INAP ConferenceINAP ConferenceItaly- Turin 17-18 September 20079Italy- Turin 17-18 September 20079

Transition to employment of apprenticeship after graduation

Obstacles in Syria 

Eng.Anton AljouniHRM/D Freelance consultant

Yomna Dallal Bashi Apprenticeship Data Base

Manager 

SyriaSyria

Aleppo

Hama

Homs

Population

22,331,000

Area

18,517,971[ hectares]

Economic Environment

Ongoing transfer process to Socio-Market Economy

AgendaAgenda

Introduction Introduction 1) Employment Process in Syria1) Employment Process in Syria 2) Analysis of apprentices 2) Analysis of apprentices

employment processemployment process 3) Restriction and obstacles for 3) Restriction and obstacles for

suitable employmentsuitable employment 4) Results and Proposals4) Results and Proposals

IntroductionIntroduction

The apprentices employment in Syria after 9 The apprentices employment in Syria after 9 years is that the rate of employed years is that the rate of employed

apprentices from total graduates is very lowapprentices from total graduates is very low

This paper tries to analyzeThis paper tries to analyze

the obstacles of apprenticesthe obstacles of apprentices

in the transition to employment.in the transition to employment.

A set of indicators will be discussed which A set of indicators will be discussed which help to specify the obstacles ofhelp to specify the obstacles of

apprenticeship employment processapprenticeship employment process

1) Employment Process in 1) Employment Process in SyriaSyria

Informal “Traditional Apprenticeship”

Typical type of traditional apprenticeship

in MEDA region

Mainly in Informal Industrial sector and

other economic sectors (Construction,

Tourism, Agriculture,..)

No statistics about this type of learning

1) Employment 1) Employment Process in SyriaProcess in Syria

Government employment offices

Queue

Job Fairs

Private employment offices

Random employment

Poor relations with private sector ,

Central decisions Bureaucracy

Confidential, Free service, Public sector employment, Career

guidance service, Social aspects, Huge

database.

1) Employment 1) Employment Process in SyriaProcess in Syria

limited to 2 governorates only ,

in some cases high cost

direct relation between employer

and job seeker, organised process,

short time.

1) Employment 1) Employment Process in SyriaProcess in Syria

Not well organised, non-legislative,

charged service, hasn’t career guidance

service, hasn’t social aspect.

Flexibility, try to have a good

responsiveness to private sector .

1) Employment 1) Employment Process in SyriaProcess in Syria

2) Analysis of 2) Analysis of apprentices apprentices employment processemployment process

Damascus

The table shows the law percentage of employed graduates which is 24%.

2) Analysis of 2) Analysis of apprentices apprentices employment processemployment process

Some students are employed and are studying in university or intermediate institute at the same time so they counted twice

Aleppo

2) Analysis of 2) Analysis of apprentices apprentices employment processemployment process

Aleppo

Some students are employed and are studying in university or intermediate institute at the same time so they counted twice

2) Analysis of 2) Analysis of apprentices apprentices employment processemployment process

The figures show low rate of employment for apprenticeship graduates, it is 24% in Damascus, 17.5% in Aleppo, 5.5% in Homs,in average it is about 15.6%

2) Analysis of 2) Analysis of apprentices apprentices employment processemployment process

obstacles for suitable employment

3) Restriction and 3) Restriction and obstacles for suitable obstacles for suitable employmentemployment

Arab Free Trade Agreement, Turkish-Syrian free trade agreementimporting clothing products from China

decrease in demand for clothing industry workers

affects adversely the private sector willing to participate in appren

Most of apprentices try to postpone their work decision by enrolling into industrial institutes years

Female employees ratio in industrial private sector is 4,64 % and in public one 11,38%

Most parents prefer follow–up higher education because this improves the public sector employment, and improve social image

3) Restriction and 3) Restriction and obstacles for suitable obstacles for suitable employmentemployment

The political situation has led to the existence of compulsory military service for males at the termination of their education

most young people seek to extend the periods of education

Employer refusing to support the system in training student .

Training contract is just a training contract without any legislative force to employment,years

influence negatively the effectiveness of apprenticeship system.

(Unfair) current labour law and absent of effective security insurance legalization ,

3) Restriction and 3) Restriction and obstacles for suitable obstacles for suitable employmentemployment

The effectiveness of of graduates’ employment in apprenticeship companies or

others is very low

There are a lot of factors influences the employment process and the employment

rate

The factors which apprenticeship can deal with

is restricted to, that which apprenticeship partners can influence on.

44 ) )Results and ProposalsResults and ProposalsRESULTSRESULTS

limit the percentage of higher education after secondary school by 25-30% from total graduates

Introduction of a two-year ‘supervised employment’serve in the army according to the profession

Use of careers advisorAwareness events to apprentices and their parents about private sector.Awareness events to employers about HRM/D,

Introducing a training/employment contract that should be used in addition to the existing training contract in a flexible way

44 ) )Results and ProposalsResults and ProposalsPROPOSALSPROPOSALS

Apprenticeship authorities has to build a relationship with government employment office and private employment office, also with NGO’s like SYEA(SAYRIA

ENTERPRENURE ACCOISTATION) to recognise apprenticeship graduates, and to help apprentices seeking jobs. All of these proposals will be effective if implemented in parallel.

44 ) )Results and ProposalsResults and Proposals

THANK YOUTHANK YOU