordisseminationto

IMPELmembersandtheEuropeanCommission,TrainingandEducationalmaterialon“lessonslearned”andonexamplesofgoodpracticeforincorporationintotrainingschemesofIMPELmembercountryinspectorates

3. Whereappropriate,translationoftheprojectsummaryintothehomelanguageofthehostIRIcountry.

3.3Describethemilestonesofthisproposal(howwillyouknowifyouareontracktocompletetheworkontime?)

4IRI’sin2016areforeseenalthoughonlytwoareconfirmedatthisstage.

3.4Risks(whatarethepotentialrisksforthisprojectandwhatactionswillbeputinplacetomitigatethese?)

Risks:

1. FindinghostsforthereviewsoftwooftheIRIsthatarenotyetconfirmed.Asdescribedabove,theriskofnotfindingsuitablehostsforthereviewswillbemitigatedbytheIMPELBoard’sclearresponsibilitytoactbythe31Marchandre-assignanyunusedorunderusedbudgettootherpartsofIMPEL’sworkprogramme.

4. Organisationofthework

4.1Lead(whowillleadthework:name,organisationandcountry)–thismustbeconfirmedpriortosubmissionoftheTORtotheGeneralAssembly)

IRIambassadors:SimonBingham,PatriciaWeenink&MichaelNicholson

4.2Projectteam(whowilltakepart:name,organisationandcountry)

Tobeseen,sincenameofhostingagencyisnotknownyet

4.3OtherIMPELparticipants(name,organisationandcountry)

TeamleaderandrapporteurfromtheIRIpool

4.4.Othernon-IMPELparticipants(name,organisationandcountry)

None

47

5. Highlevelbudgetprojectionoftheproposal.Incasethisisamulti-yearproject,identifyfuturerequirementsasmuchaspossible

Year1(exact)

Year2 Year3 Year4

HowmuchmoneydoyourequirefromIMPEL?

16.000

Howmuchmoneyistobeco-financed

Totalbudget 16.000

6. Detailedeventcostsoftheworkforyear1

Travel€

(max€360perreturnjourney)

Hotel€

(max€90pernight)

Catering€

(max€25perday)

Totalcosts€

Event1 2x360

(x2IRI’s)

=1,440

4x90

(x2IRI’s)

=720

2x25x3

(x2IRI’s)

=300

2,460

Premeeting(for2IRI’s)

2monthsbeforeIRI

Place:Hostingagency

Teamleader+rapporteur

2nights

Event2 8x360

(x2)

=5,760

8x4x90

(x2)

=5,760

8x25x5

(x2)

=2,000

13,520

IRI-Review

Hostingagency

8participantsperIRI

4nights

Totalcostsforallevents 15,980

48

7. Detailedothercostsoftheworkforyear1

7.1Areyouusingaconsultant?

7.2Whatarethetotalcostsfortheconsultant?

7.3Whoispayingfortheconsultant?

7.4.Whatwilltheconsultantdo?

7.5Arethereanyadditionalcosts?

Namely:

7.6Whataretheadditionalcostsfor?

7.7Whoispayingfortheadditionalcosts?

7.8.Areyouseekingotherfundingsources?

Namely:

7.9Doyouneedbudgetforcommunicationsaroundtheproject?Ifso,describewhattypeofactivitiesandtherelatedcosts

Namely:

8. Communicationandfollow-up(checklist)

What Bywhen

Yes No

Yes No

Yes No

Yes No

49

8.1Indicatewhichcommunicationmaterialswillbedevelopedthroughouttheprojectandwhen

(alltobesenttothecommunicationsofficerattheIMPELsecretariat)

TOR!*

Interimreport!*

Projectreport!*

Progressreport(s)!

Pressreleases

Newsitemsforthewebsite!*

Newsitemsforthee-newsletter

Projectabstract!*

IMPELataGlance!

Other,(givedetails):

November2015

2016

Thehostcountrywillprepareapressreleaseforthemediaintheirowncountry.ThiswillbetranslatedwherenecessaryintoEnglishanddisseminatedviatheIMPELwebsite.

Endof2016

8.2Milestones/Scheduledmeetings(forthewebsitediary)

1stIRIspring2016

2ndIRIsummer2016

3rdIRIautumn2016

8.3ImagesfortheIMPELimagebank

8.4Indicatewhichmaterialswillbetranslatedandintowhichlanguages

Dependingonwhichhostcountryischosen,itisourintentionthattheprojectsummary,thatwhichhighlightsthemainfindings(‘GoodPractices&OpportunitiesforDevelopment’)aretranslatedintothelanguageofthehostcountry.

8.5Indicateifweb-basedtoolswillbedevelopedandifhostingbyIMPELisrequired

n/a

8.6Identifywhichgroups/institutionswillbetargetedandhow

n/a

Yes No

50

8.7Identifyparalleldevelopments/eventsbyotherorganisations,wheretheprojectcanbepromoted

None.

!)Templatesareavailableandshouldbeused.*)Obligatory

9. RemarksIsthereanythingelseyouwouldliketoaddtotheTermsofReferencethathasnotbeencoveredabove?

IncaseofdoubtsorquestionspleasecontacttheIMPELSecretariat.

DraftandfinalversionsneedtobesenttotheIMPELSecretariatinwordformat,notinPDF.

Thankyou.

51

Annex2Notesfromthepre-meeting

PRE-MEETINGTURKEYIRI

ANKARA,TURKEY,10SEP2015

Attendees:

IbrahimOzdemir,PinarTopkaya,SenayAslan,TerryShears,ElenStrale

Keynotesfromdiscussions

• ThepremeetingwasopenedbyIbrahimOzdemirinordertoexplorekeyareastocoverduringthemeeting.Itwasagreedtheexistingenvironmentallegislationandimplementationthereofwouldbecoveredthiswouldalsoincludepermitting.TurkeyhastransposedsomeofthearticlesofRMCEIintoTurkishlegislation.

• TheIRIteamalsometwiththeDirectorGeneralfortheEnvironmentMinistrytobrieflydiscusstheIRIthemeetingalsoprovidedanopportunitytodiscussIMPELmorewidely.

• TerryShearsstresseditwouldbeusefulfortheIRIteamtounderstandwhatthelegislationsaysaroundinspections,permittingandcompliancesotheteamisabletounderstandthecontextinadvanceoftheIRI.ItisalsoimportanttorecognisethatthefocusoftheIRIisonimplementationnotonthelegalframework.

• Itwasagreedthatasitevisitwouldbeappropriateandthatperhapsanoilrefinerywouldbesuitable–thesiteislocatedaboutanhouraway

• ThepreparatoryteamthoughtitwasimportanttorecognisethatTurkeyisslightlydifferenttootherpreviousIRI’sasitdoesnotapplyalltheEUregulations,forexampleIEDisnotyetinforceinTurkey.However,itwasagreeditwouldstillbeusefultoexploretheroleoftheauthoritiesinTurkeyinrelationtoinspectionsandenforcement.

• TheteamalsodiscussedandagreeditwouldbeusefulfortheIRIteamtohavesightofPartAinEnglishinadvanceoftheactualIRIinNovemberinordertoallowthemtoprepare.Itwasagreedthatthiswouldbecirculatedtwoweeksinadvanceofthemeeting.

• TheIRIquestionnairewasthendiscussedindetailandadraftagendaproducedwhichisattachedbelow.TherewasrecognitionthatthelevelofEnglishspokenmaybeachallengeandthatitwouldbenefitthequalityofdiscussionstoprovidecontinuoustranslationofpresentationsanddiscussionsoverthe4days.

52

• TheteamalsodiscussedtheimportanceofseniorlevelengagementintheIRIandwewillendeavourtohavetheseniormanagementteampresentforthepresentationoftheresults.

• Wealsodiscussedtheimportancearoundkeepingpresentationstoaminimumtomaximisetheopportunityfordiscussionandexchangeofbestpractise.

• TheteamalsoexploredthetopicstobecoveredingreatdepthandagreedthatasidefromTFStherewillnotbeastrongfocusontransboundaryissuesforthisIRI.

PracticalArrangements

• TheIRIteamwillarriveinAnkaraonMonday2Novemberandtheteamwillmeetfordinnertodiscusstheagendainmoredetailbeforethemeetingthenextmorning.

• TheIRIwilltakeplaceinahotelinAnkaraforpracticalreasonsastheMinistryislikelytobemovingbetweennowandNovemberandit’snotclearwhenthiswillhappenwhichwillmakeplanningchallenging.TheteamhasnegotiatedacompetitiveratewiththehoteltheIRIteamwillstayin.

• ThesitevisitwilltakeplaceontheThursdayafternoonandameetingwiththeoperatoronsitewillbeorganised.

Actions

• ReviewexpendituretodateandthebudgetallocatedfortheIRItoensuretranslationandvenueisincludedinthepricealongwiththeprovisionoftransporttoandfromthesitevisit.TerryandPinar

• SpeaktoMichaelaboutbudgetavailabilityinordertopayfortransportation,provisionoflunches,costofvenueandtranslation.Terry

• Providedetailsaroundtransportationtoandfromtheairport.Pinar

• Setupaconferencecallasapre-meetingfortheIRI-Terry/Elen

• Persuadetheboardaboutprovisionoftranslation–Terry/Elen

• ProvidecommentsbyendofSeptemberontheagenda–All

• WouldwelikeIMPELtosendanofficialinvitationtoseniormanagers–speaktoChrisDijkensaboutwhetherhemightliketodothis–Terry/Elen

• ProvideupdatedbudgetprojectiontoseewhetherweneedmoremoneyfromIMPEL–Pinar

• ProvidePartAinEnglishtwoweeksinadvanceoftheactualIRI–Pinar/Senay

53

Annex3DraftagendaIRImeetingTime Item Lead/Presenter CommentsTuesday5April

9.30-10.00BriefintroductionaboutIRI,IRIteamandagendaofTurkeyIRI

10.00-10.45 PartA-WelcometoTurkey

IntroduceTurkey–thissessionwillaimtoprovidetheIRIteamwithanunderstandingoftheorganisationoftheenvironmentalauthority,thesysteminTurkey,therelevantlegislationandrelationshipswiththepublic

10.45-11.30 EIAprocedure CoverEIAprocedurepriortopermitting

11.30-11.45 CoffeeBreak

11.45-13.00 PartB-Permitting Togainanunderstandingofthepermittingactivitiesoftheenvironmentalauthority.Thisshouldcovertheorganisationoftheauthorityandpermittingactivities.

13.00-14.00 Lunch

14.00-16.00 PartC–ExecutionFramework

Procedureofinspection,inspectionsoftware,shortinfoaboutinspectionby-law.Coverprovisions,instructions,arrangements,proceduresandequipment.Thisincludesqualifications,skillsandexperiencerequiredofinspectors,legalandadministrativestaff.Trainingarrangementsinplace.Howskillsarekeptuptodate.

16.00-16.30 CoffeeBreak

54

Time Item Lead/Presenter Comments16.30-17.30 Reviewoftheday ReviewTeam Reviewthefindingsofthe

day,highlightquestionsandrecommendations

Wednesday6April

9.30-10.00 PartC–Planningofinspections

Togainanunderstandingofhowtheauthorityoperatesintermsofplanninginspections.

Runningaprojectonplanningwhichtheywouldliketoshare

10.00-10.45 PlanningofinspectionsintheProvinces

Usingriskbasedassessments

10.45-11.30 PlanningofinspectionsintheProvinces

11.30-11.45 CoffeeBreak

11.45-12.30 PartC–Definingobjectivesandstrategiesforinspections

(15minsforministryand15minsforministryfollowedbydiscussion)

12.30-13.00 PartC–Planningandreview

Provincereportsonplanningandreview

13.00-14.00 Lunch

14.00-14.45 PartC–Executionandreporting

PresentationfromMinistryforexecutionandreporting.

Complaints,publicengagement,penalties

14.45-15.15 CoffeeBreak

15.15-16.15 PartC–Executionandreporting(Continued)

55

Time Item Lead/Presenter Comments16.15-17.15 ReviewoftheDay Reviewteam Reviewthefindingsofthe

day,highlightquestionsandrecommendations

Thursday7April

9.30-11.00 PartC–Executionandreporting

PresentationfromProvinceforexecutionandreporting.

Complaints,publicengagement,penalties

11.00-11.15 CoffeeBreak

11.15-11.45 PartC–Performancemonitoring

11.45-12.15 SEVESO

12.15-13.00 Lunch

13.00-18.00 PartD–Sitevisit

Friday8April

9.30-11.30 Reviewoffindingsandpreparation

IRIReviewTeam

11.30-12.00 FinalPresentation

12.00 Lunch