individual behaviour1

7/28/2019 Individual Behaviour1

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INTRODUCTION

Individual behavior is the way in which one person acts apart from another person

or group. Individual behavior can be different than anyone else and is personalize

by that person. The major factors that influence individual differences in

behavioural patterns are demographic factors, abilities and skills, perception,

attitudes and personality.

The demographic factors are socio economic background, education, nationality,

race, age, sex, etc. Organisations prefer persons that belong to good socio-

economic background, well educated, young etc as they are believed to be

performing better than the others. The young and dynamic professionals that have

good academic background and effective communication skills are always in great

demand. The study of demographic factors is significant as it helps managers to

pick the suitable candidate for a particular job.

The physical capacity of an individual to do something can be termed as ability.

Skill can be defined as the ability to act in a way that allows a person to perform

well. The individual behaviour and performance is highly influenced by ability and

skills. A person can perform well in the organisation if his abilities and skills are

matched with the job requirement. The managers plays vital role in matching the

abilities and skills of the employees with the particular job requirement.

The cognitive process meant for interpreting the environmental stimuli in a

meaningful way is referred to as perception. Every individual on the basis of his/he

reference can organize and interpret environmental stimuli. There are many factors

that influence the perception of an individual. The study of perception plays

important role for the managers. It is important for mangers to create the favorable

work environment so that employees perceive them in most favorable way. The

employees are likely to perform better if they are going to perceive it in a positive

way.


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According to psychologists, attitude can be defined as a tendency to respond

favourably or unfavourably to certain objects, persons or situations. The factors

such as family, society, culture, peers and organisational factors influence the

formation of attitude. The managers in an organisation need to study the variables

related to job as to create the work environment in a favorable way that employees

are tempted to form a positive attitude towards their respective jobs. The

employees can perform better in the organisation if they form a positive attitude.

Personality can be defined as the study of the characteristics and distinctive traits

of an individual, the inter-relations between them and the way in which a person

responds and adjusts to other people and situations. The several factors that

influence the personality of an individual are heredity, family, society, culture and

situation. It implies to the fact that individuals differ in their manner while

responding to the organizational environment. Personality can be regarded as the

most complex aspect of human beings that influences their behaviour in big way. It

can be concluded that the study of personality traits offers an opportunity to

understand the individuals. It helps them properly in directing their effort and

motivating them for the accomplishment of the organisational goal. It refers to the

fact that different environmental factors may generate different responses. The

study of these responses is very important for the organisation. Every organisation

demands a particular type of behaviour from their employees and such behaviours

can be discovered through observation, learning, exposure, training, etc.

Interpersonal cooperative behavior---all organizations strive to promote mutually

gratifying and co-operative behavior. Conditions necessary for co-operative

interpersonal behavior and any organizational setting are mutual respect and trust.

Concern for each others need and interaction with complementary ego states which

are necessary at all levels of designation in an organization.


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Interpersonal conflicting behavior----- out of interpersonal interaction it is not

necessary that only co-operative behavior will result because of several reasons

like personality differences, different value systems, interest conflict, role

ambiguity etc, and interpersonal conflict may arise in the organization. This type of

behavior may not be functional in the organization.


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OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

To gain a close understanding of the impact of individual behavior on

organizational performance.

To develop excellent communication skills through interaction with top

level managers.

To study the factors affecting individual behavior of the employees depends

upon their perception.

To study the factors affecting individual behavior differs from time to time,

place to place and situation to situation and person to person.


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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. It

may be understood as a science how research is done scientifically. Research

methodology refers to the tools and the methods used for obtaining information for

the purpose of the research study. Research not only need to know how to develop

certain indices or tests, how to calculate the mean, the mode, median, how to

apply particular research techniques but also need to know which of these methods

or techniques are relevant and which are not and what would they mean and

indicate and why. All this means that it is necessary for the researcher to design

his methodology for his problem as the same way differ from problem to problem.

RESEARCH DESIGN

Research design is the framework which determines the course of action towards

the collection and analysis of required data. As the research type is descriptive, so

we will be using Descriptive Research Design to do our Research work. The

methodology of study will be through interviews, observation and library research.

TYPE OF RESEARCH

Descriptive research:-it includes surveys and facts ,findings enquires of different

kinds. The major purpose of did is description of the state of affair as it exists at

person .

Exploratory research:- the main purpose of erd is that of formulating a problem

for more precise investigation. Study involves filling of questionnaires, structured

interviews, and personal observations i.e. it involves surveys and facts, finding

enquires of different kinds.


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DATA COLLECTION

The task of data collection begins after a research problem has been defined and

research design /plan chalked out there are several types of sources of data

collection:

SOURCES OF DATA COLLECTION

Primary source: - the data which is collected first time.

Secondary source: - doing updation of the data which is already collected.

QUESTIONNAIRE:- The Main Purpose of the Survey (Questionnaire) is to

collect data about Interpersonal Behaviour and The Significance of The

established factors ,Price ,Trust , Convenience.

SAMPLING PROCEDURE: There is a NON PROBABILITY SAMPLING .It

is that Sampling Procedure Which does not afford any basis for estimating the

Probability that each Item in the Population has of being included in the Sample.

Further in Non Probability Sampling used is convenience sampling & random

sampling

SAMPLING PLAN

Employees of personnel department.

SAMPLE SIZE

25 employees

METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION


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QUESTIONNAIRE:-The Main Purpose of the Survey (Questionnaire) is to

collect data about Interpersonal Behaviour and The Significance of The established

factors, Price, Trust, and Convenience.


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THEORETICAL REVIEW

What are interpersonal skills?

A set of behaviors which allow you to communicate effectively and

unambiguously in a face-to- face setting.

They can also be thought of as behaviors which assist progress towards

achieving an objective

Developing interpersonal skills is therefore designed to help you to get all

ingredients to work together effectively. Face-to-face situations provide the context

(formal or informal), objectives spell out the desirable ends, and behaviors are the

means to achieve them. In situations which are not face-to-face, such as a phone

call or letter, what you say or write represents your behaviour.

FUNDAMENTALS

There are just six interpersonal skills which form a process that is applicable to all

situations:

Analyzing the situation

Establishing a realistic objective

Selecting appropriate ways of behaving

Controlling your behaviour

Shaping other people's behaviour

Monitoring our own and others' behaviour


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These individual skills need to be applied appropriately. For example, if you:

Are discussing how to solve a problem with a person who has more

experience than you, then listening is important

Know much more about what needs to be done to solve a problem than

another person, then communicating clearly and testing the other person's

understanding are higher priorities.

APPLICABILITY OF INTERPERSONAL SKILLS

The interpersonal skills process described above is applicable to all people-

situations anywhere, in the following ways:

Analyzing the situation helps us to set realistic objectives

Establishing objectives, in turn, provides the context in which to make

choices about how best to behave

By being conscious of our own behaviour in working towards the

achievement of objectives we are more likely to influence other peoplesbehaviour

Constant monitoring will provide the feedback we need to make situation-

dependent adjustments.


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BENEFITS OF IMPROVING INTERPERSONAL SKILLS

However, some of the advantages of improved interpersonal skills are that

you will be better at:

Quickly assessing and understanding face-to-face situations

Setting specific and realistic objectives for face-to-face encounters with

people - you will benefit from being clear in what you are aiming at

Choosing and using behaviors that complement the circumstances and are

appropriate to the objective - thus benefiting by having an easier, and

pleasant, means to achieving your objective

Being aware of other peoples behaviour and influencing it - influencing others by

your own behaviour.

HUMAN RESOURCE FUNCTIONS ARE:

HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING

JOB ANALYSIS

RECRUITMENT

SELECTION

PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL

INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIOUR

EMPLOYMENT TRANSITIONS

LABOUR RELATIONS


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Human behavior is the most difficult to define in absolute terms .it is a complex

phenomenon .it is primarily a combination of responses to external and internal

stimuli these responses reflect psychology structure of a person.

Psychologist khan art Levin believes that people are influenced by a number of

diversified factors and the influence of these factors determines the patterns of

behaviour in-fact organization composed of individuals. no organization can exist

without individuals hence, organizational performance is largely affected by

individuals behave at work .mangers hand to understand individual /human

behavior at work so as to extract the best and maximum contribution from them

learning motivation ,and the leadership are the theories that have been developed to

explain the behavior of individuals also socio psychological theories have tried to

explain how attitudes ,beliefs, preconception ,values inculcated and influence

individual behavior


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MEANING OF INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR

Individual behavior means some concrete action by a person. In fact the Individual

behavior is not a self induced concept but it is affected by a large system like

family, group, and society within which one function .besides individuals will

behave differently depending upon three motivation, values, attitudes and

perception they have

Individual behavior explains why Individual behaves and reacts in response to

different situation. Therefore to understand the human behavior in organization in

a better way, a careful study of all the factors which affects human behavior ismust the efforts and the contribution of an individual depends upon his behavior

.the factors which affects the human behavior are person, environment and

organization itself. In other words, we can say that individual behavior is a

function of person, environment and hide organization


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CAUSES OF INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIOR

Causes of human behavior:

In order to understand the causation of human behavior it is essential behavior it is

essential to know first what the term behavior actually means. Different behavioral

scientists have defined behavior differently. Some observations are as follows;

Behavior simply means as a response to certain stimuli which is observable

directly and indirectly

Behavior is observed directly by studying the responses of people to their work

environment indirect observation refers to horo people describe decision making

processes and attitude verbally.

This is seen that human behavior is caused by certain reasons behavior is the result

of interaction between individual characteristics and the characteristics of the

environment in which behavior occurs.

Personal characteristics remain inside the person whereas environmental once

outside the person. These personal and environmental characteristics secure as

foundation of individual behavior.


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The causes of human behavior can be classified into categories

INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS: Some of the characteristics inherited from

birth, may or Amy not be changed by external environment

1. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: - relate to height, slim body, and vision

and stamina .manual dexterity results in quality, performance in such jobs that

require artistic skills.

2. AGE:- the age may influence the behavior of an individual in a physiological as

well as psychological ways

3. INTELLIGENCE:-Some people are born Intelligent However intelligent can

be enhanced with efforts, hard work proper environment and motivation.

4. RELIGION:-It play important role in determining the behavior. High religious

people have high moral standards. They strive for achievement and self

fulfillment.

LEARNED CHARACTERISTICS: these characteristics involver and

individuals, attitudes, values and perceptions about the environment in which

he/she function. They are a result of parental values and expectation.

PERCEPTION: - Is a process by which individuals organize and interpret there

sensory impression in order to give meaning to their environment. It refers to the

manner in which a person experiences the world.

PERSONALITY: - It is a set of traits and characteristics, habit patterns and

conditioned responses to certain stimuli that formulate the impression upon others.

It indicates the type of activities, jobs and assignment suitable to a particular

person which will enable him to perform that task affectively.


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ATTITUDES: - it may be defined as the way a person fells about something- a

person, a place, a commodity, a situation or an idea. It addresses an individuals

positive or negative feeling about some object.

VALUES: - values are important in relation to study of organizational behavior.

Because an organization is a composite of attitude, perceptions, personalities and

individual behavior of managers as well as workers. Values determine what is

right and what is wrong. The values behavior pattern.

FACTORS AFFECTING INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR

ENVIROMENTAL FACTORS

It includes such variables as

ECONOMIC FACTORS- the economic environment is an important

determinant of individual behavior .all work is performed with in economic

framework .the concept of economic environment is a synthesis of several factors

like employment level, wage rate, economic outlook and technological change

rate.People work for money but not only for money. However wages satisfied

various needs of individuals.

POLITICAL FACTORS- the stability of government can affect the employment

opportunities both in quantity and quality. Management structures and

philosophies in controlled societies have a significant impact on decision,

strategies and methods of implementation available to managers. The relative

freedom available can affect carrier choice, job design, motivation methods and

finally individual behavior.


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SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS: people grow up in a particular society that

shape their basic values, beliefs and behavior. Cultural vary from country to

country and these variation produce different behavior across the country

LEGAL ENVIRONMENT: rules and laws are formalized ad written standards

of behavior both rules and laws is strictly enforced by the legal system .laws relate

to all members of society observing laws voluntarily allow predictability of

individual behavior.

ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS: the characteristics of an organization are

also affects human behavior.

PHYSICAL FACILITIES: The physical facilities such as ventilation ,proper

lighting , painting on wall, proper space for employee and like that put impact on

employee behavior and performance..Hence physical environment at work place

may be said to be the arrangement of people and thinks in such a manner. So that

they may have a positive impact on interpersonal behavior.

ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURES AND DESIGNS- It refers to the way in

different departments in organizations are set up and the way in which the

emoting relationship and lines of communication are established among different

departments in the organizations.

QUALITY OF LEADERSHIP-The organizational establish a system of

leadership and supervision to pride direction assistance, advice, training, to

individual members. The behavior of a leader is therefore a potential source of


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influence on an individual. In other words the behavior of individual by a large

extent influenced by their leaders.

REWARD SYSTEM:-Organization establishes reward system to compensate the

employees. The behavior of an employee influenced by reward system of an

organization.

INDIVIDUALS DIFFERENCES AT WORKPLACE


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INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCE: it is seen that an individual differs from each

other owing to their varying Characteristics that foam an individuals

individuality. All is different .this is a fact supported by science. Each one is

different from others just as each of their finger prints to different as far as we

commonly known.

Co is able to explain usual observations leads all of us to the conclusion that two

people in the same job cannot behave in exactly the same way. People perform

their jobs in different ways

1)Promptness in completing tasks

2)Conscientiousness in doing exactly quality work.

3) If manager wants to employee he has to recognize the overwhelming

influences that individuals differences play.

INDIVIDUALS DIFFERENCES AT WORKPLACE

1) REWARDS-Depending upon different psychological make-ups, people differ

in attaching importance to awards.

2)TYPE OF COMPENSATION PLAN- People also differs in the type of

compensation plan they want. Some may refer to have compensation under the

time wage system, while others may like to prefer piece wage system.

3)STYLE OF LEADERSHIP- People may differ in the style of leadership they

want to work under. While some may like to work under autocratic leadership

style, others may be in a democratic style of leadership.

4)STAMINA-People also differ in their stamina to bear with job stress. While

some may prefer to flight stresses.


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5)PERSONNEL CHARACTERISTICS- People differ in their personnel

characteristics like age, sex, race, education, abilities etc.

INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AND ORGANIZATION

BEHAVIOR

In organizational behavior, too much emphasis is placed on studying individual

differences .it is not that values, attitudes, personalities and similar personal

characteristics are irrelevant to under standing organizational behavior rather

organizations come.

With a host of formal and informal control mechanism that in effect largely

shapes .direct and constraint members behavior that is structure tends to over-ride

interpersonal differences.

Almost organizations have policies, procedures rules and other formal

documentation that limit and shape the behavior. This formal documentation sets

standards of acceptable and unacceptable behavior.

Almost all organizations differentiate roles horizontally, creating unique jobs and

departments. The structure of these jobs allows others to predict behavior in those

roles. Organizations also differentiate roles vertically by creating levels of

management

So, they create boss employee relationship that constrains employee behavior.

When you join an organization, you are expected to adapt its norms of acceptable

behavior. The norms are unwritten rules but, they are powerful and controlling.


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An organization may not have a formal dress code but employees are expected to

dress appropriately-which mean adapting to the implied dress norms.

Models of a man based on individual differences

Study of human behavior in both regarding and necessary for management. It is

doubtful whether the management can perform its function successfully without

having understanding why people behave as they do. It based on individual

differences; individual differences are classified in to certain models or type.

1)RATIONAL ECONOMIC MAN:-This is based on the doctrine of

maximizing oneself interest. This assumptions are :

Man is able to calculate the cost of his efforts and value of inducement he

receives from his efforts.

Man is able to evaluate the alterations available.

Man is motivated by economic interest.

The organization controls the economic activities.

Organization can be designed to control rational feelings and avoid

unpredictable behavior.

The different types of assumptions a manager makes about people with greatly

determine the actions he takes in motivating and controlling people.

In simple rational economic model people can be induced to produce more by

providing economic incentives. This works very simply, that is people are engage

by the organization for the productive purpose.


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It will continue to give them incentives till it receiving matching contribution

From them.

The economic incentives can work till man is not reasonably satisfied by a need of

money. Though money is such a factor that its need can never be satisfied because

it may purchase many things through which people may satisfy their other needs

Within organizational context. The role of money is to maintain the people n the

organization and beyond that is not able to provide incentives to people.

2)SOCIAL MAN:-It is based on the doctrine that man being part of the society,

is influenced by a social forces and seeks satisfaction from social relationships.

Man is motivated by its social needs.

Man is more responsive to group pressure.

He will obey managements order as long as these are in conformity with his

social needs.

Management should organize work in such a way that it provides not

belongingness.

Social man concept is the invention of researchers which behavioral scientist

has carried out from time to time begom hawthorn experiments.

3)ORGANIZATION MAN: - William white who gave this concept believes that

value of loyalty to the organization and co-corporation with fellow workers is

important for man. The social ethics are guides of organization.

The group is a source of creativity.


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Belongingness is the ultimate need of individual.

Generally organization means emphasis that there is no conflict between

organization and interpersonal. Even if there is any, it can be overcome by

sacrificing the individual interest in favor of organizational interest. Its

implications is that management will design its various actions high will satisfy

the people.

People will not see their interest differently as the organization is to take care of

their interest.

4) SELF ACTUALIZING MAN: - It suggests difference in the way man can

overcome limitations to work .the managers normally take following.

The various needs can be put in hierarchical.

Man moves from immaturity to maturity.

Man is self motivated and self motivated managers try to create normal

achievement of people to release greater potential for commitment to

organizational goals

This model is based on the assumptions that is man is self motivated and

controlled.

Man works. To satisfy is needs, in a hierarchical orders arranged by Abraham

Maslow physiological needs, safety and security needs social needs, esteem and

status needs and self actualizing needs.

ABILITIES:-

It is an individual capacity to perform the various tasks. In a job, Ability is the

criteria used to determine what a person can do ability directly influences an


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employee level of performance and satisfaction. In order to get compatible ability,

the management can do the following:

The management must follow effective selection process. This process will

improve and provide a compatible individual.

A job analysis will provide information about jobs currently being done and

the abilities that individuals need to perform the job adequately.

The management ,after analyzing the job , can invite applicants .applicants

can then be tested ,interviewed and evaluated on the degree to which they

possesses the necessary abilities.

Promotion and transfer decisions should reflect the abilities of individuals in

the organizations.

Management must be cheerful in accessing critical abilities that will be

needed in the job.

In order to improve abilities, modifications can be made in the job. However,

three should b no significant impact on jobs basic activities.

Finally man agent has an alternative in the regard. A final alternative is to

provide training to employees. This is applicable to both ne workers and present

workers. Training can keep the abilities of workers current or provide new skills

as times and conditions charge.

SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS :-


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a) The globally cost competitive

b) Adheres to strict quality controls. Has access to latest technology.

c) Provides support to critical infrastructure and metal industries.

WEAKNESSES:-

a) Industry has a lower level of research and development capability.

b) Industry is exposed to cyclical downturns in the automotive industry. Most

component companies are dependent on global majors for technology

OPPURTUNITIES:-

a) May serve as sourcing hub for global automobile.

b) Majors significant export opportunities may be realized through diversification

of export basket.

c) Implementation of value added tax vat) in fy2004 will negate the cascading

impact of price.

THREATS:-

a) The presence of large counterfeit components market poses a significant threat.

b) Pressure on prices from gems continues. Imports pose price based competition

in the replacement market. Further marginalization of smaller players likely

outlook

PESTE ANALYSIS

POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT


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The stability of government can affect the employment opportunities; both in

quantity and quality .politically unstable environment have difficulty and attracting

experience problems in maintaining steady level of employment.

The political ideology of a country affects interpersonal behavior primary through

relative freedoms available to its citizens. Management structures and philosophies

in controlled societies have a significant impact on decisions, strategies, strategies

and methods of implementation available to managers .the relative freedoms can

affect career choice, job design motivation methods and finally interpersonal

behavior.

ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

The Economic environment is an important determinant of individual behavior. All

work is perform with in economic framework .the concept of economic

environment is a synthesis of several factors, like employment level, wage rates,

economic outlook and technological change.

People work for money but not only for money.however wages satisfy various

needs of an individual .it are well known that wage attract people to certain

organizations and determine their satisfaction on jobs. Inequality in wages will

have adverse effect on employees

SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT

People grow up in a particular society that shape their basic beliefs, values and

behaviors. Culture varies from country to country and these variation produce

different behaviors across the country .culture vary between two regions with in a


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country too and these variations produce different behaviors across the country.

Work ethics, achievement needs, effort reward expectations and values are

important factors having behavioral implications as suggested by Stephenss

p.robbins.it always desirable for organization effectiveness that direct there must

be direct relationship between effort and reward.

TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

It is seen that technological change is included as an economic factor because of

potential effects on individual job opportunities

Technological change has its strongest effect at lower level jobs although

increased automation, computersation and more sophisticated production

technologies can affect individuals at all levels.

LEGAL ENVIRONMENT

Rules and laws are formalized and written standards of behavior. Both rules and

laws are strictly enforced by the legal system .laws relate to all members of

society. Observing laws voluntary allows for predictability of individual behavior

QUESTIONNAIRE ANALYSIS

1) What kind of relationhip do you have with your boss?


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OPTIONS NO. OF RESPONDENTS % OF RESPONDENTS

Formal 1 4

Friendly 17 68

Both Formal and

friendly

6 24

Miscellaneous 1 4

TOTAL 25 100

4%

68%

24%

4%a) Formal

b) Friendly

c) Both Formal and

Friendly

d) Miscellaneous

INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 68% of the Employees are Friendly with Boss and

4% Employees are Formal, 24% of the Employees are both Friendly and Formal

and 4% are having Miscellaneous Relations with Boss.

2) How often does your superior guide you in your job?


Often 12 48

Once in a while 8 32

Never 3 12

Cant say 2 8

TOTAL 25 100


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INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 48% of the Employees are Superior guide in your

Job and 32% Employees are once in a while, 12% of the Employees are never l

and8% cant say.

.

3) How often does your boss blame you when things go wrong in your area

of work ?


Often 2 8

Once in a while 10 40Never 11 44

Cant say 2 8

TOTAL 25 100

0

10

20

30

40

50

%OF RESPONDENTS

Often

Once in a whileNever

Cant say


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INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 8% are often and 40% Employees once in a

while.44% never and 8% are cant say.

4) What type of relations do you have with your colleagues?


Friendly 20 80

Competitive 1 4

Social 3 12

All three 1 4

TOTAL 25 100

0

5

10

15

20

25

3035

40

45

% OF RESPONDENTS

Often

Once in a while

Never

Cant say


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80%

4%

12%4%

a) friendly

b) competitive

c) social

d) all three

INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 88% of the Employees are Friendly with

Colleagues and 4% Employees are Competitive, 12% of the Employees are Social

and 4% are all three Relations with Colleagues

5) Do you feel unbalanced relations affect the efficiency level of employees?


Yes 17 68

No 72 28

Cant say 1 4

TOTAL 25 100

0

10

20

30

40

5060

70

% OF RESPONDENTS

Yes

No

Cant say


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INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 68% of the Employees are yes and 4% Employees

cant sayFormal, 24% of the Employees are both Friendly and Formal and 4% are

having Miscellaneous Relations with Boss.

6) Which of the following situations adversely affect your relationship

among groups?


Stress 10 40

Illiteracy 1 4

Incompetence 0 0

Lack Of Knowledge 6 24

Miscellaneous 8 32

TOTAL 25 100


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40%

4%0%24%

32%a) stress

b) illiteracy

c) incompetence

d) lack of know ledge

e) miscellaneous

INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 40% of the Employees are stress and 4%

Employees are illiteracy 24% of the Employees are having lack of knowlege and

32% are having miscellaneous adversely affect relations.

7) What are the causes of such adverse situations?


Individual case 9 36

Group 2 8

Organization 9 36

Others 5 20TOTAL 25 100


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INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 36% of the Employees are adverse situations and

8% Employees affect group 36% of the Employees affect the organisation.

8) What problem does this negative behaviour lead to?


Physical Problem 0 0

Psychological Problem 10 40

Behavioral Problem 10 40

Others 5 20

TOTAL 25 100

36%

8%36%

20%a) individual case

b) group

c) organisation

d) others


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INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 40% of the Employees are having psychologicalproblem and 40% Employees ae having behaviour problem, 20% of the Employees

are affected by other problems.

9) Do you get full co-operation and unbiased attention from your superior

in your work place?

OPTIONS NO.OF RESPONDENTS % OF RESPONDENTS

Yes 22 88No 0 0

Sometimes 3 12

TOTAL 25 100

0%

40%

40%

20%a) physical problem

b) psychological problem

c) behavioral problem

d) others


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88%

0% 12%

a) yes

b) no

c) sometimes

INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 88% of the Employees says yes and 12%

Employees are sometimes having unbiased attention.

10) Does group cohesiveness prevail in your organisation?


Yes 21 84No 2 8

Sometimes 2 8

TOTAL 25 100


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84%

8%8%

a) yes

b) no

c) sometimes

INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 84% of the Employees are yes and 8% Employees

are no and 8% having sometimes group cohisiveness prevail in the organization.

11) What are the forces which bring cohesion in group?


Outside Person 0 0

Competition 19 76

Others 6 24TOTAL 25 100


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INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 0% of the Employees are outside person and 76%

Employees are having competition, 24% of the Employees are others.

12) How often does interpersonal conflict arise among superior and

subordiantes and among the people at the same hierarchy?


Quite Often 2 8

Occasionally 18 72

Never 5 20

0%

76%

24%

a) outside person

b) competition

c) others


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Cant Say 0 0

TOTAL 25 100

INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 8% of the Employees are quite often, 72% of the

employees are occasionally problem and 20% Employees are never arise problem

among superior.

13) Is stress a major factor which affects your interpersonal relation in an

organisation?


8%

72%

20%0%

a) quite often

b) occasionally

c) never

d) cant say


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Yes 10 40

No 15 60

TOTAL 25 100

40%

60%

a) yes

b) no

INTERPRETATION:

The above Diagram shows that 40% of the Employees are major factors which

affect your personnel behaviour. And 60%Employees are no.

FINDINGS OF THE STUDY


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Most of the workers have a friendly relationship with their superior as well

as their colleagues; this in turn depicts the open communication available in

organization.

Most of the workers are often guided by their supervisors in their sphere of

work and agree that they understand their work pressures and problems and

try to solve them if it is within their reach.

Most of the workers feel that unbalanced interpersonal relations affect the

efficiency level of employees mainly due to stress which is mainly caused

because of individual and organisational related factors.

The negative behaviour of workers is mainly due to psychological and

behavioual problems although they get full co-operation and unbiased

attention from their superior in their work place.

Group cohesiveness prevails among different groups in org. mainly due to

competition.

No superior is afraid to express any kind of views about the worker to him.

To some extent, the management is concerned about maintaining goodrelations with trade unions.

LIMITATIONS


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I had put my best effort in gathering the data and i have tried my level best that the

data provided and the survey done are authentic as they could be, but there are

some limitations, which are mentioned below :

The study period is limited, the researcher has to collect the necessary and

important information within the limited period of time and it is not possible to

collect it, due to lack to time.

Some consumers give half-hearted response or false information, which may

lead to wrong conclusion.

It is not possible to carry out the detailed survey due to limited finance.

The crew members were hesitates to speak freely as they feared the

informations to leak in the head office.

CONCLUSION


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B) Competitive

C) Social

D) All three

Q 5:- Do you feel unbalanced interpersonal relations affect the efficiency level of

employees?

A) Yes

B) No

C) Cant say

Q 6:- Which of the following situations adversely affect your relationship among

groups?

A) Stress

B) Illiteracy

C) Incompetence

D) Lack of knowledge

E) Miscellaneous

Q 7:- What are the causes of such adverse situations?

A) Individual causes

B) Group causes

C) Organizational causes

D) Others

Q 8:- What problems does the negative behaviour lead to?


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A) Physical problem

B) Psychological problem

C) Behavioural problem

D) Others

Q 9:- Do you get full cooperation and unbiased attention from your superior in

your work place?

A) Yes

B) No

C) Sometimes

Q 10:- Does group cohesiveness prevail in your organisation?

A) Yes

B) No

C) Sometimes

Q 11:- What are the forces that bring cohesion in group?

A) Outside person

B) Competition

C) Others


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Q 12:- How often does interpersonal conflict arise among superior & subordinates

and among the people at the same hierarchy?

A) Quite often

B) Occasionally

C) Never

D) Cant say

Q 13- Is stress a major factor which affects your interpersonalrelation in an org.?

A) Yes

B) No


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individual behaviour1

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