INDIAN CONTRIBUTION

TOWARDS PARALLEL

PROCESSING

INTRODUCTION

• The main fields that need advanced computing are:• Computational Fluid Dynamics

• Design of large structures

• Computational physics and Chemistry

• Climate Modeling

• Vehicle Simulation

• Image processing

• Signal Processing

• Oil reservoir Management

• Seismic data processing

Major Indian parallel computing

projects

◦ PARAM(from CDAC, Pune)

◦ ANUPAM(from BARC, Bombay)

◦ MTPPS(from BARC, Bombay)

◦ PACE(from ANURAG, Hyderabad)

◦ CHIPPS(from CDOT, Bangalore)

◦ FLOSOLVER(from NAL, Bangalore)

PARAM

Centre for Development of Advanced

Computing

India’s first super computer – PARAM

8000

1 GF (Giga Flops) Parallel Machine

64 node prototype i.e. had 64 CPU’s

PARAM is Sanskrit and means

“Supreme”

Programming environment called

PARAS

Based on Transputers 800/805

Theoretically peak performance was 1

giga flops

Practically provided 100 to 200 Mflops

Hardware upgrade was given to

PRAM 8000 to produce the new

PARAM 8600

Hardware up gradation was the

integration of i860 with PARAM 8000

PARAM 9000

Mission was to deliver teraflops range

parallel system

This architecture emphasizes flexibility

PARAM 9000SS is based on

SuperSarc Processors

Operating speed of processor is 75

Mhz

PARAM 10000 has a peak speed of

6.4 GFlops

PARAM Padma

Introduced in April 2003

Top speed of 1024 Gflops ( 1 Tflops)

Used IBM Power4 CPU’s

Operating system was IBM AIX 5

First Indian computer to break 1 Tflops

barrier

PARAM Yuva

Unveiled in November 2008

The maximum sustainable speed is 38.1 Tflops

The peak speed is 54 Tflops

Uses Intel 73XX with 2.9 Ghz each.

Storage capacity of 25 TB upto 200 TB

PARAM Yuva II released in February 2013

Peak performance of 524 Tflops

Uses less power compared to its predecessor

PARAM Yuva

ANUPAM

Developed by Bhabha Atomic

Research Centre, Bombay

200 Mflops of sustained computing

power was needed by them.

Based on standard MultiBus II i860

hardware

ANUPAM Pentium Super Computer Placed

at BARC

ANUPAM 860

First developed in December 1991

It made use of i860 microprocessor @ 40Mhz

Overall sustained speed of 30 Mflops

Upgraded version released on August 1992 has a computational speed of 52 Mflops

Further upgradation provided a sustained speed of 110 Mflops which was released in Novemeber 1992

Later up gradations provided a

sustained computational speed of 400

Mflops which was equivalent to CRAY

Y/MP Vector Supercomputers

ANUPAM Alpha

Developed in July 1997 having a

sustained speed of 1000 Mflops

Made use of Alpha 21164

microprocessor @ 400 Mhz

This system used complete servers /

workstations as compute node instead

of processor boards.

Updated version released in March

1998 had a sustained speed of 1.5

Gflops.

ANUPAM Pentium

Started in January 1998

Main focus of its development is the

minimization of cost

The first version ANUPAM Pentium

II/4 gave a sustained speed of 248

Mflops

ANUPAM Pentium II was expanded in

march 1999 with a sustained speed of

1.3Gflops

In April 2000 the system was

upgraded to Pentium III/16 which gave

a sustained speed of 3.5 Gflops

ANUPAM PIV 64 node has a

sustained speed of 43 Gflops

Applications

All the three versions of ANUPAM was introduced to solve the computational problems at BARC.

The main fields that ANUPAM being used are◦ Molecular Dynamic Simulation

◦ Neutron Transport Calculation

◦ Gamma Ray Simulation by Monte Carlo Method

◦ Crystal Structure Analysis

PACE

Developed by ANURAG (Advanced

Numerical Research and Analysis

Group) under DRDO

Developed as a result of R & D in

parallel computing

Uses VLSI

Started in 1998

Motorolla 68020 processor @ 16.67

MHz

Processor for Aerodynamic

Computation and Evaluation (PACE)

Used to design computational Fluid

Dynamics needed in aircraft

Developed version is Pace Plus 32

used in missile development

More advanced version is PACE++

ANAMICA - Software

ANURAG’s Medical Imaging and

Characterization Aid (ANAMICA)

Medical visualization software for data

obtained from MRI , CT and

Ultrasound

Has both two dimensional and three

dimensional visualization

Used for medical diagnosis etc

DHRUVA 3

Set up by DRDO for solving mission

critical Defence Research and

Development applications

Used in design of aircraft

Eg: Advanced Medium Combact

Aircraft (AMCA)

FLOSOLVER

Started in 1986 by National Aerospace

Laboratories (NAL)

Used in numerical weather prediction

Varsha GCM could predict the

weather accurately in two weeks

advance uses FS

Based on 16 bit Intel 8086 and 8087

processors

Updated versions were released to

increase the performance

CHIPPS

Developed to have indigenous digital

switching technology

Established in rural exchanges and

secondary switching areas

Speed of 200 Mflops is acquired