improving passive solar collector for fiber optic lighting · oce for providing the resources and...

Presented by: Abdul Al-Azzawi [email protected]

Improving Passive Solar Collector for Fiber Optic

Lighting

By Patrick Couture, IEEE, Hafed Nabbus, IEEE,

Abdul Al-Azzawi, Ph.D., SMIEEE, and Monica Havelock, Eng.,

Algonquin College, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada


Hybrid Fibre Optic Lighting System

Introduction

Overall Design Objective

Collector Design

Test Platform, Experiments and Results

Constructing the Cables, Experiment and Results

Conclusion Proposals Q & A


Introduction

Distribution of Electrical Energy Consumption in the Advanced Houses in Canada.


Introduction

www.rowlandconstructionllc.org/

Fibre Optic Cables

Retrofit

Expandable


On/Off On/Off

On/Off On/Off

Design Objective


Collector Design

The successful collector design must:

• Be fixed on the structure, • Able to collect sufficient daylight from sunrise to sunset, • Contain an IR filter to reduce heat, • Maintain accurate alignment to direct the collected light into the optical fibres, and • Have the ability to deliver suitable lighting, up to 20 m.


Test Platform

Homemade Test Platform. 8:12 Pitch

Testing Enclosure

Sun Simulator


Experiment

Lux Meter

Setup for Sequential Readings


Summer Sun Pattern

0⁰

14⁰

28⁰

42⁰

56⁰

60⁰

63.5⁰


Results Summer

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

1.60

1.80

2.00

0 14 28 42 56 60 63.5

Fact

or o

f Int

ensi

ty

Sun Angles in Degree

Velux Diffuser On/Off and Modification (Summer)

Diffuser ON

Diffuser OFF


0 ⁰

3.6 ⁰

5.5 ⁰

7.2 ⁰

10.8 ⁰

14.4 ⁰

16.5 ⁰

Winter Sun Pattern


Results Winter

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

0 3.6 5.5 7.2 10.8 14.4 16.5

Fact

or o

f Int

ensi

ty


VELUX Diffuser On/Off and Modification (Winter)

Diffuser ON

Diffuser OFF


Dome Proposals

70° 120° 290° 240° North 0°

East 90°

West 270°

South 180°

Linear Fresnel Lens Ridge Design

Increase the efficiency of the collector by increasing the surface area.

Adding a series of customised ridges based on the solar azimuth chart.


Modified Dome Potential

Diffuser On Frosted area is pointing downward

Diffuser Off Frosted area is pointing upward


Modified Dome Potential

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

0 14 28 42 56 60 63.5

Fact

or o

f Int

ensi

ty


VELUX Modification Potential (Summer)

Diffuser ON

Diffuser OFF

Modified Dome

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50

0 3.6 5.5 7.2 10.8 14.4 16.5 Fact

or o

f Int

ensi

ty


VELUX Modification Potential (Winter)

Diffuser ON

Diffuser OFF

Modified


Concentrator Proposal

Fibre Cables Parabolic Dish

Hyperbolic Mirror

Cold Mirror

VELUX Sun Tunnel


Cable Objectives

The successful distribution system must:

• Filter the IR, • Have the ability to deliver suitable lighting, up to 20 m, • Long enough to reach the basement of a two story building, and • With minimal losses along the way.


The Fibre Cables Fibre Bundle Polishing


Experiment 1 Objective

Design This experiment studied the propagation of light through two homemade fibre optic cable bundles (2 m and 4 m of PMMA Poly Methyl Meth Acrylate).

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00

0 20 40 60 80 100

Effic

ienc

y

Distance (cm)

Light Flux from PMMA Cable Bundles

2 m

4 m

Light Source

Cable Bundle

0 cm 20 cm 40 cm

60 cm

80 cm

100 cm

Lux Meter


Experiment 2 Objective

This experiment tested the light transmission of two different diameter sized cables to determine the efficiency of each and understand the best cable to use for light distribution.


Experiment 2

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

5 10 15 20

Eff

icie

ncy

(%)

Cable Length (m)

Efficiency for CK-20 and CK-40 Cables

CK40

CK-20

The cables tested ranged in length from 5 to 20 meters.


Cable Proposals

• Design a system that will filter the IR and reduce heat,

• Test a range of plastic fibre cables of different lengths,

• Design and test multiple diameter fibre bundles in order to achieve maximum area coverage and minimise losses.


Collector Conclusion

• The proposed collector dome should be modeled and tested using proper ray simulation software.

• This modeling is essential to visualize and quantify the increase capturing ability. It will also indicate if this modification is indeed a viable fixed collector.

• The next step is to build and test the concentrating mechanism based on a compound parabolic concentrator.


Cable Conclusion • The cable losses is one of the major factor to be considered as this is the main mechanism that will transport the light to the desired destination.

• The losses must be minimised by carefully balancing a good bend radius, minimising the macro-fractures and careful cable handling and polishing.

• Experimenting with mixture of PFC of various diameters between 1.0 mm and 2.0 mm will help determine a better bend radius and supply the needed light at the distribution end.


Hybrid Fibre Optic Lighting System

Introduction

Overall Design Objective

Collector Design

Test Platform, Experiments and Results

Constructing the Cables, Experiment and Results

Conclusion Proposals Q & A


Questions &Answers

Collector design ?


References:

Background image http://www.renewablepowernews.com/archives/1675

V. Grassi and J. Okamoto, “Development of an Omnidirectional Vision System.”, Dept. of Mechatronics and Mechanical Syst. Eng., U. of the Braz. Soc. of Mech. Sci. & Eng., Vol. XXVIII, No. 1, pp 58-68, 2006

M. Laar and F. Grimme, “German developments in daylight guidance systems: an overview.”, Building Research & Information , Vol. 30(4), 282–301 , 2002


Acknowledgment The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance, support and sponsor of VELUX Canada Inc., Algonquin College/Applied Research and Innovation, and OCE for providing the resources and facilities necessary to work on this project. Also, thanks to Dr. Wahab Almuhtadi, Dr. Mohammed Mostefa, and Mr. Mietek Slocinski for help with various aspects of the project.


Improving Passive Solar Collector for Fiber Optic

Lighting

By Patrick Couture, IEEE, Hafed Nabbus, IEEE,

Abdul Al-Azzawi, Ph.D., SMIEEE, and Monica Havelock, Eng.,

Algonquin College, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

improving passive solar collector for fiber optic lighting · oce for providing the resources and...

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