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Imperialism (1870-1918): America becomes a world power Imperialism- foreign policy of powerful countries seeking to control weaker countries or regions economically, socially and/or politically Foreign Policy- actions that a country takes when dealing with other nations. U.S. had a tradition of ISOLATIONISM (not being involved)

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I.Reasons for Imperialism 1.Economic Reasons a. New Markets for trade - Take over other countries and force them to buy our products

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2.Social Reasons a.Social Darwinism- we are the fittest and have the right to take over others b.White Mans Burden- its our responsibility to spread our culture to savage natives

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3. Political Reasons a. Make the U.S. a world power

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b.Put military bases around world to protect our trade ships and possessions Increase the size of our navy Alfred Mahans Importance of Sea Power Upon History book about taking over land to use as Naval bases

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3. Spanish-American War a. Causes Yellow-JournalismYellow-Journalism and sinking of U.S.S. Maine b.A Splendid Little War- U.S. wins quickly, Roosevelt and the Rough Riders are heroes b. Results U.S. takes control over Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico and Cuba U.S. is recognized as a WORLD POWER Anti-Imperialists are unhappy that the U.S. is taking over other countries

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III.Presidents of Imperialism 1.William McKinley (1897-1901) a. Annexes Hawaii b. Makes decision to keep territories gained after the Spanish- American war 2.Teddy Roosevelt (1901- 1908) a. Big Stick Policy (Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine)- U.S. will be a police power in the Western Hemisphere and is allowed to interfere in Latin-America to protect US interests

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b. Panama Canal Roosevelt interferes with a rebellion in Panama and helps it succeed He then makes deal with the new country of Panama to build the canal Important for trade and military

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b. Panama Canal Roosevelt interferes with a rebellion in Panama and helps it succeed He then makes deal with the new country of Panama to build the canal Important for trade and military

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How did the Panama Canal further Americas status as a world power? Why was the building of the canal an example of the Big Stick policy?

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and The Progressive Era

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Progressive Era (1900-1920)-Time period in the United States in which the government and the people attempted to REFORM political, social and economic problems in America. oReform- correct what is wrong oGovernment begins to move away from laissez faire and towards regulation of business

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I.Origins of the Progressive Era Many reforms led by middle-class city dwellers who had political power and influence 1. Many reforms led by middle-class city dwellers who had political power and influence 2. Reform began at the State and local levels 3. Some early reform movements include: Settlement Houses [Jane Addams], Reform of city governments, Helping the poor, Womens Suffrage, the Populist Party: The Populists were a third party made up of farmers and factory workers whose goals included: Eight hour workday > End child labor > regulate railroads Graduated income tax Many of their goals become laws during the Progressive Era

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2.17 th Amendment- direct election of U.S. senators by the people 3.19 th Amendment- Womens Suffrage (right to vote) Alice Paul- important leader for Womens Suffrage. Helped found the National Womens Party (NWP) II. Political Reform during the Progressive Era 1.Reformers tried to: End corruption in government (Civil Service tests- end the spoils system Increase influence in government by everyday citizens (Primary, Initiative, Referendum, Recall)

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III.Social Reforms during the Progressive Era 1.Settlement Houses (Hull House and Henry Street Settlement) 2.Temperance= PROHIBITION (18 th Amendment) 3.Muckrakers- journalists who exposed problems of society to raise awareness and make a change a.Upton Sinclair- The Jungle Exposes unsanitary meat packing Laws passed: Meat Inspection Act, FDA b.Jacob Riis- How the Other Half Lives: Poor tenement neighborhoods Laws: Tenement House Act c. Ida Tarbell- History of the Standard Oil Corporation: Greed of Rockefeller Laws: Sherman and Clayton Anti-trust act d. Thomas Nast- drew political cartoons to expose Boss Tweed Laws: Civil Service tests

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IV. Economic Reforms during the Progressive Era 1.Sherman Anti-Trust act and Clayton Anti-Trust act- regulated big businesses, trusts and monopolies Progressive Era Amendments Remember T E A S 16 th 17 th 18 th 19 th axes 1913 Graduated income tax lection 1913 Direct election of U.S. senators lcohol 1919 Prohibition uffrage 1920 Women receive suffrage (the right to vote)

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VIII.The End of the Progressive Era 1. U.S. involvement in World War I (1914-1918) changed the government and the peoples focus away from progressive reforms