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Index verborum

(a) Latin and loan-words in Latin

For clarity forms discussed in the text, rather than base-forms of words, are frequently indexed here.

abdumen (= abdomen) 78ab oculis 279–80, 338–40absinthium 333–4acaunumarga 257∗accasio (= occasio) 612aciale 475–6, 488, 509aciarium 475–6acina 401, 536–7, 565, 576, 707, 714, 722acinus 401acipenser 330acitabulum (= acetabulum) 287, 582n. 19acnua 234, 704acutus 533n. 60adcapto 396n. 144adhuc 349adiuto (+ dative) 438adroro 292aediles (nominative singular) 70aeditumus 434aedituus 434Aenea (nominative) 47agoga 236agrestis 19, 120, 124, 137, 143–5, 146, 231,

232agutus (= acutus) 471aiutaueret (= adiutauerit) 441alausa 304, 305, 306, 310, 360, 362, 723albula 306albulus 306, 366alburnus 298, 304, 305, 310, 311, 360, 366,

706alicus (= aliquis) 500–1alius= aliquis 621aloxinum 333–4, 335, 360, 362, 366, 718alus (-m) 216ambulla (= ampulla) 471ammulo (= ambulo) 411

an(a)ceta 48Ancitie 84ancon(a) 220–1ancorago 296ancorauus 296, 361, 363, 364, 723anser 432anuis (genitive) 433, 434apage 379a peregre 375apiarium 553Apolone (-ine, -ene) (dative) 57, 58, 59, 61apud 356,621 with n. 126aquaria 558–60, 562aquarius 559arcella 459, 707arepennis 600–1, 705arrugia 236, 545, 718arula 165, 207, 230, 704asgatui 563asinus 432asper 128asperitas (rustica) 127atabulus 117, 225Athana 439aturbis 530auiarium 553aumas 558, 561, 562auris 296–7, 361auunculus 429

baiae 534–5, 565ballatio 294ballo 294balneii (= balnei ) 590balux 236, 237, 402, 732band 462, 463barbaries domestica 126

786

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Cambridge University Press978-0-521-88149-4 - The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600J. N. AdamsIndexMore information

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Index verborum 787

barbarus 403 with n. 164,732barba(s), -anis 511–12barbata (herba) 537n. 77, 576, 708barbus 304, 308baro (‘blockhead’) 391–2, 398baro (‘man’) 392, 580n. 12, 599–600, 603,

622, 706, 718bascauda 602, 719, 732beccus 254–5, 362bedox 582, 601bendo (= uendo) 646beruina 561Bictorinus (= Victorinus) 646blatero 394boba 529bocabulum (= uocabulum) 646bone (= bene) 565bos 432braci(i)arius 337, 589, 615bracis 337, 361, 364, 603brado 334, 361, 364bridum 334brisa 402–3, 431, 699, 721, 732broga 257, 705, 716brogilos 301, 361, 364brunia 327, 360, 363brutes/bruta 678bucca 255buccata 595buda 20, 522–8, 537, 576, 707, 718∗budina 526budinarius 526, 535bufo 336, 437, 723buotun (= uotum) 627n. 6burdo 543n. 91burgus 552buris 382n. 62burra 311, 336–7butticella 458, 514buttis 458, 514

caballa 315caballus 326, 422, 543n. 91caccabellus 459, 486, 488, 489, 514cadiuus 290–1, 360, 363, 369caducarius 290–1, 360caducus 290–1caecatus 560Caeici (= Caec-) 81Caeicilius (= Caec-) 81caementarius 353caio (cagio-) 301, 361, 364calidinus 535cama 427, 700Campans 414

campellus 353–4, 360, 705cana (uitis) 253canalicium 235canaliense 235canaster 282n. 17canastrum 281–3, 360, 362, 366, 700, 706candetum 254, 704candosoccus 219, 230canistrum 281–3canna 286, 361, 364, 368cano (with long a) 261∗capitinem 308n. 160capitium 355capito 304, 305, 308, 310, 311capitulare 613, 616capitularium 613, 616captiuus 603capto 319, 427carmino 292cascus 179–80Casnar 154castenea 477, 488, 489, 512, 722Castorus (genitive) 41castus (noun) 76catenatum 427–8catto 427, 700cauannus 251, 336, 360, 362, 700, 722Cecilius 79, 82cedito (= caidito) 85, 88cedre (= caidere) 85, 86, 88ceip 64Ceisia 82n. 198cenaculum 164, 173, 185, 186, 687, 713cena pura 396n. 144, 566–8, 576centenarium 550–4, 562, 565, 704, 705centenarius 550n. 111centenum 553–4cepi (= cepit) 92cercius 229, 420, 699, 706cerebellum (-a) 324cereber (= cerebrum) 501cereola 404, 699, 721, 732Cererus (genitive) 40, 42cernu 77cer(r)ia 48ceruesarius 337ceruicalis 482–3, 488, 489ceruis(i)a (-es(i)a) 326, 333, 337, 361, 364, 603Ceseius 84, 88Cesula 85, 88ceua 214, 230c(h)erda 532, 537, 576, 708cicindela 218, 230cicinus 482, 488, 512, 722ciconia 238–9




788 Index verborum

ciculus 240circius 225–8, 230, 699, 706clamys 548–9clouaca 589cocotia 480–1, 488, 514, 722co(h)um 382coiro (= curo) 44,92 (coirauerun)colaphus 439colis (= caulis) 181collacteus 406colloquium/conloquium 268collyrida 611n. 105colonica 311, 355colus 294∗comberos 256, 704comedo (verb) 278–9, 372n. 15, 398comedo, -onis 389, 398comminus 250commircium 89n. 229, 91commode 210–11commodo (adverb) 210–11, 230, 714commuro (= comburo) 411compernis 390concurro 128conea 71, 111, 120, 185conquaeisiuei 81conrogata 293, 359–60, 361, 364, 369, 700,

705consiligo 214, 230, 721consuetudo 16, 232, 250conuc(u)la 294corauero (= curauerunt) 66, 92coriatio 615, 616corio(r) 615cormeos (?) see ∗comberoscorroco 311, 332corrugus 236, 699corticeus (-ius) 606–9, 615corticium 608–9coscinum 490, 515cotidio (adverb) 211, 212n. 57cotonea 216, 230∗couus 381–2, 398, 714coxa 483, 488, 489, 509–10, 709cracatius 330–1, 332, 360, 362, 700cras 31, 396–7craxantus 284, 336, 360, 362, 700, 706,

723Crepusci 166creterra 549cuando (in Faliscan script) 105, 106cubitus 220–1cuculus 240cucuma 459, 479cucumella 458–9, 514

cucurbita 481cuestod (in Faliscan script) 84, 101, 102cuius (adjective) 378–81, 398, 429, 714cuniculus 172n. 153, 173cupula 679–80custudia 75

dabes, dabet 138, 441, 648dacrima 166n. 138darpus 297, 360, 362, 700debeo (+ infinitive) 730debunt 587n. 28Decimatrus 163dede (= dedi) 443dede (= dedit) 92, 249dedero (= dederunt) 92dedet 70, 71, 165dedro, dedron (= dederunt) 92defrigo 471defuntus (= defunctus) 593deinde 375demagis 374–7, 398demane 31, 396denuo 375depost 375derepente 376desemel 499∗destruuo (= destruo) 590desubito 376, 499desuper 375Detronie (dative) 86deuus (= deus, diuus) 138n. 69, 302–3, 360,

362, 590n. 43, 602, 716Diane (dative) 85dibersus (= diuersus) 646dicet (present) 441dida 538–9dierectus 379dingua 166n. 138dispennite 414diuus 442domos (genitive) 16domuis (genitive) 434ducaria 325ductrix 325duellum 38n. 15dulcor 535–6duno (= donum) 74, 110duropellus 313n. 195

e contra 375eho 379eira (= ira/era) 53–4elleborus 215, 230, 334eloquor 167–8




Index verborum 789

Epaphraes 674epityrum 171eporedia 256equa 315, 422erigo 452Erine (dative) 84Erinie (dative) 84erunco 403–4Esculapio 83euento 501euum (= eum) 590exacum 219excussio 604excussorium 604–6, 615, 705excutio 604–5exercituis (?) (genitive) 433exilis 245exorbo 341experirus (< experior) 446exsalatus 507ex(s)artum 320, 322, 328, 361, 364, 705, 706exsops (Gaulish) 339–40

fabaria 314, 319, 327, 361, 364, 705faber 233fabulor 383–5, 398facitud 76facundus 220–1faecea (-ia) 481, 488, 509faenum (fen-) 79Faleries (ablative) 58Falesce 137famex 538n. 79, 709fano 324, 326, 328, 360, 363far 222–3fario (?) 310fauaria see fabariaFebruuarius 612fece (= fecit) 92fedus 79, 171felius (= fil-) 249fel terrae 219, 292fenea 487feria (+ secunda etc.) 280, 347–8, 567, 718Feronea 69–70ferueo 15feruo 15ficatum 396n. 143Fidena (with short first vowel) 265n. 244fifeltares 73figarus (< figo) 448filea 68–9, 107, 137fileod 69filica 478n. 190filiciter 68

filius 619filix 67–8, 582n. 19fimo (verb) 426fio (+ past participle) 466–70, 510, 709, 727fircus 79, 171firustellum (= frustellum) 556flado 354, 361, 364, 706flagra 181fluctuis (genitive) 434flus 73Flusare 72–3, 111∗foconem 572focus 320fonus 65forma 354formaceus 237, 699formacium 237formatum 237formula 354, 360fornus/furnus 645n. 39fortia 327frango 203n. 25frixoria 479–80, 488, 496, 497, 509fructuis (genitive) 433, 434fruniscarus (< fruniscor) 448fumice (= pumice) 472fundatid 90, 692furfur 432futue (= futui) 249, 442–3

Gallicanus 169gallicus 229gallinae (plural) 545 with n. 94gallinarium 553gallus 350gamba 396n. 143gangadia 236Garmani (= Germani) 610gastra (-um) 439, 515, 716gelela 481, 532, 534, 722gemio 556–7, 561, 562gemmo 208n. 42gentilis 203, 220, 222genuculum 326gibba 557–8, 561, 562, 704gibber 557gibbus 557ginga 529girba 531, 532, 533gitter 499glastum 465glaucuma (= glaucoma) 78glefa 433glisomarga 256gobio 304, 305, 308–9, 362, 509




790 Index verborum

gobius 309, 362, 509graduis (genitive) 433granarium 315granica 326, 328, 360, 363, 509, 705, 717,

718Grecia 82, 88gribello (= cribello) 471grogus (= crocus) 471grundio 414grunnio 414gufus 478, 488, 489, 509, 722gumia 383, 398gura 563gurdonicus 241n. 162gurdus 241n. 162

habeo (+ infinitive) 502,510, 517 n. 14,727–9, (+ past participle) 510,729–30

habunt 587n. 28haedus 79, 126, 171hanka 396n. 144hara 317harula 317hec (= hic masculine) 71hedus 79, 173helops 330n. 281Hercole (dative) 58, 59, 60Herc(o)lo (dative) 95–6, 110Hernici 182hiatus 128hircus 79hirudo 277n. 2hiulcus 128hodieque 209, 212hominus (genitive) 41horda (= forda) 432horticellus 461hospes 130 with n. 42hospitium 580n. 12

illic (pronoun) 451inbrax[tari?] 287, 360incepto 393–4, 398, 429, 714infringo 203ingeniatus 393innulgen(tia) 415insimul 327insolentia (peregrina) 126internumero 615, 616intro (adverb) 15intus 15inuolo (inual-) 586, 612iot(t)a 470–1I(o)ue (dative) 55–7, 59Iouia 476, 488, 707

Iouis 476Iouis dies 476isidarim 563istic (pronoun) 379Italica 371Italicus 163, 194–5, 196, 371n. 6Italus 193, 195iubilo 156–7, 173, 185, 695Iuentius (= Iuuentius) 595iumentum (-a) 315–16, 325, 326, 328, 360,

363, 422iunceus 523iunica 478n. 190Iunone (dative) 59, 60–1

keset (in Faliscan script, = gessit) 102

lacca 709n. 60lacrimus 474, 491, 496lacrimusa 297, 361, 364, 369laetamen 502–3, 510, 707laetus 208n. 42lampas 567–8lateretum 559, 561, 562Latia (lingua) 200Latine 384Latinitas 17 with n. 30,246latitudo 139latro 580n. 12, 610–11latus (adjective) 139lauriu (?) 506lausiae 423, 425, 431, 706leber (= liber) 137lectuarius 548legarica 169, 721lenitas (uocis) 125n. 30, 127lentic(u)laria 314, 319, 327, 361, 364, 705lepista (lepesta) 158, 166lepus 172n. 153leuaricinus 296, 361, 364leuca 355, 705limitaris 313–14, 361, 706littera 139llargus 267llex 267Locina 64loco (adverb) 340–1locus aeternus 680–1loidos 44–5longa (uitis) 254loquor 384Losna 64, 65Luca bos 414Lucii 166lucius 304, 305, 308




Index verborum 791

lupus 432Luqorcos 66luxuries 208n. 42

machalum 314n. 204, 328, 361, 364, 705machina 486machinarius 486machino 485–6, 488, 497, 707macio 353, 360, 363M(a)esius 42 n. 31,110,154 with n.

100,172,187maforsenu 548, 561mafurtium 548magester 137magis plus 501magistratum gero 102magistreis (nominative plural) 44magnus 398n. 146Maius 178mallus 319, 326, 327, 361, 364malum ingenium 316, 328, 360, 363Mamartei 93Mamercus 93Mamers 93manachus (= monachus) 621manduco 278–9, 350mane 31, 396∗maneana 31, 392man(i)cilia 586, 613manubies (ablative) 63manuis (genitive) 433manus (-is)(adjective) 178Marcuri 610Marcus 253, 699, 721marga 256, 603, 704marinus 555–6, 562Marte (dative) 58, 59, 61Martses (ablative plural) 63, 94n. 263Mascel 420massa 460–1, 554–5, 562, 704Matarnus 585, 610matrimunium 75mattiana 430Mauors 94Maurte (dative) 59Maurtia 94maxumus 107medidies 170, 172medus 333, 335, 361, 364melca 334mellacium 546–7Menerua 47, 49, 103, 137Menrua 47, 51mensa 400mente habeo 302, 360

mereni 416mereto 70mergus 219, 230, 699, 721messoria (falx) 460micina 526, 535mino(r) 326Mircurius 89–91misererus (< misereor) 446–7miserinus 535mius (= meus) 91moiros (= murus) 44–5mora (‘mulberry tree, bramble’) 223–4morarus (< moror) 448–9moritex (-ix) 311–12, 360, 362, 368, 598morus, -i f. 223mufrius 440mufro 440muri 165, 172, 173, 185, 704Mursina 48n. 52muste (nominative plural) 87mustela 304, 305, 309–10, 311, 360, 364, 369mustum 536mut(h)unium 75–6muttonium 75–6

napina 314, 327, 361, 364, 705nascentia 474, 491, 496natio 107, 123, 164natiuus 200natus, -a 301–2, 360, 362naupreda (-prida) 331–2, 332, 360nausum 311n. 184ne . . . nec 448nebrundines 174neco 326nefrendes 174nefrones 174nefrundines 175nes(s)i (= nisi) 653niuata 484, 488, 489, 509, 514Nobuembres (= Nou-) 627nominus (genitive) 41nontiata 65nubo 224nuges (ablative) 63

obba 540, 549ocimum 547ocinum 547Octember (Octimber) 356, 419Octuber 417–18olla 181oppedis (= oppidis) 70oppidanus 136optumus 107




792 Index verborum

opulus 168, 169, 173, 187, 721orator (with short first vowel) 264orbus (ab oculis) 338–9Orcunius 75oreginem 249oricula 181–2, 420Oriunna 415orum (= aurum) 182os, oris 199–200, 233, 261, 269, 543–4os, ossis 261, 262Osca 406 with n. 179ossifraga 217–18ossua 265n. 244ossum 261–2Oueus 70ozie (= hodie) 204n. 31

pala 396n. 144, 537, 565, 576, 708palacurna 236palaga 236palfebra 506panaca 285, 361, 364, 732pan(n)a 283–6, 361, 364, 368, 700pan(n)ias 283pannum 285–6, 615paparus 484, 488, 509paramus 30, 279, 425–6, 431, 700, 705paraxidi (-es) 282n. 19, 287, 360parentatid 70, 692partuis (genitive) 433passum 536pastillus 212–13Patarnianus 585, 610Patauinitas 147–53pater (fossilised) 619paterus (< patior) 448patiarus (< patior) 447patres 356, 681–2, 706pedatus 208–10, 230, 718pelagicus 498–9, 568pelagus 404–5, 707, 732pelaica (pelagica) 298, 499n. 295pellicula 155, 173, 185, 187perca 304, 308percolopo 439percontor 394perduellis 38n. 15peregrinitas 134peregrinus 124,126,136,147,170–1; peregren-

249peres (= pedes) 205perexcutio 604periculus 497, 500perna 372n. 15, 389–91pernix 389–91

perpes 519perurbanus 148n. 85pesco (?) 96–7, 111petitus 394petorritum 255petrunculus 322 with n. 233pices (with long first vowel and short second)

265n. 244pignus 323pinguis 245piper (with long i) 263pipilus 547n. 101pip(p)io 485, 488pisaria 314, 319, 327, 361, 364, 705piscatus 595–6pisinnus 352pittaciarium 425platensis 332, 360, 364platessa 311, 332∗platix 332∗platussa 332plenus 138–9plico 349–50, 352, 709plostrum 188plouebat (= pluebat) 589ploxenum 176–7plumbio 297plus magis 501Podlouquei 64n. 113polliciarus (< polliceor) 446Poloces 64Poloc(i) 66Polouces 64pomarium 553pomex 65–6, 419popia 598–9, 603, 622porca 216, 234, 704porcina 321porculetum 216–17, 230, 704posit (= posuit) 670–2posquam 93pos (tempus) 93praecanto 292praeconor 395pra(e)da 79praesumo 358praeuaricationus (genitive) 41prauus 403precaream (precariam) 70precula (= pergula) 135pre(he)ndo 81presse 125n. 30pressus 125 with n. 30pretod (in Faliscan script) 83–4, 88, 101, 102,

106, 692




Index verborum 793

primumuir 497primus 280probauero 92prodigius (masculine) 220–1pro qua re 499–500Prosepnai 83n. 205pulica 478n. 190pullatus 560, 561, 562, 704pullus (adjective) 206–7, 230, 560, 699, 704pullus (noun) 350–1, 352, 360, 363, 369, 576,

709–10, 722pumica 472, 477–8, 488, 509, 707∗puteuus (= puteus) 589–90putris 206 with n. 37puuer (= puer) 589

qestur 84quaero (+ ad) 564–5quaestuis (genitive) 433quamquidem 497quando (qando) 106–7, 158–60, 164, 173,

184, 185, 186, 714quantum etiam 519–20quare 323, 326, 328, 360, 706quase 138n. 69, 149–52, 442queistores 84qui (with feminine antecedent) 560 with n.

140,615quia (complementing uerba dicendi) 456, 727Quinquatrus 163, 714quirito 155–6quod (complementing uerba dicendi) 456, 727

rabonem (= arrabonem) 71, 120–1, 185racana 601n. 75racemus 297n. 91∗radica 478raeda 255rana 423rana rubeta 336ratio 246rauba 326raucus 250recipiates (= recipiatis) 442recisamen 424∗redinellu(m) 308, 310refugium 341, (sc. portaregia (sc. olea) ) 217–18regus (genitive) 41reloquor 167–8remaccino (= -machino) 474, 486repauso 502repetitus 209–10requiebit/requieuit 638, 639, 643resono 145

retro 341r(h)edo 304, 305, 307–8, 310, 311, 361, 363,

364, 365, 722riparia 291ripariola 291, 360, 363, 369, 700, 722rituis (genitive) 433robigo 65robus 65Romanus (applied to sermo, lingua, sim.) 189,

197–8, 199, 245–6, 246–7Roomanus 104rosa 432roster (= rostrum) 501rostrum 82, 254–5, 385–9, 398, 543–4, 565,

575–6rubus 223–4∗rugina 526n. 37, 535ruginosus 526n. 37, 535rumpotinus 168–9, 187rumpus 169, 173, 699, 721rupina 535ruscus 435–6rusticus 19,125,129 (‘uneducated’), 143–5rustuarius 435rustum 435–6, 699, 722rutramen 424

sactus (=sanctus) 593–4saepe 466sa(e)ta 79saetacio 490saetacium 490Safinius 438sala 326salar 304–5, 310, 311, 361, 363, 364salemoria 497salica 478n. 190salis (nominative) 497, 500salmo 304, 305, 308salto 294Salute (dative) 58Salutus (genitive) 42samara (-era) 451, 722samentum 178–9sanguem (= sanguinem) 586sanguen 586sanguinentus 474, 492, 496sanguisuga 31, 277n. 2santus (= sanctus) 593sapa 546–7Saplutius 439saplutus (Saplutus) 438–9sapor uernaculus 134, 135sarcophagus 277–8sario (?) 310




794 Index verborum

sarracla 239sarralia 239, 700, 722(s)asia 217saxeus 608sbitualis 563sc(a)ena 81scafa 479scamara 512–13scaurarius 425scoria 235screonia (screunia) 318–19, 328, 361,

364scrofa 432scudis 235scuria 318, 326, 328, 361, 364, 705secale 217, 553secula 170, 173, 185Secunnus (= Secundus) 415sefr(i)a 531, 532segusius (sig-, -gut-) 322, 603segutilum 235, 237selesua 563semol 70senatuis (genitive) 433, 434sentis 223–4, 621Septimatrus 163, 173Sepunius 75sera 350sermo 122, 195, 233sero 350serralia 239serratula 219, 721serus (= seruus) 595Sexatrus 163, 173sibe 138n. 69, 149–52, 442siddipia 563silurus 304, 305, 307, 310, 361,

362similixulae 68sinator 453sindon 548singuli 349sin(n)um (= signum) 593sitri 334, 335, 360, 363, 364, 366socerio/suecerio 677sodinga 334sofia 298, 360, 362, 364, 366soledas (= solidas) 70soltum (= solidum) 594sono 145sonus 117, 131, 145, 185–6souxtum 597, 603, 622spacus 482, 488, 514spanus 569, 576, 708spatiarus (< spatior) 448

spauesco (= expauesco) 481n. 204speca 138, 173spelta 222–3spica 138, 222–3spicarium 314–15, 319, 326, 328, 360, 363,

366, 369, 705stercus (masculine) 497, 500stetim (= statim) 205∗steua 420stircus 89n. 229, 90, 692strebula 176stridor 269Struppearia 177struppus 177∗struuo (= struo) 590sturio 330suauitas 127, 131subagrestis 139suber 419subinde 466, 707subitaneus 395subrusticus 140–1succidia 390sudor 235suffrago 474, 492–3, 496sum (fui ad ecclesiam sim.) 348sumo 358sunnis 318, 319, 360, 363suodales 94n. 259superfusa 502supero 348–9suppernatus 390Supunne (dative) 86sus (= suus) 679n. 96susinarius 474, 478, 488, 496, 722sutis (sutegis) 316, 319, 326, 360, 362, 705suto (= sutor?; in Faliscan script) 102 n.

307suuentium (= subentiu(s)) 466, 509, 514suuus (= suus) 589

Tabudium 527tabula 400talea 463taliola 512talutium 235, 237tam 346–7tam magnus 344–7, 402, 732tam modo 121, 185tasconium 236, 237taurus 252�� 680tebae 165, 172, 173, 187, 704tecco 331, 332, 361, 364tempestatebus (= tempestatibus) 70, 137




Index verborum 795

tennitur (= tenditur) 415tenuis 245Terebunius 75termen 160–2, 173, 185termines (= termini, nominative plural) 561,

562terminus 160–2termunibus 162ternagus 424, 425, 431tesqua (tesca) 181testarius 424theatrus (masculine) 220–1thius 429tifata 165tinca 134n. 52, 304, 305, 308tintinnum 321, 322, 328, 360titina 535titta 539, 540tolleno 238–9tongeo 175tongitio 175, 176toral(e) 548torta (turta) 611, 615tossea 582, 601tradux 169trahea 437, 699traucum 327, 360, 363, 706trebibos (= tribibus) 70trebla (?) 180tricoscino 489–90, 496, 497tricoscinum 489–90trigina (= triginta) 416triones 157–8, 173, 185, 187tripeccia 242–3tripes 242n. 167tripetia 242, 603tripus 242troppus 324–5, 326, 328, 360, 363trucantus 331, 332, 360, 362tructa (trocta) 304–5, 336tucus 240tuθos 288tu quidem 133n. 50tu(u)s 302tuuus 589

uaciuus 392–3, 398, 429, 714uacuus 392–3uado 502ualles 300–1, 364, 368uargus 317–18, 319, 329, 360, 363uario (?) 310, 361, 509uarius (noun) 304, 310, 311ubba 540,549 with n. 108ube (= ubi) 151n. 95

ubertumbi 424, 425ubuppa 539–40uectura 612–13, 615uecus 56–7ueha 137, 173ueicus 57n. 77uella 138, 173ueltragus 322ueltrus 322uendico (= uindico) 653uenenum terrae 208, 721Venere (dative) 59Venerus (genitive) 42Verecunnus (= Verecundus) 415uergentia 558–60, 562uertragus 322, 360, 362, 603Vesune (dative) 84uettonica 219, 721Victorie (dative) 84uictuis (genitive) 433uicturei (dative) 76, 110uilbia 614uinaceus 402Vindolana (= Vindolanda) 415uiridarium 553uissacio (= bisacci-?) 654uitica 478n. 190uitium 193, 203, 205, 263, 264, 265uitrum 465uiuarium 553uiuo suo 679ulica 478n. 190Vlk(ano) (= Vulcano) 594–5Vltinia (= Vultinia) 594–5ulua 524uluccus 251–2, 700umbra 304, 305, 310, 361ungulus 180∗uocitus 393 with n. 124uociuus 392uolatica 477, 488, 509uolo (+ infinitive) 730Volturnus 228–9, 230, 699, 718uolueret (= uoluerit) 441uomica 493–6, 496, 497uomico 495uomitus 494uootum (in Faliscan script) 103–4uox 125, 128, 145urbanitas 133, 134, 149, 198urium 236ustilis 424utarus (< utor) 448uterus (< utor) 446utraque lingua 171




796 Index verborum

uuatum 465uuisdil 487, 489uulgo 209–10, 250, 251, 291n. 52, 503, 524,

613uxo (= uxor, in Faliscan script) 101 n. 293,102

with n. 306,106,692uxor (fossilised) 619

(b) Other Italic languagesOsc. amirikum 89Pael. casnar 154n. 199Fal. citiai 103Fal. clipea(r)io 69n. 139Pael. coisatens 44n. 39Fal. creco 78n. 184Umb. cvestur. (nominative plural) 84Pael. didet 74Osc. dunúm 74Ven. equpetars 97Mars. esos 85Fal. filea 69n. 139Fal. fileo 69n. 139Osc. fluusaı́ 72n. 159, 73Umb. gomia 383Osc. hereklúı́ 95Mars. herna 182Fal. hileo 69n. 139Fal. iunai 103Fal. karai 103Osc. kúmbennieı́s (tanginud) 104, 410Umb. kumiaf 383Osc. kvaı́sstur 84Umb. kvestur 84Osc. ĺıkı́tud 67

wadium 323, 326, 328, 360, 363

zaccario 531zaeus 233–4, 716zanda 546zenatuo (genitive, in Faliscan script) 104zenzur 530

Fal. loifirta 90Fal. loifirtato 90, 104Osc. maı́s 154n. 100Osc. mais 154n. 100Osc.Mamercus 93Osc.Mamers 93Umb. menes 409Umb. menzne 72n. 159Osc. mirikui 89Fal. ouxo 102Osc. pakis 416Osc. patensı́ns 414Mars. pesco 96–7, 111Fal. popliai 103Osc. safinim 438n. 24S. Pic. safinús 438Osc. tanginúd 175n. 158Osc. teremenniú 161n. 123Ven. termon 162Ven. termonios 162Umb. umen 409Osc. úpsannúm 412Fal. uxo 102Mars. vesune 85Osc. vı́kturraı́ 76




Subject index

ablative plural, feminine, in -es 62–3‘accent’

African 193, 195, 201, 269Aquitanian 192defined 8–10desirability of suppressing, if regional 119,

125, 127, 133, 190, 193, 231, 232,260

in Etruscan 124n. 27Italian versus African 193of Cisalpine Gaul 133of Corduba 136of Gaul 730of Greeks speaking Latin 126, 244–6prompting derision 192, 232Roman, alleged feature of in imperial period

666–7Roman, in Republic 119, 124–5, 132, 133,

145, 146, 185rustic, deliberately cultivated 119, 136–7rustic, stigmatised 124–5, 127, 144,

183Spanish 191, 231–3Transalpine 192

accommodation 30accusative

as proto-Romance form 299, 510forms used with nominative function 505–6of lists 299n. 103of the rubric 444

Adriatic coast, Latin of 669–70adverb, regional 210–11Aelius Stilo 81, 120, 158, 171, 172, 175, 176,

184Aequi 214–15, 230, 688African Latin 259–69, Chapter VIII

passim, 642–9accent of 193–4, 260Africans on 193, 689–90as archaic, ‘Oscanised’ 399, 519

as best attested regional variety 710–11features shared with Sardinian 260, 262, 351,

527, 536–7, 542, 544, 546, 566, 567–8,569, 576, 648, 707, 708

koineisation (?) of 26, 698, 711under Vandals 549–62‘vices’ of 272vowel system of 260–5, 647–8, 676, 710–11

Africitas 7, 516ager Gallicus 85–6Agricola 581agricultural buildings, terminology of 314–15,

316, 318, 326, 328, 355–6, 364agricultural terms 206–7, 216–17, 293–4, 314,

321 see also landscapeAlba Fucens 57Alexander of Tralles, Latin translation of 474–5,

497Altinum 214Amiternum 59, 63, 70, 72, 73, 166, 173Anagnia 178analogists 16anaptyxis 75, 161n. 123, 408n. 186,

444anatomical terminology 509–10animal terminology applied to humans 255,

386–9anomalists 16Anthimus-as nominative in 675Gallic usages in 329–35Italian usages in 469, 487origin of 329–30

antiquarianism, linguistic 73Antonius Julianus 233Aprissius 156Apuli 230Apulia 688Aquitaine 192, 241–2, 275, 697Aramaic, sounds of 269

797




798 Subject index

‘archaic relics’in Britain 584in German language islands and elsewhere

25–6in Romance 22–3, 374, 430in Roman provinces 26, 712–14in Sardinia 31, 157, 380, 381 with n. 52,

401in Spain 51, 374, 378–83, 392–3, 393–4

archaising in literary Latin 38, 94, 138n. 69,159, 180, 393, 518–19

archaism(s) 31, 38, 47, 102, 159, 334in Africa 517, 518–19provincial, defined 396–9, esp. 397–8,

713–14see also ‘archaic relics’, legal archaisms,

religious archaismsAsconius Pedianus 149–50Asinius Pollio 16, 147–9aspirate 174, 634–5assimilation

contact, in Oscan and Latin 408–16of final consonants 455of prefixes 268vocalic 68, 586, 612

Ateius Philologus 177Atella 153Atellan farce 2, 110, 153–7, 172, 173, 180, 187,

443, 695Athens, Greek of as a model for or compared

with ‘Roman Latin’ 129–32, 142–3,183

Attic dialect, status of 130n. 43Attici, Greek of 127, 129–30Atticist movement 131n. 45attractio inversa 444Aufinum 210 with n. 55Augusta Treverorum see TrierAugustine

and African Latin 192–4, 261–2linguistic insecurity of 192–4

Augustus, as indifferent to prescriptions ofgrammarians 16–17

Ausoniusand regional Latin 304–11, 332, 337, 355,

356, 681n. 103epistle to Theo 332, 355Mosella 304–11, 367, 464

Australian English 20, 23, 184, 191

Baetica 136, 185, 228, 229, 231, 234–5,704

‘Balkan Latin’ 633, 679‘Balkan Sprachbund’ 730barbarians, Greeks and Romans 246–7

Batavians, in Britain 581Benedict, Regula 452–3bilabial fricative [β] in Latin (?) 626–7, 664Bilbilis 190bilingualism, bilingual texts 99, 159, 161–2,

371, 511, 569, 570, 617birds, local names of 217–18, 240, 251–3,

297–8, 482, 484–5, 722Bordeaux 192, 241, 337, 697borrowing see loan-wordsbotanical terms see flora and faunaBritain

earliest attestations of Latin in 577–8misspellings in inscriptions of 651–5sharing terms with Gaul 257, 285–6, 312,

322, 337, 583, 596–603British Celts and Latin 582, 585–6Brittonic, Latin loan-words in 583–93‘broadness’ of rustic speech in Latin 139Bruttii 142bubulci 157Bu Njem 4, 562–5, 644–5butchery, terminology of 390–1

C. Caecilius Metellus Caprarius 82Caeculus 82Caere 99, 124Caesar 108De analogia 16n. 25

Caesarius of Arles 293–5Calabria 47, 207, 433, 470, 479, 481, 491,

495n. 290, 525, 536, 561Cales 57, 59, 92calques

in Greek based on Latin (?) 338in Italic based on Greek 55in Latin based on Gaulish (?) 339–40in Oscan based on Latin 104

Campania, Campani, ‘Campanian’ Latin 170,185, 206–10, 230, 443–51

Capitoline hill, social dialect of 190Capua 41, 42n. 31, 44, 45, 47, 60, 63,

167Carlisle tablets 579Carteia 371Carthaginians 370case

dative with verbs of helping 438single forms used with more than one

function 563–4see also ablative, accusative, dative, genitive,

nominativeCaso Cantovios bronze 62–3Catalan, and Provençal 283, 314, 323, 327,

336, 340, 341, 376, 426, 427, 428, 706




Subject index 799

causes of regional variation 112–13, 186–7,230, 272, 368–9, 711–12

Celticin Galatia 116n. 2inscriptions of Britain 616–20terms to do with horsemanship 255

Christian Church, and movement ofquasi-technical terms 326, 718

Church fathersadopting local usages 293–4, 367stigmatising pagan terms for days of the week

347–8‘talking down’ to the uneducated 261–2, 293

with n. 63, 294, 348, 367Cisalpine Gaul 133, 146, 147, 152, 168–9, 185,

194, 197, 250–1, 274Cistercians, responsible for transport of a

term 326cities

and dialect diffusion 18–19, 39, 106, 113,141, 186, 688, 691–2, 695

Rome and other imperial seats or cities asadmired linguistic centres 29, 142, 194,200, 242, 243, 275, 695, 696, 697–8 seealso Aquitaine, Trier

Claudius Terentianus 649 see also Index locorums.v. P. Mich.

clausulae 264n. 144code-switching 95, 97, 172, 300, 302coins, British Iron Age 577–8colloquialism, colloquial Latin 160, 205, 347,

378 with n. 38, 380, 447, 450, 470,501–2, 586

colonies, British 26–7, 34–5colonisation and dialects 21–7, 210Columella as commentator on regional Latin

115, 206, 231, 258, 699 see also Indexlocorum

comedy 2, 52–3, 120–1comic language, imitated later 378–9, 380–1Commius (-ios),British king 577compilations, technical texts as 306n. 149, 465,

471, 504, 506, 534n. 62compound adverbs and prepositions 375–6concrete meanings from abstract 535conflation, syntactic 506, 519–20, 618,

619Consentia 142Consentius see Index locorum‘conservatism’ of language 179, 372–4, 456,

584, 698–701consonants

clusters (ps, pt) modified in Gaulish 287, 603gemination and simplification of 267 with n.

247

‘harsh’ combinations of 128–9see also d, f, h, l, m, s, spellings

Consultus Fortunatianus see Fortunatianuscontinuity, of dialects/regional Latin 27–8, 207,

219, 229, 257, 273, 376, 380,698–701

contrastive observations 174–5, 184, 216,218–22, 251, 272, 688

Corduba 126, 135–6, 164, 231, 371, 687,688

P. Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus 142‘correct’ Latin, concept of 247 see also ‘standard

language’Corsica 436, 525L. Cotta, imitator of rustic speech 19, 30,

136–7, 139, 143‘countries’ and regional Latin 32–3, 222, 272,

298–9, 343, 426, 428, 635, 688, 724culinary terminology 467, 470curse tablets 4, 444–51, 579–80, 654

from Bath 580, 585

d> l 166n. 138> r 205n. 35

Dacia 593, 668–9Dalmatia 449, 633, 659–60, 668, 671Dante, on vernaculars of Italy 697, 723–4Danubian provinces, Latin of 668–9 see also

Noricumdate of occupation of a province as determinant

of its regional features (?) 21–2, 26, 27,372 with n. 15, 373, 397, 429, 430,454, 518, 712–14

dativein -a for -ai 46–52in -ae 50in -ai 83n. 205, 103in -e for -ai 84in -e for original -ei 54–62, 693of possession in Balkan Latin 675–6with verbs of helping 438

dative/ablative plural, feminine, in -es 63days of the week, names for 347–8, 476, 566–7,

718defixiones see curse tabletsDelos 47, 61, 89, 444derision, prompted by regional accent 192,

232dialect(s)

American 22, 24defined 8–12, 723–4levelling 33, 173, 230, 688mixed 23, 24, 25, 29, 30, 100, 692, 695new 22, 27, 28, 30, 541, 714–15, 717




800 Subject index

dialect(s) (cont.)old 28, 186regional 119, 190, 202social 119, 125, 190, 202, 205, 242, 243,

274, 450, 451, 674‘dialect terms’, strong versus weak 12–13, 185,

259, 273, 319, 327–8, 360–1,540–1

diffusion of dialect features‘contagious’ 18–20, 33, 691–2, 717,

719from a rural area 19–20, 48, 88, 181, 186,

432–3, 714, 719from the city 186, 691–2‘parachuting’ 18–20, 33, 210, 229 with n.

120, 297 with n. 91, 315, 326, 369,527–8, 717–18

diminutives 291in -ellus 458, 459, 514in -inus 526, 535in -one(m) 572

Diocletian, Prices Edict 553diphthongsai/ae 78–82, 109–10, 694ei 52–64oi 44–5

doctors, using Greek 508

Endlicher’s glossary 299–303Engadine 476, 481Ennius, and regional Latin 175, 179–80‘Estuary English’ 11, 29Etruria 97–100Etruscan 51, 75, 94, 97–100, 101, 112, 124n.

127etymologies, ancient 81, 182Eucheria, poetess 335–6Eugippius 512

f, intervocalic/before r 432–3, 437, 440falcon medicine, treatise on 480Falerii Novi 40, 88, 100, 112, 163, 164, 173,

177, 184, 187, 687, 691–2Falerii Veteres 88, 100, 692Faliscan 69 with n. 139, 78 with n. 184, 79,

82/n. 198, 84, 88, 90, 100, 103, 109,111, 691

Faliscan Latin 30, 49, 69, 70, 79, 83–4, 88,100–6, 110, 112, 163, 184, 187

Favorinus, on regional wind names 224–5filiations 577, 585, 617–18fish, local names of 233–4, 296, 298, 304–11,

330–3, 362, 478, 722flora and fauna, terminology of 169, 213–14,

215, 216, 217–18, 219, 222–3, 223–4,

239, 252, 253, 362, 451, 478, 480–1,522–8, esp. 527, 529–30, 531–2, 533,565, 721–3

Florentine dialect 275, 697Formiae 158, 184formulaic language 50, 58, 74, 76, 514,

563–4, 618, 619, 620, 678, 679, 680,681–2

Fortunatianus, Consultus 220–2Frankish terms 314n. 204, 317, 318, 319, 323,

324, 325, 326 nn. 268, 272, 328–9,334, 363

Fundi 158, 184funerary inscriptions 98, 99, 278, 617–20, 677,

679, 680, 681–2Furfo 72–3

Gades (Cadiz) 231, 233–4Galatia 116n. 2Galen, Latin translations of/commentaries

on 475, 501–3‘Gallicisms’ 343–4, 350–1Gallo-Romance

and Catalan see Catalandivisions of 277n. 2, 400

GaulB/V in inscriptions of 638–40dialect variation within 242, 243, 258, 259,

272, 320, 365, 366, 711‘Gallic Latin’ 245, 248, 249, 251, 257–8,

259, 303, 365–6, 648vowel spellings in inscriptions of 637

Gaulish 162, 250, 251, 253, 254, 256–7, 282,339

currency of into Empire 241n. 163, 299,365n. 388

dental phoneme(s) 287–8, 365interference in Greco-Latin 287, 288, 302–3,

365, 701tablet from Chamalières 339treatment of certain consonant clusters

286–7, 365velar spirant 286–7, 603

generalisation, semantic 210, 318, 541genitive

feminine singular in -(a)es 447, 450feminine singular in -ai 38n. 14feminine singular in -as 38n. 16in -us for -is 40–4masculine singular in -uis 433–4(of names) for nominative in Latino-Celtic

inscriptions 618Germanic law codes 313–27 see also loan-words‘German language islands’ 25glides in hiatus see hiatus




Subject index 801

Gothic 487Goths 487grains, terminology of 222–3grammarians

and language standardisation 15, 33, 39and regional variation 203–5, 244–50, 251,

258–9, 265, 267, 268, 274as ‘guardians of tradition’ 15, 33, 248, 261as receptive to language change 248, 271as unreliable 258–9, 268, 274

grammaticalisation 467, 470, 727, 728, 729,730

Q. Granius 134, 152grape varieties, local names of 117, 213–14grecisms 517 (in Africa)Greek�, phonetic value of in later period 664‘creative’ interference of in Latin 674dialects 8–9, 12, 28–9, 115–16, 129–32,

130n. 43dialects of as a descriptive model for Latin

diversity (?) 115–16‘Greek affectation’ in Latin 140influence of as causing merger of /b/ and /w/

in Latin (?) 663–5in Italy under Theodoric 508in northern Italy 508, 716in southern Gaul/Spain 226, 234, 281–2,

362, 716in southern Italy 439, 490, 716koine 27, 28, 130–1vowels, closeness of 139–40

Greeks, Romans and others, threefolddivision 246–7

Greeks speaking Latin 233, 245 with n. 173,248, 438, 450, 673–4

h, omitted in initial position 635Hadrian, accent of 231–2‘harshness’ of rural speech 127–9Hernici 178, 182hiatus

closing of e in 606, 612e for i in early Latin 68–9, 111, 184–5 ; in

Faliscan 69n. 139glides inserted 589–92, 612harsh and acceptable types of (?) 128–9

Hibernisms in Latin 621‘Hispanisms’ 343–50, 402–6Hortensius 134, 135humour, Roman 134

Iberian 371, 406n. 179imperfect learning (of second language) 110,

563, 618, 619, 620

innovations, innovatory usages 43, 186–7, 277n.2, 279–80, 430, 466, 478, 488, 497,514, 541, 565, 575–6, 701, 714–15

insecurity, linguistic 191, 193–4, 202–3,270

interference, bilingual 78, 622of Etruscan at Praeneste (?) 112of Gaulish in Latin 365of Greek in Latin 126–7of Oscan in Latin 78

invective, linguistic 79, 82, 147–52, 184‘iotacism’ 244isolation 31, 39, 186Italian

dialects 409–10standard 697

‘Italian’ Latin 193, 194–5, 195–6, 203–4 withn. 31, 251, Chapters II, III, IV, VI

Italica 231n. 122, 232n. 123, 371Italici 47Italy

ancient languages of 37central 51, 488–9, 658northern 51, 458, 465, 466, 469, 473–4,

476, 477, 478, 480, 488–9, 502,510–11, 515, 659, 676, 688

southern 51, 439, 471, 483, 489, 490, 508,515, 658

iuncturae (at word boundaries) 127–9

Jewsand Romance 157 with n. 113and Sardinia 566–7at Venusia 680

Johns Hopkins defixiones 444–51jokes, linguistic or to do with literacy 52–4, 71,

120–1, 183, 694–5

kinship terms, fossilised 619koine Greek see Greekkoineisation 23, 24, 26, 698, 711koines 23, 26

l, types of in Latin 265–7‘labdacism’ 246, 265Lacus Fucinus 54, 57, 61, 64, 80, 84–5, 88La Graufesenque 4, 32, 281–9landscape, land usage and regional

variation 165, 206–7, 216–17, 234,254, 256–7, 320–1, 355, 426, 549,550–61, 562, 600–1, 703–5

language attitudes 19, 29, 115, 121, 188–9,194, 195, 695

embarrassment of rural speakers at theirmanner of speaking 18n. 34




802 Subject index

language contact 34–5, 113, 701, 702, 716see also Gaulish, interference; Greek;interference, bilingual; Iberian;‘Oscanised’ Latin

language mixing 75, 76, 78, 96–7, 110language shift 75, 78, 97, 98, 100, 110–11, 694language standardisation 13–17, 119

and ‘optional variation’ 15see also ‘standard language’

language use as just one aspect of behaviour 118,190, 195, 270, 697

Lanuvium 60, 120, 164, 173, 175, 178, 184Latin

‘inferior’ regional varieties of 118, 121, 124,132, 133, 191, 201

literature and regional varieties 731–2 (withcross references)

of Aquitaine as ‘superior’ 243–4of Rome as ‘superior’ 118, 132, 247‘superior’ varieties of (Latin and Greek) 118,

121, 131, 132, 133, 183, 188, 189, 191,192, 200, 243, 247 see also Trier

unitarian thesis regarding 1n. 1, 684‘zones’ of 125–6

Latin Anthology, African section 422, 524,534–5

Latini 2, 37Latinitas 17Latium 46, 58–9, 64, 75, 83, 94, 109, 134, 158,

160–2, 162–3, 164, 172, 173, 184, 186,187, 687, 688, 694

Vetus 37rural 46, 48, 79, 88, 162, 173, 184,

693Lavinium 47laymen versus grammarians on regional

variation 258–9legal archaisms 43, 45, 58Lesbos, dialect or accent of 130–1Lex Lucerina 90Lex metalli Vipascensis 421–5‘Libyan’ 569, 663, 666Lilybaeum 142–3linguistic change, differential rates of 88, 110,

112, 186, 187, 510, 719–20, 729literacy 53, 54, 626, 631, 676literary language 37–8, 94–5loan-translations

in Irish Latin from Irish 621 with n. 121in Latin from Gaulish 300–1, 368

loan-wordsAfrican (Punic, Libyan),in Latin 526–7,

529–34, 557, 558, 561, 563, 565, 573,574

Celtic/Gaulish, in Latin 168 (?), 169 (?),176–7, 216 (?), 217, 228, 251, 253–4,256–8, 284 (?), 296, 306, 316, 322,362, 364, 470, 622, 716

Frankish, in Latin 313, 314n. 204, 317–19,321, 323, 324–5, 334, 354, 363, 465,678

Germanic, various, in Latin 333, 334, 353,363, 622, 677, 678

Greek, in regional Latin (or Gaulish) 215,234, 242, 282, 362, 489–90, 498–9,568

Hispanic, in Latin 236, 403, 424, 425–6Italic, in Latin 73, 96, 97, 168 (?), 169 (?),

176 (?), 179, 179–80, 180 (?), 187 (?)Latin, in Berber 262n. 242, 521, 522, 571–3Latin, in Welsh 582, 583–93, 610, 611, 612Lombard, in Latin/Romance 323, 325n.

264, 354, 462, 465Oscan, in Latin 172, 180rare, and the localising of texts 289Umbrian, in Latin 383

localising texts on linguistic evidence 276–80,335, 336, 342, 343, 352, 357–60

‘local specificities’ 237, 280, 294–5, 358, 359,433, 720–1

Lombard laws 477, 482, 511–12long close e see vowels‘lost Romance languages’

of Africa 521, 543of Britain 583, 609, 611

Lucilius 15, 374–7, 386Lucus Feroniae 46, 69, 96Lugdunensis 400, 638–9, 640

mfinal, in Latin 74n. 168, 636, 653final, in Oscan 74n. 168

Macrobius 178Magna Graecia 294, 490malapropism 221, 313 with n. 196, 493–4Marcella, patroness of Martial 190Marcus Aurelius 156, 178Marrucini 47–8, 64, 85, 211–12, 230, 688Mars, names of in Latin 93–5Marsi, Marsian 47–8, 54–7, 63, 84–5, 88, 96–7,

109, 111, 182, 214–15, 216–17, 230,688, 692, 693

Martial, and regional Latin 189–90, 237, 285,322, 403n. 164, 602

medical texts and localised features 289–93,472–511, 528–46, 711

medieval Latinof Britain 285–6, 292n. 60, 605, 607, 609,

611, 614–16, 616–20




Subject index 803

of Gaul seeMerovingian Latinof Italy 456, 480, 505, 659

Mediolanum 168, 185, 193–4, 200, 243, 275,698

Merovingian Latin 456, 470, 505, 728Messala Corvinus, M. Valerius 141, 232messores 137–8, 146metalinguistic evidence 10, 33, 114, Chapters

III, IV passimmetaphors

localised 208, 219, 239, 537peasant 208n. 42, 239

metathesis 135 with n. 54‘micro-communities’ 701–3migration and dialect usages 210, 229see also diffusion, ‘parachuting’

military language (?) 210, 372n. 15, 386n. 86,390

mining and its terminology 12–13, 235–7, 372,421–5, 702–3

mixed-language texts 74–5, 76, 78, 95, 110,371, 694

Monica, mother of Augustine 193monophthongisation 44, 64, 66, 78–88,

109–10, 111, 123, 181–2 see alsodiphthongs

Mulomedicina Chironis, origin of 468, 483, 532,537 with nn. 77, 78, 538/n. 79, 569,576, 708–9

Naevius, and regional Latin 158, 167names, regional 166, 585, 562naming and non-naming of

dialects/languages 11–12, 33, 115Naples 436, 483Narbonensis 225, 226, 227, 241, 282, 638–9,

640–1Nervesia 714neuter, passing into masculine 220, 221,

274New Zealand English 23–4Nigidius Figulus 174, 434nominative

and oblique-case form distinguished in somemedieval Latin 505, 728

for oblique cases 563–4, 618, 619of apposition 531n. 53, 564of type Aenea for Aeneas 47, 674plural in -as 443–4, 674–5plural in -eis 417singular in -i for -ius 99, 416–17singular in -os versus -us on British coins

577Noricum 162, 283–4, 336, 476, 512, 668, 674,

677, 678

Normans, responsible for transport of term 297with n. 91, 315

nursery terms 538–40

officialese 102, 103, 104old meanings or uses of words, retained in the

provinces 107, 158–9, 163, 164, 186,212, 378–80, 714

onomatopoeic coinages 240, 259, 484, 485Oribasius, Latin versions of 472–501Osca (Huesca) 406n. 179, 412‘Oscan characters’ in farce 154, 156, 172Oscan in Spain (?) 371, 406–16‘Oscanised’ Latin/Romance (?) 44–5, 67, 72–7,

95–6, 406–16, 441–2, 443–4‘Oscan’ nominative in -as (?) 443–4Oscan(s) 41, 66, 67, 75, 93, 94, 95, 103–4,

110, 111, 112, 171, 172outsiders, language attitudes of and

towards 115, 116, 118, 132, 133,188–9, 190–1, 192n. 11, 193–4, 200–1,202–3, 232, 233, 270

Pacuvius, and regional Latin 180Padua 147, 150–2, 185Paeligni, Paelignian 47–8, 64, 74, 76, 85, 96,

692palatalisation 64, 72, 203n. 25, 204Palatine hill, social dialect of 190Palladius, origin of 468, 503Pannonia 222–3, 668, 670–2‘parachuting’ see diffusionPatauinitas 147–53, 184Peregrinatio Aetheriae, origin of 276–7, 342–52,

468, 708–10periphrasesfio + past participle 466–70habeo + infinitive 502, 510, 517n. 14,

727–9habeo + past participle 510, 729–30

C. Persius 142Philagrius, Latin translation of 475Philumenus, Latin translation of 475Picardy 164 with n. 131place names, prepositional expressions serving as

560Placentia 134, 185plant names see flora and faunaPlautus

as commentator on or caricaturist of regionalLatin 52–3, 71, 119–21

Latin of 37–8linguistic jokes in 52–3, 71, 120–1

Pliny the Elder, as commentator on regionalLatin 206 see also Index locorum




804 Subject index

Pliny the Younger 196–7pluperfect subjunctive, for imperfect 520poets, provincial and regionalisms 176, 177,

311, 367, 426, 435, 732Pompeian graffiti 67–8, 441–3, 448Pompeius, grammarian 728 see also Index

locorumM. Porcius Latro 232–3Praeneste, ‘Praenestine Latin’ 64, 65, 66, 69, 71,

75, 82–3, 89, 112, 119–23, 170, 175,176, 181, 184, 187, 690–1

present indicativefor future 250, 728for imperative 446–7, 449of appellant et sim., referring to past 175,

176, 178, 182prestige, of certain regional varieties 11, 12, 18,

115, 190–2, 194prothetic vowel 672–3provincials, and language attitudes see outsidersPunic 521, 564, 565, 569–70, 575puns 53

etymological 182‘purists’ and their linguistic influence 14–17

rregional treatment of in final position 101,

102, 103, 106, 110, 112types of 103see also rhotacism

Raetia 476Ravenna, circle of medical translators at 457,

470, 473–5, 480, 489, 495, 496–7Reate 164–6, 185reduplication

in nursery terms 538–9, 540Italic reduplicated present 74

‘regionalising the standard’ 9, 10, 12, 14, 17, 29,30, 33, 367–8, 723, 725, 726

regionalismsfalse 273–4, 677, 678–82‘implicit’ versus ‘explicit’ 114‘inscriptional’ 678–82‘strong’ versus ‘weak’ see ‘dialect terms’

regional speech, defined by Cicero 133registers

archaising 38, 95in Plautus 37–8of monasteries 452–3of professional groups, often connected with a

region 157, 187, 208, 364, 425, 509,515, 568, 574, 701–2, 703

religious 41, 49, 50, 52, 56, 109, 113, 168,691

Regula Magistri, origin of 351

Reichenau glosses, and Gallic Latin 333see also Index locorum

religious archaisms 38, 40, 43, 96, 109‘religious regionalisms’ (?) 41, 49, 113, 168,

177, 179, 181retention (of old features) as dialect feature 64,

85, 97, 106, 110, 112, 113, 179, 230,252, 272, 691–2

Rheto-Romance 476, 477, 481, 488rhotacism

of d 205n. 35of s 72, 73, 75

Romance languagesbranches of 3n. 3defined 3n. 3

‘Romanisation’ 188–9, 195‘Romanness’ of Latin 135, 188–9, 275, 696–7Rome

alleged feature of ‘accent’ of in imperial period666–7

B for V in inscriptions of 657dialect diffusion to and from 18–19, 173, 719

see also diffusioninscriptions of 42n. 32, 58, 70, 81, 657–8prestige of 189, 200, 201vocalic spellings in inscriptions of 657

‘Roman language’ 197–9, 200, 245–7Roman Latin 58, 66, 69, 81, 87–8, 90, 109,

116, 146–7, 186, 274as ‘naturally’ correct 191, 192, 200as ‘superior’ 189, 191, 192, 194, 198–9, 202of plebs 205, 221–2, 270social dialects of 190

Romans, linguistic attitudes of 189, 191, 231–2,233, 270

Rufus of Ephesus, Latin translation of 470, 475;similarities of to that of Oribasius496–7

ruling class, as expected to suppress regionalaccents 232, 260

‘rustic’ Latin and rustics, stigmatised or esteemed19, 30, 52–4, 65, 79, 107, 119, 124with/n.27, 127, 136–7, 138, 145–6,154–5, 181, 185, 218, 223, 234, 239,242, 256, 432, 481, with n. 204, 539

P. Rutilius Rufus 142rye 217, 553

sbefore s or x 104, 141 with n. 76book about, by Messala 141final, in inscriptions 51–2, 74–5, 636final, in speech 140–1, 186, 636final, in verse 104n. 319, 140n. 74see also spellings




Subject index 805

Sabine territory, Latin and Italic of 68, 79, 93,153, 165, 166–8, 171, 182, 185, 217,230

Sardinia 521, 695alleged archaisms in 31, 157, 185, 380–1,

396, 401innovation in 31, 396 nn. 143, 144vowel system of 262 see also vowel systemssee also African Latin

Satricum inscription 93–4scribes versus authors/redactors 465, 466, 471,

472, 504, 505, 507script, serving as substitute for defunct language

105second-language users 75, 80, 87, 99, 117, 126,

160, 204, 246, 438, 564, 574–5,618–20, 677, 678

Semitic languages and influence 517Senate, Roman, linguistic reputation and

attitudes of 192, 231–2Senatus consultum de Bacchanalibus 41, 45, 54,

58, 99n. 281, 104, 150, 417Sententia Minuciorum 161Septimius Severus 260Servius, grammarian, and regional variation

250–1, 258Servius Sulpicius cos. 51 141shifts, semantic 207‘shrinkage’ 31, 279–80, 314, 316, 328, 343,

347, 369, 393, 397, 398, 400, 480, 492,681, 511

Sicily, Greek and/or Latin of 142–3,171

Sidonius Apollinaris 198–9Sora 124Spain

early occupation of 370–2regional features in literary Latin of (?)

345–6, 402–5, 431Spanish Latin, as ‘archaic’ or conservative

370, 372–99; testimonia about231–40

specialisation, semantic 165, 363, 541spellingsa for e before r 240, 585, 609–10and language standardisation 16B for V Chapter X passim� written for b and u in transliterated Latin

664e for original ai/ae 78–88, 109–10, 112, 612,

653, 693e for original ei 52–64, 111, 138, 149–51,

442–3e for short i 67, 70–1, 137–8, 151, 441–2,

588, Chapter X passim

ei for original ai 82 with n. 198, 84final -d for -r in Faliscan 101–2geminated vowels to mark length 103–4i for e before -rc- 89–91-i for -ius 99, 416–17i for long e 67–8, 582n. 19, 603not yet standardised in early period 39o for original au 181–2o for original ou 64–6o for short u 588, 669oi and long u 44–5old-fashioned 138n. 69, 150omission of final -m see momission of final -r in Faliscan 102omission of final -s 51–2, 74–5, 104/n. 319,

140–1 with n. 74, 636omission of final -t 92–3, 504–5omission of initial h see h1omission of nasals before stops 593–4s for ns 630short e and i interchanging in early Latin

70–1, 137traditional/archaising versus innovatory 43–4,

45, 56, 57 with n. 77, 64, 80, 83, 86,87, 395, 399, 442

typical inscriptional misspellings 624–5u for long o 72–7, 417–18u for long o before stop + yod 75u omitted before another u 595V for B 627see also vowel mergers

Spoletium 55, 56, 85stage performances and regional Latin 694–5 see

also Atellan farce, Plautus‘standard language’, ‘standardised variety’ 9,

13–17, 29, 30, 33, 106 (swampingregional variety),113, 119, 186, 188–9,208, 224, 232 and 260 (as appropriateto a person in authority), 271, 688–9

Statilius Maximus 208–9stonemasons, influence of on inscriptions 651,

671, 682stress accent, and vowel length 261, 263–4 with

n. 244substrate languages, words, forms, influence 40,

54, 96, 99–100, 109–10, 113, 173,187, 289, 368, 431, 534, 575, 663,692–3

Subura, social dialect of 190Suessa Aurunca 142suffix(es)/suffixation 364, 478 with n. 190, 509,

553, 595, 608as source of regional words 328–9, 509,

553augmentative 560




806 Subject index

suffix(es)/suffixation (cont.)changes or alternations of 72, 78, 296, 298,

310, 314, 332, 436, 475, 478 with n.190, 509

false analysis of 492Sulpicii, archive of see Index locorum s.v.

TPSulp.superstrate languages, words 317, 363 with n.

387, 716syncope 121n. 18syntax and regional variation 10, 186, 456,

466–70, 510, 726–30

Tablettes Albertini 4, 549–62, 644–7Tacitus 196 see also Index locorumtanning terminology 606–9Tarentum 142Tarraco, early graffito from 47, 51Tarraconensis 655tau Gallicum 288, 365, 716Taurini 217Teate 211Testamentum Porcelli 599 with n. 63Theodoric the Great 329, 508Theophrastus 130–2, 148–9Theuderic, king of the Franks (511–33) 329Tincomarus, British king 577T. Tinga, of Placentia 134–5Tor Tignosa 47, 49, 94trade, and language contact/transferral 20, 372,

527, 542tragedy, tragic dialogue 379‘Transalpine accent’ see ‘accent’translations, medical see medical textstransportation of linguistic features over space

see diffusionTrebula Mutuesca 57, 69, 70, 71Trier 191, 194, 198, 200, 243, 275, 681–2,

698Trimalchio 586Tripolitana 562Tuareg 573tumor Africus 516Tungrians, in Britain 581Tuscany 472, 484, 724Tusci 217–18, 230Tusculum 163, 173, 177, 178, 184

Uley, Gloucestershire 580, 585Umbri 216–17, 230Umbria, Latin of 55, 85–7, 88, 176Umbrian 55, 56, 63, 84, 109, 181

n. 170Umbrianisms, alleged 176, 414unity of Latin (?) 1 with n. 1, 684

Q. Valerius of Sora 124, 129, 134, 146, 183Varro

as commentator on regional usage 119,145,153–73 see also Index locorum

as indifferent to language standardisation 16,19–20, 434

Vatinius 379Venantius Fortunatus 286, 479 see also Index

locorumVeneti 214, 216Venetic 162, 214, 216, 451Venusia 618n. 117, 680verb endings-es and -et for -is and -it 441–2-et for -it in early Latin 70 with n. 147,

105-n for -nt 92, 504-rus for -ris/-re 445–51-t omitted in early Latin 92–3

Verrius Flaccus 163, 175, 176, 181Vestini 47–8, 57, 64, 73, 74, 85, 96, 211–12,

230, 688, 692Vettius Philocomus 122, 123Via Salaria 165‘vices’, linguistic of certain peoples 137, 158,

193, 203, 205, 263, 264, 265, 269, 271,690

villages, and dialects 39Vindolanda 44, 579, 581, 582, 588

see also Index locorum s.v. Tab. Vindol.Vipasca 421–5vocative, for nominative 97–100, 570–1,

574–5voicing of voiceless stops

following a nasal 471intervocalic 471

Volscian 41, 79, 93, 94 with nn. 259, 260vowel length

and stress accent 264 with n. 244disregarded in puns and etymologies 33, 53

with n. 61, 81vowel mergers

of long e and short i , 67, 138, 151, 247–8,262, 442, 588, 628; Chapter X passim

of long o and short o 262–3, 573, 647–8of long o and short u 262, 573, 588, 628,

648, 669vowels see also spellings

‘broad’ 139–40‘intermediate’ vowel 107–8, 247long close e 52–64, 79 (< ae), 111, 138,

149–51, 249, 442–3, 646–7vowel systems

of Africa see African Latinof Balkan Romance 262




Subject index 807

of Britain 622of country Latin 146of Gallic Latin 647of Sardinia 262, 629, 648

‘vulgarisms’, ‘Vulgar Latin’ 67, 517–18, 587,588

‘wave theory, effect’ 18, 46, 48, 88, 186, 215,454, 670–1 with n. 64, 717, 720

Wessex 606winds, regional names of 224–9woad 465word order 38n. 11, 247, 468

yod, after consonant effecting closing ofpreceding vowel 75

z in Faliscan orthography 104




Index locorum

Accius163a 121inc. fab. xxxvii 161

Actus Petri cum Simonep. 55.2 341

57.6 34066.22–3 33967.15 34168.17–18 34069.7 33873.1 34185.6 341101.2 277–8

AE1942–3, 81 5511945, 101 6771968, 610.1 5341985, 954 679n. 982000, 1798 679n. 98

Agathemerus GGM II.471–87 226

Alexander of Tralles Lat.1.6 extr. 4901.70 4901.104 4901.131 4901.135 4902.75 extr. 4902.85 4902.167 4902.183 4902.252 4902.260 4902.269 4902.270 490

Ambrose Hex. 5.3.7 310n. 178

Ammianus14.11.27 46115.11 242n. 16515.11.2 242n. 16415.11.17 355n. 38315.12.2 242n. 16529.1.28 242n. 169

Annales regni Francorum p. 20, a. 763 316

Anthimusp. 4.16 469

8.11 33410.6 33313.10 33415.4 48518.15 33219.8 33119.10 33119.12 33019.14 33124.1–2 487

Anthologia Latina4 48294.1 523–495.2 52397.1 53499.1 534101.1 534148.7 422158.1 534202.1 534231 213372.1 534390 335–6

Antidotarium Bruxellense p. 366.6 544

Antonine Itinerary 397.6 552n. 122

808




Indexlocorum 809

ps.–Antonius Musa Herb. bet. 179 219n. 76

Apicius 2.2.6 469

Appendix Probi31 418214 414

Appendix VergilianaCatalepton 2 288

Appian Iber. 38 371

ApuleiusApol. 57 427

98.8–9 260Asclepius 41, p. 86.13 566Flor. 18.43 197Met. 1.1 197

6.26 5357.15 4869.11 48611.28 197

Mund. 14 227n. 110

ps.-Apul. Herb.4 line 26 52618 line 27 530

ps.-Aristotle Ventorum situs 973b.20 226

Asinius Pollio ap. Charisius p. 124.4–5149

Audollent (1904)222B 545286B.12–13 568291A.5 568291B.9–10 568292B.7 568293A.11–12 568293B.8–9 568294.13 568

AugustineContra Cresconium 3.48.53 523De beata uita 2.16 291

3.20 291De musica 2.1.1 15, 261De ordine 2.17.45 193–4Doctr. Christ. 4.10.24 261Epist. 88.6 523

105.3 523In Psalm. 99.4 156Quaest. Hept. 7.25 544–5

Tract. in Ioh. 120.5 566

Aurelianus of ArlesReg. mon. 394B 348

395D 348Reg. uirg. 15 353

Aurelius, Marcusap. Fronto p. 60.10 178–9

61.22 15662.17 156

AusoniusI.4.5 Green 337VIII.19 681n. 103XVI.75–149 304–11XVI.381–3 200XXVII.13.2 332XXVII.13.7 355XXVII.13.59–60 332XXVII.20a.8 311n. 184

Bede HE 5.9 610

Bellum Hispaniense 40.6 404

Benedict Regula 57 452

Caelius AurelianusAcut. 1.86 535Chron. 5.96 494n. 285

5.97 494n. 285

Caesar Civ. 3.110.2 371n. 5

Caesarius ArelatensisSerm. 13.4 294

52.2 34867.1 293139.7 294193.4 347–8

Calpurnius SiculusEcl. 1.30 156

7.3 156n. 109

Caper GL VII.106.1 68

Capitulare de uillis 3 294

Carmen Priami 179

CassianInst. 5.2 292

5.24 348




810 Indexlocorum

CassiodorusVar. 8.30.2 503

12.4.1 296

Cassius Felixp. 17.12 531

20.16 53032.12 53044.16 54550.20 53661.4–5 54563.5 53170.20 531167.4 531167.13 532174.5 531176.17 532186.6 531186.14 531

CatoAgr. 11.4 435

112.2 401135.1 180135.2 206139 378151.2 207157.7 15157.8 446157.15 15

Orig. 28 20993 227

Catullus17.19 39021.6 44625.2 182, 42042.11–12 38n. 1161.126–8 44884 17497.6 176116.8 140n. 74

CE57 44890.5 44995 411361 63960 4481255.3–4 5351329.3 2211339.19 4551526 4251553.2 161n. 1251876 448

Cetius Faventinus 16 469

CGLI.307.10 540II.349.1 239II.437.6 402II.476.24 613II.496.36 402II.570.24 402II.595.49 285III.198.4 599III.199.33 556III.207.58 604III.355.76 306III.366.30 598III.540.36 240III.567.16 240III.576.41 219n. 76III.598.16 290III.606.20 490V.14.21 256V.59.4 256V.59.24 490V.205.5–6 530V.298.18 556V.484.25 466n. 136V.516.33 181

Charisiusp. 43.12 Barwick 78

114.7 196, 212143.4–9 158251.5–10 210251.11–12 211251.12–15 212n. 57255.7–9 212n. 57255.9–11 211271.16–18 17278.24–279.2 196, 208

CHG I, p. 143.15 215

CiceroArch. 26 126, 135, 145, 146Att. 2.15.3 145, 148

6.4.2 159n. 1209.13.4 145

Balb. 39 162Brut. 51 131n. 45

137 136, 145169 122, 124, 125170 133, 149171 126, 133, 145, 146, 153172 129, 130, 134, 145242 136




Indexlocorum 811

258 118, 126259 125n. 30, 139, 143, 145

Cael. 54 144Cat. 4.21 162De orat. 1.33 144

2.25 1422.91 1392.96 1442.182 125n. 302.267 823.42 127, 129, 131n. 45, 136–7,143, 1453.43 124, 125, 127, 131, 134, 1453.44 119, 125, 126, 127, 136n. 57,1453.45 125n. 30, 1293.46 52, 137, 146, 1503.155 144, 208n. 423.172 1283.227 146

Div. Caec. 39 142–3Fam. 5.12.1 145

9.15.2 126, 1349.22.2 45516.21.7 145

Fin. 1.7 141–2, 150n. 90Flac. 62 131n. 46Font. 27 118Leg. 1.41 144

2.36 144Leg. Agr. 2.41 159Mil. 74 162Mur. 61 144Nat. 2.67 94Off. 2.75 159

3.77 145Orat. 77 128

81 208n. 42150 127–8, 129154 455161 140, 146172 144

Part. Or. 90 144Phil. 8.9 144Quinct. 35 162Q. fr. 1.1.27 118

2.14(13).4 182, 420Red. sen. 13 144Sen. 24 144Sest. 67 162

97 145110 131n. 47

S. Rosc. 18 14420 14448 144

51 14475 144143 144

Tusc. 1.27 179Verr. 2.127 378

Cicero, Quintus Comm. Pet. 54–5118n. 6

CIE1290 992965 99

CIG IV.8664 552

CIIC246 617329 619334 618344 618370 619387 618401 619407b 618449 617

CILI2

1 935 62–36 104n. 3198 70, 71, 104n. 3199 45, 52, 58, 70, 71, 8811 8812 8820 54, 104n. 31921 104n. 31922 9225 8827 8828 104n. 31929 8830 58, 60, 9231 58, 104n. 31933 75, 104n. 31934 4937 8839 5447 5847b 9248 8349 59, 9459 66, 9260 69, 70, 71, 10761 58, 92




812 Indexlocorum

CIL (cont.)62 5897 83n. 20599 83n. 205138 83n. 205168 83n. 205177 83n. 205207 83n. 205234 69n. 140, 70312 75321 83n. 205326 83n. 205336 83n. 205339 83n. 205342 83n. 205350 82358 50, 83n. 205359 59360 61, 64361 58, 76362 61364 45, 55, 59, 61, 71365 49, 83, 100–1366 54, 55, 56, 85370 58373 58376 85377 92378 48n. 51, 58379 58, 92380 92381 58384 58385 57386 54, 55388 57, 84390 57391 56, 57392 57, 84393 54, 55394 74396 61398 70399 59401 90416 57, 92420a 86450 42n. 33451 42n. 33460 49477 48, 92548 64549 64551 55552 83n. 205

553 89555 66558 83n. 205559 64, 82561 68–9, 70563 90564 89566 45573 50579 90580 48n. 42581 41, 45, 88582 41583 70584 161585 41, 45, 57586 41, 45, 65591 90593 90594 55, 61607 60609 61627 57633 81635 63638 81663 87664 87675 44, 45676 45677 45683 55687 60688 55693 61718 61721 57723 50725 54730 41756 55, 57n. 77, 73777 57802 54, 58805 49808 75809 57n. 77838 90839 90973 42974 42975 58981 58, 60982 60985 60987 61




Indexlocorum 813

990 55991 61, 94992 90995 491002 571048 581126 751349 581413 811423 551427 591428 601429 591430 591440 591446 83n. 2051447 83n. 2051458 591463 83n. 2051465 83n. 2051469 83n. 2051482 601491 451503 601506 42n. 331529 701531 60, 701573 611579 601581 47, 591582 47, 591617 601618 90, 931619 551626 42n. 331635 931697 601698 601702 4481720 611722 441732 4481763 841769 6721774 42n. 331775 42n. 331780 6721800 6721801 941805 601806 44n. 39, 571809 6721815 601816 611827 60

1828 57n. 771832 701834 69, 701838 551848 701861 59, 631888 501892 501894 44n. 391920 891928 581991 611993 591998 862097 86n. 2262101 54, 552111 862118 86n. 2262163 872189 932214 702219 592220 602222 592226 592232 612233 47, 55, 59, 892236 552239 47, 892240 892242 902243 902259 982270 812285 572286 572295 892352 662438 922440 702486 602495 42n. 332504 60, 892514 57n. 772520 444n. 56, 673n. 702540a 932540c 42n. 332542 932551 992628 592630 54, 55, 592631 872658 69, 702659 59, 922661 66




814 Indexlocorum

CIL (cont.)2675a 592675c 582683 752867 962872 852873b 902890 893292a 863379 86n. 226

II1788 2282268 2282660 4252959 4173361 2345136 6795181 421

III642 679781.9 2494746 678n. 894815 3365036 1625622 6775974 6779537 67512377 678n. 8912442 67912466 67912666 678n. 8912700 121n. 18

IV1517 4421768 4151895 4551939 751940 752082 4482200 add. p. 215 4422254 add. p. 216 682410 4552953 add. p. 462 4483152a 1383730 5895663 735735 735736 736698 776710 776882 68

8544 59110144 448

V1676 2492960 1516244 6798273 6778747 679

VI1710.10 682734 67910736 445, 447, 45013236 67920589 41520905 41126215 41127041 41627070 45628117 45631164 67931165 67931946 46132033 461

VII1338.29 415

VIII197 680202 680403 221483 5948713 5519010 551, 5529537 67511825 41112749 53520215 551, 55222763 551

IX2893 5936402 511

X1211 4151350 771366 772039a 6743498 4166071 778076 461




Indexlocorum 815

XI2979 98

XII2514 2553162 6015381 2556289 589

XIII1318 3362851 4395191 4157072 4398164a 3118297 67710017.46 286

XIV850 4111011 2492846 832934.18 4613482 461

Claudius Donatus Interpretationes VergilianaeAen. 2.135 524–5

Columella1.praef.24 2062.10.14 6052.10.18 2062.10.28 4042.20.4 437, 6053.2.25 2533.2.30 116–17, 2133.11.6 2073.13.11 2394.31.1 4365.1.5 2345.1.6 254, 600–15.4.2 206n. 375.5.15 228–95.5.16 196, 218–195.6.2 4515.7.1 169 with n. 1456.5.3 2146.24.5 2147.5.14 215n. 638.16.9 233–48.16.10 4058.17.1 4058.17.10 40510.374 435n. 14

10.404 40411.2.71 31411.3.13 40412.24.1 40512.39.2 402

Commentarii in Galeni ad Glauconemp. 239 Palmieri 501

245.6 501248.8 500251.5 500252.3 500254.30 502258.39 502262.48 502269.8 501270.11–12 502271.23 498276.8 499277.5 500278.32 500280.13 494286.8 499287.41 501290.6 501292.6 501–2293.7 499

Commodian Carmen de duobus populis 388 387

Compositiones LucensesD 8 470D 29 470E 18 470L 14 466L 26 466O 22 470Q 26 467R 1 465R 12 465R 16 465S 14 467Y 9 472� 35 471

ConsentiusGL V.391.25–33 205

V.392.3 263V.392.11 264V.392.14–17 205V.392.22–4 135n. 54V.394.11–22 244–5V.394.22–4 265

Consentius (cont.)




816 Indexlocorum

V.394.24 266V.394.29–36 266V.395.2–7 203

Niedermann p. 10.17–11.1 20511.24–6 20512.2–3 265n. 24412.13–14 265n. 24415.3 245–616.14–15 246, 266n. 24817.1–6 20320.4–5 265n. 24421.8–9 265n. 244

Cyprian Epist. 42 526

Dante De uulgari eloquentia1.10.5–6 7231.10.7 723–41.11–15 697

Diocletian Prices Edict1.3 5531.7 223 with n. 931.8 223 with n. 936.69 40419.56 60119.58 60128.7 613

Diodorus Siculus5.36.3 372

Diomedes GL I.490.20 154

Dioscorides Lat.1, p. 71.20 5331, p. 72.1–2 5382, p. 210.19 5332, p. 218.8–9 5462, p. 220.23 3873, p. 197.30 2924, p. 60.21 5445, p. 167.6–7 536n. 705, p. 204.1 533n. 605, p. 204.7 533n. 605, p. 205.8 533n. 605, p. 240.5 5385, p. 240.9 5385, p. 241.6 538

DioscoridesMat. med.1.32.1 5332.92 5332.118 5304.134 5444.153 RV 527

5.76 533n. 605.149 5385.150 5385.153 538

ps.-Dioscorides Herb. fem.1 Kästner 53146 53253 53260 537n. 77

DonatusTer. Phorm 330 415Vita Vergili 43 378

Dynamidia 2.101 532

Edictus Rothari5 512163 512164 512301 477, 512310 512317 482, 512

EnniusAnn. 22 Skutsch 179

99 94287 389558 382

Trag. 147 Jocelyn 384247 379309 379

Var. 28 175

Eucheria Anth. Lat. 390 335–6

Eucherius Instr. 2, p. 155.25 251

Eugippius Vita Seuerini 10.2 512

Fabr. York 27 615

Fabula Atellana inc. 6 180

Festus see (Paul.) Festus

FIRA I.104 421

Firmicus MaternusMath. 1.2.3 118

Fortunatianus, Consultus 3.4 220–2

Frontop. 24.10–13 van den Hout 192n. 11

92.14–16 387




Indexlocorum 817

FulgentiusMyth. 1.11, p. 22.19 567–8

Gargilius Martialis De hortis 2.5 292,439

ps.-Gargilius Martialis app. 62, p. 209306n. 149

Gellius1.9.6 3931.11.3 3931.22.10 3922.21.8 1582.22.19 2242.22.20 2252.22.28 2272.22.25 224–54.16.1–2 4344.17.8 13910.26 14917.21.23 39319.9.2 23319.9.7 233

Giacomelli (1963)1 10313 I 10325 90, 10452 10359 100n. 28566 III 10267 69n. 13973 I 9097 69n. 13998 78n. 184121 II 102131 103144 III 69n. 139, 103

Graffites de La Graufesenque6 28730 28733.1 28847 28766 28789.3 228

Grammatici Latini (see also Consentius, MariusVictorinus, Pompeius, Sacerdos)IV.263.9 71n. 155

Grattius Cyn. 203 322

Gregory the Great Dial. 4.36 483

Gregory of ToursHist. Franc. 3.21 340

4.13 5137.35 5138.31 354

Mart. 2.18 290

Gromaticip. 272.22, 24 Campbell 355n. 383

Hassall and Tomlin(1982) 409, 9 613(1987) 361, 1 652, 653(1989) 328, 2 599n. 65(1992) 311, 5 589n. 38, 599(1993) 312, 2 302 with n. 122, 602, 654(1994) 294, 1 598, 599n. 65

303, 34 601(1996) 440, 1 585–6, 613, 653

ps.-Hippocrates De conceptu105 500445 501533 501613 501

ps.-Hippocrates De obseruantia ciborum290 498291 498307 499417 495469 495594 495764 495

Honorius, Iulius Cosmogr. B 20, p. 36 426

HoraceEpist. 1.14.19 181Sat. 1.3.13 243n. 169

1.5.78 225

ILCV472 679787.1 535788.1 534811 6791308 4192820A 352

ILLRP10 9454 4793a 9693b 69, 70101 69n. 137




818 Indexlocorum

ILLRP (cont.)102 83n. 205104a 83n. 205105b 83n. 205107a 83n. 205, 92238 100n. 285303 84321a 92492 70/n. 145523 44750a 61832 99835 99837 99838 991197 691204 83n. 2051271a 64n. 113

ILS2626 2882911 2883805 2884561 2884608 5944655 2884673 2884759 2886891 4219206 5949383 561

Irenaeus Lat. Aduersus haereses1.14.6 5675.23.2 567

IRT877 551880 551889 551

Isidore Etym.1.32.8 267–85.27.9 42811.1.107 493n. 27412.2.38 42712.7.67 24012.8.10 24013.11.12 22915.9.5 23715.15.5 23417.1.3 42617.3.12 55417.10.11 23919.8.2 353

19.22.29 42719.31.3 61320.9.14 204n. 3120.13.5 42720.15.3 238

Itinerarium Antonini PlacentiniA 7 513A 18 613A 34 485A 44 513rec. alt. 34 486

JeromeComm. in Dan. 1292 269Comm. in Ezech. 47D 222–3Comm. in Gal 116 with n. 2. 357AEpist. adv. Rufinum 27 268–9Vir. Ill. 135 222n. 87

Juvenal3.262 227n. 1097.11 243n. 16912.46 602

Leges Alamannorum3.1 3233.3 32317.2 32621 32634.1 32336.2 32648 32655 32357.6 32465.1 32465.2 324, 32565.3 325 with n. 26566 32567.1 32467.2 32669 60076.1 32676.2 32677.4 32679 32682 32384 323

Lex Burgundionum4.5, p. 44.19 32113, p. 52.4 32041.1, p. 72.12 32097, p. 112.20 322104, p. 115.12 321




Indexlocorum 819

Lex Ribuaria11.3 32712.2 32736 32740.11 32747.1 32788.2 317

Liber pontificalis37, p. 207 Duchesne 45250, p. 252 452

Liber tertius4.3 53520.1 53523.3 53523.4 53525.1 53529.1 53531.1 53632.1 53733.5 53544.5 53446.1 54346.2 535, 54347.1 53551.2 54353.2 54354.2 53568.3 535 with n. 6870.16 534

Livius Andronicus Od. 11 (12) 129

Livy10.4.8–10 124n. 2722.1.11 9422.43.10 22822.46.9 22822.51.7 38925.12.12 15933.28.3 15634.9.12 37243.3.1–4 371

Lucan3.83 3465.189 3465.365 3469.551 346

Lucilius75 Marx 389210–11 82, 386336 386

356–7 15364–7 15528 374–5594 141–2959 76965 3781066 3831100 151121 3861130 79, 821215–18 151237 383

Luxorius21.7 543n. 9141.6 543n. 9179.6 543n. 91

Macrobius Sat.praef. 11–12 199

1.2.17 1781.3.13–14 178

Manilius (?) 179

MarcellusMed.prol. 2 290n. 468.23 4398.112 219n. 7415.34 29115.102 29216.30 219n. 7420.82 219n. 7420.93 29020.117 29023.41 219n. 7425.35 219n. 7428.73 29231.6 219n. 7431.29 21634.71 292

Marius Victorinus GL VI.11.14–12.2 65

Martial3.58.5 403n. 16410.92.3 403n. 16412.21 189–9012.31 190n. 212.57.9 237, 40214.99 60214.100 28514.200.1 322

Mela, Pomponius 2.64 221 with n. 83




820 Indexlocorum

Mulomedicina Chironis47 729307 468, 483490 483573 537636 538n. 79698 538n. 79791 537n. 77944 532960 569984 537

Mustio (Soranus Lat.)p. 12.21 Rose 538

17.1 53817.15 53837.23 53838.7 53838.24 53839.2 53840.3 53842.21 53843.1 53543.6 535, 53951.9 52952.12 52969.5 53069.20 52969.21 530101.17 530

NaeviusBellum Punicum 23.1 47

54 167Trag. 62 158

Nigidius Figulus ap. Gellius 13.6.3 174

Nonius Marcellusp. 15 Lindsay 414

89 209–10140 374208 195–6, 224213 540729–30 383776–93 433–4862 548864 548–9869 548877–8 167, 549882 569884 547885 546–7

Notitia dignitatum Oc. 33.62 552

O. Bu Njem7 59017 62776 56377 56286 56395 564109 565

Optatus 1.26 520

Oribasius Lat.Eup. 2.1, A XVII La 480–1

2.1, D IIII Aa add. 4694.1 4844.47 Aa 4814.48 La 4814.63 Aa 481n. 2044.70 La 4774.73 Aa 482

Syn. 1.17 Aa 4893.17 4913.85 Aa, La 4773.137 La 4753.211 La 4864.1 Aa 4984.2 Aa 4984.3 Aa 4784.5 Aa 4984.11 La 4824.17 Aa, La 4824.35 Aa 4857.20 Aa 4877.20 La 4777.31 Aa, La 4839 add. La 484, 4858.18 La 4959.10 La 4849.12–14 La 4799.24 Aa 4789.61 add. Aa 476

OvidFast. 3.93 214Met. 3.517–18 338–9

O. Wâdi Fawâkhir2–4 4412.4 455

Pactus legis Salicae1.1 318




Indexlocorum 821

1.4 3212.3 3162.15 3256.1 3227.7 48210.1 31614.4 31916.3 31416.4 31827.1 32127.12 31427.29 318–1931.1 60031.2 60034.5 31638.5, 7, 11 31545.2 31847.1 31655.4 31758.2 313, 427n. 280

Pacuvius64 180215 180

Palladius1.34.4 2371.39.2 468–9

Panegyrici Latini1.3 1222.1.3 19212.1.2 191

Papinius (?) 179

(Paul.) Festusp. 31.25 Lindsay 142

34.26 38234.28 38238.23 82n. 19962.18 37489.24 18292.23 156, 157n. 11093.18 545106.21 166112.24 178116.2 93117.23 93121.4 154n. 100135.27 166151.6 178156.33 174n. 155157.12–14 120, 174

165.4–5 107196.27–8 181244.6 216249.3 213260.1–3 176–7298.5–6 213306.2–6 163322.20 435325.1 65342.35–344.1 175410.6–17 177410.28 176410.29 175488.7–10 120, 175489.5–6 175492.26–7 121503.14 165514.28 180

Pelagonius 205.3 215 with n. 63

Peregrinatio Aetheriae2.4 3496.3 34910.8 35210.9 35218.2 34219.5 34219.9 34920.2 34820.12 34235.5 467–8

Petronius31.9 65434.2 43937.6 438–944.5 43944.6 43844.18 58958.7 43958.13 44059.1 58662.11 438, 58662.12 58670.6 43974.4 441, 46775.10 38679.3 439

Phaedrus 3.12.1 351n. 369

Philagrius Lat.p. 70 Puschmann 483

86 499




822 Indexlocorum

Philagrius Lat. (cont.)92 494104 498106 499108 498

Philumenus p. 44 Puschmann 485

Physica Plinii Bambergensis3.2 5069.3 5069.12 50617.1 49317.22 49320.5 50632.9 50653.1 50667.9 50672.1 48082.11 47086.6 506

Placitus, SextusMed. 32.1, p. 286291

PlautusAmph. 188–96 38

203–47 38250–61 38383–4 414n. 214407 3901062 38n. 13

Aul. 300 138n. 69, 442Bacch. 154 392Capt. 535 384

791–823 38Cas. 29 392

527 392n. 114596 392815–23 38

Cist. 526 209Epid. 237 384Men. 89 386

324 384Merc. 983a 392Mil. 24 171

148 78159–65 38219–27 38411–14 38422–4 3841407 4141414 94

Most. 532ff. 38n. 11603 38n. 11

Persa 753–7 38Pseud. 357ff. 38n. 11

469 392Trin. 11 392

545 414609 121

Truc. 262–4 52–3276–9 121683 121688 120691 71830 384

Pliny the Elder Nat.2.115 221n. 832.121 2253.111 221 with n. 833.123 2565.37 5276.189 2259.68 234n. 128, 3089.142 33810.11 217–1810.116 25214.12 16814.32 25315.13 21715.41 40416.46 25617.21 22517.25 20617.42 25617.44 25617.49 22517.76 45117.77 20717.171 216–1717.201 16817.232 22518.62 33718.141 217, 50218.250 21821.3 17722.2 46522.164 33723.166 435n. 1425.68 21925.84 21925.86 21425.98 20826.42 21627.41 21630.33 29130.63 21832.148 234n. 128




Indexlocorum 823

33.66–78 235–733.70 54533.77 402, 54535.169 237ap. Priscian GL II.29.8–12 266

Pliny the Younger Epist. 9.23.2 196

P. Mich.VIII.468.26 455VIII.468.38 441VIII.468.40–1 438, 441VIII.468.65 455VIII.470.26 455VIII.471.17 302VIII.471.27 160VIII.471.28 438VIII.471.33 441

Poccetti (1979)16 7621 159177 93184 73218 57219 96222 55225 96226 69

Polemius Silvius Laterculusp. 543.4 297

543.10 440543.11 297543.15–16 218543.18 252543.22 297543.29 297543.35 598544.1 598544.10 331, 332544.12 305544.14 331544.15 305544.16 305544.17 296, 305544.18 298, 304, 305544.19 306

PompeiusGL V.148.32 543n. 91

V.205.5–6 530V.235.16–38 728V.252.21–2 16, 250V.285.5–7 263

V.286.6–33 204V.286.34–287.6 265, 267

Pomponius 141 443

PorphyrioHor. Ars 52 164Carm. 1.23.6–7 223–4

P. Oxy. 44.3208 138n. 69, 442, 447,674

P. Rainer Cent. 164 446–7

Priscian GL II.29.8–12 (Pliny)266

Quintilian1.1.4–5 1261.1.13 126–71.4.8 1081.4.11 203n. 251.4.17 1371.5.8 1771.5.12 1351.5.32 1391.5.33 1171.5.38 161.5.50 151.5.55 123, 194–51.5.56 122, 147, 1631.5.57 123, 241n. 1621.6.1 246n. 1791.6.3–38 246n. 1791.6.19 171.7.21 1081.7.23 1411.7.24 149, 150n. 901.11.6 139n. 705.10.24 2468.1.2 131–2, 147–88.1.3 147–8, 1958.2.13 117, 2258.3.53 1539.3.13 1499.4.36 128n. 379.4.37 1289.4.38 14111.3.30–1 11712.10.29 203n. 25

Ravenna papyri1.5–77 460–18.II.5–14 458–6021.5 46125.4, 5 461




824 Indexlocorum

Reichenau glosses116a 333319a 3531102 6111273 3531329 3271380a 2542214 324

Renzetti Marra (1990)P Iabcd 101–2T VIb 101

Rhetorica ad Herennium4.14 182, 4204.16 3794.17 17n. 304.18 1284.63 3794.64 378–9

RIB1 6517 582n. 19154 614187 595306 302, 602899 594924 5931320 5911486 5911545 5942044 5932503.317 610

Rix (2002)Cm 12 89Cm 13 89Lu 36 93MV 5 74, 96Pg 5 56Pg 6 76Pg 7 76Pg 10 154n. 99Po 20 72n. 159Sa 1 72n. 159Sa 24 76Sa 35 159VM 3 85VM 4 55VM 5 85, 97VM 8 85VM 9 72

Romanus, C. Iuliusap. Charisius p. 251.5–10 210–11

251.11–12 211255.9–11 211278.24–279.2 208–9

Rufus Lat. De podagra12 49914 47020 494, 50021 49522 494, 499–50025 499, 50026 50127 49928 49929 49930 49235 485, 49036 479–80

SacerdosGL VI.451.4–5 264n. 244

VI.493.20–6 264n. 244

Sallust Cat. 31.7 132

ps.-Sallust In Cic. 1 132–3

Scholia Bernensia Virg. Ecl. 8.55 251

Scholia to Juvenal 8.234 257

Scribonius Largus 227 219n. 74

Seneca the ElderContr. 1.praef.16 232

2.4.8 122, 232–3Suas. 1.2 404

1.4 404

Seneca the YoungerAgam. 730 77Dial. 3.18.3 403Epist. 14.8 405

90.7 405Nat. 3.27.1 405

3.28.3 4053.30.7 4054a.2.22 4055.16.4 229n. 1175.17.5 2255.18.8 4056.7.6 405




Indexlocorum 825

ServiusAen. 7.684 182

7.705 250–1Georg. 1.1 503

1.104 250GL IV.445.12–13 268

SHAHadr. 1.2 231n. 122

1.3 231n. 1222.1 231n. 1223.1 231–219.1 231n. 122

Sept. Sev. 15.7 26019.9 260

Sidonius Apollinaris Epist.2.2.12 3044.17.1–2 198–96.4.1 317

Silius Italicus 14.475 156

Soranus Gyn.3.13.2 5293.41.7 529, 530

ps.-Soranus Dol. Matric. p. 139.30 Rose547

StatiusSilv. 4.5.45–6 122, 195Theb. 4.464 586

Strabo 3.2.1 371

SuetoniusCaes. 56.4 149Aug. 86.1 16

87.2 1688 16

Vit.18 254Gramm. 1.2 15

2.2 1223.1 120n. 1310.1 149

ap. Schol. Bern. Virg. Georg. 4.14291

Sulpicius Severus Dial.1.27.2 2412.1.3–4 242

Symmachus Epist. 1.2.21 153

Tablettes AlbertiniI.6 561I.11 561III.2 564III.9 559III.17–18 559III.18–19 560III.22 560IV.2–3 564IV.5–6 558IV.6–7 555IV.39 558V.8 561V.9 556V.11 561VI.3 564VI.12b 646VII.1 564VII.6 556VII.8–9 559VII.10 560VIII.1–2 550, 564VIII.4–6 550, 556IX.7–8 561X.2 564XII.4 564XII.7 557, 559XIV.3–4 560XIV.5 555XIV.6 560XV.7 560XV.8–9 557, 558XV.11–12 559XV.18 559XVI.6–10 554–5XIX.6 558, 559XX.2 564XXI.5 559XXIV.5–6 555XXIV.6–7 559XXIV.8–9 559XXIV.11 560XXVI.10 646

Tab. Sulis4 6145 61330 585, 61031.5 58944.11 61046.6 58646.7 65355 61360.2 285




826 Indexlocorum

61 54862.5 54462.9 54465.10 65366.2 285

Tabulae Iguvinae VI B 60 38n. 13

Tabula PeutingerianaII.2 552II.5 552IV.1 55

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