Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme

Drawing on worldwide experience, the Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme aims at providing a sustainable energy solution for households with livestock to reduce dependence on firewood and expensive fossil fuels. The biogas programme contributes to the achievement of Millenium Development Goals to end poverty and hunger and to reach environmental sustainability.

For further information please contact:

Indonesia Domestic Biogas ProgrammeJalan Brawijaya III no.7Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan 12160Tel. +62-21 7244432Fax. +62 21 7230774Email. biogas-info@hivos.or.id

The Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme is managed and implemented by Hivos (Humanist Institute for Co-operation with Developing Countries) with technical assistance from SNV – Netherlands Development Organization, in cooperation with national and local stakeholders. The programme is funded by the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Jakarta and was established in close cooperation with the Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources.

Cooperating Organisations:

Funded by: Supported by:

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Who we are

Hivos is a Dutch non-governmental organisation inspired by humanist values. Together with local organisations in developing countries, Hivos seeks to contribute to a free, fair and sustainable world in which citizens - women and men - have equal access to the resources and opportunities for their development. And where they can actively and equally participate in decision-making processes that determine their lives, their society and their future. Hivos believes in the creativity and capacity of individuals. Quality, co-operation and innovation form the core concepts in Hivos’ philosophy. Hivos is committed to the poor and marginalised in Africa, Asia and Latin America. A sustainable improvement in their condition is the ultimate benchmark for Hivos’ work and efforts. The empowerment of women is an essential concern in all its programmes. (for more information see www.hivos.nl/english)

SNV – Netherlands Development organisation is specialized in advisory services and knowledge brokering, and provides capacity development support to local organisations in the governmental, non-governmental and private sector. SNV has also been advising countries to implement biogas programmes. Main aims are to maximise the number of households and people using quality biogas plants through the coordinated efforts of all actors (government, private sector and civil society) in the biogas sector and to develop the capacity of the clients SNV works with. SNV does not implement directly, but helps clients to achieve their goals. (for more information see www.snvworld.org)

Why Biogas?Domestic Biogas plants convert animal dung and various other organic materials into combustible methane gas know as biogas. Biogas consists primarily of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The methane is a valuable product as it is an efficient energy carrier that has a wide range of uses, from simple gas stoves for cooking to lamps for lighting. The slurry left over from this process is easily collected and can be used as organic fertiliser to improve crop yields. The CO2 produced is equivalent to the amount of CO2 captured when the biomass was created. Biogas is therefore a CO2 neutral source of energy i.e. a renewable energy.

On-farm Energy ProductionOn average, farmers with at least two cows can generate sufficient biogas to meet their daily basic cooking and lighting needs. The investment cost for a quality ‘fixed dome’ biogas plant varies between Euro 200 to 600, depending on plant size, location of construction and country. Such plants have a life span of at least 15 years, whilst operation is easy and maintenance inexpensive. For the user, biogas provides clean cooking energy, contributes to health improvement and reduces the time needed for biomass collection, especially for women.

Getting Benefit from Waste: the Nepal case

An average biogas plant in Nepal serving a household of 5 or 6 people generates the following benefits:

Saving of traditional cooking fuel such as firewood from 2,000 to 3,000 kg/year

Reduction of workload from 1.5 to 3 hours/day per household

Reduction of greenhouse gasses up to 5.0 ton of CO2 equivalent/year

Reduction of indoor air pollution on which 3 persons/household are less exposed

Toilet attachment, up to 65% of all biogas households have latrines connected to the biogas plants

Potential increase of agricultural produc-tion or saving on the use of chemical fertiliser (biogas plants produce very high quality organic fertilizer – the bio-slurry) up to 40%

Improved household and environmental sanitation, less pollution to underground water

From unsustainable to sustainable energy sources Worldwide, around two billion people are lacking access to clean and safe cooking fuel. To meet their daily energy needs, they rely on traditional sources such as wood, agricultural waste, dried dung or charcoal. These fuels are usually gathered by women and children, denying them time that otherwise could have been spent on productive activities or at school. In addition to that, by burning traditional fuels at home, women and small children are exposed to smoke and are prone to respiratory and eye ailments. The collection of such traditional fuels and charcoal production gradually exhausts natural resources and damages the environment. Furthermore, the use of agricultural waste and dried dung for cooking reduces soil fertility, thereby endangering food security in the longer term.

The Indonesia Domestic Biogas ProgrammeThe Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme is managed and implemented by Hivos (Humanist Institute for Co-operation with Developing Countries) with technical assistance from SNV – Netherlands Development Organization, in cooperation with national and local stakeholders. The programme is funded by the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Jakarta and was established in close cooperation with the Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources.

The technical viability of small-scale biogas technology has repeatedly been proven in field tests and pilot projects, but mass dissemination of this technology has not been accomplished in Indonesia. Major constraints include the need of penning up animals for effective collection of dung, the ownership of a sufficient number of livestock to generate continuous flows of biogas and the, and the high initial costs of the installations. In the past, firewood was still available free of costs and subsidised kerosene was available. Now, due to higher kerosene prices and depletion of firewood, the interest in the use of biogas is growing.

Having started in May 2009, the programme will initiate its activities in cooperation with local partners in at least 3 provinces by constructing 75 to 150 biogas installations before the end of 2009. The programme target aims to build ca. 8.000 units (of which 2.000 units outside Java) before the end of 2012, partially subsidized and facilitated with credit. Through its multi-sector approach, the programme will mobilize the private sector, NGOs, cooperatives, MFIs and the government sector, focusing on clusters of high-density livestock areas and aiming at farmers with at least 2 or 3 stabled cows.

Cooperating OrganizationsThe Indonesian Domestic Biogas Programme is a 3,5-year joint effort of Hivos and SNV. Hivos provides overall programme management and coordinates with the programme participants and will be responsible for planning, monitoring and reporting, technical assistance, knowledge management, policy dialogue, stakeholder mobilization, advocacy and communication. SNV will assume responsibility for the effective exchange of knowledge generated through its engagement in the set-up and implementation of national programmes in other countries. This relates to organizational and institutional development, planning and implementation of programme activities like promotion, training, quality control, extension, biogas enterprise development, financial services related to the construction companies and end-users, social inclusion and environmental sustainability. An Advisory Committee and a Technical Committee are established to ensure programmematic and technical accountability. The representatives from the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Jakarta and the Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources will have seats on the Advisory Committee.

Large scale approach and multiple benefitsThis programme will undertake a multi-stakeholder sector development approach, creating a market-based biogas sector, involving locally trained contractors and masons who are supported by vocational training institutions. To reduce the cost-barrier, banks and micro-finance institutions will provide loans to the end-users. The programme will offer an investment incentive of approximately 25%, which may be adjusted in a later stage of the programme. End-users are protected against construction errors through a guaranty system. The role of rural development NGOs, dairy cooperatives as well as governmental and private agricultural and livestock extension services are integrated in the programme, which will create new jobs and a new business sector.