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TRANSCRIPT
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Index
Index terms Links
A Abbreviations, listing of 446
Accident "cause" information, prioritization and 202
Accident sequence, Cause-Consequence Analysis (CCA) and 184 188
Action item-only HAZOP table, described 144
Action items, resolution of, follow-up considerations 216
Action item tracking log, example of 217
Actions (recommendations) (HAZOP term), defined 133 See also Recommendations
Air and Waste Association, described 38
American Chemical Society (ACS), described 38
American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA), described 38
American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) described 38 involvement of 3 material properties database of 36
American National Standards Institute (ANSI), described 38
American Paper Institute (API), described 38
American Petroleum Institute (API) described 39 relative ranking indexes and 57
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), described 39
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), described 39
American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE), described 39
Analysis problem characteristics, factors influencing hazard evaluation technique selection 74 78
AND-gate rule (FTA analysis), defined 168
Aquatic toxicity, material property hazard identification 37
Available resources. See Resource availability and preference
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B Batch process, Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) 336
See also Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process)
Biodegradability, material property hazard identification 37
C Carcinogenicity, material property hazard identification 37
Cause-by-cause HAZOP table, described 144
Cause-Consequence Analysis (CCA) described 70 prioritization attributes of 205 use of technique 184
Causes (HAZOP term), defined 133
CCPS. See Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS)
Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) creation of 3 focus of 11 hazard evaluation practitioner demand and 233 process safety management elements listed 13
Checklist Analysis described 54 hazard identification methods and results 47 prioritization attributes of 204 use of technique 99 What-If/Checklist Analysis combination 62 383
See also What-If/Checklist Analysis combination worked example
Checklist Analysis/Safety Review combined analysis worked example 311 analysis description 313 conclusions and observations 319 follow-up 319 problem definition 311
background 311 hazard evaluation technique selection 312 resource availability 311 study preparation 312
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Checklist Analysis/Safety Review combined analysis worked example (Continued) results discussed 317
Chemical Abstracts Service, material properties analysis 36
Chemical compatibility, chart guide to 397
Chemical compounds, listing of hazardous 45
Chemical Exposure Index (CEI), described 57 106
Chemical Industries Association, Ltd., described 40
Chemical Industry Safety and Health Council, described 40
Chemical Manufacturers Association (CMA), described 39
Chemical process industry (CPI) hazard evaluation study and 8 12 process safety management (PSM) programs and 13
Chlorine markets for 247 summary of characteristics of 250 VCM process chemicals and hazards 237 241
Chlorine Institute, Inc., described 40
Clean Air Act of 1990 4
Compatibility. See Chemical compatibility
Completeness, hazard evaluation limitations 20
Complexity of study, hazard evaluation technique and 52 78
Compressed Gas Association, described 40
Compressors, equipment hazards questions 412
Computer software Cause-Consequence Analysis (CCA) 186 cautionary notes on 94 Checklist Analysis 100 Event Tree Analysis (ETA) 181 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) 155 Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) 170 future research and development and 220 hazard identification methods and results and 44 Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) 193 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) 115
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Computer software (Continued) Relative Ranking 109 Safety Review 98 What-If Analysis 120 What-If/Checklist Analysis 124
Conceptual design Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) 59 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) worked example 262
See also Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) worked example
Consequences (HAZOP term), defined 133
Construction/start-up phase, Checklist Analysis/Safety Review combined analysis 311 See also Checklist Analysis/Safety Review combined analysis
Corporate culture, hazard evaluation (HE) study infrastructure and 24
CPI. See Chemical process industry (CPI)
D Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, Seventh Edition, material properties analysis 36
Deadlines, hazard evaluation (HE) study analysis objectives and scope 27
Decision making future research and development 224 hazard evaluation technique selection 84 85
248 management response development, follow-up considerations 214
Decommissioning phase, What-If/Checklist Analysis combination worked example 383 See also What-If/Checklist Analysis worked example
Design Institute for Physical Property Data (DIPPR, AIChE), material properties database of 36
Design Review. See Safety Review technique
Detailed engineering phase, Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)/Event Tree Analysis (ETA) combined analysis worked example 296
See also Fault Tree (FTA)/Event Tree (ETA) combined analysis worked example
Deviation-by-deviation HAZOP table, described 143
Deviations (HAZOP term) defined 133 identification of 141
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Distributed control system (DCS), hazard evaluation technique selection and 73
Documentation Cause-Consequence Analysis (CCA) 185 Checklist Analysis 100 Event Tree Analysis (ETA) 180 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) 155 Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) 169 follow-up considerations 210 Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Analysis 143 hazard evaluation technique and 52 HAZOP study 139 HE study infrastructure and 24 25 Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) 192 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) 114 Relative Ranking 108 Safety Review 97 What-If Analysis 119 What-If/Checklist Analysis 124
Dow Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI) described 56 106 prioritization attributes of 204
E Economic impacts, hazard identification 35
Electrical power, equipment hazards questions 423
Environmental impacts hazard evaluation supplemental questions 439 hazard identification 35
Equipment hazards questions 404 compressors 412 electrical power 423 furnaces and boilers 418 heat exchangers 417 instrumentation 420 miscellaneous 424
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Equipment hazards questions (Continued) piping and valves 407 pressure and vacuum relief 404 pumps 411 reactors 414 vessels (tanks, drums, towers, etc.) 415
Ergonomics, Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) 190
Ethylene summary of characteristics of 250 VCM process chemicals and hazards 237 241
Ethylene dichloride summary of characteristics of 250 VCM process chemicals and hazards 237 241
Event Tree Analysis (ETA) described 69 Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)/Event Tree Analysis (ETA) combined analysis worked example 296
See also Fault Tree (FTA)/Event Tree (ETA) combined analysis worked example Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) and 194 PC-based software for 223 225 prioritization attributes of 205 use of technique 175
Exception-only HAZOP table, described 144
Execution, hazard evaluation (HE) study preparation 32
Existing conditions (FTA analysis), defined 164
Experience base relevance hazard evaluation limitations 22 worked example hazard identification 242
Experts, responsibilities described 31
Expert systems, future research and development 220
Exposure limits, material property hazard identification 37
F Failure (FTA analysis), defined 160
Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMEDA)
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Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMEDA) (Continued) prioritization attributes of 204 206 table example 207
Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) described 66 PC-based software for 223 prioritization attributes of 204 suitability of 74 use of technique 151
Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)/Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) combination worked example 364
analysis description 367 conclusions and observations 381 follow-up 381 problem definition 364
background 364 hazard evaluation technique selection 366 resource availability 364 study preparation 366
results discussed 375
Fault (FTA analysis), defined 160
Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) described 67 hazard evaluation and 22 HE study information requirements 27 information required for 75 PC-based software for 223 prioritization attributes of 205 use of technique 160
Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)/Event Tree Analysis (ETA) combined analysis worked example 296 analysis description 299 conclusions and observations 309 follow-up 309 problem definition 296
background 296
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Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)/Event Tree Analysis (ETA) combined analysis worked example (Continued) hazard evaluation technique selection 298 resource availability 296 study preparation 299
results 308
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) described 40 material properties analysis 36
Fertilizer Institute, described 40
Fire protection, hazard evaluation supplemental questions 435
Flammability/explosivity, material property hazard identification 37
Follow-up considerations 198 documentation 210 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)/Human Reliability Analysis (HRA)
combination worked example 381 Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)/Event Tree Analysis (ETA) combined analysis worked example 309 HAZOP analysis worked example 294 HAZOP analysis worked example (for periodic review) 334 management response development 214 overview of 198 prioritization 198
approaches for 200 basis for 199 result types 198
Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) worked example 349 resolution of action items 216 What-If Analysis worked example 260 What-If/Checklist Analysis combination worked example 393
Furnaces and boilers, equipment hazards questions 418
Future research and development 220
G Government agencies, material properties analysis 36
Guidelines for Hazard Evaluation Procedures, goal of 3
Guidelines for the Technical Management of Chemical Process Safety, publication of 4
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Guide words (HAZOP term), defined 133
H Hazard, defined 11 35
Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Analysis described 64 future research and development 224 hazard evaluation and 22 hazard identification methods and results 47 HE study information requirements 27 prioritization attributes of 204 Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) 336
See also Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) suitability of 73 team approach in 30 use of technique 131
Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Analysis worked example 274 analysis description 278 conclusions and observations 295 follow-up 294 problem definition 274
background 274 hazard evaluation technique selection 276 resource availability 274 study preparation 276
results discussed 288
Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Analysis worked example (for periodic review) 320 analysis description 324 conclusions and observations 334 follow-up 334 problem definition 320
background 320 hazard evaluation technique selection 321 resource availability 321 study preparation 321
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Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Analysis worked example (for periodic review) (Continued) results discussed 329
Hazard evaluation limitations of 20 process safety management (PSM) program and 7 73
233 project lifetime perspective on 20
Hazard evaluation (HE) study background of 12 benefits of 8 chemical process industry (CPI) and 8 described 7 233 Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)/Event Tree Analysis (ETA) combined analysis 298 focus of 11 12 follow-up considerations for 198
See also Follow-up considerations future developments in 220 hazard evaluation
limitations of 20 project lifetime perspective on 20
hazard evaluation technique and 52 hazard identification methods and results 49 integration with process safety management (PSM) program, future research and
development 224 limits of 9 management response development 214 process accident elements and 15 risk management strategies and 13 successful, described 73
Hazard evaluation (HE) study preparation 24 analysis objectives and scope 25 Checklist Analysis/Safety Review combined analysis 312 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)/Human Reliability Analysis (HRA)
combination worked example 366 Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)/Event Tree Analysis (ETA) combined analysis 299
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Hazard evaluation (HE) study preparation (Continued) hazard evaluation technique and 52 HAZOP analysis worked example 276 HAZOP analysis worked example (for periodic review) 321 information requirements for 27 infrastructure requirements 24 personnel and skill requirements 30 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) worked example 265 Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) 340 schedule and execution 32 What-If Analysis worked example 252 What-If/Checklist Analysis combination worked example 386
Hazard evaluation (HE) study reports. See Documentation
Hazard evaluation practitioner. See also Personnel demand for 233 training of 11
Hazard evaluation supplemental questions 399 environmental protection 439 equipment questions 404
compressors 412 electrical power 423 furnaces and boilers 418 heat exchangers 417 instrumentation 420 miscellaneous 424 piping and valves 407 pressure and vacuum relief 404 pumps 411 reactors 414 vessels (tanks, drums, towers, etc.) 415
fire protection 435 maintenance questions 428 management and policy issues 442 operations questions 426 personnel safety 430
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Hazard evaluation supplemental questions (Continued) process questions 399
Hazard evaluation team leader. See Team leader
Hazard evaluation techniques 51 See also Worked examples; entries under specific techniques Cause-Consequence Analysis (CCA) 70 Checklist Analysis 54 Event Tree Analysis (ETA) 69 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) 66 Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) 67 future research and development in 221 Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP) 64 Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) 71 overview of 51 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) 59 Relative Ranking 56 Safety Review technique 53 variety of 94 What-If Analysis 60 What-If/Checklist Analysis 62 worked example hazard identification 245
Hazard evaluation technique selection 73 Checklist Analysis/Safety Review combined analysis 312 decision making process for 84 85 factors influencing 74
analysis problem characteristics 74 78 information available 74 76 motivation for study 74 75 perceived risk perspective 74 80 resource availability and preference 75 81 results required 74 76
Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)/Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) combination worked example 366
Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)/Event Tree Analysis (ETA) combined analysis 298 HAZOP analysis worked example 276
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Hazard evaluation technique selection (Continued) HAZOP analysis worked example (for periodic review) 321 illustrative example in 84 overview of 73 personnel involved in 73 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) worked example 265 Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) 338 What-If Analysis worked example 248 What-If/Checklist Analysis combination worked example 386
Hazard evaluation technique use 93 See also Worked examples; entries under specific techniques Cause-Consequence Analysis (CCA) 184 Checklist Analysis 99 Event Tree Analysis (ETA) 175 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) 151 Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) 160 Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Analysis 131 Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) 189 overview of 93 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) 112 Relative Ranking 104 Safety Review 95 What-If Analysis 117 What-If/Checklist Analysis 122
Hazard identification hazard evaluation (HE) study and 12 worked examples 241
Hazard identification methods and results 35 analysis of material properties and process conditions 36 experience and 44 future research and development in 220 hazard evaluation technique use 47 interaction matrix development and 45 overview of 35 results 49
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Hazardous chemical compounds, list of examples 45
Hazardous Materials Advisory Council (HMAC) 40
Hazard type, hazard evaluation technique selection and 80
HAZOP. See Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Analysis
Heat exchangers, equipment hazards questions 417
HEP Guidelines, publication of 3
HE practitioner. See Hazard evaluation (HE) practitioner, Personnel
Human impacts, hazard identification 35
Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) described 71 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)/Human Reliability Analysis (HRA)
combination worked example 364 prioritization attributes of 205 use of technique 189
Hydrogen, VCM process chemicals and hazards 241
Hydrogen chloride summary of characteristics of 250 VCM process chemicals and hazards 237 241
I ICI Mond Index
described 57 106 prioritization attributes of 204
Incident investigation phase, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)/Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) combination worked example 364
Incinerator explosion, Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)/Event Tree Analysis (ETA) combined analysis 296 308
Information availability of, factors influencing hazard evaluation technique selection 74 76 requirements for, hazard evaluation (HE) study preparation 27 sources of
hazard evaluation (HE) study execution 32 hazard evaluation (HE) study infrastructure and 24 listing of 38 material properties analysis 36
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Information (Continued) vinyl chloride monomer manufacturing process 248
Initial equipment configuration (FTA analysis), defined 164
Initial operating conditions (FTA analysis) 164
Initiating event, Event Tree Analysis (ETA) 175 176
Inscrutability, hazard evaluation limitations 21
Institute of Chemical Engineers (IChemE) 41
Institute of Electrical/Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 41
Instrumentation, equipment hazards questions 420
Integrated emergency generator, PC-based event tree software with 225
Integrated experience database, future research and development 223
Intention (HAZOP term), defined 133
Interaction matrix development hazard identification methods and results and 45 worked example hazard identification 242
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. See World Bank
K Knowledge-based approach (HAZOP), described 141 143
L Level of resolution (FTA analysis), defined 163
Library-based approach (HAZOP), described 141
Life cycle approach hazard evaluation (HE) study analysis objectives and scope 25 26 hazard evaluation (HE) study information requirements 27 hazard evaluation study and 7 hazard evaluation technique selection and 76 worked example facility and process 237
Logic and event symbols, Fault Tree Analysis) 160
Loss Prevention Review. See Safety Review technique
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M Maintenance questions, hazard evaluation supplemental questions 428
Management follow-up considerations 214 hazard evaluation supplemental questions 442 hazard evaluation technique selection 73 HE study analysis objectives and scope 25 HE study infrastructure and 24
Material Hazard Index (MHI), described 106
Material properties hazard identification methods and results 36 worked example hazard identification 241
Material safety data sheet (MSDS) material properties analysis 36 vinyl chloride monomer manufacturing process 248
Meetings hazard evaluation (HE) study execution 32 33 HAZOP study 137
Minimal cut sets, Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)/Event Tree Analysis (ETA) combined analysis 305 308
Mond index. See ICI Mond Index
Motivation (for study), factors influencing hazard evaluation technique selection 74 75
Multidisciplinary team, hazard evaluation (HE) study and 12
Multi-failure mode logic modeling techniques, future research and development 223
Mutagenicity, material property hazard identification 37
N National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) 41
National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) 41
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 41
National Institute for Chemical Studies (NICS) 41
National Safety Council (NSC), described 42
Natural gas, VCM process chemicals and hazards 241
Not allowed events (FTA analysis), defined 164
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O Odor threshold, material property hazard identification 37
Operating procedures, HE study information requirements 27
Operating steps (HAZOP term), defined 133
Operations questions, hazard evaluation supplemental questions 426
Operations type, hazard evaluation technique selection and 79
Operator function, Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) 191
OR-gate rule (FTA analysis), defined 167
OSHA. See U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Oxygen, VCM process chemicals and hazards 241
P Perceived risk perspective, factors influencing hazard evaluation technique selection 74 80
Persistence (in environment), material property hazard identification 37
Personal computer, future research and development and 220
Personnel. See also Hazard evaluation practitioner hazard evaluation (HE) study infrastructure and 24 hazard evaluation (HE) study preparation 30 hazard evaluation technique selection 73 safety of hazard evaluation supplemental questions 430 training of, worked examples and 231
Physical properties, material property hazard identification 37
Physical system boundaries (FTA analysis) 163
P&ID future research and development 224 hazard evaluation (HE) study information requirements 27
Pilot plant operation phase, HAZOP analysis worked example 274 See also HAZOP analysis worked example
Piping and valves, equipment hazards questions 407
Plant expansion phase, Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) 336 See also Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) worked
example
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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) 336
See also Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) worked example
Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) described 59 prioritization attributes of 204 use of technique 112
Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) worked example 262 analysis description 266 conclusions and observations 272 follow-up 272 problem definition 262
background 262 hazard evaluation technique selection 265 resource availability 264 study preparation 265
results discussed 269
Pressure and vacuum relief, equipment hazards questions 404
Prioritization 198 approaches for 200 basis for 199 future research and development 224 result types 198
Process accident, elements of 15
Process conditions, hazard identification methods and results 36
Process parameter, defined 133
Process safety, defined 15
Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals (OSHA), HE study information requirements 27
Process safety management (PSM) program expert systems and 220 hazard evaluation and 7 73
233 HE study infrastructure and 24
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Process safety management (PSM) program (Continued) institutionalization of 13 integration with hazard evaluation study, future research and development 224 management response development and 215 timeliness in resolving actions and 218
Process Safety Review. See Safety Review technique
Process sections (study nodes) (HAZOP term) defined 133 HAZOP analysis worked example 277
Process troubleshooter, future research and development 224
Process type, hazard evaluation technique selection and 79
Professional associations listing of 38 material properties analysis 36
Propylene, VCM process chemicals and hazards 241
PSM. See Process safety management (PSM) program
Pumps, equipment hazards questions 411
Q Quantitative risk analysis (QRA) 13
hazard evaluation limitations and 22 prioritization attributes and 210
R Ranking. See Prioritization
Reactivity, material property hazard identification 37
Reactors, equipment hazards questions 414
Recommendations. See also Actions (recommendations) appropriate criteria for rejection of 216 timeliness in resolving 218
Relative Ranking described 56 PC-based software for 223 use of technique 104
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Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) worked example 336 analysis description 341 conclusions and observations 350 follow-up 349 problem definition 336
background 336 hazard evaluation technique selection 338 resource availability 338 study preparation 340
results discussed 349
Reports. See Documentation
Reproducibility, hazard evaluation limitations 21
Research and development future developments in 220 hazard evaluation study and 7 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) and 59 What-If Analysis, worked example of 247
See also What-If analysis worked example
Resource availability and preference Checklist Analysis/Safety Review combined analysis 311 factors influencing hazard evaluation technique selection 75 81 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)/Human Reliability Analysis (HRA)
combination worked example, problem definition 364 Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)/Event Tree Analysis (ETA) combined analysis 296 HAZOP analysis worked example 274 HAZOP analysis worked example (for periodic review) 321 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) worked example 264 Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) 338 What-If Analysis worked example 248 What-If/Checklist Analysis combination worked example 383
Responsibility, action resolutions and 218
Results required, factors influencing hazard evaluation technique selection 74 76
Risk management response development and 215 perceived risk perspective, factors influencing hazard evaluation technique selection 74 80
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Risk (Continued) prioritization attributes and 209 prioritization criteria 200 reduction of, prioritization criteria 200 strategies for managing 13
Routine operation phase, HAZOP analysis worked example (for periodic review) 320 See also Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Analysis worked example (for periodic review)
S Safeguards (HAZOP term), defined 133
Safety improvement recommendations, prioritization criteria 200
Safety Review Checklist Analysis/Safety Review combined analysis 311
See also Checklist Analysis/Safety Review combined analysis described 53 prioritization attributes of 204 use of technique 95
Safety review software, future research and development 223
SARA Title III, relative ranking indexes and 57
SARA Title III Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ) Index. See Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ) Index
Schedule, hazard evaluation (HE) study preparation 32
Scribe, responsibilities described 30
Size of study, hazard evaluation technique and 52 78
Skill requirements, hazard evaluation (HE) study preparation 30
Society for Risk Analysis (SRA), described 42
Society of the Plastics Industry (SPI), described 42
Software. See Computer software
Stability, material property hazard identification 37
Structural importance concept, prioritization and 202
Study notes. See Process sections (study notes)
Subjectivity, hazard evaluation limitations 22
Substance Hazard Index (SHI) described 57 106
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Substance Hazard Index (SHI) (Continued) example of use of 109
Symbols, illustration of 445
Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturers Association (SOCMA), described 42
System Safety Society (SSS), described 42
T Team approach
hazard evaluation study personnel and skills 30 HAZOP and 131 136 multidisciplinary team 12
Team leader documentation and 212 hazard evaluation technique selection 73 HAZOP study 136 responsibilities described 30 32 selection of 262 263
Technical Association of Pulp and Paper Industry 43
Technical project manager, hazard evaluation technique selection 73
Teratogenicity, material property hazard identification 37
Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ) Index 57 106
Timeliness, action resolutions and 218
Top event (FTA analysis), defined 163
Toxicity, material property hazard identification 37
Tracking process action item tracking 216 future research and development 225
U U.S. Army. See Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA)
U.S. Coast Guard 43 material properties analysis 36
U.S. Department of Labor, described 43
U.S. Department of Transportation, described 43
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) described 43 material properties analysis 36 Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ) Index 57
U.S. Military Standard System Safety Program Requirements, Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) and 59
U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). See also Process safety management (PSM) program
hazard evaluation and 7 hazard evaluation (HE) study information requirements 27 relative ranking indexes and 57 rules of 4
V Vessels (tanks, drums, towers, etc.), equipment hazards questions 415
Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) manufacturing process for 248 summary of characteristics of 250 VCM process chemicals and hazards 237 241 worked example 234
See also Worked example facility and process
W Water, VCM process chemicals and hazards 241
What-If Analysis described 60 hazard identification methods and results 47 prioritization attributes of 204 use of technique 117
What-If Analysis worked example 247 analysis description 253 conclusions and observations 260 follow-up 260 problem definition 247
available resources 248
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What-If Analysis worked example (Continued) background 247 hazard evaluation technique selection 248 study preparation 252
results discussed 256
What-If/Checklist Analysis combination described 62 hazard identification methods and results 47 PC-based software for 222 prioritization attributes of 204 use of technique 122
What-If/Checklist Analysis combination worked example 383 analysis description 388 background 383 conclusions and observations 394 follow-up 393 hazard evaluation technique selection 386 problem definition 383 resource availability 383 results discussed 393 study preparation 386
Worked example facility and process 236 company and facility background 236 process lifetime description 237 process overview 237
Worked example hazard identification 241 experience review 242 hazard evaluation techniques 245 interaction matrix 242 material properties analysis 241
Worked examples Checklist Analysis/Safety Review combined analysis 311
See also Checklist Analysis/Safety Review combined analysis Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)/Human Reliability Analysis (HRA)
combination worked example 364
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Worked examples (Continued) Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)/Event Tree Analysis (ETA) combined analysis 296
See also Fault Tree (FTA)/Event Tree (ETA) combined analysis HAZOP analysis worked example 274
See also HAZOP analysis worked example HAZOP analysis worked example (for periodic review) 320
See also HAZOP analysis worked example (for periodic review) instructional strategy of 234 personnel training and 231 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) worked example 262
See also Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) worked example purpose of 233 Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) 336
See also Relative Ranking/HAZOP analysis combination (for batch process) use of 235 What-If Analysis method 247
See also What-If analysis worked example
World Bank described 43 material properties analysis 36
Z Zero accident goal 3