indonesia’s support to children’s holistic learning and development prof. dr. lydia freyani...
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Indonesia’s Support to Children’s Holistic Learning and Development
Prof. Dr. Lydia Freyani Hawadi
Director General of Early Childhood Education, Non-formal and Informal Education
Ministry of Education and CultureNovember 5, 2012
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Outline
Indonesia’s achievements
Lingering challenges
The national strategy for responding to Indonesia’s challenges
ECED – a fundamental component of Indonesia’s strategy
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Indonesia’s Achievements
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Indonesia: A key player on the world stage
• Indonesia’s admission into the G20 signifies the country’s increasing global importance
• In 2011 GDP increased to $US 825 billion making Indonesia the 16th largest economy in the world
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• Indonesia’s income per capita increased from $US 3000 in 2010 to $US 3425 at the end of 2011
• The middle class is growing by 7 million people annually and in 2011 was estimated to include about 130 million people
• This will keep increasing until the demographic dividend period is reached in 2040
Indonesia: A vibrant and growing middle class
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Lingering Challenges
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Poverty has fallen but inequality has persisted
2006 2007 2009 20100%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
18%17%
14% 13%
0.347 0.3200.344 0.353
Poverty Rate Inequality (Gini Coefficient)
Povert
y R
ate
Ineq
uality
(G
ini)
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Gains in ECED enrollment for example also underscore persisting inequality
2004 2007 20100%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
5% 5% 8%
19%25%
36%
46%
59%
68%
En
rollm
en
t
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Inequality of access – There are large gaps within and across provinces
PAPUAPAPUA BARAT
KALIMANTAN BARATJAMBI
SUMATERA SELATANBANTEN
KEP.BABELDKI JAKARTA
SUMATERA BARATSUMATERA UTARA
MALUKURIAU
NANGGROE ACEH DARUSSALAMMALUKU UTARA
BENGKULUBALI
NUSA TENGGARA BARATJAWA BARAT
KALIMANTAN TIMURKEP.RIAU
KALIMANTAN TENGAHLAMPUNG
SULAWESI TENGGARANUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
SULAWESI SELATANSULAWESI TENGAH
SULAWESI BARATKALIMANTAN SELATAN
JAWA TENGAHSULAWESI UTARA
JAWA TIMURGORONTALO
DI YOGYAKARTA
Prov
ince
0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1% Enrollment Rate
Richest Poorest
Age 0-6:Wealth Disparities in Enrollment RateM
ALU
KU
PA
PU
A B
AR
AT
MA
LU
KU
UTA
RA
KA
LIM
AN
TA
N B
AR
AT
KA
LIM
AN
TA
N T
IMU
RPA
PU
ASU
LA
WESI B
AR
AT
NU
SA
TEN
GG
AR
A T
IMU
RSU
LA
WESI TEN
GA
HJA
MB
IK
ALIM
AN
TA
N S
ELA
TA
NG
OR
ON
TA
LO
SU
LA
WESI SELA
TA
NN
AN
GG
RO
E A
CEH
DA
RU
SSA
LA
MB
AN
TEN
JAW
A B
AR
AT
SU
MA
TER
A U
TA
RA
RIA
USU
LA
WESI U
TA
RA
SU
MA
TER
A S
ELA
TA
NSU
LA
WESI TEN
GG
AR
AN
USA
TEN
GG
AR
A B
AR
AT
LA
MPU
NG
SU
MA
TER
A B
AR
AT
DK
I JA
KA
RTA
KEP.R
IAU
KA
LIM
AN
TA
N T
EN
GA
HB
EN
GK
ULU
JAW
A T
EN
GA
HB
ALI
JAW
A T
IMU
RD
I YO
GYA
KA
RTA
KEP.B
AB
EL0
10
20
30
40
50
10
46
% Enrollment Rate
ECED Grand Design
Gro
ss e
nro
llm
en
t ra
te (
exclu
des
TP
Q e
nro
llm
en
t)
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The national strategy for responding to Indonesia’s
challenges
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Indonesia’s strategy to confront its challenges
• Pro-Poor (poverty reduction)
• Pro- Growth (economic growth)
• Pro-Job (employment creation)
• Pro-Environment (environmental sustainability)
National Education Priority Programs 2010-2014
1. Early Childhood Education and Development
2. 9 years of compulsory education
3. Vocational Education
4. Improvements in Teachers’ Competence
5. Improvements in Competence of Higher Education
Lecturers/Personnel
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Early Childhood Education - a fundamental component of
Indonesia’s strategy
Good Quality of H R Foundation
Qualified H R
Globally Competitive HR
Comprehensive Smart Human Being
Nat
ional
Mov
emen
t
Of EC
E
National QualityStandard
International QualityStandard
Perfect Service
QualityImprovement
2011 2015 2025 2035 2045
ECE DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA 2011 - 2045
EXPECTED INDONESIAN
CHILDREN
PRESENT FOR 100 YEARS OF
INDONESIAN INDEPENDENCE
ECCE
Developing healthy, smart and noble character of early years children in order to get Indonesian people smart comprehensively by 2025
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1. Improving AVAILABILITY
2. To extend ACCESSIBILITY
3. Improving QUALITY
4. Realizing EQUALITY
5. Guarantee of ASSURANCE
EARLY CHILDHOOD SERVICES
VISION AND MISSION
Population and Distribution
1. 31.8 million 0-6 years olds (CBS, 2010)
2. Gross Enrollment Rate for 3-6 year olds: 61% in 2012
3. 56.3% in rural areas (CBS, 2008)
4. 57.1% live on Java Island, although this area is only 6.9% of the territory of Indonesia (CBS, 2008)
5. Population growth 1.49% per-year (CBS, 2010)
Gross Enrolment Rate of children 0-6 by Province 2011/2012
1. Red : APK below 31% in 16 provinces,namely, Papua, Papua Barat, Maluku, Kaltim, Kalbar, Malutu Utara, NTT, Aceh, Riau, Sulsel, Sumut, Sulut, Sumsel, Sulbar, Kalsel, and Lampung;
2. Purple: APK 31-40% in 11 provinces, namely, Jabar, Banten, Jambi, Jakarta, Sulteng, NTB, Sumbar, Sultra, Kalteng, Bengkulu, and Central Java.
3. Yellow : APK 41-50% in 4 provinces, namely, Bali, Gorontalo, Kepri, and Babel;4. Green : APK above 51% in 2 provinces, namely, East Java and Yogyakarta.
Aceh (26,95%)
Sumut(28,64%)
Sumbar(34,07%)
Sumsel(29,16%)
Riau(28,13%)
Lampung(29,88%)
Bengkulu(39,01)
Jambi(31,63%)
Kepri(46,42%)
Babel(47,63%)
Kalbar(22,72%)
Kalteng(35,79%)
Kaltim(22,26%)
Kalsel(29,58%)
Jabar(31,07%)
Jateng(39,08%)
DIY(58,58%)
Bali(40,22%)
NTB(33,44%)
Sulsel(28,44%)
Sultra(34,24%)
Sulut(28,85%)
Gorontalo(40,27%)
Papua(18,10%)
Maluku Utara(24,14%)
Maluku(21,29%)
NTT24,69%)
DKI(31,90%)
Papua Barat(21,25%)
Jatim(55,56%)
Sulteng(33,15%)
Banten(31,16%) APK < 31
APK 31-40%
APK 41-50%
APK > 51%
Sulbar(29,23%)
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Problems and Challenges
A. ECE Access – Inequality persists
B. Helping parents with children 0-2 years old
C. Quality ECE Services for children 3-6 years old
D. Sustainable Financing
E. Competent ECE Teachers
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StrategiesA. Accelerating access to ECE services
Partnering with partner organizations, religious facilities and others in the communities
Block Grant schemens for : Operational Cost (BOP), for ‘Pioneer’ Services and for Educational Toys
Attracting Corporate Social Responsibility to supplement budgets
B. Helping parents with children 0-2 years old Cooperation with Min of Home Affairs (esp PKK/ Women
Association), Min of Health and Family Planning Provide Parenting Education
C. Quality ECE services Strengthening the organization providing services Strengthening the Learning process Improving the quality of Teacher and Teaching Personnel Improving the Facility and equipment
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D. Sustainable Financing National and Provincial/ District Budget in the form of
Operational Block Grant, Grant for Rehabilitation and equipment, Teacher incentive
Collaborating with Other community development program:• PNPM Generasi – (for program)• PNPM Mandiri (physical infrastructure)
Village Fund CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility)
E. Competent Teachers Continuous training and other support ECE cluster meeting Teacher Qualification support
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Enjoy the conference!
We look forward to learning from the experiences you all will share with us
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Selamat Datang dan Terima Kasih!
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