India’s National River-Linking Project [NRLP]

Content• Introduction• Proposed inter basin water transfer links• History• Objectives of NRLP• Cost of RLP• Phase-wise Activities• Some Active NRLP Projects • Present situation of NRLP• Advantages• NRLP Price tag

WHY WE SHOULD DO

THIS PROJECT…?

Introduction• Core idea of river interlinking project is:

• Transfer of “surplus” water from one basin to another “deficit” basin.

• Transfer from “flooded” rivers to those with “drought and scarcity”.

• The Inter-Linking of Rivers (ILR) programme is a major endeavour to create additional storage facilities and transfer water from water-surplus regions to more drought-prone areas through inter-basin transfers

• Due to uneven distribution of water resources and rainfall throughout India , we have localised agricultural yield, floods in some region while droughts in other.

Introduction• So in order to tackle the water crisis , few steps had

been taken to store the surplus water that flows during the monsoon season as well as adopt all measures for conservation and efficient use of water. i.e. by construction of storage dams.

Proposed inter basin water transfer links

Himalayan LinksKosi- Mechi

Kosi- Ghagra

Gandak - Ganga

Ghagra - Yamuna

Sarda - Yamuna

Yamuna - Rajasthan

Rajasthan - Sabarmati

Chunar - Sone barrage

Sone dam - Southern tributaries of Ganga

Brahmaputra - Ganga (Manas- Sankosh - Tista - Ganga

Brahmaputra - Ganga (Jogigopa - Tista - Farakka)

Farakka - Sunderbans

Farakka - Damodar - Subarnrkha

Subernarekha - Mahanadi

Peninsular LinksMahanadi(Manibhadra) - Godavari(Dowlaiswaram)

Godavari(Inchampalii) - Krishna (Nagarjunasagar)

Godavari(Inchampalii Low dam) - Krishna (Nagarjuna Tail Pond)

Godavari(Polavaram) - Krishna (Vijayawada)

Krishna (Almatti) - Pennar

Krishna (Srisailam) - Pennar (Prodattur)

Krishna (Nagarjunasagar) - Pennar (Sornasila)

Pennar (Sornasila) - Cauvery (Grand Arnicut)

Cauvery (Kattaiai) - Vaigai- Gundur

Ken - Betwa - Link

Parbati- Kalisindh - Chambal

Par - Tapi Narmada

Damanganga - Pinjal

Bedti - Varda

Netravati- Hemavati

Pamba - Achankovil - Vappar

History• 1972-Ganga cauvery link proposed by Dr.

K.L.Rao .• 1974-“Garland canal” proposal by captain Dastur

.• 1980-Ministry of water resources frames the

National perspective plan(NPP) .• 1982-The National water development agency

(NWDA) set up to carry out pre – feasibility studies .

• 1999-A National commission set up to review NWDA reports .

• Aug 15, 2002- President Abdul Kalam mentions the need for river linking in his independence day speech

• Oct 2002- Supreme court recommends that the government formulate a plan to link the major Indian rivers by the year 2012.

• Dec 2002- Govt. appointed a task force on interlinking of 37 rivers led by Mr. Suresh Prabhu. The deadline was revised to 2016.

Objectives of NRLPThe main objectives of the River Linking Project are:• To control flood as well as draught situations

in various regions of the country.• To increase cultivation land and improve

irrigation facilities.• To increase availability of drinking water.• To increase power generation.• To improve the environmental conditions.• To increase employment opportunities.

Cost of RLPAs RLP is a big project it has varying cost because, it requires longer time and strong technical studies.Estimation of overall cost of the project is as :-

Phase-wise Activities…

A Sharp, Well-Rounded Prognosis of India’s Water Future - 2025/2050 & of the Water Challenge Facing

the Nation

Environmental Water Demand

India’s Macro

Hydrology

Domestic and

Industrial Water

Demand

Indian Agriculture

and Irrigation

Food Security and

Trade Liberalizatio

n

Regional Patterns in Economic Growth

Demographic Projections

Phase I…

Revisiting Water

Availability and

Demand

[1] How adequate, complete and cost-effective a response is the River-Linking Project to India’s Water

Challenge 2050?[2] How to maximize net social benefit of NRLP?

Institutions and Political

Economy

Env’tal and Ecological Valuations

Economic Analysis

Financial Feasibility

Technical Feasibility

Implementation

Effectiveness

Social Cost-Benefit

Analyses

Phase II…

[1] If the NRLP fails to take off, how else can India effectively meet its Water Challenge 2050?

[2] How best to put into operation the NWSPP?

Water Institutions and Policies

Water Demand

Management

Virtual Water

Transfers

Ganges Water

Machine

Decentralized Water

Harvesting

Alternative Energy

Sources and Scenarios

Inter-Sectoral

Competition

Water Use Efficiency

and Productivity

Phase III…

Some Active NRLP Projects

• Polavaram• Par Tapi Narmada• Ken Betwa• Parbati Kalisindh Chambal

Present situation of NRLP

• As estimated River links (16 under Peninsular Component & 14 under Himalayan Component) for preparation of Feasibility Reports (FRs). Out of these, FRs of 14 links under Peninsular Component and 2 links (Indian Portion) under Himalayan Component have been completed.

Advantages• Create the potential to increase agricultural production

by an additional 100 per cent over the next five years; • Avoid the losses of the type that occurred in 2002 to

the extent of $550 million by the loss of crops because of extreme draught or flood condition;

• Unify the country by involving every Panchayat as a share holder and implement agency;

• Provide for enhancing the security of the country by an additional waterline of defense;

• Provide employment to the 10 lakh people for the next 10 years;

• Eradicate the flooding problems which recur in the north-east and the north every year;

Advantages• Solve the water crisis situation by providing

alternative, perennial water resources; • The large canals linking the rivers are also expected to

fa cilitate inland navigation too; • Increasing food production from about 200m tones a

year to 500m; • Boost the annual average income of farmers, from the

present $40 per acre of land to over $500. • Additional irrigation of 25 m ha from surface and 10 m

ha from groundwater• 34,000 MW of hydropower

NRLP price tag1. Financial cost:-

• 560,000 Crores Rs:-• 250% of India’s tax revenue in 2002 • 1/4th of India’s annual GDP• Twice the entire irrigation budget of India since 1950

2. Rehabilitation cost:

• Estimated that 8,000 sq. km. of land affecting the thousands of villages and towns

• 33 mn of people have been displaced in India during the last 50 years most have not been rehabilitated and ILR will also displace million of people from the most needy section.

NRLP price tag

3. Environmental cost:

• 50,000 ha of forest to be submerged only by peninsular link.

• Intensive irrigation in unsuitable soils will lead to water logging and salinity.

• Highly polluted rivers will spread toxicity to other rivers.

• River system will be altered catastrophically creating droughts and desert.

Prepared by…HARSH H MEHTA…………………………………110190106001BHARGAV R RANA……………………………..…110190106011HARSHIV U PANDYA………….………………….110190106015DENISH R MAKVANA…………………………….110190106019MAYUR B PATEL……………………..……………110190106048KINJAL T PATEL………………………..…………120193106004