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Draft Initial Environmental Examination

November 2011

IND: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism — Project 2: Uttarakhand Prepared by the Government of Uttarakhand for the Asian Development Bank.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

(as of 15 September 2011) Currency unit – Rupee (INR)

INR1.00 = $0.02098 $1.00 = INR 47.65

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB - Asian Development Bank ASI - Archaeological Survey of India CPCB - Central Pollution Control Board CRZ - Coastal Regulation Zone DoT - Department of Tourism DSC - Design and Supervision Consultants EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EMP - Environmental Management Plan GMVN - Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nagam IEE - Initial Environmental Examination KMVN - Kumaon Mandal Vikas Nagam NGO - Non-government Organization PIU - Project Implementation Unit PMU - Project Management Unit RCC - Reinforced cement concrete ROW - Right-of-way SPS - Safeguard Policy Statement TA - Technical Assistance TRH - Tourist Rest House UEPPB - Uttarakhand Environment Protection and Pollution Board UTDB - Uttarakhand Tourism Development Board

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

ha – Hectare km – kilometer m – Meter

NOTES

(i) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. (ii) ―INR‖ and ―Rs‖ refer to Indian rupees

This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the

Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

I. INTRODUCTION 1

A. Background 1 B. Purpose of the IEE 1 C. Environmental Regulatory Compliance 2 D. Report Structure 5

II. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT COMPONENTS 5

A. Components of the Subproject 5 B. Implementation Schedule 10

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 10

A. Environmental Profile – Uttarakhand 10 B. Ecological Resources and Biodiversity – Uttarakhand 13 C. Economic Resources 15 D. Social and Cultural Resources 16 E. Environmental Profile – Component Specific 18

IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 23

A. Land Acquisition and Resettlement 23 B. Environmental Impacts 23

V. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 39

A. Institutional Arrangements 39 B. Environmental Monitoring Plan 42 C. Capacity Building 43 D. Environmental Budget 45 E. Environmental Monitoring and Reporting 45

VI. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 46

A. Process for Consultation followed 46 B. Plan for Continued Public Participation 47 C. Grievance Redress Mechanism 48

VII. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 49

VIII. CONCLUSIONS 49

APPENDIXES 1. Contract Clauses to be Integrated into Bid Documents 51 2. Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist 55 3. Environmental Management Plan Template 58 4. Environmental Monitoring Format 75 5. Sample Grievance Registration Form 76

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. The India Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism (the Investment Program) envisages environmentally and culturally sustainable and socially inclusive tourism development in the project states of Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand, delivered through a multi-tranche financing facility (MFF) modality. Project 2 includes the states of Uttarakhand and Tamil Nadu. 2. This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) assesses Project 2 subprojects for the state of Uttarakhand. The IEE was based on a careful review of subproject site plans and reports; approved management plans for protected areas; field visits, and secondary data to characterize the environment and identify potential impacts; and interviews and discussions with stakeholders. An environmental management plan (EMP) outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during implementation of the subproject has been prepared. Subprojects will provide needed environmental and tourist infrastructure to improve the environmental management and quality of the sites towards preserving their ecological and cultural integrity. The subproject will conform to all Government regulations, policies, and standards, as well as Asian Development Bank‘s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). 3. The selection of components are consistent with the subproject selection criteria outlined in the Environmental Assessment and Review Framework (EARF) aimed at enhancing protection of these sites and enhancing their environmental quality. Subprojects in Protected areas in Asan Barrage are consistent with defined management plans designed to protect environmentally sensitive and cultural locations. Management Plan for Asan Conservation Reserve (2009-10 to 2013-14) guided subproject design and location. All proposed facilities are located outside sensitive areas and sited in designated tourist development zones and located away from the interference-free sub-zone of 206 hectares defined in the management plan.. 4. The project design incorporates the views of primary and secondary stakeholders including local communities and local officials who were all meaningfully consulted during IEE and project preparation. 5. The Project 2 includes additional environmental awareness-building to raise conservation values consistent with management plans and Uttarakhand‘s environmental and tourism policies (which emphasize adventure and ecotourism) amongst local communities and local governments in order to ensure future sustainable development in and around these locations. 6. The environmental impacts of the project are therefore not significant and at Category B level, as per ADB's Safeguards Policy Statement. The specific measures stated in the EMP will address all adverse environmental impacts due to the subproject. Impacts are readily mitigated through careful siting, specific selection criteria for procuring contractors with demonstrated experience; execution of proven mitigation measures during the design; and adoption of good engineering practices during construction and implementation. A detailed monitoring plan prepared as part of this IEE will further mitigate negative environmental impacts during implementation. 7. Potential induced impacts are addressed through the following: (i) awareness-building of local management plans at proposed sites specifically addressing the need to regulate tourism related development and planning in the area through coordination with related government departments and local land use committees; and (ii) project-supported environmental

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awareness campaigns in surrounding communities to encourage participatory sustainable development consistent with eco-tourism principles and in compliance with the state's tourism policy ecotourism aspects. 8. The Project 2 includes upfront and ongoing supervision and training assistance for environmental monitoring reporting in project management structures. The effective implementation of the measures proposed will be ensured through the building up of capacity towards environmental management within the project management unit (PMU) supplemented with the technical expertise of a Safeguards Specialist as part of the Design Supervision Consultants (DSC) and Project Management Consultants (PMC). Further, the environmental monitoring plans provide adequate opportunities towards course correction to address any residual impacts during construction or operation stages. 9. Category B is proposed for this subproject for the following reasons:

(i) No significant impacts are expected as subprojects are characterized by small-scale improvements (e.g., picnic areas, toilet facilities, rehabilitation of tourist welcome/info centers, etc.) which will improve environmental management and quality of infrastructure at tourist destinations. (ii) No natural or critical habitats or sensitive ecological areas will be impacted. Although one subproject is located in a legally protected area (Asan Barrage Community Reserve), subprojects are located outside ecologically sensitive areas and are consistent with defined protected area management plans that prescribe conservation zones where no activity is allowed. Therefore, the subprojects are consistent with ADB SPS for conserving biodiversity by (i) avoiding natural and critical habitats; (ii) ensuring consistency with defined protected area management plans; and (iii) implementing additional capacity building, awareness raising, and training programs for livelihood development and protected area conservation for the sustainable management of these areas. (iii) Subprojects do not endanger heritage or archaeological resources, and further precautions taken under the Project include: (i) Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to review/clear all designs and supervise all works for the two ASI heritage sites; (ii) heritage and conservation specialists of the consultant teams to do the same; (iv) ASI-certified contractors with proven track record for working in heritage sites to be selected; (v) archaeological impact assessment required prior to works; and (vi) chance find procedures incorporated into the EMP further ensure that impacts are avoided. (iv) All subprojects were prepared in consultation with primary and secondary stakeholders where no objections were raised and inputs were incorporated into project designs. (v) The Project makes special provisions for environmental training and education to promote biodiversity conservation through participatory approaches with local communities. (vi) Induced impacts are addressed through the Project by supporting the implementation of management plans and state eco-tourism policies which support low-impact site and regional development. The state Forest Departments and Tourism Departments oversee these plans and policies. The Project‘s capacity building component works at two levels: (i) strengthening the capacity of state government implementing agencies at both their headquarters and branch divisions to implement these plans; and (ii) raising awareness and capacity to implement these plans at the community level targeting NGOs, community based organizations, and local government bodies. Capacity building will emphasize coordinated efforts amongst these different

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level stakeholders and will include joint activities to build partnerships. (vii) Induced impacts are also addressed through loan covenants that ensure implementation of relevant protected area management plans, government policies, and regulatory controls (such as waste management, etc.). (viii) Monitoring of civil works will be done by specialists on the supervision consultant team and relevant state and central government agencies.

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Background

1. The proposed Project 2 (the Project) targets enhanced economic growth and provision of livelihood opportunities for local communities through tourism infrastructure development with a focus on preservation and development of natural and cultural heritage and incidental services. The Project supports the states of Uttarakhand and Tamil Nadu to develop the tourism sector as a key driver for economic growth. 2. The Project aims to enhance contribution of the tourism industry to sustainable and inclusive economic growth for each participating state. Increased visits of domestic and international tourists to tourist destinations within each participating state would be the outcome of the Project. 3. The outputs of the Project are:

Component 1: Urban Infrastructure and Service Improvement (i) World class infrastructure comprising of gardens, fountains and water sports

developed along the banks of Ganga Canal at Haridwar; (ii) Tourist facilities at Parichay and Naukuchiyatal lake upgraded and developed; (iii) Tourist support infrastructure at Pithoragarh improved; (iv) Tourist facilities developed at Hanol Temple, Tiger Falls, Deoban, Lakhamandal

and Tree Samadi; (v) 9 Adventure tourism centers established across the state; and (vi) North Corbett entry point improved.

Component 2: Improved connectivity (i) Walk-way at Asan Barrage; and (ii) Trek trail connecting Pithoragarh to Chandak.

Component 3: Quality Enhancement of Natural and Cultural Attractions (i) Water sports tourism facility developed at Asan Barrage Dehradun; (ii) Jagjit-pur/ Silt ejector canal at Haridwar improved; (iii) Pithoragarh Fort conserved; and (iv) Naukuchiyatal lake Ameliorated.

Component 4: Greater participation by local communities Component 5: Capacity Development, Community Participation and Project Management

B. Purpose of the IEE

4. This IEE assesses the environmental impacts due to the proposed subprojects proposed in Uttarakhand and specifies measures towards addressing the impacts. The IEE was based on a review of subproject site plans and reports; field visits, and secondary data to characterize the environment and identify potential impacts; and interviews and discussions with stakeholders. An EMP outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during implementation of the subproject has been prepared. During the detailed design stage, the IEE/EMP will be further updated and stand-alone EMPs for each of the procurement packages prepared. These

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EMPs will be appended to the respective contract documents to enable integration of environmental provisions in the contract. The IEE goes further and provides sample contract clauses (Appendix 1) to be added to contract documents. 5. In accordance with ADB‘s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009), the project is Category B as no significant impacts are envisioned. C. Environmental Regulatory Compliance

6. The realm of environmental regulations and mandatory requirements for the proposed subproject is shown in Table 1.The EIA Notification (2006) by the Government of India Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) specifies the mandatory environmental clearance requirements. Accordingly, all projects and activities are broadly categorized in to two categories1 - Category A and Category B, based on the spatial extent of potential impacts and potential impacts on human health and natural and man-made resources.

Table 1: Environmental Regulatory Compliance Subproject Applicability of Acts/Guidelines Compliance Criteria

Tourist facilities at Asan Barrage in Dehradun District

Tourist facilities on Yamuna heritage circuit in Dehradun District: (i) Tiger Falls in ; (ii) Deoban in ; (iii) Mahasu Temple in Hanol District ; (iv) Tree Samadi; and (v) Lakhamandal.

Tourist facilities upgraded at Naukuchiyatal and Parichay in Nainital District

Visitor facilities at Most Manu temple in Pithoragarh District

Adventure centres/ sports facilities developed at 9 locations (i) Asan Barrage – Dakpathar (Dehradun district); (ii) Bimtal (Naini Tal district): (iii) Haripura (Udhamsingh Nagar district); (iv) Kotdwar (Pauri Garhwal district)???;

The EIA Notification (2006 and its subsequent amendments in 2009) provides for categorization of projects into category A and B, based on extent of impacts.

These subprojects are not covered in the ambit of the EIA notification as they are not covered either under Category A or Category B of the notification. As a result, the categorization, and the subsequent environmental assessment and clearance requirements, either from the state or the Government is not triggered.

ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, (2009)

Categorization of subproject components into A, B or C and developing required level of environmental assessment for each component.

IEE for projects categorized as B

The Wildlife Conservation Act (1972, amended in 2003 and 2006) provides for protection and management of Protected Areas.

All activities in Asan Barrage are in line with the Asan Barrage Conservation Reserve Management Plan approved by the State Forest Department. Taking up of activities (proposed tourist infrastructures and amenities) in line with the management plan shall be after approval from the

1 All projects or activities included as Category A in the Schedule, including expansion and modernization of existing

projects or activities and change in product mix, will require prior environmental clearance from the Central Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) on the recommendations of an Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) to be constituted by the Central Government for the purposes of this notification. All projects or activities included as Category B in the Schedule, including expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities as specified in sub paragraph (ii) of paragraph 2, or change in product mix as specified in sub paragraph (iii) of paragraph 2, but excluding those which fulfil the General Conditions (GC) stipulated in the Schedule, will require prior environmental clearance from the State/Union territory Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). The SEIAA will base its decision on the recommendations of a State or Union territory level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) as to be constituted for in this notification. In addition, GC of the notification specifies that any project or activity specified in Category B will be treated as Category A, if located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of (i) protected Areas notified under the Wild Life Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) critically polluted areas as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time, (iii) notified eco-sensitive areas, and (iv) inter-State boundaries and international boundaries.

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Subproject Applicability of Acts/Guidelines Compliance Criteria

(v) Pathri power house (Haridwar district); (vi) Raipur (Dehradun district); (vii) Piran kaliyar (Haridwar district) ; (viii) Pithoragarh (Pithoragarh district) and (ix) Mori (Dehradun district)

Tourist facilities for North Corbett entry point at Kotdwar in Pauri Garhwal District

World-class water sports facilities at old Ganga canal in Haridwar District;

Canal/silt ejector improvement at Jagjitpur in Haridwar District

Conservation of Pithoragarh Fort in Pithoragarh District

Ameliorisation of Naukuchiyatal Lake in Nainital District

Chief Wildlife Warden, Forest Department, Uttarakhand.

No trees will be cut during preparation of sites. However if tree-cutting is necessary, then a tree cutting permit will be obtained from the State Forest Department prior to construction.

The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958, and the rules, 1959 provide guidance for carrying out activities, including conservation, construction and reuse in and around the protected monuments.

Archaeological survey of proposed sites to be carried out to rule out any impacts on archaeological remains, prior to initiation of construction

According to this Act, area within radii of 100m and 300m from the ―protected property‖ are designated as ―protected area‖ and ―controlled area‖ respectively. No development activity (including building, mining, excavating, blasting) is permitted in the ―protected area‖ and development activities likely to damage the protected property are not permitted in the ―controlled area‖ without prior permission of Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).

ASI will oversee all works on their sites under the project to ensure works meet their standards. Permits for excavation, construction in the proposed subproject locations will be obtained by the executing agency prior to tendering of works.

Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act (1974)

Consent for Establishment (CFE) and Consent for Operation (CFO) from the Uttarakhand Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Board (UEPPCB) for all subprojects requiring, setting up of hot mix plants, wet mix plants, stone crushers and diesel generators. To be obtained by the Contractor, prior to construction.

Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act (1981)

7. The above table indicates that the proposed subproject will comply with necessary government regulations and ADB's Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). It stipulates addressing environmental concerns, if any, of a proposed activity in the initial stages of project preparation. For this, the ADB guidelines categorize the proposed components into categories (A, B or C) to determine the level of environmental assessment2 required to address the potential impacts. The subproject has been categorized as B. Accordingly this IEE is prepared to address the potential impacts, in line with the recommended IEE content and structure for Category B projects. The IEE was based mainly on secondary sources of information and field

2 Level of environmental assessment required for each category of Project, as per ADB‘s Safeguard Policy Statement

(2009) is as follows: (i) Category A. Subproject components with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts. An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is required to address significant impacts; (ii) Category B. Subproject components judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for Category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report. (iii) Category C. Sub-components unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are still reviewed.

http://asi.nic.in/pdf_data/6.pdf



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reconnaissance surveys and stakeholder consultations. Stakeholder consultation was an integral part of the IEE. An EMP outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during implementation of the subproject has been prepared. 8. The proposed interventions/activities in the existing tourism facilities in Asan Barrage are within a Conservation Reserve.3 The subproject selection criteria on Interventions/Projects in Protected Areas4 specify that all project elements within the Conservation Reserve shall not be in contradiction to the conservation objectives of the reserve, and are in line with the provisions of the management plan for the reserve. The subproject in Asan Barrage Conservation Reserve area is in accordance with the provisions of the management plan prepared by the State Forest Department and Wildlife Institute of India. Accordingly, the interventions/activities will be limited within the area of 5 hectares (ha) on the reservoir delineated as recreation sub-zone.5 The Chief Wildlife Warden has control over the Conservation Reserve and clearance is required to be obtained for the proposed interventions/activities. 9. The subproject is not covered in the ambit of the EIA notification. As a result, the categorization, and the subsequent environmental assessment and clearance requirements, either from the state or the Government is not triggered. 10. Consent for Establishment (CFE) and Consent for Operation (CFO) from the Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Board (UEPPCB) for all components requiring, setting up of hot mix plants, wet mix plants, stone crushers and diesel generators. To be obtained by the Contractor, prior to construction. 11. No Objection Certification from the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) will be obtained by the executing/implementing agencies prior to awards of civil works contract for the proposed component in the Yamuna Heritage Circuit. 12. If tree-cutting will be required during preparation of sites, permission will be obtained by the contractors from the State Forest Department prior to commencement of construction works.

3 As per Section 36A of the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2003, The State Government may, after having

consultations with the local communities, declare any area owned by the government, particularly the areas adjacent to National Parks and sanctuaries and those areas which link one protected area with another, as a Conservation Reserve for protecting landscapes, seascapes, flora and fauna and their habitat: The Asan Conservation Reserve (ACR) primarily comprises of a fresh water wetland system at the confluence of Asan river with Yamuna river near village Dhalipur in Dehradun district. It was declared as the first conservation reserve of the country on 5 August, 2005. The reserve is known for its wild biodiversity particularly avifaunal diversity owing to which it has also been identified as an important bird area (IBA).

4 EARF paras 55 to 57 on Requirements for Interventions/Projects in Protected Areas (Item 4).

5 The Asan Barrage Conservation Reserve Management Plan (20…) has designated three sub-zones within the main

management zone for Wildlife Tourism, Interpretation and Conservation Education. The sub-zones are: (i) Nature Watch Sub-Zone for protecting the natural environment and offer recreational opportunities characterized by a minimum of environmental impact and very few group encounters; (ii) recreational sub-zone for recreational and educational opportunities but with high concentrations of visitors. Only paddle/rowing boats would be permitted within this 5 hectare (ha) area of the reservoir; and (iii) conservation education sub-zone is an area of 5 ha in the Rampur Mandi reserved forest including the childrens' park, deer park, forestry training centre complex, interpretation centre, the forest rest house of Rampur Mandi and tourist. The general objective of this sub-zone is to offer educational and recreational opportunities within a relatively natural environment, with medium concentration of visitors.

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D. Report Structure

13. This IEE contains eight sections: (i) introduction; (ii) description of project components; (iii) description of the environment; (iv) environmental impacts and mitigation measures; (v) institutional requirements; (vi) public consultation and information disclosure; (vi) findings and recommendations; and (vii) conclusions.

II. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT COMPONENTS

A. Components of the Subproject

14. Table 2 provides a summary of each of the existing condition, need for the project and components proposed under this subproject

Table 2: Description of the Subproject Components Subproject Area Description Need of the Project Proposed Component(s)

Development of Tourist Facilities at Asan Barrage

Asan Barrage serves as a winter passage halt for trans-Himalayan migratory birds. The Asan Conservation Reserve (ACR) primarily comprises of a fresh water wetland system at the confluence of Asan river with Yamuna river near village Dhalipur in Dehradun district. It was declared as the first conservation reserve of the country on 5 August, 2005. The reserve is known for its wild biodiversity particularly avifaunal diversity owing to which it has also been identified as an important bird area (IBA). The Asan Barrage is managed by the Irrigation Department and some part of the land area has been given to Tourism Department in 1994. Since then, the Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nigam (GMVN) has developed the area for performing water sports and providing other facilities to the tourists. The different types of activities, performed at Asan Barrage are (i) water skiing; (ii) boating; (iii) rowing; (iv) kayaking; and (v) canoeing. An average 150 tourists are visiting Asan Barriage every day throughout the year.

A detailed assessment of existing situation reveals there is a need to enhance/ upgrade/ strengthen existing infrastructure to contribute the tourism industry to sustainable and inclusive economic growth of the state. The subproject aims to provide a sustainable framework and model for developing tourist facilities adjacent to important natural features. The Uttarakhand Tourist Board (UTB) has identified a site outside the bird sanctuary that would be suitable for the development of the ecotourism center plus protection infrastructure for the bird sanctuary. The UTB wishes to use the Barrage and its vicinity as a key staging point for tourists visiting the tourist attractions of the Yamuna Valley, and as a center for meeting the needs of travellers on NH 72.

(i) construction of log-huts, dormitories, parking lot; (ii) procurement of boats, equipment, bins, compactor truck, (iii) construction of 2 km wooden walkway (on existing pathway) with bird watching viewpoints and (iv) research and monitoring equipment (e.g., cameras) to monitor habitat quality and to provide educational system at the interpretation centre.

Tourist facilities on Yamuna Heritage Circuit The five

Tiger falls: The site is a

popular spot for weekend tourists seeking recreation and picnic experiences. At present there are no facilities available.

Tiger Falls: The site is a

popular spot for weekend tourists seeking recreation and picnic experiences. At present there are no facilities available.

Tiger Falls – construction of

carpark, bathing facilities, signage, toilet blocks, and upgrading of 1.5km access trail.

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Subproject Area Description Need of the Project Proposed Component(s)

destinations identified under Yamuna Heritage Circuit, are i) Tiger Falls ii) Deoban iii) Hanol iv) Lakhamandal and v) Tree Samadi.

It is accessible by road from with a 1.5 km walk to the bottom of the falls. Due to lack of facilities and bad access road, at present only 15 to 20 persons are visiting this place on an average per day. Deoban: The main attractions

is a 1 ha publicly owned meadow, an attractive water body, a highly scenic viewing point, and an adjacent nature reserve. The area is under the Forest Department. A forest guest house built in the 1950s is located at an altitude of 2,815 meters in a very picturesque setting. There is a need to renovate the existing forest guest house. Hanol: The Mahasu temple is

situated in the small village of Hanol. It is believed to be built in 9th Century AD in Huna architectural style. The constructions and modifications over the years, however, rendered it a mixed architecture. Situated on the southern banks of the Tons River, this temple is included in the list of important Ancient temples around Dehradun by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Tree Samadi at Mori. A

symbolic tree to local communities with folklore. Lakhamandal. It‘s main

attractions are its archaeological and religious assets as well as offering experiences of village life. There are around 150 stone engraved figures which were excavated, some dating from as early as 4th to 5th century A.D. S. The Shiv temple and its surrounding area are under the protection of ASI.

Deoban: The site is in a

strategic position on the Western Circuit as well as its linkage to the eastern Tribal Circuit in Himachal Pradesh to Rohru via Arakot on the border with Himachal Pradesh. There is a need to renovate the existing forest guest house. The area is also located in a very dramatic and highly scenic mountain and valley setting that makes it ideal for nature and cultural sightseeing and adventure-based tourism activities. Deoban‘s main selling points are its meadows (a one hectare of publicly owned meadow is available for tourism development), an attractive water body, a highly scenic viewing point, and an adjacent nature reserve. Hanol: There is a need to

improve the facilities around the temple area, provide and improve existing sanitation facilities, visitor infrastructure and access to the site. Tree Samdi: There are no

facilities available at this place. Lakhamandal: There is a

need to improve the existing facilities, develop infrastructure around the temple area, provide sanitation facilities, visitor infrastructure and access to the site.

Deoban – renovations to the

rest house, signage, landscaping, and rain water harvesting. Hanol – construction of

parking lot, toilet blocks, walkway, kitchen shed, ghat with bathing facilities, renovations to the existing rest house, and toilet blocks for the villagers. Tree Samadi – provision of

benches, signage, toilet blocks and information centre. Lakhamandal – construction

of kiosk, parking lot, gates, lighting, bins, drinking water facilities, pathway, toilet blocks and landscaping.

Tourist facilities at Naukuchiyatal

Naukuchiatal. The lake is

situated 25 km from Nainital and 4 km from Bhimtal, it is the deepest lake in the Lake district of Nainital with local folklore.

Tourist Rest Houses (TRH) in Naukuchiatal. There are

two TRH at Naukuchiatal: one is called Naukuchiyatal TRH and one is Parichay TRH which is an old British building.

Naukuchiyatal TRH –

extension of restaurant, renovation of toilets, bins, solar lights, floating walkway within the lake for a length of 150m

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Tourist Rest Houses (TRH) in Naukuchiatal. There are

two TRH at Naukuchiatal: one is called Naukuchiyatal TRH and one is Parichay TRH which is an old British building. Both TRHs are unable to cope up during the peak season demand of the tourists. The facilities are inadequate or have lived its age, requiring development/upgrade.

Both TRHs are unable to cope up during the peak season demand of the tourists. The facilities are inadequate or has lived its age, requiring the development/upgrade.

Parichay TRH – refurbishment

of the TRH, construction of log-huts, landscaping, benches, lighting, signage and bins Naukuchiyatal lake –

ameliorization with installation of 2.90 to 134 cubic feet per minute capacity aeration plants

Visitor facilities at Most Manu Temple

The white Manu temple is an often visited site in Pithoragarh. In it, is enshrined a powerful goddess known to bring rain to these mountains if properly invoked. There is also a large swing erected on the field at the base of a flight of steps leading to the temple. The place has poor environmental conditions and inadequate facilities such as water supply, sanitation, solid waste management, and drainage flood protection. The landscaping of the area is also not appropriate. The existing recreational facilities for children are also inadequate and in bad shape.

Chandak hill has scenic and pilgrimage values and great potential to develop as an aero sports activity destination. The hills of Chandak – the lower hill before Bajethi Top at a distance of 4 km from Pithoragarh, Bajethi Top/Bhagwati Mandir at a distance of 5 km from Pithoragarh (before the closed unit of Magnacite and Minerals factory), and the Chandak Top after 1 km trek on a Kutcha road from Chandak Market (which is 6 km from Pithoragarh) via Baker Resort/WirelessCentre with a further 250m climb on the same ridge. At a distance of 8 km from the main town, the hill of Chandak provides a panoramic view of Himalayan snow peaks extending from Trishul-Nanda Deviand Panchachuli Group to Mount Appi of Nepal. This hill also offers beautiful view of Suvalek valley. Trails are generally not well maintained and pleasant to walk • Erosion poses problems on steep trails or along trails that follow a contour line on a steep slope. Mosta God is a 2km trek away from the Mostmanu Temple Complex located on a lower hill of Chandak which is also 2km from the Chandak market. A fair is held every year in August-September in the temple complex. In the complex, a traditional large wooden Jhula is installed. About 35,000 persons are reported to attend the fair each year. Pedestrian access to the hill and basic facilities and

construction of boundary wall, fencing, pedestrian walkway, benches, lighting, signage, bins and drinking water facilities for the temple.

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infrastructure at the site are very poor. The place does not have proper facilities for tourists. The dates on which local festivals occur are not well-publicised for both domestic and international tourists, apart from it, the place have poor environmental conditions and inadequate facilities such as water supply, sanitation, solid waste management, and drainage flood protection. The landscaping of the area is also not appropriate. The existing recreational facilities for children are also inadequate and in bad shape.

Adventure centres/sports facilities developed at 9 locations in Uttarakhand.

Adventure/Sports Tourists: Ecotourism and recreational activities are available (e.g., environmental education, camping, boating).

A detailed assessment of situation reveals that Adventure tourism has become a great interest of the tourists due to rich natural environment in the state. The trekking, mountaineering skieng, yachting, kayaking, angling etc have become the main attraction of adventurism tourists. The establishment of Adventure Tourist Canters will contribute the tourism industry to sustainable and inclusive economic growth of the state. Increased visits of domestic and international tourists to tourist destinations in the state will fetch the revenue through the Investment Program.

Construction and establishment of the adventure centres along with procurement of furniture and sports equipment.

Tourist infrastructure developed for North Corbett entry point at Kotdwar,

The reserve has six access points and two entry gates which provide permit issuance facilities for entry into the reserve at Ramngar and Kotdwar. The entry around Kotdwar has received little if any additional livelihood from tourism while Ramngar has received much. Stakeholders are interested in seeing the same benefits at Kotdwar entry point.

About 11.1 acres of land is available in Kotdwar town for the development of eco resort and visitor facilitation centre. This land is under the ownership of GMVN and was used for their flush door factory. Presently most of the factory buildings have been demolished and only one office building remains near the entrance.

Construction of tourist visitor facilities (rest area) and information centre at Kotdwar entry point.

Improvement of Jagjitpur canal and construction of water sports facilities at Old Ganga Canal

Jagjitpur Canal. The canal

passes through urban area in a length of about 2.10 km. The canal is used to carry water for irrigation purpose to nearby villages. The ashrams and houses on either side of canal accommodates the pilgrims and tourists during heavy-

The Jagjitpur canal area is residential, on both sides of its bank there are Ashrams/houses and domestic tourists also visits to the Ashrams The canal having no side enclosures parapet/netted wire fencing) allows garbage to be thrown in. The section of

Jagjitpur canal/silt ejector - 2.1 km of canal re-lining, shoulder and ghat refurbishment; construction of parapet wall on both sides, and 5 pedestrian bridges, lighting, dustbins, wire fencing, landscaping and benches along the walkway.

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inflow seasons, moreover the residents of the area also used to walk along canal sides. The canal having no side enclosures parapet/netted wire fencing) allows garbage to be thrown in. Old Ganga Canal. A large

amount of barren land adjacent to the Pathri Power Station in possession of the Irrigation Department. The canal can be put to use for controlled water sports events. The adjoining barren land on one side of canal bank is also available for developing required infrastructure for providing essential amenities with proper landscaping.

the canal needs to be redesigned and land so reclaimed can be used for widening the road. The vacant land belonging to Irrigation Dept. can be utilised for recreational park and sitting facilities may also be provided to the visitors with provision of plantation and small pedestrian walk way along one side of canal. The beatification of the canal area will encourage tourists to visit the area. Haridwar being a gateway to Himalaya and pilgrim place attracts the tourist to large scale. The water sports have also became popular in these days, but there is no such facility in nearby destinations. A detailed assessment of situation reveals that water sport infrastructure will contribute the tourism industry to sustainable and inclusive economic growth of the state. The Old Ganga Canal downstream of Pathri Power House is in abounded state and has not been put to use for irrigation purpose, however the canal can be put to use for controlled water sports events. The adjoining barren land on one side of canal bank is also available for developing required infrastructure for providing essential amenities with proper landscaping.

Old Ganga canal – boulder pitching on canal embankment adjacent to facility, viewpoints , boat shed, landscaping, signage, lighting, bins

Conservation of Pittorgarh Fort

The Pithoragarh Fort is situated on the outskirts of the main town of Pithoragarh. This fort is set on the top of a hill, and built by the Gorkhas when they took over the town in 1789. The buildings and the ramparts are in an urgent need for conservation. The total length of the ramparts is about 90 meters with 4 meters thickness and height ranging from 3 to 5 meters. The complex comprises two enclosures with an inner wall which was possibly added later separating the residential building from the garrison. In the recent past an

The buildings and the ramparts are in an urgent need for conservation before they are completely obliterated by modern interventions. The complex could be put to an alternative a use as a cultural centre which could house interpretive material on the history of Pithoragarh and could be a tourist facilitation centre. The facilities of the open air theatre too need to be upgraded including lighting, visitor amenities and landscape development. Although no detailed development of the complex

Stabilization of fort ramparts, landscaping, renovation of amphitheatre, lighting and street furniture.

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amphitheatre like structure has been introduced below the entrance of the fort with a stage opposite. This is used for community functions especially during festivals like dusherra.

should proceed until an integrated plan for conservation and tourism management is prepared and relocation of existing government uses (Tehsil office and tehsildar residence) within the fort complex taken up in the subsequent years of the project, after consultations with the various agencies involved, due to the advanced deterioration of many of the structures, certain emergency structural stabilisation works could commence in the first year.

B. Implementation Schedule

15. Detailed design will begin by 2012 and is expected to be completed in 9 months. A total of 18 to 24 months construction period is being considered.

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

A. Environmental Profile – Uttarakhand

16. Uttarakhand became a separate state carved out of hill districts and sub Himalayan regions of Uttar Pradesh in the year 2000 and is the newly formed hill state in the Indian Himalayan Region. The geographical location (28°43' N to 31°27' N and 77°34' E to 81°02' E) resource setting of Uttarakhand is unique and shares its borders with China and Nepal. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region on the north, Nepal on the east and the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh to the south, Haryana to the west and Himachal Pradesh to the north west. There are 13 districts in Uttarakhand which are grouped into two divisions: Kumaon division and Garhwal division.6 17. Uttarakhand has a total geographic area of 51,125 km², of which 93% is mountainous and 64% is covered by forest. Most of the northern parts of the state are part of Greater Himalaya ranges, covered by the high Himalayan peaks and glaciers, while the lower foothills were densely forested. The difference in altitude between the lowest parts and the highest part (snow peaks of Nandadevi) is almost 7,000 meters.

Climate

18. The climate of Uttarakhand is sharply demarcated in case of its two distinct divisions: the predominant hilly terrain and the smaller plain region. The climate in the northern part of Uttarakhand is typically Himalayan. This mountain range itself exerts an appreciable extent of influence on monsoon and rainfall patterns. Within the Himalayas, climate differs depending on altitude and position. Climate ranges from subtropical in the southern foothills, averaging summer temperatures of about 30°C and winter temperatures of about 18°C. Warm temperate

6 The Kumaon division includes six districts: (i) Almora, (ii) Bageshwar, (iii) Champawat, (iv) Nainital, (v) Pithoragarh,

and (vi) Udham Singh Nagar. The Garhwal division includes seven districts: (i) Dehradun; (ii) Haridwar; (iii) Tehri Garhwal; (iv) Uttarkashi; (v) Chamoli; (vi) Pauri Garhwal (commonly known as Garhwal); and (vii) Rudraprayag.

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conditions prevail in the Middle Himalayan valleys, with summer temperatures usually hovering about the mark of 25° C and cooler winters. Cool temperate conditions dominate the higher areas of the Middle Himalayas, where the summer temperatures are usually around 15 to 18°C and winters drop below the freezing point. At altitudes over 4,880 m (16,000 feet), the climate is bitterly cold with temperatures consistently below the freezing point and the area perennially shrouded in snow and ice. The eastern flanks of the Himalayan ranges are subject to heavy rainfall while the western section is relatively dry.

Geology and Topography

19. The continuing evolution of the Himalayas is reflected in Uttarakhand‘s seismicity and active land movements. The global geo-tectonic environment has left a strong imprint on the region and is continually altering it to present dynamic landforms and distinct changes that are not only restricted to Uttarakhand but to the entire Himalayan-Indo-Gangetic region of India and continuum of mountain along Hindu Kush Himalayas. Most of Uttarakhand is hilly, except the districts of Haridwar, Udhamsingh Nagar, and part of Dehradun. 20. The southernmost zone is the Foothills fault that is all along the foot of the Shiwalik hills. This is not a single fault extending throughout but a series of overlapping and sometime interlacing faults across which the land mass has moved significantly. The relative movement between the plains and the Shiwaliks can be seen from the perspective of the hundreds of meters of alluvial material that has accumulated with a thickness of over 500 m and the heights of nearly 1,600 m attained by these hills. This continual upheaval and burial has brought about a unique physiographic situation in the region south of the Shiwaliks. Figure 1 shows the general topography of Uttarakhand.

Figure 1: Schematic Diagram of Uttarakhand Topography

Source: Uttarakhand State of the Environment Report (2004)

21. The streams of Shiwalik form a system of coalescing alluvial fans and cones due to their high gradient and dramatic decline in slope. The zone close to the hills, called Bhabbar, is almost wholly comprised of boulders and conglomerates, and is highly permeable. The streams lose their watercourse into this zone and are mostly seen as dry beds of boulders. During monsoons these stream flow as torrents for very short durations. The streams, which lose their course in the Bhabbar, reappear as springs marking the northern edge of the Terai. The Bhabbar belt is 7 to 15 km wide, and away from the Shiwalik hills, it grades into a 10 to 40 km wide belt of Terai.The Terai belt immediately to the south of the Bhabbar is composed of the fine material at the edge of the fans and cones. This is often marshy with very shallow ground water levels and water bodies.

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22. The Duns (Doon valleys) are longitudinal valleys formed between the northern slopes of the Shiwaliks and the southern slope of the first ranges of the Lesser Himalayas. The Dehradun is the best pronounced of these valleys and is nearly 100 km long with a maximum width of about 45 km. As we proceed eastward the valleys become smaller in dimension. The Duns are composed of gravels, conglomerates, sand and silt and form excellent groundwater aquifers. 23. Beyond the Duns is the Lesser Himalayas which forms a belt largely comprised of meta-sediments. The Lesser Himalayas have numerous thrust sheets that move older rocks above the younger ones to great distances resulting to inverted stratigraphy. The Lesser Himalayas attain a maximum height of around 3,500 m. 24. The Higher Himalayas or the `Himadri‘, in which lies the zone of permanent snow, attains a maximum of nearly 8,000 m. Mount Everest is in the eastern continuation of this zone. The rocks are crystalline in nature and are often called the Central Crystallines. The Indus Suture Zone separates the Higher Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau, which is the physical expression of the co-joining of the two large continental masses. The rocks here are marine sedimentaries with fossils.

Soils

25. The soils in the Uttarakhand are alluvial, riverine, non-calcerous to moderately calcareous soils, and have been carved out by the fast flowing rivers draining the Himalayas. Limited distribution of red soil is also found in the Garhwal region. Forest soils, which occur under coniferous and deciduous forest in the Shiwaliks and lower Himalayas, are rich in organic matter. Himalayan foothill/Terai soil is found along a narrow zone in the foothills. Dabar soils or mountain/hill soils is the collective terminology used for various types of soils occurring at very high elevations, under a wide range of forest types. 26. The soil erosion map for India indicates soil erosion rate of 20 tons per hectare per year (tons/ha/year) in Uttarakhand. The maximum erosion of >80 tons/ha/year) occurs in the regions adjoining Shiwalik range. The degradation rate in some parts of plains of Udhamsingh Nagar and Haridwar is slightly lower (nearly 5 tons/ha/year). Soil erosion is more in regions lying in Himachal Pradesh where mining activities have been taking place from long. Soil erosion rates in the lower and middle hill districts of Uttarakhand are also approximately 5 tons/ha/year; in some areas they are lower due to the presence of dense forests.

Drainage

27. Most of the perennial rivers are snow fed and originate in the Tibetan plateau or the Himadris. Most rivers form part of the Garhwal Himalayas, the drainage system of which falls under: (i) the Ganga System; (ii) the Yamuna System; and (iii) the Ramganga System.

Land Use

28. Forest land is the major land use in the hills of Uttarakhand and the forest department is the sole owner of the forest land. A clear distinction can be made between land use patterns in the hill and the plain districts in terms of net area sown, barren land, culturable waste, permanent pastures. Some of these classifications show degradation in the upland lowland ecosystems and the others indicate the important role certain land use(s) play in maintaining the ecological balance. For example, the culturable waste land and fallow lands are generally lands

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left fallow temporarily to regain soil fertility. The districts of Pauri Garhwal, Chamoli and Rudraprayag have considerable percentage of barren and fallow lands probably because of the cultivation practices. A mere 10% of the area is sown in the hill districts, given the constraints of irrigation and physiography; whereas the sown area in plain districts is more than five times that of hills.

Surface Water

29. The river systems demarcate the boundaries with neighboring states of Himachal Pradesh, separated by Tons River in the northwest, and Kali River separating it from Nepal in the eastern region. Tons is formed by two rivers the Rupin and Supin with their confluence at Naitwar. The flow recorded at Tons downstream of Naitwar is an average of 78.9 cum/sec. The total quantum of water estimated over the year t Paonta Sahib after the confluence of Tons is nearly 80 million cubic meters, which flows down to the plains. 30. Two of India's mightiest rivers, the Ganges and the Yamuna take birth in the glaciers of Uttarakhand, and are fed by myriad lakes, glacial melts and streams in the region. The northern parts of districts of Chamoli and Uttarakashi, most of which lie in the snow covered zone, provide the most important reservoirs of water. The flow of Yamuna recorded at Naugaon is 86 cubic meters per second. 31. East of Yamuna is the river system which forms the Ganga. The main rivers in the upper reaches are the Bhagirathi, Bhilangana, Mandakini, and Alaknanda. Bhilangana joins Bhagirathi at Tehri, just upstream of the Tehri Dam. Mandakini joins Alaknanda at Rudraprayag. The Dhauli Ganga, Vishnu Ganga, Pindar and Nandakini are important tributaries draining into Alaknanda before its confluence with Mandakini. The confluence of Bhagirathi and Alaknanda is at Deoprayag, beyond which it is called the Ganga. The estimated flow of Ganga at Rishikesh is 27 billion cubic meters.

Groundwater

32. The Central Groundwater Board has estimated the annual replenishable quantum of groundwater resources in Uttarakhand to be nearly 0.28 million hectare meter. The estimation of groundwater in the mountainous terrain is very complex and very little empirical data exists. The groundwater occurs often in pockets, depending largely on the secondary porosity developed due to fractures, joints, and faults and is restricted in extent due to topographical features. In the Bhabbar zone the groundwater is very deep, though often in artesian conditions, while in the Terai it is shallow and causes water logging. B. Ecological Resources and Biodiversity – Uttarakhand

33. The recorded forest area of Uttarakhand is 34,651 sq km, which is around 64% of the state‘s total geographic area. The forests in the state are spread between a very broad altitudinal range of 300 m and 3,500 m. Eight of the sixteen known forest types in India exist here. These forests have varied vegetation types ranging from tropical deciduous to alpine vegetation. The forests can be broadly categorized into two categories: the hill forests and the lower Shiwalik hill forests, more commonly known as Bhabbar and Terai forests. 34. Of the 34,651 sq km of recorded forest area, 24,643 sq km fall under reserved forests and 9,885 sq km under protected forests. About 24,261 sq km of reserved forest and 99 sq km of protected forest is under the control of the forest department. About 5,000 sq km of protected

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forest is under civil, soyam, panchayat and private land; this area is accessible to communities dependent on the forests. Apart from the forests there are six national parks and 6 wildlife sanctuaries in the state covering a total forest area of 7,335 sq km. Table 3 provides information on forest areas, national parks and wildlife sanctuaries in Uttarakhand.

Table 3: Uttarakhand Forests Items Year/Period Unit Statistics

Reserved Forests 2009-2010 sq km 24,643

(a) Under the Control/Management of Forest Department 2009-2010 sq km 24,261

(b) Which is Completely Recorded in Van Panchayats 2009-2010 sq km 348

(c) Under the Control/management of other Government Agencies 2009-2010 sq km 34

Protected Forests 2009-2010 sq km 9,885

(a) Under the Control/Management of Forest Department 2009-2010 sq km 99

(b) Unclassified and Vasted Forests (which have legal status of Protected Forest) under the Control/Management of Forest Department

2009-2010 sq km 55

(c) Civil and Soyam Forests Under the Control of Revenue Department

2009-2010 sq km 4,769

(d) Civil and Soyam Forests Under the Control of Forest Panchayats as Village Forests

2009-2010 sq km 4,962

Private Forest (Municipal and Cantonment) 123

National Park

(a) Number 2009-2010 Number 6

a. Chilla (Rajaji)

b. Gangtori

c. Jim Corbett

d. Nanda Devi

e. Rajaji

f. Valley of Flowers

(b) Area 2009-2010 sq km 4,915

Wildlife Sanctuary

(a) Number 2009-2010 Number 6

a. Askot Sanctuary

b. Binsar Sanctuary

c. Jim Corbett Sanctuary

d. Govind Wild Life Sanctuary

e. Kedarnath Sanctuary

f. Nanda Devi Sanctuary

(b) Area 2009-2010 sq km 2,420

Source: Uttarakhand at a Glance (http://uk.gov.in/pages/display/116-at-a-glance).

1. Vegetation

35. The vegetation varies greatly with elevation, from glaciers at the highest elevations to subtropical forests at the lower elevations. The highest elevations are covered by ice and bare rock. Below them, between 3,000 and 5,000 m (9,800 and 16,000 ft) are grasslands and shrublands. Temperate coniferous forests, the western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests, grow just below the tree line. At 3,000 to 2,600 m (9,800 to 8,500 ft) elevation they transition to the temperate western Himalayan broadleaf forests, which lie in a belt from 2,600 to 1,500 metres (8,500 to 4,900 ft) elevation. Below 1,500 m (4,900 ft) elevation lie the Himalayan subtropical pine forests. The Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests and the drier Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands cover the lowlands along the Uttar Pradesh border. These lowland forests have mostly been cleared for agriculture, but a few pockets remain. 36. Grasslands and other grazing resources occupy a very important position in the hill agriculture and the grassland utilization is an important component of the hill farming system.

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Grasslands are found in plains and high altitude. In the plains they are called chaurs and comprise of typical grasses, which grow up to a height of 2 m. These habitats are ideal for predators while providing forage and fawning cover for herbivores. The alpine grasslands, locally called bugyals, occur at altitudes above 1,000 m.

2. Flora and Fauna

37. The floristic analysis of Angiosperm and Gymnosperm in Uttarakhand reveals that there are about 4,048 species belonging to 1,198 genera under 192 families. The floristic diversity reveals that the state harbors 4,000 species of vascular plants of which nearly 116 species are endemic to Uttarakhand as they have confined their distribution to the state. The state has 500 algal species, 751 species of mosses, 18 endemic species of pteridophyta, 435 species of lichens. 38. More than 350 species of plants are threatened and endangered in all forested areas of the state, including 161 species belonging to rare and threatened categories based on IUCN guidelines. Most of these threatened plant species, which grow in the hills, are over-exploited for their medicinal, aromatic or commercial value. Among the tree species members of the family Aceraceae are more threatened. All members of the family Orchidaceae are indeterminate, rare or endangered. Species of the family Woodsiaceae such as Woodsia andersonii and Woodsia cycloba are believed to be extinct or highly endangered. The status of more than 80% of plants is either indeterminate or has no information, necessitating long term research for area-wise profiling of plant species of the state. 39. Uttarakhand is home for many species of birds, mammals, reptiles as also for the threatened and endemic species. The scientists of Northern Regional Station, Dehradun have compiled a baseline data on the faunal diversity of western Himalaya. An annotated list of 2,248 species of animals, including 1,405 invertebrates‘ species and 843 vertebrates species have been reported. Important wild animals in Uttarakhand include tigers, leopards, elephants, musk deers, black bears, sloth bears, and brown bears. C. Economic Resources

40. Industries. The State is rich in mineral deposits like limestone, marble, rock phosphate, dolomite, magnesite, copper, gypsum, etc. The number of small scale industries is 25,294 providing employment to 63,599 persons. As many as 1,802 heavy and medium industries with an investment of Rs 20,000 crore employ 5 lakh persons. Most of the industries are forest-based. There is a total of 54,047 handicraft units in the state. 41. Agriculture. Major crops include (i) cereals (rice, wheat, barley, maize, manduwa, and sanwan); (ii) pulses (urad, masoor, peas, gahat, rajma, gram, and black soybean); (iii) oil seeds (rape and mustard, seasmum, groundnut, and soyabean); and (iv) other crops (sugar cane and onion). 42. Livelihood. The hill economy and sustenance systems are typically dependednt on primary sector activities, with high number of cultivators in the hill region and small proportion as agricultuiral laborers in the plain areas. Women dominate as cultivators, especially in the hilly districts in addition to the duty towards animals. Agrivultural labor jobs in the hill districts are very minimal and increase in the districts (Dehradun, Udhamsingh Nagar, and Haridwar). The hill district of Pithoragarh also shows significant involvement of women in household industry as

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compared to other districts largely because of the continuation of the tradition of weaving and wool based activities. Services, trade and commerce also lead in the Terai areas. D. Social and Cultural Resources

1. Demographic Profile

43. Population. The total population estimated for 2011 is 101.17 and density of population is 189 per sq km. Other relevant information is summarized in Table 3.

Table 4: Summary of Uttarakhand Demographic Profile Items Year/Period Unit Statistics

Total Population (provisional) 2011 Lakh 101.17

(a) Male 2011 Lakh 51.54

(b) Female 2011 Lakh 49.63

Sex ratio 2011 Females per thousand males 963

Population density 2011 Per sq km 189

Scheduled Castes 2001 Lakh 15.17

Scheduled Tribes 2001 Lakh 2.56

Religion-wise breakup

(a) Hindus 2001 Lakh 72.12

(b) Muslims 2001 Lakh 10.12

(c) Christians 2001 Lakh 0.27

(d) Sikhs 2001 Lakh 2.12

(e) Buddhists 2001 Lakh 0.13

(f) Jains 2001 Lakh 0.09

(g) Others and religions not stated 2001 Lakh 0.04

Literacy rate 2011 Percentage 79.63

Source: Uttarakhand at a Glance (http://uk.gov.in/pages/display/116-at-a-glance).

44. Rural and Urban Population. Uttarakhand is predominantly rural with only 25% urban population, which is mainly concentrated in the three districts of Haridwar, Udhamsingh Nagar, and Dehradun. Urban population in the plain districts is 39%. Dehradun is the most urbanized district. 45. Tribal Communities. Apart from the mainstream populations, Uttarakhand is the home to the following tribal communities: (i) Van Rajis found in the border area of Pithoragrah, Champavat, and Udhamsingh Nagar; (ii) Buxas found in Udhamsingh Nagar, Terai of Nainital, Haridwar, Pauri and Dehradun; (iii) Jadh found in Neelang and Jadhang Villages of Uttarkashi; (iv) Bhotia and Marchas fround in the border district of Chamoli, Uttarkashi, bageshwar and Pithoragarh; (v) Tharu found in Udhamsingh Nagar; and (vi) Jaunsari found in Chakrata Block and Dehradun. Among these the Van Rajis are among the rare gropus in the country, which are threatened with extinction.

2. Physical Infrastructure Services

46. Education. Based on 2010 data, Uttarakhand has 22,379 schools/colleges offering basic/secondary education, 106 degree/post degree colleges, 1 central university, 106 industrial training institutes, and 37 polytechnics. 47. Public Health and Family Welfare. Based on 2010 data, Uttarakhand has 12 district level hospitals, 3 base hospitals, 55 community health centers, 2 women and child welfare centers, 540 ayuverdic hospitals. There are estimated 8,075 beds in government hospitals.

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48. Electricity and Water Supply. The installation capacity for Uttarakhand as of 2010 is 1,305.9 megawatts. Population covered by drinking water supply is 62.58 lakh, of which 50.24 lakh is fully covered while the remaining 12.34 lakh is partially covered. 49. Transport and Communication. Roads in Uttarakhand are maintained by Public Works Department, BRTF, local bodies (district panchayats and urban local bodies), and other departments (irrigation, cane development, forest, and others). As of 2010, 745.56 km roads are maintained by district panchayats and 1,928.48 km by urban local bodies. Postal and communication services in Uttarakhand include post offices, telephone exchanges, telegraph offices, public calling offices, landlines, and mobile providers. 50. Tourism. In Uttarakhand, tourism is the most important activity in the non-farming sector. The aesthetic appeal of the land and the socio-cultural heritage of the state present it with immense potentialities for tourism development. The state is replete with religious and mythological sites that are a rich legacy of the cultural past. The state has always attracted tourists on pilgrimage; in fact, the land is often referred to as the land of the divine – Dev Bhumi. 51. The pilgrim towns of Haridwar and Rishikesh draw the maximum number of visitors anywhere in the world. Other pilgrim destinations in the state are Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri, and Yamunotri. Though pilgrimage accounts for the biggest segment, the state is blessed with enormous resources for cultural, adventure, wildlife, nature and leisure tourism, and a wide variety of entertainment and sporting activities, which attracts the domestic as well as foreign tourists. 52. Lakes (tal) are another important and fascinating aspect of Uttarakhand, and the high lakes are a great attraction for trekkers. Nainital district has earned the epithet of being a lake district; these include Nainital, Bhimtal, Naukuchiya and Saat tal. However, the most famous lake, Nainital is overwhelmed by problems caused by rapid urbanization around it. Saat tal meaning seven lakes is situated just above Dharali, 2 km on the route Gangotori. The trek of about 7 km is rewarding as this group of lakes is situated amidst beautiful natural surroundings. 53. The unplanned growth of places as centers of tourism has had a severe and negative impact on the environment. The inflow of tourists puts tremendous pressure on existing resources and infrastructure. In year 2010, Uttarakhand received as many as 311.08 lakh tourists – about 300% of the population of the state. Table 5 shows the tourism-relevant information for Uttarakhand.

Table 5: Tourism Infrastructures and Arrivals in Uttarakhand Items Year/Period Unit Statistics

Infrastructure

(a) Tourist Places 2009-2010 number 264

(b) Tourist Rest Houses 2009-2010 number 184

(c) Raien Basera (Night Shelters) 2009-2010 number 32

(d) Hotels and Paying Guest Houses 3,126

(e) Dhramsala 867

Tourist Arrivals

(a) In Tourist Places (including Pilgrims) 2010 Lakh 311.08

(b) In Important National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries 2010 Number 285,412

Source: Uttarakhand at a Glance (http://uk.gov.in/pages/display/116-at-a-glance)

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E. Environmental Profile – Component Specific

54. Table 6 provides the environmental profile of the subproject areas.

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Table 6: Environmental Profile of the Uttarakhand Subproject Sites

Subproject Area Description

Protected Area (Yes/No); Archaeological Site

(Yes/No); Forest Area (Yes/No);

If Yes, Provide Information

Environmental Profile

Development of Tourist Facilities at Asan Barrage

Asan Barrage serves as a winter passage halt for trans-Himalayan migratory birds. The Asan Conservation Reserve (ACR) primarily comprises of a fresh water wetland system at the confluence of Asan river with Yamuna river near village Dhalipur in Dehradun district. It was declared as the first conservation reserve of the country on 5 August, 2005. The reserve is known for its wild biodiversity particularly avifaunal diversity owing to which it has also been identified as an important bird area (IBA). The Asan Barrage is managed by the Irrigation Department and some part of the land area has been given to Tourism Department in 1994. Since then, the Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nigam (GMVN) has developed the area for performing water sports and providing other facilities to the tourists. The different types of activities, performed at Asan Barrage are (i) water skiing; (ii) boating; (iii) rowing; (iv) kayaking; and (v) canoeing. An average 150 tourists are visiting Asan Barriage every day throughout the year.

Protected Area – Yes. Asan Barrage Conservation Reserve Archaeological Site – No Forest Area – Yes (reserved forest – parking and improvements at the Interpretation Centre are within the lands belonging to State Forest Department)

The subproject site is located beside a national highway outside the core conservation areas of the Reserve. No trees will be cut. The subproject site is government-owned land thus no land acquisition is required. Flora and fauna at the site are those commonly found in developed/built-up areas. No protected species have been recorded in this site. No natural or critical habitats will be impacted by the subproject and no loss of biodiversity. Sites are located in or immediately adjacent to areas altered for human use (GMVN tourist facilities, roadsides, existing pathways, etc.). All works are consistent with the official Management Plan.

Tourist facilities on Yamuna Heritage Circuit

Tiger falls: The site is a popular spot for weekend

tourists seeking recreation and picnic experiences. At present there are no facilities available. It is accessible by road from with a 1.5 km walk to the bottom of the falls. Due to lack of facilities and bad access road, at present only 15 to 20 persons are visiting this place on an average per day. Deoban: The main attractions is a 1 ha publicly owned

meadow, an attractive water body, a highly scenic viewing point, and an adjacent nature reserve. The area is under the Forest Department. A forest guest house built in the 1950s is located at an altitude of 2,815 meters in a very picturesque setting. There is a need to renovate the existing forest guest house.

Tiger Falls:

Protected Area – No Archaeological Site – No Forest Area – No Deoban:

Protected Area – No Archaeological Site – No Forest Area – Yes (land owned by the State Forest Department) Hanol:

Protected Area – No Archaeological Site – Yes

Flora and fauna in the subproject sites are those commonly found in developed/built-up areas. No protected species have been recorded in the sites. No natural or critical habitats being impacted by the subproject and no loss of biodiversity. Sites are located in or immediately adjacent to habitats altered for human use (open yards, roadsides, pathways, paddies, etc.). The proposed infrastructures are located outside the monument area and in compliance with ASI siting rules. Archaeological impact assessment is required prior to works and provision for chance find procedure is included in the EMP. Improvements are designed to be consistent with

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Hanol: The Mahasu temple is situated in the small

village of Hanol. It is believed to be built in 9th Century AD in Huna architectural style. The constructions and modifications over the years, however, rendered it a mixed architecture. Situated on the southern banks of the Tons River, this temple is included in the list of important Ancient temples around Dehradun by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Tree Samadi at Mori. A symbolic tree to local

communities with folklore. Lakhamandal. It‘s main attractions are its

archaeological and religious assets as well as offering experiences of village life. There are around 150 stone engraved figures which were excavated, some dating from as early as 4th to 5th century A.D. S. The Shiv temple and its surrounding area are under the protection of ASI.

(ASI-protected monument) Forest Area – No Tree Samadi:

Protected Area – No Archaeological Site – No Forest Area – No Lakhamandal:

Protected Area – No Archaeological Site – Yes (ASI-protected monument) Forest Area – No

Forest Department and ASI regulations. All construction work at monument areas will be overseen by ASI to ensure high-quality work. ASI was consulted throughout preparation of the subprojects and their view from the basis for all improvements.

Tourist facilities at Naukuchiyatal

Naukuchiatal. The lake is situated 25 km from Nainital

and 4 km from Bhimtal, it is the deepest lake in the Lake district of Nainital with local folklore. Tourist Rest Houses (TRH) in Naukuchiatal. There

are two TRH at Naukuchiatal: one is called Naukuchiyatal TRH and one is Parichay TRH which is an old British building. Both TRHs are unable to cope up during the peak season demand of the tourists. The facilities are inadequate or have lived its age, requiring development/upgrade.

Protected Area – No Archaeological Site – No Forest Area – No

Flora and fauna in the subproject sites are those commonly found in developed/built-up areas. No protected species have been recorded in the sites. No natural or critical habitats being impacted by the subproject and no loss of biodiversity. Sites are located in or immediately adjacent to habitats altered for human use (open yards, roadsides, pathways, paddies, etc.).

Visitor facilities at Most Manu Temple

The white Manu temple is an often visited site in Pithoragarh. In it, is enshrined a powerful goddess known to bring rain to these mountains if properly invoked. There is also a large swing erected on the field at the base of a flight of steps leading to the temple. The place has poor environmental conditions and inadequate facilities such as water supply,


Flora and fauna in the subproject sites are those commonly found in developed/built-up areas. No protected species have been recorded in the sites. No natural or critical habitats being impacted by the subproject and no loss of biodiversity. Sites are located in or immediately adjacent to habitats altered for human use (open

21






sanitation, solid waste management, and drainage flood protection. The landscaping of the area is also not appropriate. The existing recreational facilities for children are also inadequate and in bad shape.

yards, roadsides, pathways, etc.).

Adventure centres/sports facilities developed at 9 locations in Uttarakhand.

Adventure/Sports Tourists: Ecotourism and recreational activities are available (e.g., environmental education, camping, boating).


Flora and fauna in the subproject sites are those commonly found in developed/built-up areas. No protected species have been recorded in the sites. No natural or critical habitats being impacted by the subproject and no loss of biodiversity. Sites are located in or immediately adjacent to habitats altered for human use (open yards, roadsides, pathways, paddies, etc.).

Tourist infrastructure developed for North Corbett entry point at Kotdwar,

The reserve has six access points and two entry gates which provide permit issuance facilities for entry into the reserve at Ramngar and Kotdwar. The entry around Kotdwar has received little if any additional livelihood from tourism while Ramngar has received much. Stakeholders are interested in seeing the same benefits at Kotdwar entry point.


The Kotdwar gate is more than 30 kilometers from the core zone of the national park. Flora and fauna in the subproject sites are those commonly found in developed/built-up areas. No protected species have been recorded in the sites. No natural or critical habitats being impacted by the subproject and no loss of biodiversity. Sites are located in or immediately adjacent to habitats altered for human use (open yards, roadsides, pathways, paddies, etc.).

Improvement of Jagjitpur canal and construction of water sports facilities at Old Ganga Canal

Jagjitpur Canal. The canal passes through urban area

in a length of about 2.10 km. The canal is used to carry water for irrigation purpose to nearby villages. The ashrams and houses on either side of canal accommodates the pilgrims and tourists during heavy-inflow seasons, moreover the residents of the area also used to walk along canal sides. The canal having no side enclosures parapet/netted wire fencing) allows garbage to be thrown in. Old Ganga Canal. A large amount of barren land

adjacent to the Pathri Power Station in possession of the Irrigation Department. The canal can be put to use for controlled water sports events. The adjoining barren land on one side of canal bank is also available for developing required infrastructure for providing


Flora and fauna in the subproject sites are those commonly found in developed/built-up urban areas. No protected species have been recorded in the sites. No natural or critical habitats being impacted by the subproject and no loss of biodiversity. Sites are located in or immediately adjacent to habitats altered for human use (roadsides, pathways, etc.).

22






essential amenities with proper landscaping.

Conservation of Pittorgarh Fort

The Pithoragarh Fort is situated on the outskirts of the main town of Pithoragarh. This fort is set on the top of a hill, and built by the Gorkhas when they took over the town in 1789. The buildings and the ramparts are in an urgent need for conservation. The total length of the ramparts is about 90 meters with 4 meters thickness and height ranging from 3 to 5 meters. The complex comprises two enclosures with an inner wall which was possibly added later separating the residential building from the garrison. In the recent past an amphitheatre like structure has been introduced below the entrance of the fort with a stage opposite. This is used for community functions especially during festivals like dusherra.


Works are proposed away from the fort structures and components focused on surrounding improvements. Flora and fauna in the subproject sites are those commonly found in developed/built-up areas. No protected species have been recorded in the sites. No natural or critical habitats being impacted by the subproject and no loss of biodiversity. Sites are located in or immediately adjacent to habitats altered for human use (roadsides, pathways, etc.).

23

IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

55. The assessment for each of the subprojects has been carried out for potential impacts during the following stages of the project planning and implementation:

(i) Location impacts. Impacts associated with site selection, including impacts on environment and resettlement or livelihood related impacts on communities;

(ii) Design impacts. Impacts arising from project design, including the technology used, scale of operations, discharge standards, etc.;

(iii) Construction impacts. Impacts resulting from construction activities including site clearance, earthworks, civil works, etc.; and

(iv) O&M impacts. Impacts associated with the operation and maintenance of the infrastructure built in the project.

56. The ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for Urban Development was used during preparation of this IEE to screen the subproject for environmental impacts and categorization of the project (Appendix 2). Table 7 provides the potential environmental impacts and the mitigation measures including the responsibilities for implementing the same. Subproject components assessed to have similar impacts (intervention in recreational and sports facilities) are grouped together.

A. Land Acquisition and Resettlement

57. The proposed subproject locations are within the lands available with the government. There are no impacts envisaged on land acquisition or resettlement due to the proposed subproject components. B. Environmental Impacts

1. Location Impacts 58. The locations considered for the subproject are within the areas designated for eco-tourism as part of developing Uttarakhand‘s conservation, heritage, natural and cultural attractions, and are outside areas demarcated for habitat protection and conservation. 59. Asan Barrage Conservation Reserve. The subproject site will be on the existing facility of the Tourism Department and GMVN. The land proposed for the parking space is under the ownership and management of the Forest Department. The development infrastructures will not impact any environmentally-sensitive or protected areas and will be within the designated recreational sub-zone. 60. Jagjitpur and Old Ganga Canal. The proposed development in Jagjitpur Canal will be on the existing canal side which has been developed and used already by pedestrians. Improvements are proposed within available government lands/right-of-ways. The canal will not be reclaimed thus flow of water will not be impeded and water for irrigation will not be impacted. The proposed development in the Old Ganga Canal will be on a barren land owned by the government. The operation of the Pathri Power House, which is upstream of the site for the sports complex, will not be affected as this is located 2.7 km from the proposed site.

24

24

61. Yamuna Heritage Tourism Circuit. All lands are government-owned. No further land acquisition will be required. 62. Naukuchiatal Lake. The components proposed in the lake areas will not impact any environmentally-sensitive or protected areas. Improvements are proposed within available government lands/right-of-ways. 63. Pithoragarh Fort. The components proposed in the fort ramparts will not impact any environmentally-sensitive or protected areas. Improvements are proposed within available government lands. Although not a protected fort, conservation of the heritage buildings, design features of proposed improvements, material selection, construction technologies and methods to comply with ASI guidelines. 64. Pithoragarh Trek Trail and Most Manu Temple. The components proposed in the trail and temple will not impact any environmentally-sensitive or protected areas. Improvements are proposed within available government lands and existing right-of-way. 65. Kotdwar Gate. The subproject site is located more than 30 km from the core zone of the Jim Corbett National Park. The components proposed will not impact any environmentally-sensitive or protected areas. Improvements are proposed within available government lands and existing right-of-way. 66. 9 Adventure Tourist Centers. The components proposed will not impact any environmentally-sensitive or protected areas. Improvements are proposed within available government lands and existing right-of-way. 67. Priority is to locate construction work camps, stockpile areas, storage areas, and disposal areas near the subproject area. However, if it is deemed necessary to locate elsewhere, sites to be considered will not promote instability and result in destruction of property, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply systems. Residential areas will not be considered to protect the human environment (i.e., to curb accident risks, health risks due to air and water pollution and dust, and noise, and to prevent social conflicts, shortages of amenities, and crime). Extreme care will be taken to avoid disposals near the sensitive areas. All locations will be included in the design specifications and on plan drawings.

2. Design Impacts and Pre-Construction Impacts 68. Impacts arising from the inappropriate designs of proposed facilities would in general include the inadequate drainage provisions, contemporary designs for the traditional and cultural environment, etc. Selection of materials, if not carefully chosen, will adversely impact the aesthetic appeal of the surroundings. The results of interventions are unobtrusive and will be integral part of the overall ambience so as to avoid impacts on the aesthetics of the site. Structural designs to be worked out in such a manner that exposed steel and concrete structures are avoided. All detailed designs for the interventions around ASI monuments will be reviewed by ASI. 69. All component designs will be worked out to minimize any impacts on the adjoining properties, and considering the drainage and sewerage connections on the road. Given that the there is a need for disposal of construction wastes, the contractors will be required to consult with the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) and Uttarakhand Environment Protection and Pollution Board (UEPPB) for safe disposal sites.

25

70. Telephone lines, electric poles and wires, water and sewer lines within the existing right-of-way (ROW) may be damaged. The mitigate the adverse impacts due to relocation of the utilities, the Design and Supervision Consultants (DSC) and PIU will: (i) identify and include locations and operators of these utilities in the detailed design documents to prevent unnecessary disruption of services during construction phase; and (ii) require construction contractors to prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruption of services.

3. Construction Impacts

71. The impacts are generic to the construction activities in all subproject locations. All construction activities to be undertaken at the site will be approved by competent authority before start of any such activity in the vicinity of the site so that the history and sanctity as well as the usability of the site by the projected number of tourists are not hampered. Hence, the EMP emphasizes on the construction impacts and necessary mitigation measures to be strictly followed by the contractor and supervised by the DSC. Key impacts during construction, in addition to those pertaining to the direct impacts on the archaeological monument are envisaged on the following aspects: (i) drainage, (ii) quarry/borrow pit operations, (iii) slope cutting and slope Stability (iv) water bodies and drainage courses (v) dust generation, air and noise from construction activities, (vi) handling of construction materials at site, (vii) adoption of safety measures during construction; and (viii) community health and safety.

4. Operation and Maintenance Impacts

72. The impacts pertaining to regulation of tourist movements, etc. will be addressed through an assessment of the carrying capacity of the wetland, and the potential for sustainable ecotourism development. Planning of the extent of facilities and infrastructure in line with the carrying capacity as well as the involvement of the local communities in the operation and management of the tourism facilities created in the project will address the operation stage impacts. Other impacts during operation of the tourism assets created in the project will be due to lack of appropriate maintenance of various tourist facilities created including the camping sites around the forest guest houses, toilets, parking facilities apart from drainage and solid waste management of the tourist destinations. These impacts are proposed to be addressed through participation of the communities in management and operation of such facilities. The participation of the local communities will include but not limited to management of camping sites, operation of boating and recreational facilities in the wetland in designated recreational zones, collection of wastes, operation of toilet facilities, timely clean up of waste disposed by the tourists and aesthetics through appropriate maintenance of landscaping. 73. The improved tourist facilities will greatly improve the environmental quality in and around the destinations, and also enhance the attractiveness of these destinations. While the enhanced tourist generation due to these improvements may not be significant, the facilities will enhance the site experience of the tourist/pilgrim. The project will facilitate environmental improvements through the provision of training to operators for all sanitation and solid waste facilities provided by the Project, in order to sustain any improvements made.

5. Cumulative Impact Assessment 74. The cumulative impact assessment (CIA) examined the interaction between the subproject‘s residual effects (i.e., those effects that remain after mitigation measures have been

26

26

applied) and those associated with other past, existing and reasonably foreseeable future projects or activities. 75. Two boundaries, spatial and temporal, were used. Spatial boundary refers to the area immediately surrounding the subproject location; while the temporal area considers the potential cumulative effects associated with subproject construction, and operation and maintenance, and those associated with other past, existing and reasonably foreseeable projects in the vicinity of the subproject. For the subproject, the spatial boundary is the area of the subprojects including existing ROWs. The temporal boundary can be considered as the districts where the subproject sites are located. 76. The subproject‘s potential cumulative effects were considered with respect to valued components (VCs), identified in the IEE as air quality, noise, surface water quality, geophysical (hydrogeological), traffic management, social-economic and socio-community, and human health. The cumulative impacts were assessed in four areas:

(i) Of any potential residual project effects that may occur incrementally over time; (ii) Consideration of other known relevant projects or activities within the specified

study area boundaries, even if not directly related to the subproject; (iii) Potential overlapping impacts that may occur due to other developments, even if

not directly related to the proposed project; and (iv) Future developments that is reasonably foreseeable and sufficiently certain to

proceed.

77. Air quality effects will occur during construction. Consequently, although emissions of common air contaminants (CAC) and fugitive dust may be elevated in proximity to active work sites, this impact will be short-term and localized to the immediate vicinity of the alignment. Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions may increase as a result of project activities (i.e., vehicle and equipment operation, concrete production, disposal of excavated material, land filling of residual wastes). Given the subproject‘s relatively minor contribution to CAC and GHG emissions during construction, the overall significance rating of both these potential residual effects is considered to be negligible during construction. 78. Noise levels in the immediate proximity of most work sites are expected to increase during construction. The duration of this exposure will be relatively brief. This exposure represents temporary, localized, adverse residual effect of low to moderate significance for affected receptors. While building damage due to ground vibrations is unlikely, there may annoyance to spatially located receptors during construction. Noise levels associated with the subproject operations will be largely imperceptible as civil works will be confined in relatively small sites within the district proper. 79. Since the subprojects will be built in existing infrastructures, government-owned land, and areas designated for tourism activities, these will not conflict with existing or planned land use. However, traffic management concerns will occur spatially during construction. Site-specific mitigation measures will be implemented during construction to address temporary disruptions to land use, limitations on access to roads, sidewalk closures, traffic delays and detours, parking modifications, and increased volumes of construction–related traffic. There should be improved traffic movement along the alignment once construction is completed. During operations of the improved infrastructures and services, added residential developments, commercial and business facilities and increased densities are expected to develop and enhance the subproject area. This can be considered a long-term cumulative benefit of the subproject.

27

80. Adverse impacts such as localized disruption of vehicle traffic and pedestrian movements in areas along the alignment, and elevated CAC and fugitive dust emissions in proximity to work sites, elevated noise and vibration levels and visual impacts will occur during construction. These short-term effects will be mitigated by providing alternate travel routes or alternating traffic movements and, where possible, access to businesses, schools and residences. However, upon completion of construction the socio-community will benefit from improved tourism infrastructure. This is considered a long-term cumulative benefit. 81. No adverse residual effects to human health will occur as a result of subproject construction or operation. While exposure to elevated noise levels and fugitive dust and CAC emissions will occur in proximity to subproject work sites during construction, due to their short-term, localized nature, these effects are expected to be minor and insignificant with no measurable effects on human health. The subproject operations will benefit the general public by contributing to the long-term improvement of tourism in Uttarakhand.

6. Package Specific EMPs 82. The specific measures stated in the EMP will address all adverse environmental impacts due to the subproject. A detailed monitoring plan prepared as part of this IEE will ensure negative environmental impacts during implementation are mitigated. During the detailed design stage, the IEE/EMP will be further updated and stand-alone EMPs for each of the procurement packages will be prepared. These EMPs will be appended to the respective contract documents to enable integration of environmental provisions in the contract. A template has been attached as Appendix 3.

28

Table 5: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

Asa

n B

arr

ag

e

Ja

gji

tpu

r C

an

al a

nd

Old

Gan

ga

Ca

na

l Y

am

un

a H

eri

tag

e

To

uri

sm

Cir

cu

it

Nau

ku

ch

iata

l L

ak

eT

aa

l

La

ke

s

Pit

ho

rag

arh

Fo

rt

Co

ns

erv

ati

on

M

os

t M

an

u T

em

ple

Ko

tdw

ar

En

try

Po

int

at

Ko

tdw

ar

Fa

cil

itie

s 9

Lo

ca

tio

ns

Mitigation Measures Responsibility

Location Impacts

1.1 Location impacts pertain to siting of facilities and improvements within the boundaries of the Conservation reserve and temple monument complex and other natural / cultural heritage destinations

Permanent Moderate Location of the subprojects within protected areas will be finalized in conformity to the provisions in the management plan. The proposed interventions will be mapped onto the plans of the management plan showing the zones, to ensure that there is conformity with the management plan.

Siting of the components and planning of construction activities will be worked out to avoid sensitive ecological and cultural resource areas. Within radii of 100m and 300m from the ―protected property‖ are designated as ―protected area‖ and ―controlled area‖ respectively. No development activity (including building, mining, excavating, blasting) is permitted in the ―protected area‖ and development activities likely to damage the protected property are not permitted in the ―controlled area‖ without prior permission of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) if the site/remains/ monuments are protected by ASI or the State Department of Archaeology if these are protected by the State. Along other significant tourist destinations, the siting of components will be in line with the master plan for the respective destination. All construction activities will minimize the clearance of trees wherever practicable.

PIU/DSC

1.2 Impacts on archaeological remains, if any, due to siting of project components in and around the protected monuments.

Permanent Major An archaeological survey by the ASI will be carried out at the proposed site, on the request of the State Tourism Department, to confirm non-existence of any remains, in the proposed site. In the event of the survey indicating any presence of archaeological remains, an alternative location will be identified in the vicinity, or the design of the proposed facility be modified to ensure no impact on

PIU/DSC

29

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

Asa

n B

arr

ag

e

Ja

gji

tpu

r C

an

al a

nd

Old

Gan

ga

Ca

na

l Y

am

un

a H

eri

tag

e

To

uri

sm

Cir

cu

it

Nau

ku

ch

iata

l L

ak

eT

aa

l

La

ke

s

Pit

ho

rag

arh

Fo

rt

Co

ns

erv

ati

on

M

os

t M

an

u T

em

ple

Ko

tdw

ar

En

try

Po

int

at

Ko

tdw

ar

Fa

cil

itie

s 9

Lo

ca

tio

ns


the archaeological remains. Construction and excavation activities in prohibited and protected areas around the ASI monument will be undertaken only after obtaining the necessary permits and clearances in accordance with the terms and conditions of a licence granted under rule 13 of the Archaeological rules.

1.3 Lack of sufficient planning to assure long term sustainability of the improvements and ensure protection of the assets created and the architectural character of the surroundings.

Permanent Major In accordance with the provisions in the subproject selection criteria, the subproject design will include adequate provisions for ensuring effective maintenance and protection of the assets created so as to ensure the long term sustainability of the sites. The designs will be worked out and implemented in accordance with the provisions. Further, the design guidelines for the project components will strictly conform to Uttarakhand architecture.

PIU/DSC

2. Design and pre-construction Impacts

2.1 Layout of components to avoid impacts on sensitive areas

Permanent Major The project components (location of tourist information centre, parking, road alignment, locations where the toilet blocks, provision of water supply to tourists, parking, footpaths, signage, etc.) siting will avoid impacts on the conservation reserve and temples /monument. Access roads to the construction sites will be worked out to ensure minimal impacts.

PIU/DSC/ Contractor

2.2 Slope stability related issues Permanent Moderate Along areas vulnerable to slope failures and along steep stretches, the designs of subproject components will include slope protection measures for uncovered slopes as pitching, vegetation, benching, etc.

PIU/DSC

2.3 Increased storm water runoff from alterations of the site‘s natural drainage patterns due to landscaping, excavation works in the periphery of the

Permanent Moderate Design of proposed components will enable efficient drainage of the sites and maintain natural drainage patterns.

PIU/DSC

30

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

Asa

n B

arr

ag

e

Ja

gji

tpu

r C

an

al a

nd

Old

Gan

ga

Ca

na

l Y

am

un

a H

eri

tag

e

To

uri

sm

Cir

cu

it

Nau

ku

ch

iata

l L

ak

eT

aa

l

La

ke

s

Pit

ho

rag

arh

Fo

rt

Co

ns

erv

ati

on

M

os

t M

an

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em

ple

Ko

tdw

ar

En

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at

Ko

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wetland, construction of parking lots, and addition of paved surfaces.

2.4 In areas of shallow water table, ensure that the septic tanks developed, do not impact the ground water quality

Permanent Moderate At locations with shallow water table, the design of the septic tanks will be done to ensure that there is a difference of at least 1.5m between the bottom bed of the septic tank and the maximum ground water level, to avoid any contamination of ground water.

PIU/DSC

2.5 Selection of materials and construction technologies, if not carefully chosen, will adversely impact the aesthetic appeal of the destinations

Permanent Moderate Designs to be worked out in such a manner that exposed steel and concrete structures are avoided. The design brief for all components proposed will strictly conform to the Uttarakhand architecture. The usage of construction machinery within the existing premises will be disallowed, except for handheld equipments, if necessary. Any new landscaping elements will only utilize native species to protect local biodiversity

PIU/DSC

2.6 Integration of energy efficiency and energy conservation programs in design of subproject components

Permanent Low The detailed designs for the subproject components will ensure that energy efficiency

PIU/DSC

3 Pre-construction Activities by Contractor

3.1 Construction Camps – Location, Selection, Design and Layout

Temporary Moderate The construction camps will be located at least 1000m away from eco-sensitive zones (the boundaries of the Asan Conservation Reserve, Jim Corbett National Park and ASI temples) and 500m away from settlements. The construction camps including sanitation facilities, shelter, canteen, first aid, health care, day crèche facilities must be adequately drained, and must not be subject to periodic flooding, nor located within 300 feet of swamps, pools, sink holes or other surface collections of water unless such water surface can be subjected to mosquito control measures. The camps must be located such that the drainage from and through the camps will

Contractor/ DSC

31

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

Asa

n B

arr

ag

e

Ja

gji

tpu

r C

an

al a

nd

Old

Gan

ga

Ca

na

l Y

am

un

a H

eri

tag

e

To

uri

sm

Cir

cu

it

Nau

ku

ch

iata

l L

ak

eT

aa

l

La

ke

s

Pit

ho

rag

arh

Fo

rt

Co

ns

erv

ati

on

M

os

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an

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em

ple

Ko

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not endanger any domestic or public water supply. All sites must be graded, ditched and rendered free from depressions such that water is adequately drained and stagnation is avoided from becoming a nuisance.

3.2 Defining of construction/work areas on ground, for activities within 200m of the boundaries of the protected areas and archaeological monuments

Temporary Moderate Construction work area will be demarcated on ground. Free-standing fencing will be erected in advance of construction works to protect the Monuments and known archaeological features near to the construction footprint and any working areas. No construction works, storage of materials be allowed within 100 m of the boundaries of such protected/sensitive areas. Planning of works to ensure that no entry will be allowed by employees/construction/site workers to the protected areas during the construction period to limit disturbance impacts on the associated habitats and fauna. Monuments /archaeological remains will be avoided during construction works by marking out the areas on ground.

Contractor/ DSC

3.3 Circulation plan during construction in the tourist destinations and temples

Temporary Moderate Prior to commencement of site activities and mobilization on ground, the Contractor will prepare and get approved by the Engineer, circulation plan during construction for safe passage of tourists/pilgrims during construction stage, including development of alternative access routes, traffic regulations, signages, etc., during construction. The Contractor with support of the PIU will carry out dissemination of these information and circulation plan at key entry points to the respective destinations.

Contractor/ DSC/PIU

3.4 Site clearance activities, including delineation of construction areas

Temporary Moderate The commencement of site clearance activities will be undertaken with due permission from the Environment Specialist of the DSC consultant to minimize environmental impacts. All areas used for temporary construction operations will

Contractor/ DSC

32

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

Asa

n B

arr

ag

e

Ja

gji

tpu

r C

an

al a

nd

Old

Gan

ga

Ca

na

l Y

am

un

a H

eri

tag

e

To

uri

sm

Cir

cu

it

Nau

ku

ch

iata

l L

ak

eT

aa

l

La

ke

s

Pit

ho

rag

arh

Fo

rt

Co

ns

erv

ati

on

M

os

t M

an

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em

ple

Ko

tdw

ar

En

try

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int

at

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be subject to complete restoration to their former condition with appropriate rehabilitation procedures.

3.5 Drinking water availability and water arrangement

Temporary Major The contractor will be responsible for arrangement of water in every workplace at suitable and easily accessible place for the whole construction period. Sufficient supply of cold potable water to be provided and maintained. If the drinking water is obtained from an intermittent public water supply then, storage tanks will be provided.

Contractor/ DSC

3.6 Identification of disposal sites Permanent Major Location of disposal sites will be finalized by the Environmental Specialist of the DSC and he will confirm that: disposal of the material does not impact natural drainage courses or surface water bodies or low lying areas and that no endangered / rare flora is impacted by such materials

Contractor/ DSC

3.7 Ensure waste management is addressed in design

Temporary Major DSC to work with local body to design improved waste management plan for site.

DSC/PIU

4 Construction Impacts

4.1 Improper stockpiling of construction materials cause impacts starting from obstruction of drainage, disturbance/ safety hazard to tourists, etc.

Temporary Moderate Due consideration will be given for material storage and construction sites such that it doesn‘t cause any hindrance to tourists movement within the site. Stockpiles will be covered to protect from dust and erosion.

Contractor/ DSC

4.2 Quarry / Borrow pits Operations

Permanent Moderate Adequate safety precautions will be ensured during transportation of quarry material from quarries to the construction site. Vehicles transporting the material will be covered to prevent spillage. Operations to be undertaken by the contractor as per the direction and satisfaction of the Engineer.

Contractor/ DSC

4.3 Stripping, stocking and preservation of top soil

Permanent Moderate The topsoil from borrow areas, areas of cutting and areas to be permanently covered (proposed site for information centre and other tourism infrastructure and

Contractor/ DSC

33

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

Asa

n B

arr

ag

e

Ja

gji

tpu

r C

an

al a

nd

Old

Gan

ga

Ca

na

l Y

am

un

a H

eri

tag

e

To

uri

sm

Cir

cu

it

Nau

ku

ch

iata

l L

ak

eT

aa

l

La

ke

s

Pit

ho

rag

arh

Fo

rt

Co

ns

erv

ati

on

M

os

t M

an

u T

em

ple

Ko

tdw

ar

En

try

Po

int

at

Ko

tdw

ar

Fa

cil

itie

s 9

Lo

ca

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ns


from the road alignment) will be stripped to a specified depth of 150mm, translocated and stored in stockpiles. The stockpile will be designed such that the slope does not exceed 1:2 (vertical to horizontal). Stockpiles will not be surcharged or otherwise loaded and multiple handling will be kept to a minimum to ensure that no compaction will occur. The stockpiles will be covered with gunny bags or tarpaulin. It will be ensured by the contractor that the topsoil will not be unnecessarily trafficked either before stripping or when in stockpiles. Such stockpiled topsoil will be returned to cover the disturbed area and cut slopes.

4.4 Soil Erosion Temporary Moderate Slope protection measures will be undertaken along slopes of the parking area. The work will consist of measures as per design, or as directed by the Engineer to control soil erosion, sedimentation and water pollution.

Contractor/ DSC

4.5 Blasting Permanent Moderate Except as may be provided in the contract or ordered or authorized by the Engineer, the Contractor will not use explosives. Where the use of explosives is so provided or ordered or authorized, the Contractor will comply with the requirements of the following Sub-Clauses of MoRTH 302 besides the law of the land as applicable. The Contractor will at all times take every possible precaution and will comply with appropriate laws and regulations relating to the import, handling, transportation, storage and use of explosives and will, at all times when engaged in blasting operations, post sufficient warning flagmen, to the full satisfaction of the Engineer. The Contractor will at all times make full liaison with and inform well in advance and obtain such permission as is required from all Government Authorities, public bodies and private parties whomsoever concerned or affected or likely to be concerned or affected by blasting

34

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operations. Blasting will be carried out during fixed hours (preferably during mid-day), as permitted by the Engineer.

4.6 Soil and Water Pollution due to fuel and lubricants, construction waste

Temporary Moderate The fuel storage and vehicle cleaning area will be stationed such that water discharge does not drain into the water body. Soil and water pollution parameters will be monitored as per monitoring plan.

Contractor/ DSC

4.7 Siltation of water bodies due to spillage of construction wastes

Temporary Moderate Silt fencing to be provided at all water bodies near construction sites to prevent sediments from the construction site to enter into the watercourses. The number of units of silt fencing to be installed is to be decided by the engineer. Haul roads on the site and approaches to the watercourse (or drains leading to watercourses) will be regularly cleaned to prevent the buildup of mud; areas of bare soil will be kept to a practical minimum to reduce silt runoff. No disposal of construction wastes will be carried out into the river. Extraneous construction wastes will be transported to the pre-identified disposal site for safe disposal.

Contractor/ DSC

4.8 Generation of Dust Temporary Moderate The contractor will take every precaution to reduce the levels of dust at construction sites to the satisfaction of the Engineer. All earthwork to be protected/covered in a manner acceptable to the satisfaction of the engineer to minimize dust generation. Clearance will be affected immediately by manual sweeping and removal of debris, or if so directed by the Engineer, the road surfaces will be hosed or watered using necessary equipment.

Contractor/ DSC

4.9 Emission from Construction Vehicles, Equipment and Machinery

Temporary Moderate The discharge standards promulgated under the Environmental Protection Act, will be strictly adhered to. All vehicles, equipment and machinery used for construction will conform to the relevant Standard. All vehicles, equipments and machinery used for construction will be regularly maintained to ensure that

Contractor/ DSC

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pollution emission levels comply with the relevant requirements.

4.10 Noise from construction Equipments

Temporary Moderate Maintenance of vehicles, equipment and machinery will be regular and to the satisfaction of the Engineer, to keep noise from these at a minimum. All vehicles and equipment used for construction will be fitted with exhaust silencers. During routine servicing operations, the effectiveness of exhaust silencers will be checked and if found to be defective will be replaced. Noise limits for construction equipment used in this project (measured at one metre from the edge of the equipment in free field) such as compactors, rollers, front loaders, concrete mixers, cranes (moveable), vibrators and saws will not exceed 75 dB (A). Notwithstanding any other conditions of contract, noise level from any item of plant(s) will comply with the relevant legislation for levels of noise emission.

Contractor/ DSC

4.11 Material Handling at Site Temporary Minor All workers employed on mixing asphaltic material, cement, lime mortars, concrete etc., will be provided with protective footwear and protective goggles. Workers, who are engaged in welding works, will be provided with welder‘s protective eye-shields. Workers engaged in stone breaking activities will be provided with protective goggles and clothing and will be seated at sufficiently safe intervals. The use of any toxic chemical will be strictly in accordance with the manufacturer‘s instructions. The Engineer will be given at least 6 working days notice of the proposed use of any chemical. A register of all toxic chemicals delivered to the site will be kept and maintained up to date by the Contractor. The register will include the trade name, physical properties and characteristics, chemical ingredients, health and safety hazard information, safe handling and storage

Contractor/ DSC

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procedures, and emergency and first aid procedures for the product.

4.12 Disposal of Construction Waste / Debris / Cut Material

Temporary Moderate Safe disposal of the bituminous wastes, extraneous material will be ensured in the pre-identified disposal locations. In no case, any construction waste will be disposed around the project road indiscriminately. Cut material generated because of cutting of hill slopes will be utilized for construction of retaining walls, embankments and as filling material. Remaining material if any will be disposed off safely at the disposal sites.

Contractor/ DSC

4.13 Safety Measures During Construction

Temporary Moderate Personal Protective Equipment for workers on the project and adequate safety measures for workers during handling of materials at site will be taken up. The contractor has to comply with all regulations regarding safe scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, stairwells, excavations, trenches and safe means of entry and egress.

Contractor/ DSC

4.14 Risk caused by Force Majure Temporary Minor All reasonable precaution will be taken to prevent danger of the workers and the public from fire, flood, drowning, etc. All necessary steps will be taken for prompt first aid treatment of all injuries likely to be sustained during the course of work.

Contractor/ DSC

4.15 Malaria Risk Temporary Minor The Contractor will, at his own expense, conform to all anti-malaria instructions given to him by the Engineer.

Contractor/ DSC

4.16 Religious Structures Temporary Major All necessary and adequate care will be taken to minimize impact on cultural properties. No work will spill over to these properties, premises and precincts. Access to such properties from the road will be maintained clear and clean.

Contractor/ DSC

4.17 Chance finds of archaeological Property / remains

Temporary Moderate The contractor will take reasonable precaution to prevent his workmen or any other persons from removing and damaging any such article or thing and will, immediately upon discovery thereof and before removal acquaint the

Contractor/ DSC

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Engineer of such discovery and carry out the Engineer‘s instructions for dealing with the same, awaiting which all work will be stopped 100 m all directions from the site of discovery. The Engineer will seek direction from Archaeologist at the Department of Archaeology before instructing the contractor to recommence work on the site.

4.18 Clearing of Construction of Camps & Restoration

Temporary Major Contractor to prepare site restoration plans for approval by the Engineer. The plan is to be implemented by the contractor prior to demobilization. On completion of the works, all temporary structures will be cleared away, all rubbish burnt, excreta or other disposal pits or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off and the site left clean and tidy, at the Contractor‘s expense, to the entire satisfaction of the Engineer.

Contractor/ DSC

5 O&M Impacts

5.1 Environmental Conditions Temporary Moderate The tourism department / forest department will undertake seasonal monitoring of air, water, noise and soil quality through an approved monitoring agency. The parameters to be monitored, frequency and duration of monitoring as well as the locations to be monitored will be as per the Monitoring Plan prepared.

Tourism department

5.2 Uncontrolled tourism development can cause congestion, increased pollution, and deterioration of destinations. Over-commercialization of cultural traditions may degrade the natural and cultural identity of the site

Temporary Major While the environmental monitoring plan actions during the operation stage will result in monitoring of the environmental impacts after project implementation, the Master Plan will include apart from provision of development controls and regulations in the zone, measures for tourism planning for the key destinations. These plans will be implemented to avoid uncontrolled tourism development at these locations.

Tourism department with support from Culture department

5.4 Management of the toilet blocks

Temporary Moderate The tourism department / forest department will carry out regular cleaning of the septic tanks to prevent any impacts, including pollution of ground water and nearby

Tourism and Forest department with

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water courses. For increased volumes of wastewater generation will ensure proper and adequate treatment and disposal facilities.

participation by communities

5.5 Adequate drainage of site area Permanent Moderate The tourism department / forest department to ensure efficient flow of surface water and prevent water logging along the side of the roads and parking lots.

Tourism and Forest departments

5.6 Unhygienic condition due to poor maintenance of sanitation facilities and irregular solid waste collection in the project site necessitate regular maintenance of constructed infrastructure.

Temporary Moderate The Tourism department/ communities will carryout maintenance of the toilets, and carry out the regular collection of wastes, and will also ensure that: Sanitation improvements proposed do not result in pollution of groundwater. Sanitary facilities do not interfere with other utilities and block access to buildings, cause nuisance to neighboring areas. The transfer of waste will also ensure no spillage and all wastes will be transported to a designated solid waste treatment site.

Tourism department

5.7 Increased waste loads onto the existing waste disposal facilities (that are non conformant to the Government requirements for SWM)

Temporary Moderate In line with the Government targets of coverage of all urban and rural areas with environmentally safe solid waste management systems, the tourist destinations will be covered with integrated waste management facilities, including treatment and disposal, in line with the Solid Waste Handling Rules, 2000.

Urban development department

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V. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Institutional Arrangements

83. The Government of Uttarakhand through Department of Tourism (DOT), is the Executing Agency (EA). The EA (i) assumes overall responsibility for the execution of the Project and reporting; (ii) engage adequate permanent or fixed-term staff to implement the Project; (iii) setup a state-level project management unit (PMU) and project implementation units (PIU); (iv) provide overall strategic guidance on technical supervision and project execution; and (v) ensure overall compliance with the loan covenants. 84. The implementing agency (IA) is the Uttarakhand Tourism Development Board (UTDB). The IA‘s responsibilities include (i) project planning and budgeting; (ii) day-to-day assistance, supervision and guidance for the project implementation units and their consultants; (iii) review subprojects for due diligence requirements and approve subproject proposals; (iv) bidding, evaluation and contract award; (v) managing and disbursing funds; (vi) review compliance with loan covenants, contract specifications, work plans and quality control; and (vii) consolidate and submit progress reports, finance and accounting / audit reports, and matters requiring higher-level decision to state-level empowered committee (SLEC) and ADB.

Program Management

85. State Level Project Empowered Committees. An SLEC has been established in Uttarakhand, chaired by each state‘s Chief Secretary, with Principal Secretary/Secretary of the Department of Tourism as member secretary and comprised of secretaries from relevant line departments.7 The SLEC have been empowered to take all decisions on behalf of the State and will (i) act as a policy making body, (ii) provide overall advice and guidance to the State‘s executing agency and PMU, and (iii) accord all approvals under the Project. 86. Project Management Unit. DoT has established a PMU, headed by a full-time program director (PD), and consisting of personnel drawn from relevant line departments and market. The PMU is the nodal agency for overall management of all program activities and will be responsible for: (i) project planning and budgeting; (ii) providing day-to-day assistance, supervision and guidance for the PIUs and their consultants; (iii) reviewing subprojects to satisfy ADB‘s due diligence requirements and approving subproject proposals submitted by PIU and line departments; (iv) bidding, evaluation and contract award; (v) managing and disbursing funds; (vi) reviewing compliance with loan covenants, contract specifications, work plans and quality control; (vii) consolidating and submitting progress reports, finance and accounting/audit reports, and matters requiring higher-level decision, to the SLEC and ADB. The PMU will be supported by a team of consultants. 87. Project Implementation Unit. The IA will have PIUs for the implementation and monitoring of subprojects, comprising of personnel drawn from relevant line departments and

7The members of the Uttarakhand SLEC will be: Chief Secretary (chair); Principal Secretary/Secretary, Department of

Tourism; Secretary, Department of Finance; Secretary, Planning Department; Secretary, Public Works Department; Secretary, Forests and Environment Department; Secretary, Urban Development Department; Secretary, Religious Affairs; Secretary, Department of Power; Secretary, Sports Department; Secretary, Civil Aviation; Secretary, Revenue Department; Secretary, Department of Health; Secretary, Horticulture Department; Secretary, Department of Industries; Secretary, Department of Law; Secretary, Culture; Secretary, Department of Transport;

and Chief Executive Officer, UTDB.

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outside of government (market) and each headed by a project manager. The PIUs will be responsible for: (i) prioritizing and preparing subproject proposals; (ii) providing day-to-day assistance, supervision and guidance to the design and supervision consultants; (iii) conducting detailed assessments and surveys including public consultation and input from stakeholders; (iv) preparing detailed designs, specifications, schedule of quantity, bidding documents, and related documentation; (v) implementing civil works and related activities; (vi) reporting to PMU; (vii) preparing regular progress reports for the SLEC, the executing agency and ADB through PMU; and (viii) supervising construction, conducting quality control, approving progress payments to contractors; and (ix) maintaining records and accounts on an up-to-date basis and making these available to ADB, its missions, or auditors for inspection. 88. Project Management Consultants. The Project Management Consultants (PMC) will be engaged to provide support to the PMU in overall planning, risk management, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of projects under the Investment Program. The PMC will also assist the PMU and PIUs in meeting the relevant requirements of ADB, Government of Uttarakhand, and Government of India for project implementation. The PMC will report to and work under the overall guidance of the PMU. The scope of services of the PMCs will include but not necessarily be limited to: (i) planning, reporting, and communication; (ii) establishment of procedures and systems; (iii) review and preparation of plans, manuals and reports; (iv) overall Investment Program management, monitoring and implementation of PPMS; and (v) social, environmental, archaeological, occupational health and safety, community participation and gender action compliance monitoring. 89. Design and Supervision Consultants. The DSCs will be engaged to provide all necessary support to and coordination with the EA, IAs, PMU and any other consultants engaged by the authorities to achieve the desired outcomes of the Investment Program. For Uttarakhand, 2 DSC teams will be required. The DSCs will report to and work under the overall guidance of the PIUs. The scope of services of the DSCs will include but not necessarily be limited to: (i) surveys, verification of feasibility studies and base maps; (ii) project planning and management support to the PIU; (iii) finalization of design criteria, preparation of manuals, guidelines and systems; (iv) preparation of detailed design and bid documents; (v) construction management and contract administration; (vi) environmental, social, archaeological, cultural heritage, community participation and gender action compliance monitoring; and (vii) capacity building of the service providers for operational sustainability.

Safeguards Management

90. An Environmental Staff is deputized to the PMU, and responsible for implementation of the environmental safeguard provisions. 91. Within the PMC team, a Safeguards Specialist provides overall direction for management of environmental and social issues, and provides technical support to the PMU including implementation of the environmental requirements, according to ADB requirements, and assists in monitoring impacts and mitigation measures associated with subprojects. The responsibilities of the PMC Safeguards Specialist – Environment include but not limited to: (i) review the updated IEE prepared by the DSCs for Project 2 after the detailed designs, and guide the DSCs/PIUs to address observations from ADB on the IEEs/EMPs; (ii) ensure that the project design and specification adequately reflect the IEEs/EMP; (iii) support PMU in ensuring conformance to the ADB Safeguards Policy Statement (SPS) 2009 on environmental safeguards and the provisions of the EARF; (iv) prepare IEEs and other safeguards reports for subsequent projects under the Investment Program; (v) assist PMU in establishing grievance

41

redress mechanism under the Investment Program; (vi) guide and monitor DSC safeguard specialists‘ works on environmental safeguards; (vii) based on the project requirements, carry out site visits along with the PMU to address issues if any, with respect to EMP implementation; (viii) carry out capacity building of the PMU/PIU environmental safeguards personnel; (ix) assist PMU in review of the monthly monitoring reports from PIU of EMP implementation, and in reparation and submission of semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB; (x) coordinate in obtaining of requisite clearances, permits, and approvals for the project; (xi) monitor construction activities to ensure in compliance with the IEE/EMP and advise DSCs/PIUs for compliance with statutory requirements; (xii) review and approve the Contractor‘s Implementation Plan for the environmental measures as per IEE/EMP; (xiii) establish dialogue with affected communities and ensure that the environmental concerns and suggestions are incorporated and implemented in the project; (xiv) review environmental performance of the project through an assessment of the periodic environmental monitoring reports submitted by the DSC, and initiate necessary follow-up actions; (xv) provide support and assistance to government agencies and ADB to supervise the implementation of the IEE/EMP during the construction as well as operation stage of the project; (xvi) assist the PMU/PIUs in disclosure of the safeguards documents in accordance with the EARF requirements; and (xvii) ensure IEEs/EMPs are reviewed and approved by ADB prior to contract award. 92. The Environmental Specialist of the DSC team will: (i) assist in preparing and update subproject IEEs in respect to EMPs in compliance with the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, national- and state-level environmental policies, rules, and regulations; (ii) interact on a regular basis with the sector specialists of the DSC and integrate environmentally sound practices into the detailed design of project components. Include mitigation measures in designs where appropriate, and to specify other measures in construction contracts; (iii) assist the PIU in monitoring impacts and mitigation measures associated with subprojects in accordance with the IEEs, EMPs, and/or environmental mitigation action plan as well as any other environmental issues and take corrective actions where needed; (iv) assist in the review and approval of site specific environmental enhancement/mitigation designs worked out by the Contractor to ensure compliance with the IEE and EMP; (v) assist the PIU in preparing monthly and annual environmental compliance reports for all works in accordance with the EMP for each of the subprojects and the overall Project; (vi) develop, organise and deliver environmental training programs and workshops for the staff of the PIU and Contractors and in accordance to the Capacity Building Program as specified in the IEE. Provide training to the PIU for environmental management and monitoring during construction and operation; (vii) advise PMU/PIU for compliance with statutory clearances; (viii) develop good practice construction guidelines to assist the contractors in implementing the provisions of IEE; (ix) work with local NGOs to conduct environmental awareness events which highlight conservation and benefits of eco-tourism principles; and (x) assist Environmental Specialist of the PMU to prepare good practice dissemination notes based on the experience gained from site supervision. 93. Contractors will be required by their contracts to implement all specified mitigation, monitoring, and reporting assigned to contractors as presented in subproject IEE. Environmental monitoring will be undertaken by the PMU supported by the PMC Environmental Specialist. 94. The project includes upfront8 and ongoing supervision and training assistance for environmental monitoring reporting in project management structures. The effective

8Upfront capacity for environmental safeguards is ensured through bridging TA consultants hired to train and

familiarize safeguards staff on the ADB SPS and other implementation requirements.

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implementation of the measures proposed will be ensured through the building up of capacity towards environmental management within the PMU supplemented with the technical expertise of a Safeguards Specialist as part of the DSC Consultants. B. Environmental Monitoring Plan

95. Environmental monitoring will be done during construction in three levels; namely monitoring development of project performance indicators done by the DSC Environmental Specialist, monitoring implementation of mitigation measures done by the Contractor; and overall regulatory monitoring of the environmental issues done by the PMU Environmental Specialist. The environmental monitoring plan for the project is presented in Table 7. The proposed monitoring of all relevant environmental parameters, with a description of the sampling stations, frequency of monitoring, applicable standards and responsible agencies are presented.

Table 7: Monitoring Plan for the Uttarakhand Subprojects Sl. No.

Attributes Stage Parameters to be

Monitored Location Frequency Responsibility

1 Air Quality

Construction Stage

RPM, SPM, SO2, NOx, CO

All construction sites

Once in a season (except monsoons) for the entire construction period

Contractor, to be monitored through approved Monitoring Agency

2 Water quality Construction TDS, TSS, pH, Hardness, BOD, Faecal Coli form


Twice a year (pre monsoon and post monsoon) for the entire period of construction


3 Asan Barrage health quality monitoring

Construction stage, to be followed up during project operation

,Physico-chemical characteristics,


Continuous State Pollution Control Board and Department of Forest


Water quality of the Asan Barrage for pesticides, hardness and heavy metals


Three times a year (peak of summer, winter and monsoon)

Forest Department

4 Biodiversity Operation stage Habitat quality (using standard vegetation analysis techniques) by permanent vegetation plots in each habitat

Asan Barrage Recreation Sub-zone

Once in a year (for 3 days in December) compared with the baseline data

Forest department with support from NGOs/ communities

Heritage protection

Construction stage,

Visual inspection of works at heritage buildings

All ASI sites Continuous DSC/ ASI/ PIU

4 Noise Levels – silence zones

Construction Stage

Equivalent Day & Night Time Noise Levels


Once in a season during construction stage


5 Survival Rate of landscaping

Operation Stage Survival Rate In the landscaped portions

Twice a year for two years

Forest Department

6 Socio- Operation stage Income levels, The surrounding Once a year, for Tourism department,

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Sl. No.

Attributes Stage Parameters to be

Monitored Location Frequency Responsibility

economic monitoring

livelihood options, especially on tourism

villages to ensure equitable distribution of economic benefits to local communities

five years from the completion of the project

along with the village eco development committees and forest department

Notes: RPM = respirable particulate matter, SPM = suspended particulate matter; SO2 = sulphur dioxide; NOx = nitrogen oxides; CO = carbon monoxide; TDS = total dissolved solids; TSS = total suspended solids; BOD = biological oxygen demand

C. Capacity Building

1. Target Audience 96. The Environmental Specialist of the DSC will provide the basic training required for environmental awareness followed by specific aspects of infrastructure improvement Projects along with Environmental implications for projects located within / in the vicinity of natural and cultural heritage sites. Specific modules customized for the available skill set will be devised after assessing the capabilities of the members of the Training Programme and the requirements of the project. The entire training would cover basic principles of environmental assessment and management; mitigation plans and programmes, implementation techniques, monitoring methods and tools. The proposed training program along with the frequency of sessions is presented in Table 8 below.

Table 8: Training Modules for Environmental Management

Programme Description Participants Form of Training

Duration/ Location

Training Conducting

Agency

A. Pre-Construction Stage

Sensitization Workshop

Introduction to Environment: Basic Concept of environment Environmental Regulations and Statutory requirements as per Government of India and ADB

Tourism / Forest / Roads / Culture Department Officials, Project Director (PD) and Environmental Specialist (ES) of the PMU/PIU

Workshop ½ Working Day

Environmental Specialist of the DSC

Session I

Module I Introduction to Environment: Basic Concept of environment Safeguards Regulations and Statutory requirements as per Govt of India and ADB Guidelines on cultural resources, Environmental considerations in planning, design and implementing projects

PMU/PIU (including the ES) and Engineering staff of the implementing agencies

Lecture 1Working Day

Safeguards Specialist of the DSC

Module II Environmental components impacted in construction and operation stages

PMU/PIU (including the ES) and Engineering staff of Tourism dept

Workshop ¼ Working Day


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Duration/ Location

Training Conducting

Agency

Activities causing pollution during construction and operation stages Environmental Management Environmental Provisions Implementation Arrangements Methodology of Assessment Good engineering practices to be integrated into contract documents

Module IV Improved Co-ordination with other Departments: Statutory Permissions – Procedural Requirements Co-operation & Co-ordination with other Departments.


Lecture / Interactive Sessions

1Working Day


Module III Environmental considerations in planning, designing and implementing heritage buildings and conservation projects


Lecture / Interactive Sessions and site visits

2 working days

Safeguards specialist of the PMC with support from the Conservation specialist of the PMC

Module V Environmental principles of eco-tourism (as per Uttarakhand eco tourism policies) and training and awareness building on aspects of the Asan Reserve Management Plan

Local Community Groups, NGOs


½ Working Day

Institutes as the Wildlife institute of India

B. Construction Stage

Session II

Module VI Role during Construction Roles and Responsibilities of officials / contractors / consultants towards protection of environment Implementation Arrangements Monitoring mechanisms

Engineers and staff of line departments of the Government of Uttarakhand, and PMU/PIU (including the ES)


½ Working Day


Module VII Monitoring and Reporting System

Engineers and staff of implementing agencies , and PMU/PIU (including the ES)


½ Working Day


Session III

Module VI Identification of bird species in Asan Wetland, habits of species, biology and ecology of important species Basic knowledge of

Staff of forest department, youth in the villages in periphery of the wetland, and other NGOs in the district

Site visits, interactive sessions

5-7 working days

Institutes as the Wildlife institute of India

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Duration/ Location

Training Conducting

Agency

reptiles, amphibians and fauna Identification of plants, including medicinal plants Orientation on wetland ecology, monitoring methods, use of instruments as binoculars, digital camera, GPS, etc.

Module VII Skill upgrade on ecotourism and nature guides Dealing with tourists, Interpretational skills, micro-planning, natural resources, management of self-help groups, etc.

youth in the villages in the periphery, and other NGOs in the district

Site visits, interactive sessions

5-7 working days

Tourism department, and Institutes as the Wildlife institute of India

Notes: PMU = Project Management Unit; PIU = Project Implementation Unit; PMC = Project Management Consultant; DSC = Design and Supervision Consultant; ES = Environment Specialist; NGO – non-government organization; D. Environmental Budget

97. As part of good engineering practices in the project, there have been several measures as erosion prevention, rehabilitation of borrow areas, safety, signage, provision of temporary drains, etc., the costs for which will be included in the design costs of specific subprojects. Therefore, these items of costs have not been included in the IEE budget. Only those items not covered under budgets for construction are costed in the IEE budget. The IEE costs include mitigation, monitoring and capacity building costs. The summary budget for the environmental management costs for the subproject is presented in Table 9.

Table 9: Environmental Budget

Item Quantity Unit Cost (US$) Sub-total

Cost (US$) Source of Funds

Environmental Monitoring

(a) Design Stage to establish baseline environmental data

Lump sum

$2,000 per component

$18,000 DSC Cost

(b) Construction Phase $ 5000 per component-

$ 45000- EMP costs, to be part of the Contractor‘s costs

(c) O&M - - Implementing agencies‘ cost

Capacity Building Expenses $25000 $25,000 PMC/DSC Cost

E. Environmental Monitoring and Reporting

98. The PMU will monitor and measure the progress of EMP implementation. The monitoring activities will be corresponding with the project‘s risks and impacts and will be identified in the EIAs/IEEs for the subprojects. In addition to recording information of the work, deviation of work components from original scope, the PMU and PIU will undertake site inspections and document review to verify compliance with the EMP and progress toward the final outcome.

46

99. DSC will submit monthly monitoring and implementation reports to PIU, who will take follow-up actions, if necessary. PIU will submit the quarterly monitoring and implementation reports to PMU who will then submit to the PD. The PMU will submit semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB. The suggested monitoring report format is in Appendix 4. Project budgets will reflect the costs of monitoring and reporting requirements. For subprojects likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts during operation, reporting will continue at the minimum on an annual basis. Monitoring reports will be posted in a location accessible to the public. 100. For projects likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts, the EA will retain qualified and experienced external experts to verify its monitoring information. The EA will document monitoring results, identify the necessary corrective actions, and reflect them in a corrective action plan. The EA, in each quarter, will study the compliance with the action plan developed in the previous quarter. Compliance with loan covenants will be screened by the EA. 101. ADB will review project performance against the EA‘s commitments as agreed in the legal documents. The extent of ADB's monitoring and supervision activities will be commensurate with the Project‘s risks and impacts. Monitoring and supervising of social and environmental safeguards will be integrated into the project performance management system. ADB will monitor projects on an ongoing basis until a project completion report is issued. ADB will carry out the following monitoring actions to supervise project implementation:

(i) conduct periodic site visits for projects with adverse environmental or social impacts;

(ii) conduct supervision missions with detailed review by ADB‘s safeguard specialists/officers or consultants for projects with significant adverse social or environmental impacts;

(iii) review the periodic monitoring reports submitted by EA to ensure that adverse impacts and risks are mitigated as planned and as agreed with ADB;

(iv) work with EA to rectify to the extent possible any failures to comply with their safeguard commitments, as covenanted in the legal agreements, and exercise remedies to re-establish compliance as appropriate; and

(v) prepare a project completion report that assesses whether the objective and desired outcomes of the safeguard plans have been achieved, taking into account the baseline conditions and the results of monitoring.

VI. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

A. Process for Consultation followed

102. During Project preparation, consultations have been held with the EA, IA, Kumaon Mandal Vikas Nigam (KMVN), Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nigam (GMVN), Forest Department, ASI and other agencies on selection of subprojects and identification of key issues including addressing the current gaps in provision of basic services and improvement of tourist infrastructure. Table 10 provides the list of stakeholders consulted during the preparation of this IEE.

47

Table 10: Consultations with Stakeholders Tourism Department Forest Department Other Agencies

Mr. Rakesh Sharma, Principal Secretary, Tourism Mr. S.S.Singh, Financial Controller, Uttarakhand Tourism Development Board (UTDB) Mr. A.K.Dwivedi, Joint Director, Tourism Mr. A.K.Singh, Joint Director, Tourism Mr. N.K.Jha, Addl Secy, Tourism Mr. R.C.Bharadwaj, Deputy Director (Adventure Tourism), UTDB Mr. Y.K.Gangwar, District Tourism Officer, Dehradun Mr. Kirti Chand Arya, District Adventure Sports Officer, US Nagar Ms.Lata Bisht, District Adventure Sports Officer, Naini Tal Mr. Bipin Chandra Pande, Senior Managar, Kumaon Mandal Vikas Nigam (KMVN), Bhimtal, Naini Tal Mr. D.S.Rana, Assistant Engineer, Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nigam (GMVN) Mr. Yogesh Panth, Assistant Engineer, KMVN, Naini Tal Mr. Chetan Papnai, Junior Engineer, KMVN, Naini Tal

Dr.S.K.Gupta, Divisional Forest Officer, Ecotourism, Forest Department Dr.Dheeraj Pandey, Divisional Forest Officer, Chakrata Forest Division, Kalsi, (Asan Barrage) Mr. C. P. Sharma, SDO, Forest Department, Asan Barrage

Mr. N.K.Maheshwari, Uttarakhand Jal Vidyut Nigam Mr. Devdhar Dubey, Surveyor, Archaeological Survey of India, Dehradun Mr. D.D.Verma, Nayab Tehsildar (Revenue Department), Tehsil Chakrata Mr. Dileep Beniwal, Water Sports Coach, Bengal Sappers (Indian Army), Roorkee Mr. Piyush Sharma, Director & Entrepreneur, Adventure Sports club, Roorkee

B. Plan for Continued Public Participation

103. To ensure continued public participation, provisions to ensure regular and continued stakeholder participation, at all stages during the project design and implementation is proposed. A grievance redressal cell will be set up within the PIU to register grievances of the people regarding technical, social and environmental aspects. This participatory process will ensure that all views of the people are adequately reviewed and suitably incorporated in the design and implementation process. Further, to ensure an effective disclosure of the project proposals to the stakeholders and the communities in the vicinity of the subproject locations, an extensive project awareness campaigns will be carried out. 104. The implementing agency will submit to ADB the following documents for disclosure on ADB‘s website: (i) the final IEE; (ii) a new or updated IEE and corrective action plan prepared during project implementation, if any; and (iii) the environmental monitoring reports. 105. For the benefit of the community a summary of the IEE will be translated in the local language and made available at: (i) Office of the PMU; and, (ii) Office of the District

48

Commissioner in the districts of Dehradun, Haridwar, Pauri Garhwal, Pithoragarh, Nainital and Udhamsingh Nagar. These copies will be made available free of cost to any person seeking information on the same. Hard copies of the IEE will be available in the PMU/PIU as well as the district library at the district headquarters in the Dehradun, Haridwar, Pauri Garhwal, Pithoragarh, Nainital and Udhamsingh Nagar districts, and accessible to citizens as a means to disclose the document and at the same time creating wider public awareness. On demand, the person seeking information can obtain a hard copy of the complete IEE document at the cost of photocopy from the office of the PMU/PIU, on a written request and payment for the same to the Project Director. Electronic version of the IEE will be placed in the official website of the Tourism Department and the website of ADB after approval of the documents by Government and ADB. The PMU will issue notification on the disclosure mechanism in local newspapers, ahead of the initiation of implementation of the project, providing information on the project, as well as the start dates, etc. The notice will be issued by the PMU in local newspapers one month ahead of the implementation works. This will create awareness of the project implementation among the public. Posters designed to mass campaign the basic tenets of the IEE will be distributed to libraries in different localities that will be generating mass awareness. C. Grievance Redress Mechanism

106. The EA will establish a mechanism to receive and facilitate resolution of affected peoples‘ concerns, complaints, and grievances about the Project‘s environmental performance. The project-specific grievance redress mechanism (GRM) is not intended to bypass the government‘s own redress process; rather it is intended to address affected people's concerns and complaints promptly, making it readily accessible to all segments of the affected people and is scaled to the risks and impacts of the Project. 107. The PMU and PIUs will make the public aware of the GRM through public awareness campaigns. Grievances can be filed in writing using the Complaint Register and Complaint Forms (Appendix 5) or by phone with any member of the PMU or PIU. The contact phone number of the PIUs and the PMU will serve as a hotline for complaints and will be publicized through the media and placed on notice boards outside their offices and at construction sites. The safeguard documents made available to the public in an accessible version will include information on the GRM and will be widely disseminated throughout the corridor by the safeguards officers in the PMU and PIUs with support from the NGO engaged to implement the Community Awareness Program. 108. The PIUs will convene Grievance Redress Committees (GRC) within one week of the voiced grievance at the project level consisting of members of local government, NGOs, project staff, and representatives of the affected people. Decisions on the grievance are to be made within 15 days of committee forming. If the grievance cannot be solved, the PMU is notified to further advise on the situation with higher government and legal bodies. 109. The GRC will ensure rights of vulnerable and poor are included. The grievance mechanism will be scaled to the risks and adverse impacts of the Project. It will address affected people's concerns and complaints promptly, using an understandable and transparent process that is gender responsive, culturally appropriate, and readily accessible to all segments of the affected people at no costs and without retribution. The mechanism developed will be in a manner that it shall not impede access to the existing judicial or administrative remedies. The affected people will be appropriately informed about the mechanism.

49

110. The PIU officers will be responsible for processing and placing all papers before the GRC, maintaining database of complaints, recording decisions, issuing minutes of the meetings and monitoring to see that formal orders are issued and the decisions carried out. All costs involved in resolving the complaints (meetings, consultations, communication and reporting / information dissemination) will be borne by the PMU. 111. The safeguard monitoring reports will include the following aspects pertaining to progress on grievances: (i) number of cases registered with the GRC, level of jurisdiction (first, second and third tiers), number of hearings held, decisions made, and the status of pending cases; and (ii) lists of cases in process and already decided upon may be prepared with details such as Name, ID with unique serial number, date of notice, date of application, date of hearing, decisions, remarks, actions taken to resolve issues, and status of grievance (i.e., open, closed, pending).

VII. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

112. The proposed subproject components involve various interventions in and around the natural and cultural heritage destinations. However, the selection of components in line with the subproject selection criteria, and ensuring that the components are in line with the management plan for the park as an Conservation Reserve avoids any significant encroachment / direct impact onto environmentally sensitive locations or protected area networks. Further, the siting of the locations for the components has been based on appropriate considerations to minimize environmental impacts. The subproject will conform to all Government and ADB regulations, policies, and standards including all necessary government permits and clearances. 113. The significance of the environmental impacts will be more due to the construction related impacts. It is to be noted that the resultant potential impacts from these proposals can be offset through provision of proven mitigation measures during the design and adoption of good engineering practices during construction and implementation. Further, the provision of environmental infrastructure, including access to sanitation and waste management facilities within the tourist areas, will better the environmental conditions and minimize the pollution related and aesthetic quality near the tourist areas and the other destinations. 114. The specific management measures laid down in the IEE will effectively address any adverse environmental impacts due to the subproject. The effective implementation of the measures proposed will be ensured through the building up of capacity towards environmental management within the PMU supplemented with the technical expertise of a Safeguards Specialist as part of the PMC and DSC Consultants. Further, the environmental monitoring plans provide adequate opportunities towards course correction to address any residual impacts during construction or operation stages.

VIII. CONCLUSIONS

115. The IEE carried out for the subproject show that the proposed sub-components will result in net environmental benefits, and that any adverse environmental impact can be addressed through proper location, planning, and design of the proposed subproject; control of construction activity and mitigation measures. The EMP provides for mitigation of all identified impacts and the contract clauses for the environmental provisions will be part of the civil works contracts. Further, the proposed subproject elements have been consulted with the stakeholders and no significant issues requiring redressal in terms of environmental safeguards exist.

50

116. Based on the findings of the IEE, the classification of the subproject as Category ―B‖ is confirmed, and no further special study or detailed EIA needs to be undertaken to comply with ADB SPS (2009) for the following reasons:

(i) No significant impacts are expected as subprojects are characterized by small-scale improvements (e.g., picnic areas, toilet facilities, rehabilitation of tourist welcome/info centers, etc.) which will improve environmental management and quality of infrastructure at tourist destinations. (ii) No natural or critical habitats or sensitive ecological areas will be impacted. Although one subproject is located in a legally protected area (Asan Barrage Community Reserve), subprojects are located outside ecologically sensitive areas and are consistent with defined protected area management plans that prescribe conservation zones where no activity is allowed. Therefore, the subprojects are consistent with ADB SPS for conserving biodiversity by (i) avoiding natural and critical habitats; (ii) ensuring consistency with defined protected area management plans; and (iii) implementing additional capacity building, awareness raising, and training programs for livelihood development and protected area conservation for the sustainable management of these areas. (iii) Subprojects do not endanger heritage or archaeological resources, and further precautions taken under the Project include: (i) Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to review/clear all designs and supervise all works for the two ASI heritage sites; (ii) heritage and conservation specialists of the consultant teams to do the same; (iv) ASI-certified contractors with proven track record for working in heritage sites to be selected; (v) archaeological impact assessment required prior to works; and (vi) chance find procedures incorporated into the EMP further ensure that impacts are avoided. (iv) All subprojects were prepared in consultation with primary and secondary stakeholders where no objections were raised and inputs were incorporated into project designs. (v) The Project makes special provisions for environmental training and education to promote biodiversity conservation through participatory approaches with local communities. (vi) Induced impacts are addressed through the Project by supporting the implementation of management plans and state eco-tourism policies which support low-impact site and regional development. The state Forest Departments and Tourism Departments oversee these plans and policies. The Project‘s capacity building component works at two levels: (i) strengthening the capacity of state government implementing agencies at both their headquarters and branch divisions to implement these plans; and (ii) raising awareness and capacity to implement these plans at the community level targeting NGOs, community based organizations, and local government bodies. Capacity building will emphasize coordinated efforts amongst these different level stakeholders and will include joint activities to build partnerships. (vii) Induced impacts are also addressed through loan covenants that ensure implementation of relevant protected area management plans, government policies, and regulatory controls (such as waste management, etc.). (viii) Monitoring of civil works will be done by specialists on the supervision consultant team and relevant state and central government agencies.

Appendix 1 51

APPENDIX 1: CONTRACT CLAUSES TO BE INTEGRATED INTO BID DOCUMENTS

1.0 GENERAL 1.1 The Contractor will be responsible for implementation of environmental provisions outlined in the EMP, in addition to adhering to all environmental provisions in the applicable specifications for the works will be adhered to as part of good engineering practices. 1.2 All works undertaken towards protection of environmental resources as part of the EMP and as part of good engineering practices while adhering to relevant specifications will be deemed to be incidental to works being carried out and no separate payment will be made unless otherwise specified explicitly. The costs towards environmental management as per EMP unless otherwise provided as a separate head, will be deemed to be part of the BoQ of the project. The scope of works of the contractor towards the implementation of the environmental provisions will be as follows:

(i) Abide by all existing Environmental regulations and requirements of the Government of India , during implementation,

(ii) Compliance with all mitigation measures and monitoring requirements set out in the Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

(iii) Submission of a method statement detailing how the subproject EMP will be complied with. This will include methods and schedule of monitoring.

(iv) Monitoring of project environmental performance and periodic submission of monitoring reports.

(v) Compliance with all measures required for construction activities in sensitive areas, including Protected areas (natural tourism assets) and heritage monuments, in line with the regulatory requirements of these Protected / Heritage areas, and the guidelines set forth in the management plans for these areas, including the necessary archaeological surveys prior to commencement of works, obtaining clearances/permits to excavate & construct in protected areas..

(vi) Compliance of all safety rules at work, and Provision of adequate health and safety measures such as water, food, sanitation, personal protective equipment, workers insurance, and medical facilities.

1.3 The detailed provisions for specific environmental issues will be as outlined in the EMP table on impacts and mitigation measures. Key clauses are outlined in the following sections. 2.0 MOVEMENT / CIRCULATION PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION 2.1 For all construction activities in active tourist destinations, the Contractor will prior to initiation of construction activities, prepare and get approved by the Engineer, a construction plan including the staging, sequencing of construction activities, circulation plans to ensure smooth movement to pilgrims and tourists, including provision of alternative routes, etc. The plans will be disseminated at key entry points to these tourist locations. 3.0 QUARRY AND BORROWING 3.1 The contractor will identify and seek prior approval of the engineer for quarrying and borrowing operations. Quarry and borrowing will be carried only from locations approved by the engineer. Quarrying, if required in the project will be only from approved quarries and no new

52 Appendix 1

quarries will be opened for the purposes of the project. Any deviation from the provisions will be immediately notified and approval of the engineer is to be sought. 3.2. The Contractor will maintain all borrow sites, stockpiles, and spoil disposal areas so as to assure the stability and safety of the works and that any adjacent feature is not endangered, and to assure free and efficient natural and artificial drainage, and to prevent erosion. Stockpiling of materials (topsoil, fill material, gravel, aggregates, and other construction materials) will not be allowed during rainy season unless covered by a suitable material. Storage on private property will be allowed if written permission is obtained from the owner or authorized lessee. 3.3. Borrow areas and quarries will be sited, worked, and restored in accordance with the specifications. Spoils will be disposed of at approved disposal sites prepared, filled, and restored in accordance with the related specification requirements. 3.4. Following excavation for the works, the Contractor will take all steps necessary to complete drainage and slope protection works in advance of each mining season. Erosion or instability or sediment deposition arising from operations not in accordance with specifications will be made good immediately by the Contractor at the Contractor‘s expense. The Contractor will take all steps necessary to complete drainage in advance of each rainy season in the areas excavated for borrow materials. 3.5. For excavation activities in and around the Uttarakhand Department of Archaeology or ASI protected monuments, the Contractor will carry out the same only after duly obtaining permits/licenses for the same in line with the provisions of the legislations governing these activities in monuments. 4.0 DEBRIS DISPOSAL 4.1 The contractor will prior to start of construction and dismantling operations identify potential sites for disposal of hazardous construction debris, sites for general construction wastes and domestic wastes from construction camps. The contractor will obtain approval on identified sites from the Engineer of Supervision Consultant and disposal will be only after consent letter from the Engineer. 5.0 PRECAUTIONS FOR PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5.1 The Contractor will ensure that construction activities do not result in any contamination of land or water by polluting substances. 5.2 Unless otherwise provided in the specifications, the Contractor will ensure that no trees or shrubs or waterside vegetation are felled or harmed except those required to be cleared for execution of the works. The Contractor will protect trees and vegetation from damage to the satisfaction of the Engineer. 5.3 The Contractor will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works and to the extent practicable, will ensure that fuels other than wood are used for cooking and heating in all camps and living accommodations. Any wood so used must be harvested legally, and the Contractor will provide the Engineer with copies of the relevant permits, if required.

Appendix 1 53

5.4 The Contractor will take all precautions necessary to ensure that vegetation existing adjacent to the project site is not affected by fires arising from the execution of the contract. Should a fire occur in the natural vegetation or plantation adjacent to the project site for any reason, the Contractor will immediately suppress it. Areas of forest, shrub, or plantation damaged by fire considered by the Engineer to have been initiated by the Contractor‘s staff or laborers will be replanted or otherwise restored. 5.5 The Contractor will confine operations to the dry season, use silt traps and dispose spoils in locations approved by the Engineer that will not promote instability and result in destruction of property, vegetation, irrigation and water supply. Disposal near wetlands, protected areas, and other areas that will inconvenience or deprive local residents of their livelihood will not be allowed. Acidic and saline spoils will not be spread into agricultural land. 5.6 The Contractor will consult with local residents and local government before locating project offices, sheds, and construction plant. The work camps will not be located near settlements, near drinking water supply intakes, protected areas, or wildlife habitats. 5.7 The Contractor will maintain ecological balance by preventing felling of trees, water pollution and defacing of natural landscape. The Contractor will, so conduct his cleaning operations, as to prevent any avoidable destruction, scarring or defacing of natural surroundings in the vicinity of the archaeological site. In respect of ecological balance, the Contractor will observe the following instructions. 5.8 In the conduct of cleaning activities and operation of equipment, the Contractor will utilize such practicable methods and devices as are reasonably available to control, prevent and otherwise minimize air/noise pollution. 6.0 NOISE AND AIR POLLUTION 6.1 All works will be carried out without unreasonable noise and air pollution. Subject and without prejudice to any other provision of the Contract and the law of the land and its obligation as applicable, the Contractor will take all precautions outlined in the EMP to avoid the air and noise pollution. 6.2 The Contractor will monitor the environmental parameters periodically as specified in the monitoring plan and report to the Engineer. 6.3 The Contractor will indemnify and keep indemnified the Employer from and against any liability for damages on account of noise or other disturbance created while carrying out the work, and from and against all claims, demands, proceedings, damages, costs, charges, and expenses, whatsoever, in regard or in relation to such liability. 7.0 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION 7.1 The Contractor will, in accordance with the safety and health provisions specified in the EMP, provide workers with a safe and healthy working environment, in the work areas, through application of preventive and protective measures consistent with international good practice, as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group‘s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines. The borrower/client will take steps to prevent accidents, injury, and disease arising from, associated with, or occurring during the course of work by

54 Appendix 1

(i) Providing preventive and protective measures, including modification, substitution, or elimination of hazardous conditions or substances;

(ii) Providing appropriate equipment to minimize risks and requiring and enforcing its use;

(iii) Training workers and providing them with appropriate incentives to use and comply with health and safety procedures and protective equipment;

(iv) Documenting and reporting occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents; and (v) Having emergency prevention, preparedness, and response arrangements in

place.

8.0 POST CONSTRUCTION CLEARANCE 8.1 On completion of work, wherever applicable, the Contractor will clear away and remove from the sites all constructional plant, surplus materials, rubbish, scaffoldings, and temporary works of every kind and leave the whole of the sites and works in a clean condition to the satisfaction of the Engineer. 8.2 Construction camp sites post construction will be cleared as specified in the EMP and handed over to the Owner. It will be ensured by the contractor that the site handed over is in line with the conditions of temporary acquisition signed by both parties.

Appendix 2 55

APPENDIX 2: RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (REA) CHECKLIST Country / Project Title: India Infrastructure Development Sector Investment Program for

Tourism – Project 2: Uttarakhand

Sector Division: SAUW

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS

Project Siting Is the project area…

Densely populated?

Heavy with development activities?

Adjacent to or within any environmentally sensitive areas?

Cultural heritage site The subprojects target small-scale improvements to cultural heritage sites for tourism promotion. Two (2) temples in the Yamuna Heritage Circuit are declared Ancient temples by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). The siting and design considerations were planned in coordination with ASI. All subprojects are consistent with ASI rules and regulations. The EMP includes measures to avoid and mitigate impacts during design and construction in compliance with ASI rules (e.g. 100 and 200 meter buffers)

Protected Area The subproject site in Asan Barrage is within a Conservation Reserve. However, the interventions will be on the existing Tourism Department/Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nigam (GMVN) facilities. The area has been delineated in the Asan Barrage Management Plan as a recreational sub-zone. The subprojects target small-scale improvements, are consistent with the Management Plan, and designed to be compliant with government environmental rules and regulations. Eco-tourism principles (e.g., low impact, small scale, community benefits) guide subproject design. The EMP includes measures to avoid and mitigate impacts in design and construction.

Wetland

Mangrove

Estuarine

Buffer zone of protected area

Special area for protecting biodiversity

Bay

Potential Environmental Impacts Will the Project cause….

Impacts on the sustainability of associated sanitation and solid waste disposal systems and their interactions with other urban services.

On-site improvements to tourism destination sites include toilets with septic tanks. The project includes procurement of additional solid waste vehicles to collect around the sports and adventure centers and to transport in the existing disposal facility. Solid waste to be linked with municipal systems.

56 Appendix 2


Deterioration of surrounding environmental conditions due to rapid urban population growth, commercial and industrial activity, and increased waste generation to the point that both manmade and natural systems are overloaded and the capacities to manage these systems are overwhelmed?

Potential induced impacts are addressed through the following: (i) local management plans at proposed sites specifically addressing the need to regulate tourism related development and planning in the area through coordination with related government departments; (ii) project-supported environmental awareness campaigns in surrounding communities to encourage eco-tourism related development; and (iii) central government policies automatically require EIA for development activities (≥20,000 sq m and <150,000 sq m of built-up areas) within 10 km of notified protected areas.

Degradation of land and ecosystems (e.g. loss of wetlands and wild lands, coastal zones, watersheds and forests)?

All proposed interventions are line with the provisions of the management plan for the Asan Barrage Conservation Reserve, ASI temple complexes, and Tourism Department facilities. The sites for the proposed project components are within areas identified as tourism areas.

Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people

Degradation of cultural property, and loss of cultural heritage and tourism revenues?

The project will avoid degradation of cultural properties through strict oversight by relevant archaeological authorities during implementation. Construction works to be timed to avoid peak tourist seasons and done through ASI-certified contractors.

Occupation of low-lying lands, floodplains and steep hillsides by squatters and low-income groups, and their exposure to increased health hazards and risks due to pollutive industries?

Air pollution due to urban emissions?

Social conflicts between construction workers from other areas and local workers?

Road blocking and temporary flooding due to land excavation during rainy season?

Civil works are limited to small areas (maximum of 500 square meters) thus will not involve road blocking. Conduct of construction activities will be minimized to avoid monsoon season.

Noise and dust from construction activities?

Anticipated during the construction activities. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) provides mitigation measures to reduce the impacts.

Traffic disturbances due to construction material transport and wastes?

Temporary silt runoff due to construction?

Hazards to public health due to ambient, household and occupational pollution, thermal inversion, and smog formation?

Water depletion and/or degradation? All drinking water schemes are site-specific public taps to be connected to municipal schemes with sustainable supplies. Septic tanks are designed to avoid groundwater pollution.

Overpaying of ground water, leading to land subsidence, lowered ground water table, and salinization?

Contamination of surface and ground waters due to improper waste disposal?

Pollution of receiving waters resulting in amenity losses, fisheries and marine

Appendix 2 57


resource depletion, and health problems?

Climate Change and Disaster Risk Questions The following questions are not for

environmental categorization. They are included in this checklist to help identify potential climate and disaster risks.

Yes No

Is the Project area subject to hazards such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, tropical cyclone winds, storm surges, tsunami or volcanic eruptions and climate changes (see Appendix I)?

Environmental factors like lithology, regolithic characteristics have very limited or no influence on the foundation, which is already found to be suitable, and the area is free from landslide problems. Any proposed facility will require compliance with government rules for seismic design.

Could changes in precipitation, temperature, salinity, or extreme events over the Project lifespan affect its sustainability or cost?

Are there any demographic or socio-economic aspects of the Project area that are already vulnerable (e.g. high incidence of marginalized populations, rural-urban migrants, illegal settlements, ethnic minorities, women or children)?

Proposed project will not impact any marginalized population, rural-urban migrants, illegal settlement etc.

Could the Project potentially increase the climate or disaster vulnerability of the surrounding area (e.g., increasing traffic or housing in areas that will be more prone to flooding, by encouraging settlement in earthquake zones)?

58 Appendix 3

APPENDIX 3: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (TEMPLATE)

Development of Ecotourism Facilities at Asan Barrage A. Introduction 1. The specific measures stated in the subproject‘s EMP will address all adverse environmental impacts. A detailed monitoring plan prepared as part of the IEE will ensure negative environmental impacts during implementation are mitigated. During the detailed design stage, the IEE/EMP will be further updated and stand-alone EMPs for each of the procurement packages will be prepared. These EMPs will be appended to the respective contract documents to enable integration of environmental provisions in the contract. B. Project Background

2. The India Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism (IDIPT) envisages an environmentally and culturally sustainable and socially inclusive tourism development, in the project states of Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand. The expected Impact of the Project in the four states is sustainable and inclusive tourism development in priority State tourism sub circuits divided into marketable cluster destinations that exhibit enhanced protection and management of key natural and cultural heritage tourism sites, improved market connectivity, enhanced destination and site environment and tourist support infrastructure, and enhanced capacities for sustainable destination and site development with extensive participation by the private sector and local communities. 3. As per the Asian Development Bank‘s (ADB) Environmental Assessment Guidelines, the subproject components have been categorized as ‗B‘ and an IEE carried out. Towards addressal of the construction impacts, this Environmental management plan (EMP) outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during implementation of the subproject has been prepared. During the detailed design, the IEE / EMP will be further updated and stand-alone EMPs for each of the procurement packages (and appended to the Contract document). This will enable integration of environmental provisions / management measures in the Contract Document. C. Description of the Subproject Component. (Provide description of the interventions, implementation schedule, permits/clearance required)

4. Components. Proposed tourism infrastructure includes: (Refer to the IEE and DPRs for each component) 5. Implementation Schedule. (Refer to updated implementation schedule from the DPR.) 6. Clearances/Approvals/Permits. The subproject is not covered in the ambit of the EIA notification. As a result, the categorization, and the subsequent environmental assessment and environmental clearance requirements, either from the state or the Government is not triggered. All activities adjacent in the Asan Barrage Conservation Reserve need approval by the Uttarakhand Chief Wildlife Warden. 7. Consent for Establishment (CFE) and Consent for Operation (CFO) from the Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Board (UEPPCB) for all components requiring,

Appendix 3 59

Ap

pe

ndix

3 59

setting up of hot mix plants, wet mix plants, stone crushers and diesel generators. To be obtained by the Contractor, prior to construction. 8. No Objection Certification from the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) will be obtained by the executing/implementing agencies prior to awards of civil works contract for the proposed component in the Yamuna Heritage Circuit. 9. If tree-cutting will be required during preparation of sites, permission will be obtained by the contractors from the State Forest Department prior to commencement of construction works. 10.. Consent for Establishment (CFE) and Consent for Operation (CFO) from the Uttarakhand Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Board (UEPPCB) for all subprojects requiring, setting up of hot mix plants, wet mix plants, stone crushers and diesel generators. To be obtained by the Contractor, prior to construction. 11. Telephone lines, electric poles and wires, water and sewer lines within the existing right-of-way (ROW) may be damaged. The mitigate the adverse impacts due to relocation of the utilities, the Design and Supervision Consultants (DSC) and PIU will: (i) identify and include locations and operators of these utilities in the detailed design documents to prevent unnecessary disruption of services during construction phase; and (ii) require construction contractors to prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruption of services. D. Brief Description of Baseline Environmental Condition (Provide information on the primary and secondary impact zones.)

E. Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

12. The assessment for each of the components has been carried out for potential impacts during the stages of the project planning and implementation. Impacts due to location are associated with site selection, including impacts on environment and resettlement or livelihood related impacts on communities. Impacts arising from project design, including the technology used, scale of operations, discharge standards, etc. Impacts resulting from construction activities including site clearance, earthworks, civil works, etc. Impacts associated with the operation and maintenance of the infrastructure built in the project.

13. Table 1 shows the potential environmental impacts and mitigation measures of the proposed subproject. F. Environmental Monitoring Plan

14. Environmental monitoring will be done during construction in three levels; namely monitoring development of project performance indicators done by the Environmental Specialist of the Design and Supervision Consultants, monitoring implementation of mitigation measures done by the Contractor; and overall regulatory monitoring of the environmental issues done by Environmental Specialist of the PMU. The environmental monitoring plan for the project is presented in Table 2. The proposed monitoring of all relevant environmental parameters, with a description of the sampling stations, frequency of monitoring, applicable standards and responsible agencies are presented.

60 Appendix 3

G. Indicators and Targets for Environmental Performance (provide indicators and targets, with measurable outcomes for the various environmental management provisions set forth in the EMP. See IEE for guidance.)

H. Institutional Arrangements

15. The PMU, oversees the implementation of the environmental provisions related to subproject implementation, its responsibilities include preparation and updating of IEEs consistent with the ADBs SPS and the environmental compliance requirements of the Government of Uttarakhand and the Government of India. 16. An Environmental Staff is deputized to the PMU, and responsible for implementation of the environmental safeguard provisions. Project Management Consultants (PMC) and Design and Supervision Consultants (DSC) are recruited to provide assistance to the PMU/PIUs in project implementation. 17. Within the PMC team, a Safeguards Specialist provides overall direction for management of environmental and social issues, and provides technical support to the PMU including implementation of the environmental requirements, according to ADB requirements, and assists in monitoring impacts and mitigation measures associated with subprojects. 18. Contractors will be required by their contracts to implement all specified mitigation, monitoring, and reporting assigned to contractors as presented in subproject IEE. Environmental monitoring will be undertaken by the PMU supported by the PMC Environmental Specialist. 19. The project includes upfront9 and ongoing supervision and training assistance for environmental monitoring reporting in project management structures. The effective implementation of the measures proposed will be ensured through the building up of capacity towards environmental management within the PMU supplemented with the technical expertise of a Safeguards Specialist as part of the DSC Consultants. I. Capacity Building

20. The Environmental Specialist of the DSC will provide the basic training required for environmental awareness followed by specific aspects of infrastructure improvement Projects along with Environmental implications for projects located within / in the vicinity of natural and cultural heritage sites. Specific modules customized for the available skill set will be devised after assessing the capabilities of the members of the Training Programme and the requirements of the project. The entire training would cover basic principles of environmental assessment and management; mitigation plans and programmes, implementation techniques, monitoring methods and tools. The proposed training program along with the frequency of sessions is presented in the main IEE of the subprojects in Uttarakhand. J. Environmental Budget

21. The budget for good engineering practices such as erosion prevention, rehabilitation of borrow areas, safety, signage, provision of temporary drains, etc., shall be included in the

9 Upfront capacity for environmental safeguards is ensured through bridging TA consultants hired to train and

familiarize safeguards staff on the ADB SPS and other implementation requirements.

Appendix 3 61

Ap

pe

ndix

3 61

design costs of specific subprojects. Costs for mitigation during construction stage shall be included in the civil works contract. K. Public consultation and information disclosure (Provide information on all public consultations held and issues discussed)

22. To ensure continued public participation, provisions to ensure regular and continued stakeholder participation, at all stages during the project design and implementation is proposed. A grievance redressal cell will be set up within the PIU to register grievances of the people regarding technical, social and environmental aspects. This participatory process will ensure that all views of the people are adequately reviewed and suitably incorporated in the design and implementation process. Further, to ensure an effective disclosure of the project proposals to the stakeholders and the communities in the vicinity of the subproject locations, an extensive project awareness campaigns will be carried out. 23. The implementing agency will submit to ADB the following documents for disclosure on ADB‘s website: (i) the final IEE; (ii) a new or updated IEE and corrective action plan prepared during project implementation, if any; and (iii) the environmental monitoring reports. 24. For the benefit of the community the Summary IEE will be translated in the local language and made available at: (i) Office of the PMU; and, (ii) Office of the District Commissioner. These copies will be made available free of cost to any person seeking information on the same. Hard copies of the IEE will be available in the PMU/PIU as well as the district libraries, and accessible to citizens as a means to disclose the document and at the same time creating wider public awareness. On demand, the person seeking information can obtain a hard copy of the complete IEE document at the cost of photocopy from the office of the PMU/PIU, on a written request and payment for the same to the Project Director. Electronic version of the IEE will be placed in the official website of the Tourism Department and the website of ADB after approval of the documents by Government and ADB. The PMU will issue notification on the disclosure mechanism in local newspapers, ahead of the initiation of implementation of the project, providing information on the project, as well as the start dates, etc. The notice will be issued by the PMU in local newspapers one month ahead of the implementation works. This will create awareness of the project implementation among the public. Posters designed to mass campaign the basic tenets of the IEE will be distributed to libraries in different localities that will be generating mass awareness. L. Grievance Redress Mechanism

25. The PMU and PIUs will make the public aware of the GRM through public awareness campaigns. Grievances can be filed in writing using the Complaint Register and Complaint Forms or by phone with any member of the PMU or PIU. The contact phone number of the PIUs and the PMU will serve as a hotline for complaints and will be publicized through the media and placed on notice boards outside their offices and at construction sites. The safeguard documents made available to the public in an accessible version will include information on the GRM and will be widely disseminated throughout the corridor by the safeguards officers in the PMU and PIUs with support from the NGO engaged to implement the Community Awareness Program.

62 Appendix 3

M. Environment-Related Clauses to be included in the Construction Contracts

26. Annex 1 provides the clauses to be included in the contracts to ensure environmental mitigation measures are implemented to reduce impacts of the subproject implementation.

Appendix 3 63

Table 1: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

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Location Impacts

1.1 Location impacts pertain to siting of facilities and improvements within the boundaries of the national park and temple monument complex and other cultural heritage destinations

Permanent Moderate Location of the subprojects within protected areas will be finalized in conformity to the provisions in the management plan. The proposed interventions will be mapped onto the plans of the management plan showing the zones, to ensure that there is conformity with the management plan. Siting of the components and planning of construction activities will be worked out to avoid sensitive ecological and cultural resource areas. Within radii of 100m and 300m from the ―protected property‖ are designated as ―protected area‖ and ―controlled area‖ respectively. No development activity (including building, mining, excavating, blasting) is permitted in the ―protected area‖ and development activities likely to damage the protected property are not permitted in the ―controlled area‖ without prior permission of the ASI Regional Office, Dehradun.

Along other significant tourist destinations, the siting of components will be in line with the master plan for the respective destination.

All construction activities will minimize the clearance of trees wherever practicable.

PIU/DSC

1.2 Impacts on archaeological remains, if any, due to siting of project components in and around the protected monuments.

Permanent Major na An archaeological survey by the Department of Archaeology will be carried out at the proposed site, to confirm non-existence of any remains, in the proposed site. In the event of the survey indicating any presence of archaeological remains, an alternative location will be identified in the vicinity, or the design of the proposed facility be modified to ensure no impact on the archaeological remains. Construction and excavation activities in prohibited and protected areas around the Department of Archaeology monument will be undertaken only after obtaining the necessary permits and clearances in accordance with the terms and conditions of a licence granted under rule 13 of the Archaeological rules.

PIU/DSC

1.3 Lack of sufficient planning to assure long term sustainability of the improvements and ensure protection of the assets created and the architectural character of the surroundings.

Permanent Major In accordance with the provisions in the subproject selection criteria, the subproject design will include adequate provisions for ensuring effective maintenance and protection of the assets created so as to ensure the long term sustainability of the sites. The designs will be worked out and implemented in accordance with the provisions. Further, the design guidelines for the project components will strictly conform to Uttarakhand architecture.

PIU/DSC

2. Design and pre-construction Impacts

64 Appendix 3

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

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2.1 Layout of components to avoid impacts on sensitive areas

Permanent Major The project components (location of tourist information centre, parking, road alignment, locations where the toilet blocks, provision of water supply to tourists, parking, footpaths, signage, etc.) siting will avoid impacts on the national park and temples /monument. Access roads to the construction sites will be worked out to ensure minimal impacts.

PIU/DSC/ Contractor

2.2 Slope stability related issues Permanent Moderate Along areas vulnerable to slope failures and along steep stretches, the designs of subproject components will include slope protection measures for uncovered slopes as pitching, vegetation, benching, etc.

PIU/DSC

2.3 Increased storm water runoff from alterations of the site‘s natural drainage patterns due to landscaping, excavation works in the periphery of the mangrove forest, boat areas, construction of parking lots, and addition of paved surfaces.

Permanent Moderate Design of proposed components will enable efficient drainage of the sites and maintain natural drainage patterns.

PIU/DSC

2.4 In areas of shallow water table, ensure that the septic tanks developed, do not impact the ground water quality

Permanent Moderate At locations with shallow water table, the design of the septic tanks will be done to ensure that there is a difference of at least 1.5m between the bottom bed of the septic tank and the maximum ground water level, to avoid any contamination of ground water.

PIU/DSC

2.5 Selection of materials and construction technologies, if not carefully chosen, will adversely impact the aesthetic appeal of the destinations

Permanent Moderate Designs to be worked out in such a manner that exposed steel and concrete structures are avoided. The design brief for all components proposed will strictly conform to the Uttarakhand architecture. The usage of construction machinery within the existing premises will be disallowed, except for handheld equipments, if necessary. Any new landscaping elements will only utilize native species to protect local biodiversity

PIU/DSC

2.6 Integration of energy efficiency and energy conservation programs in design of subproject components

Permanent Low The detailed designs for the subproject components will ensure that energy efficiency

PIU/DSC

3 Pre-construction Activities by Contractor

3.1 Construction Camps – Location, Selection, Design and Layout

Temporary Moderate The construction camps will be located at least 1000m away from eco-sensitive zones and 500m away from settlements. The construction camps including sanitation facilities, shelter, canteen, first aid, health care, day crèche facilities must be

Contractor/ DSC

Appendix 3 65

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

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adequately drained, and must not be subject to periodic flooding, nor located within 300 feet of swamps, pools, sink holes or other surface collections of water unless such water surface can be subjected to mosquito control measures. The camps must be located such that the drainage from and through the camps will not endanger any domestic or public water supply. All sites must be graded, ditched and rendered free from depressions such that water is adequately drained and stagnation is avoided from becoming a nuisance.

3.2 Defining of construction/work areas on ground, for activities within 200m of the boundaries of the protected areas and archaeological monuments

Temporary Moderate Construction work area will be demarcated on ground. Free-standing fencing will be erected in advance of construction works to protect the Monuments and known archaeological features near to the construction footprint and any working areas. No construction works, storage of materials be allowed within 100 m of the boundaries of such protected/sensitive areas. Planning of works to ensure that no entry will be allowed by employees/construction/site workers to the protected areas during the construction period to limit disturbance impacts on the associated habitats and fauna. Monuments /archaeological remains will be avoided during construction works by marking out the areas on ground.

Contractor/ DSC

3.3 Circulation plan during construction in the tourist destinations and temples

Temporary Moderate Prior to commencement of site activities and mobilization on ground, the Contractor will prepare and get approved by the Engineer, circulation plan during construction for safe passage of tourists/pilgrims during construction stage, including development of alternative access routes, traffic regulations, signages, etc., during construction. The Contractor with support of the PIU will carry out dissemination of these information and circulation plan at key entry points to the respective destinations.

Contractor/ DSC/PIU

3.4 Site clearance activities, including delineation of construction areas

Temporary Moderate The commencement of site clearance activities will be undertaken with due permission from the Environment Specialist of the DSC consultant to minimize environmental impacts. All areas used for temporary construction operations will be subject to complete restoration to their former condition with appropriate rehabilitation procedures.

Contractor/ DSC

3.5 Drinking water availability and water arrangement

Temporary Major The contractor will be responsible for arrangement of water in every workplace at suitable and easily accessible place for the

Contractor/ DSC

66 Appendix 3

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

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whole construction period. Sufficient supply of cold potable water to be provided and maintained. If the drinking water is obtained from an intermittent public water supply then, storage tanks will be provided.

3.6 Identification of disposal sites Permanent Major Location of disposal sites will be finalized by the Environmental Specialist of the DSC and he will confirm that: disposal of the material does not impact natural drainage courses or surface water bodies or low lying areas and that no endangered / rare flora is impacted by such materials

Contractor/ DSC

3.7 Ensure waste management is addressed in design

Temporary Major Environmental specialist to work with local body to design improved waste management plan for site.

4 Construction Impacts

4.1 Improper stockpiling of construction materials cause impacts starting from obstruction of drainage, disturbance/ safety hazard to tourists, etc.

Temporary Moderate Due consideration will be given for material storage and construction sites such that it doesn‘t cause any hindrance to tourists movement within the site. Stockpiles will be covered to protect from dust and erosion.

Contractor/ DSC

4.2 Quarry / Borrow pits Operations Permanent Moderate Adequate safety precautions will be ensured during transportation of quarry material from quarries to the construction site. Vehicles transporting the material will be covered to prevent spillage. Operations to be undertaken by the contractor as per the direction and satisfaction of the Engineer.

Contractor/ DSC

4.3 Stripping, stocking and preservation of top soil

Permanent Moderate The topsoil from borrow areas, areas of cutting and areas to be permanently covered (proposed site for information centre and other tourism infrastructure and from the road alignment) will be stripped to a specified depth of 150mm, translocated and stored in stockpiles. The stockpile will be designed such that the slope does not exceed 1:2 (vertical to horizontal). Stockpiles will not be surcharged or otherwise loaded and multiple handling will be kept to a minimum to ensure that no compaction will occur. The stockpiles will be covered with gunny bags or tarpaulin. It will be ensured by the contractor that the topsoil will not be unnecessarily trafficked either before stripping or when in stockpiles. Such stockpiled topsoil will be returned to cover the disturbed area and cut slopes.

Contractor/ DSC

Appendix 3 67

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

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4.4 Soil Erosion Temporary Moderate Slope protection measures will be undertaken along slopes of the parking area. The work will consist of measures as per design, or as directed by the Engineer to control soil erosion, sedimentation and water pollution.

Contractor/ DSC

4.5 Blasting Permanent Moderate Except as may be provided in the contract or ordered or authorized by the Engineer, the Contractor will not use explosives. Where the use of explosives is so provided or ordered or authorized, the Contractor will comply with the requirements of the following Sub-Clauses of MoRTH 302 besides the law of the land as applicable. The Contractor will at all times take every possible precaution and will comply with appropriate laws and regulations relating to the import, handling, transportation, storage and use of explosives and will, at all times when engaged in blasting operations, post sufficient warning flagmen, to the full satisfaction of the Engineer. The Contractor will at all times make full liaison with and inform well in advance and obtain such permission as is required from all Government Authorities, public bodies and private parties whomsoever concerned or affected or likely to be concerned or affected by blasting operations. Blasting will be carried out during fixed hours (preferably during mid-day), as permitted by the Engineer.

4.6 Soil and Water Pollution due to fuel and lubricants, construction waste

Temporary Moderate The fuel storage and vehicle cleaning area will be stationed such that water discharge does not drain into the water body. Soil and water pollution parameters will be monitored as per monitoring plan.

Contractor/ DSC

4.7 Siltation of water bodies due to spillage of construction wastes

Temporary Moderate Silt fencing to be provided at all water bodies near construction sites to prevent sediments from the construction site to enter into the watercourses. The number of units of silt fencing to be installed is to be decided by the engineer. Haul roads on the site and approaches to the watercourse (or drains leading to watercourses) will be regularly cleaned to prevent the buildup of mud; areas of bare soil will be kept to a practical minimum to reduce silt runoff. No disposal of construction wastes will be carried out into the river. Extraneous construction wastes will be transported to the pre-identified disposal site for safe disposal.

Contractor/ DSC

68 Appendix 3

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

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4.8 Generation of Dust Temporary Moderate The contractor will take every precaution to reduce the levels of dust at construction sites to the satisfaction of the Engineer. All earthwork to be protected/covered in a manner acceptable to the satisfaction of the engineer to minimize dust generation. Clearance will be affected immediately by manual sweeping and removal of debris, or if so directed by the Engineer, the road surfaces will be hosed or watered using necessary equipment.

Contractor/ DSC

4.9 Emission from Construction Vehicles, Equipment and Machinery

Temporary Moderate The discharge standards promulgated under the Environmental Protection Act, will be strictly adhered to. All vehicles, equipment and machinery used for construction will conform to the relevant Standard. All vehicles, equipments and machinery used for construction will be regularly maintained to ensure that pollution emission levels comply with the relevant requirements.

Contractor/ DSC

4.10 Noise from construction Equipments

Temporary Moderate Maintenance of vehicles, equipment and machinery will be regular and to the satisfaction of the Engineer, to keep noise from these at a minimum. All vehicles and equipment used for construction will be fitted with exhaust silencers. During routine servicing operations, the effectiveness of exhaust silencers will be checked and if found to be defective will be replaced. Noise limits for construction equipment used in this project (measured at one metre from the edge of the equipment in free field) such as compactors, rollers, front loaders, concrete mixers, cranes (moveable), vibrators and saws will not exceed 75 dB (A). Notwithstanding any other conditions of contract, noise level from any item of plant(s) will comply with the relevant legislation for levels of noise emission.

Contractor/ DSC

4.11 Material Handling at Site Temporary Minor All workers employed on mixing asphaltic material, cement, lime mortars, concrete etc., will be provided with protective footwear and protective goggles. Workers, who are engaged in welding works, will be provided with welder‘s protective eye-shields. Workers engaged in stone breaking activities will be provided with protective goggles and clothing and will be seated at sufficiently safe intervals. The use of any toxic chemical will be strictly in accordance with the manufacturer‘s instructions. The Engineer will be given at least 6 working days notice of the proposed use of any chemical. A

Contractor/ DSC

Appendix 3 69

Field Duration/

Extent Magnitude

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register of all toxic chemicals delivered to the site will be kept and maintained up to date by the Contractor. The register will include the trade name, physical properties and characteristics, chemical ingredients, health and safety hazard information, safe handling and storage procedures, and emergency and first aid procedures for the product.

4.12 Disposal of Construction Waste / Debris / Cut Material

Temporary Moderate Safe disposal of the bituminous wastes, extraneous material will be ensured in the pre-identified disposal locations. In no case, any construction waste will be disposed around the project road indiscriminately. Cut material generated because of cutting of hill slopes will be utilized for construction of retaining walls, embankments and as filling material. Remaining material if any will be disposed off safely at the disposal sites.

Contractor/ DSC

4.13 Safety Measures During Construction Temporary Moderate Personal Protective Equipment for workers on the project and adequate safety measures for workers during handling of materials at site will be taken up. The contractor has to comply with all regulations regarding safe scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, stairwells, excavations, trenches and safe means of entry and egress.

Contractor/ DSC

4.14 Risk caused by Force Majure Temporary Minor All reasonable precaution will be taken to prevent danger of the workers and the public from fire, flood, drowning, etc. All necessary steps will be taken for prompt first aid treatment of all injuries likely to be sustained during the course of work.

Contractor/ DSC

4.15 Malaria Risk Temporary Minor The Contractor will, at his own expense, conform to all anti-malaria instructions given to him by the Engineer.

Contractor/ DSC

4.16 Religious Structures Temporary Major All necessary and adequate care will be taken to minimize impact on cultural properties. No work will spill over to these properties, premises and precincts. Access to such properties from the road will be maintained clear and clean.

Contractor/ DSC

4.17 Chance finds of archaeological Property / remains

Temporary Moderate The contractor will take reasonable precaution to prevent his workmen or any other persons from removing and damaging any such article or thing and will, immediately upon discovery thereof and before removal acquaint the Engineer of such discovery and carry out the Engineer‘s instructions for dealing with the same, awaiting which all work will be stopped 100 m all directions from the site of discovery.

Contractor/ DSC

70 Appendix 3

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The Engineer will seek direction from Archaeologist at the Department of Archaeology before instructing the contractor to recommence work on the site.

4.18 Clearing of Construction of Camps & Restoration

Temporary Major Contractor to prepare site restoration plans for approval by the Engineer. The plan is to be implemented by the contractor prior to demobilization. On completion of the works, all temporary structures will be cleared away, all rubbish burnt, excreta or other disposal pits or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off and the site left clean and tidy, at the Contractor‘s expense, to the entire satisfaction of the Engineer.

Contractor/ DSC

5 O&M Impacts

5.1 Environmental Conditions Temporary Moderate The tourism department / forest department will undertake seasonal monitoring of air, water, noise and soil quality through an approved monitoring agency. The parameters to be monitored, frequency and duration of monitoring as well as the locations to be monitored will be as per the Monitoring Plan prepared.

Tourism department

5.2 Uncontrolled tourism development can cause congestion, increased pollution, and deterioration of destinations. Over-commercialization of cultural traditions may degrade the natural and cultural identity of the site

Temporary Major While the environmental monitoring plan actions during the operation stage will result in monitoring of the environmental impacts after project implementation, the Master Plan will include apart from provision of development controls and regulations in the zone, measures for tourism planning for the key destinations. These plans will be implemented to avoid uncontrolled tourism development at these locations.

Tourism department with support from Culture department

5.4 Management of the toilet blocks Temporary Moderate The tourism department / forest department will carry out regular cleaning of the septic tanks to prevent any impacts, including pollution of ground water and nearby water courses. For increased volumes of wastewater generation will ensure proper and adequate treatment and disposal facilities.

Tourism and Forest department with participation by communities

5.5 Adequate drainage of site area Permanent Moderate The tourism department / forest department to ensure efficient flow of surface water and prevent water logging along the side of the roads and parking lots.

Tourism and Forest departments

Appendix 3 71

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5.6 Unhygienic condition due to poor maintenance of sanitation facilities and irregular solid waste collection in the project site necessitate regular maintenance of constructed infrastructure.

Temporary Moderate The Tourism department/ communities will carryout maintenance of the toilets, and carry out the regular collection of wastes, and will also ensure that: Sanitation improvements proposed do not result in pollution of groundwater. Sanitary facilities do not interfere with other utilities and block access to buildings, cause nuisance to neighboring areas. The transfer of waste will also ensure no spillage and all wastes will be transported to a designated solid waste treatment site.

Tourism department

5.7 Increased waste loads onto the existing waste disposal facilities (that are non conformant to the Government requirements for SWM)

Temporary Moderate In line with the Government targets of coverage of all urban and rural areas with environmentally safe solid waste management systems, the tourist destinations will be covered with integrated waste management facilities, including treatment and disposal, in line with the SWHR, the Government.

Urban development department

Notes: na = not applicable

Table 2: Monitoring Plan for the Subproject

Sl. No.

Attributes Stage Parameters to be Monitored

Location (Complete

based on the DPR)

Frequency Responsibility

1 Air Quality

Construction Stage RPM, SPM, SO2, NOx, CO ??? Once in a season (except monsoons) for the entire construction period


2 Water quality Construction TDS, TSS, pH, Hardness, BOD, Faecal Coli form

??? Twice a year (pre monsoon and post monsoon) for the entire period of construction


3 Wetland health quality monitoring


,Physico-chemical characteristics,

??? Continuous Department of Science and Technology through the regional centre to be developed


Water quality of the wetland for pesticides, hardness and heavy metals

??? Three times a year (peak of summer, winter and monsoon)

Forest Department

4 Biodiversity Operation stage Wintering birds using total count method (block wise count)

??? Once in a year (for 3 days in December) compared with the baseline data

Forest department with support from NGOs/ communities

Operation stage Resident and breeding birds population using point count method

??? Between February and may of every year

Forest department, with support from NGOs/ communities

Operation stage Habitat quality (using standard vegetation analysis techniques) by permanent vegetation plots in each

??? Once in each season (sampling for 3 seasons during peak period of the respective

Forest department, with support from NGOs/ communities

72 Appendix 3

Sl. No.

Attributes Stage Parameters to be Monitored

Location (Complete

based on the DPR)

Frequency Responsibility

habitat season)

Operation stage Fish diversity using catch per unit effort method

??? Once in each season Forest department, with support from NGOs/ communities

Heritage protection

Construction stage, Visual inspection of works at heritage buildings

??? Continuous DSC/ Tamil Nadu Department of Archaeology/ PIU

4 Noise Levels – silence zones

Construction Stage Equivalent Day & Night Time Noise Levels

??? Once in a season during construction stage


5 Drainage Operation stage Effectiveness of drainage, water logging, flooding related issues

??? Thrice a year, before, during and after the monsoons

Forest Department,

6 Survival Rate of landscaping

Operation Stage Survival Rate ??? Twice a year for two years Forest Department

7 Socio-economic monitoring

Operation stage Income levels, livelihood options, especially on tourism

??? Once a year, for five years from the completion of the project

Tourism department, along with the village eco development committees and forest department

Table 3: Indicators and Targets for Environmental Performance

Indicators Parameters to be

Monitored Targets Frequency Responsibility Remedial action

Construction Stage Ambient air quality RPM, SPM, SO2, NOx,

CO NAAQMS (2009) Once in a season

(except monsoons) for the entire construction period

Contractor through approved Monitoring Agency

Stricter implementation of emission norms

Dust suppression No. of tankers for water sprinkling, Timing of sprinkling, Location of sprinkling

No dust rising from construction site, No dust rising from haul roads, Twice daily sprinkling

Random checks PIU through DSC Increase in frequency of water sprinkling

Surface and ground water quality

pH, BOD, Faecal Coli form, Free Ammonia, EC, SAR, Boron

Designated best use parameters



Identify source of contamination and treat effluent before discharge into receiving waters. Instruct contractor against violation and in case of continued non compliance invoke penalty clauses

Silt runoff in water bodies

location of silt fencing Locate while working close to water bodies

Throughout construction period

PIU through DSC

Working condition Maintain the geo textile free from clogging

Throughout construction period

PIU through DSC

Effluent discharge from construction camps

TDS, TSS, pH, Hardness, BOD, Faecal Coli form, Free Ammonia, EC, SAR, Boron

Discharge standards of CPCB for receiving waters



Ambient noise Equivalent Day & Night Time Noise Levels

NANQS Once in a season during construction

Contractor through approved Monitoring

Identify noise source and strictly regulate noise emissions. In case of continued non-

Appendix 3 73



stage Agency compliance invoke penalty clauses against contractor

Machinery noise Noise dB(A) <75 dB(A) at 1m free field from M/C

Once in a season during construction stage


Noise from construction activities

Timings of construction Only day time at settlements

Continuous PIU through DSC

Wetland water quality - Physico-chemical characteristics



Continuous PIU through DSC Identify source of contamination and treat effluent before discharge into receiving waters. For continued non compliance invoke penalty clauses

Water quality of the wetland for pesticides, hardness and heavy metals

Ca, Mg, Hardness, TDS, TSS, pH, Hardness, BOD, Faecal Coli form, Hg, Cd, Se, Ar, Cr

As per IS:10500:1991 Three times a year (peak of summer, winter and monsoon)


OHS Management Plan Plan covers all activities Compliance with applicable labour laws

Continuous Contractor Identify non-compliance and modify plan

Supply of PPE provision of PPE on site, adequacy of equipment

Compliance with OHS Continuous Contractor Ensure adequacy as per plan and instruct contractor to comply. In case of continued non-compliance, invoke penalty clauses

Training in H&S No. of sessions conducted, Percent attendance

Compliance with OHS Continuous

Establishing Medical facilities

Installation of equipment specified in OHS Plan

Compliance with OHS Start of construction camp

Safety plan implementation

Reporting compliance Compliance with OHS Continuous Contractor Ensure compliance as per plan and instruct contractor to comply. In case of continued non-compliance, invoke penalty clauses

OHS Implementation record

Site maintenance, Medical facilities maintenance, Training sessions

Compliance with OHS

Accident record No. of fatal accidents, No. of injuries, No. of disabilities

Compliance with OHS

Community Health and Safety plan

Reporting compliance Compliance with OHS Continuous Contractor Ensure compliance as per plan and instruct contractor to comply. In case of continued non-compliance, invoke penalty clauses Dissemination of

Community health issues

No of community health dissemination sessions, dissemination mechanisms

Compliance with OHS

Health records No. of recorded cases of community health as respiratory illness, HIV/STD,

Compliance with OHS

Operation stage

Physico-chemical characteristics



Continuous PIU through Monitoring Agency

Identify source of contamination and treat effluent before discharge into receiving waters

Water quality of the Ca, Mg, Hardness, TDS, As per IS:10500:1991 Three times a year PIU through Identify source of contamination and treat

74 Appendix 3



wetland for pesticides, hardness and heavy metals

TSS, pH, Hardness, BOD, Faecal Coli form, Hg, Cd, Se, Ar, Cr

(peak of summer, winter and monsoon)

Monitoring Agency effluent before discharge into receiving waters

Wintering birds Total count Not to be lower than baseline

Once in a year (for 3 days in December) compared with the baseline data

PIU through Monitoring Agency

Seek inputs of biodiversity experts and undertake necessary measures for improving upon the indicators.

Resident and breeding birds population

Point counts Not to be lower than baseline

Between February and may of every year

Habitat quality Shannon-weiner index Not to be lower than baseline

Once in each season (sampling for 3 seasons during peak period of the respective season)

Fish diversity using catch per unit effort method

Catch per unit effort Not to be lower than baseline

Once in each season

Drainage effectiveness Time required for draining

Within 30m of rainfall stopping

Thrice a year, before, during and after the monsoons

PIU Assess need for drainage improvements, and if required provide addl facilities as per design recommendations.

Water logging / flooding No of locations, extent of retention

No waterlogging / flooding

Survival Rate Percent of No. of saplings survived, extent of growth

Survival rate > 75%, Normal

Twice a year for two years


Plant more trees to compensate for lower survival rates

Economic indicators Income levels, livelihood options, especially on tourism

Equivalent to baseline conditions

Once a year, for five years from the completion of the project


Initiate detailed socio-economic studies. Identify reasons for economic decline and correlation with study interventions.

Appendix 4 75

APPENDIX 4: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING FORMAT 1. Work Details

Table 1: Work Details and Risks

Locations

Sub-projects Components

(Package No.)

Name of the

contractor

Listing of works

under the package

Starting Date (land clearance)

and schedule date of

completion

What type of works

continued at

present

Progress Percentage

Expected changes

from approved

scope

Fulfillment of

objectives- Type of remedial

measures needed

Key assumptions and risks that

affect attainment of

the objectives

2. Implementation of Environmental Management Plan

Table 2: Status of Environment, Forest and Other Clearances City/ Town

Work (Package No.)

Applicable Legislation/ Type of clearance

Clearance given by and date

Subject/ Issue

Remarks/ Action needed

Table 3: Compliance with Environmental Management Plan

Description of Impact

Mitigation measures Proposed

Implementation status

Detail/ Remarks on

Implementation

Monitoring methods

and frequency

Monitoring conducted

by

Monitoring

Remarks (Excellent/

Satisfactory/ Partially

Satisfactory/ Below Satisfaction/ Poor/

Very Poor)

Remarks and actions taken to

improve implementation

Detailed Design

Pre- Construction

Construction

Table 4: Measurement of Pollutants

Components Package/ Location

Period of monitoring

Parameters/Pollutants Standard Base line

status

Monitoring result during project

Implementation Remarks

Noise

Air Quality

Water Quality

Soil Quality

76 Appendix 5

APPENDIX 5: SAMPLE GRIEVANCE REGISTRATION FORM

(To be available in Local Language) The _____________________________________Project welcomes complaints, suggestions, queries and comments regarding project implementation. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback. Should you choose to include your personal details but want that information to remain confidential, please inform us by writing/typing *(CONFIDENTIAL)* above your name. Thank you. Date Place of registration

Contact Information/Personal Details

Name: Gender: __Male ___ Female Age:

Home Address

Village / Town

District

Phone no.

E-mail

Complaint/Suggestion/Comment/Question Please provide the details (who, what, where and how) of your grievance below: If included as attachment/note/letter, please tick here: ___

How do you want us to reach you for feedback or update on your comment/grievance?

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Registered by: (Name of Official registering grievance)

Verified thru:

___ Note/Letter

___ E-mail

___ Verbal/Telephonic

Reviewed by: (Names/Positions of Official(s) reviewing grievance)

Action Taken:

Whether Action Taken Disclosed:

____ Yes

___ No

Means of Disclosure: