in the philippines - bogor agricultural...

College of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOS BANOS

in the PHILIPPINES

Leni D. Camacho & Floribel D. ParasUniversity of the Philippines Los Baños

1. Forest Statistics2. Philippine National REDD+ Strategy3. REDD+ in the Philippines4. Initial lessons learned from REDD+

Outline of Presentation


Forestry Statistics


Alienable and DisposableForestland/Timberland

Source: Carandang, 2012; NGP, DENR, 2012.

(Land Classification, 30 Million has. total land area)

Area Classification

Forestry Statistics


Alienable and DisposableForestland/Timberland

Source: Carandang 2012; NGP, DENR, 2012.

State of the Philippine Forests

Forestry Statistics


Source: NGP, DENR, 2012.

Forest Cover

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

1935 1970 1975 1980 1984 1992 1997 2003fOR

ES

T A

RE

A (in

mil h

a)

Y E A R

Philippine forest cover (1934 - 2003).

Source: Carandang 2012; NGP, DENR, 2012.

Forestry Statistics


Source: Carandang, 2012.

Forest Conversion

Forest lost due to logging and

peripheral activities , 9%

Second growth subsequently converted thru kaingin, 47%

Directly converted w/o logging, 44%

Forest conversion (1935 - 2003)TOTAL FOREST AREA CONVERTED = 7,855,000 ha

7Source: Dolom, 2006 as cited by Lasco, 2013; Adapted from Environmental Science for Social Change, 1999

Extent of Forest Cover Loss for the last 100 years

70 % 60 % 40 %

34 % 23.7 % 18.3 %

The vanishing Philippine forests…

Philippines’ initiatives on REDD+

• Signing of the National Framework Strategy on Climate Change (NFSCC) (2010-2022)

• NFSCC outlines the 12 year plan of the country on climate change mitigation and adaptation Particular reference on REDD plus strategy given in Section 8.5

• EO 881 issued in April 2010 directing the Climate Change Commission (CCC) to coordinate climate change initiatives of the different sectors/agencies, REDD plus and other similar mechanism


Source: Pulhin, F., 2012.

Forestry Statistics


Drivers of Deforestation

DEFORESTATION AND FOREST DEGRADATION

Open Access

Institutional weaknesses

Population pressure & migration

Corruption & collusion

Poor monitoring & law enforcement

Limited livelihood options

Logging bans as perverse incentives

High demand for wood, NTFP, ores, tourism areas

Value of forests as subsistence & source of cash

Economic growth targets

Financing for illegal activities

Rural poverty

Unstable, confusing, conflicting forest policies & mandates

Inappropriate land uses

Lack of political will & coordination

Low farm productivity

fire, floods, landslides, calamities

Planned and Unplanned Forest products extraction, Agricultural expansion, Infrastructure expansion

POVERTY & POPULATION PRESSURE

MARKET DEMAND & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

WEAK POLICIES & GOVERNANCE

TECHONOLOGICAL & BIOPHYSICAL FACTORS

Over‐extraction & unsustainable harvesting

Proliferation of chainsaws

Landlessness/ farm & settlements

expansionImproved market access

Fishbone diagram of the underlying causes of drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in the Philippines Source: Carand

ang 2012

Philippines’ initiatives on REDD+

• EO 881 designates DENR as the operational implementer of REDD plus.

• Philippine National REDD plus Strategy (PNRPS) endorsed to CCC in 2010


PNRPS


Philippine National REDD+ Strategy

Drafted by a pool of writers from various civil society groups (under the CoDe REDD network), academe, research institutions, local government, and the DENR including its bureau representatives (Forest Management Bureau, Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau, Parks and Wildlife Bureau, NCIP, NAMRIA, etc.) (Pulhin, 2012)

• 01

Workshop 1- Nov 2009 –principles, results, components

Component workshop groups –Dec 2009-March 2010

Workshop 2 – March 2010Writeshop

Draft written up by an integratorApril 2010

National presentation – April 2010

Critique and review by experts, regional and sectoral consultations

DENR Approval/ Endorsement to CCCAugust 2010

National & Regional ConsultationsApril – Aug 2009

NRPS Action Planning & Budgeting September 2010- March 2011

Crafting of the PNRPS

Source: Evangelista, 2012.;PNRPS, 2011

PNRPS



• Empowered forestland managers and support groups sustainably and equitably managing forestlands and ancestral domains with enhanced carbon stock and reduced greenhouse gases emission.

Impact Areas:• Reduced forest degradation and

deforestation• Poverty alleviation• Biodiversity conservation and• Improved governance

Vision


PNRPS



• Care for the Earth and life in all its diversity

• Respect for human dignity• Encourage social responsibility• Attainment of social justice• Transparency and accountability• Empowerment through partnership and

collaboration

Values


PNRPS



• The Philippine Development Plan for 2008-2016 will implement the PNRPS under the Conservation, Protection and Rehabilitation of the Environment and Natural Resources.

• The Philippine Climate Change Commission (CCC) has approved the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) last November 22, 2011


PNRPS


Source: Evangelista, 2012.


Anticipated Timeline



Source: Evangelista, 2012.

•Carbon Ownership,•Potential conflicts•National emission

targets•Clear legal mandates

of REDD+ institutions•Social & environmental

safeguards

•Consult & engagestakeholders

•National multi-stakeholdercouncil

•Build on existing structures

•Benefit sharing schemes

•Permanent FLB•Watershed, ecosystem &

landscape planning•Land tenure and carbon

rights•Mgt. & enhancement of

carbon stocks•Sustainable mgt of

production forest•Population growth

•Drivers of deforestation and forest degradation•Science-based conservation intervention (legislation,incentive, capacity-building)•REDD+ research agenda (policy, social science & carbon cycles)

•Communication plan•Consultations & dialogues•Training programs•REDD+ community of

practitioners

•National-level MRV system complemented by sub-national MRV•Reference emission levels•Community-based accounting•Guidelines for non-carbon

reviews•Increase capacities for current

and future requirements of MRV

•Proposals for voluntary funding•Explore long-term financing schemes•Diverse fund management•Capitalize on existing national capacities and resources

Seven Major Components

EnablingPolicy

Governance R&DResearch

AndDevelopment

Capacity Building

and Communicatio

n

RUAM(Resource

Use, Allocation

& Mgt)

MRVMeasurement

ReportingAnd

Verification

SF

SustainableFinancing

PNRPS


REDD+ pilot sites

Sierra Madre Pilot Site

Palawan

Luzon

Mindanao

Visayas

GIZ

Source of slide: Fauna & Flora International, 2012

REDD+ pilot sites in the Philippines1. Forest Policy and Piloting REDD measures through DENR with

support from BMU/GIZ. (Southern Leyte, Leyte Island)

• Area is around 318.48 sq. km• Implementers: GIZ, DENR-FMB• Activities: reforestation, forest resource inventory, Measuring,

Reporting,Verification (MRV), carbon stocktaking, REDD demonstration, Socio-economic baselining, capacity building

• Expected carbon benefits: 35,000 tons avoided carbon emission (forest protection) +7,000 tons/year (ANR, reforestation, agroforestry

Source: Pulhin, F., 2012.College of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOS BANOS

2. . Advancing Development of Victoria-Anepahan Communities and Ecosystems through REDD (ADVANCE REDD). The Project is funded by European Union Delegation (Narra & Quezon Palawan, Victoria-Anepahan Range) through NTFP-EP

• Area is about 25,000 sq.km. • Implementers: NTFP-TF, FFI, NATRIPAL, Institute for the

Development of Education and Ecological Alternatives (IDEAS), Municipality of Quezon, Palawan

• Activities: Trainings and orientations, capacity building of LGUs, IPs

• Carbon benefits: not yet estimated• Co benefits: Enterprise and infrastructure development aid

REDD+ pilot sites in the Philippines


3. Sierra Madre Mountain Range Community Carbon Pools Programme (C2P2) through FFI, NTFP-TF, Team Energy Foundation (General Nakar, Quezon)

• Area is about 164,000 ha• Pressure and threats observed before the implementation of in the

area include timber poaching, charcoal making is very rampant, Slash and burn farming (Kaingin farms)

• Implementers: Flora and Fauna International (FFI), Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP), National Commission on Indigenous People (NCIP), TCD, SAGIBIN-LN

• Main activities are: enrichment planting, forestation, agroforestry, capacity building of stakeholders, trainings and continuous consultation with the local communities

• Benefits: carbon not yet estimated, biodiversity as KBAs will be conserved and protected, livelihood for local communities

REDD+ pilot sites in the Philippines


4. Quirino Protected Landscapes

Project Area

Covers 277 hectares of CBFMA farms located in Nagtipunan and Maddela Quirino within the protected area


Implementers: Conservation International (CI), Palacian Economic Development Association Inc. (PEDAI), DENR, Local government units of Maddela and Nagtipunan; Provincial LGU, moreTrees, Inc. (Japan‐based organization)

Project components: Reforestation：155 ha; Agroforestry：22 ha

Expected carbon benefits: 31,771 tCO2e over its 23 years lifespan



5. Philippine Penablanca Sustainable Reforestation Project


• Located in municipality of Peñablanca, Cagayan; within the Peñablanca Protected Landscape and Seascape, covering barangays Cabasan, Bugatay, Sisim, San Roque, and Mangga

• Area: 2,943 ha• Implementers: Conservation International (CI),

Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC), DENR, Local Government of Peñablanca

• Activities: reforestation and enhancement planting (1,800 ha); agroforestry (700 ha)


• Carbon benefits: 362,920 tCO2e through avoided emissions and additional sequestration over the 30 year project length

• Co benefit: additional source of income from reforestation activities and sale of fruits


1. External support is essential2. Local participation is critical3. Free and prior informed consent

(FPIC)4. Training of stakeholders5. Sustainability6. National laws and forest policies7. Biodiversity benefits as integral part of

REDD+8. Use of Safeguards

Lessons Learned from early experiences of REDD+ in the Philippines)


Source: Lasco et al, 2013

Carandang, A.P. 2012. “Forest Status” Presentation during the 64th Anniversary Convention of the SFFI in Subic Bay, Sept. 19-21, 2012.

Evangelista, R.S. 2012. “Philippine National REDD+ Strategy”Presentation in Seoul Korea, Sept. 3, 2012.

Lasco, R.D. 2013. “Lessons from REDD+ in the Philippines”Presentation during the REDD+Governance Workshop in UPLB January 20-30, 2013.

Philippine National REDD-Plus Strategy (PNRPS). REDD Primer. 2011. http://ntfp.org/coderedd/the-philippines-national-redd-plus-strategy

Pulhin, F. B. 2013.”Forestry Programs in the Philippines: REDD+” Presentation during the Special Course on Tropical Forest Conservation for SNU Students, TREES-UPLB, January 11- February 4, 2013.

• 01

References:


• 01

Thank you!


in the philippines - bogor agricultural...

Documents