In-Text Citing

In-Text Citations

• 1 sentence– “In 2013, more than 59 percent of the population

still believed that more than one person was involved in the murder of John F. Kennedy” (“Who shot the president” 78).

In-Text Citations

• More than 1 sentence• In contrast to the conclusions of the Warren Commission,

the United States House Select Committee on Assassinations (HSCA) concluded in 1978 that Kennedy was probably assassinated as a result of a conspiracy. The HSCA found the original FBI investigation and the Warren Commission Report to be seriously flawed. While agreeing with the Commission that Oswald fired all the shots which caused the wounds to Kennedy and Connally, the HSCA stated that there were at least four shots fired (only three of which could be linked to Oswald) and that there was a high probability that two gunmen fired at the President. (“Who Shot JFK” 56-58)

In-Text Citations

• More than one source in a sentence• Although some medical ethicists claim that

cloning will lead to designer children (Miller 12), others note that the advantages for medical research outweigh this consideration (James 46).

What goes in the parentheses?• Author’s last name and page number if you

have it• Author’s last name only if no page number• If no author, then article title in quotes and

page number (if there is one)• If not author or article, then book title

italicized and page numberNEVER USE COMMAS UNLESS CITING MULTIPLE PEOPLE’S LAST NAMES!!!!

Writing Paragraphs• Organized around one “controlling” idea that is usually

stated in a topic sentence• Made up of supporting sentences that develop the

main idea• Typically 5-8 sentences• Topic Sentence: doesn’t have to be the first sentence

(you can begin a paragraph with details that build up to a summary topic sentence)

• Topic Sentence formula: topic + something particular about the topic

• You should always be able to find a topic sentence in a paragraph!