in the preterite, -ir verbs like preferir, pedir, and dormir also have stem changes but only in the...
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In the preterite, -ir verbs like preferir, pedir, and dormir also have stem changes but only in the Ud. /él/ella and Uds./ellos/ellas forms. In these forms e changes to i and o changes to u.
Mi mamá se aburrió y se durmió durante la película.Mis padres prefirieron ver el concurso de belleza.En la liga compitieron los mejores equipos de México.
Preterite of -ir stem-changing verbs
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dormir (o u)
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• Note the special spelling of the preterite forms of reír: reí, reíste,rió, reímos, reísteis, rieron
Here are other -ir verbs with stem changes in the preterite tense.
• Verbs like preferir: divertirse, mentir, sentirse• Verbs like pedir: competir, despedirse, repetir,seguir, servir, vestirse• Verbs like dormir: morir• Verbs like reír: sonreír
Preterite of -ir stem-changing verbs
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Other reflexive verbs use reflexive pronouns and verbforms but do not have the meaning of a person doing anaction to or for himself or herself. These reflexive verbsoften describe a change in mental, emotional, or physicalstate, and can express the idea that someone “gets” or“becomes.”
Other reflexive verbs
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Se durmieron durante la película.Se puso alegre después de ganar.
Other reflexive verbs
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Regional variations of ll / y and c / z
The majority of Spanish speakers do not distinguish between ll and y, pronouncing both like y in the English word yes. Listen to and say these words and sentences as the majority of Spanish speakers would:
rodilla joyas cepillo rayasllamar sellosTiene que llevar un yeso.La calle está cerca de la playa.
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Regional variations of ll / y and c / z
Note, however, that the pronunciation of lland y varies around the Spanish-speakingworld. In Argentina and Uruguay, ll and yare pronounced like the s in the Englishword measure. In other countries, the ll ispronounced with a hint of an l, much likethe English word million, but a bit softer.
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Regional variations of ll / y and c / z
Listen to and say the words and sentencesabove again, first as a speaker fromArgentina or Uruguay would pronouncethem, and then as many other Spanishspeakers would.
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Regional variations of ll / y and c / z
Enjoy this children’s riddle from Mexico:
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Regional variations of ll / y and c / z
In Latin America and parts of Spain, cbefore e and i, and z before a vowel arepronounced like the s in sink. In someparts of Spain, however, these letters arepronounced like the th in think.
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Regional variations of ll / y and c / z
Listen to and say the following words asmost Spaniards would pronounce them:
cierto dice bronce ciclismo conciertobelleza abrazo azúcar buzón comenzar
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Regional variations of ll / y and c / z
¡Compruébalo! Try this tongue twisterabout a cat: