industrial development in brazil tadao takahashi
TRANSCRIPT
INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTINBRAZIL
Tadao Takahashi
CONTENTS
• Brief Historical Perspective
• Brazil Today
• Some Flagship Initiatives
• The Future
BRIEF HISTORICALPERSPECTIVE
1808 - No Industry in Brazil 1808 – Sudden Awakening 1824 – The First Industry Association 1860’s – A Visionnary 1888 – Abolition Of Slavery 19XX – The Second Sao Paulo Industrial Fair 1920’s – The First World War Effort 1940’s – The Second World War Effort 1960’s – The Bossa Nova Years
BRIEF HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
1785 - Edict of the Queen of Portugal prohibiting industrial activities in Brazil.
1808 – Royal Family of Portugal arrives in Rio, fleeing from Napoleon’s Army.
1824 – First Industry Support Association founded in Rio.
1860’s – Baron of Mauá, an industry tycoon ahead of his times in Brazil.
1888 – Slavery is finally abolished in Brazil (and Monarchy will go with it).
19XX
Certificate ofSecond Industrial Fair in Sao Paulo.
1920’s – Brazil takes part in I World War efforts (and starts to modernize its industry).
1940’s – Brazilian Airforce supports initiative to manufacture Airplanes in the country.
1950’s – Brazilian Presidente and Architect Lucio Costa in “Brasília”.
1950’s – Heavy industries in Brazil takes off.
1950’s – The Auto-Making Industry takes-off
It keeps being successful, but there is still more to know
There is a Brazil that many people know
Soccer Carnival CoffeeAmazon forest
The Brazil that you must know
Innovation, technology, competitiveness and productivity
BRAZIL TODAY
Low inflation rates during the last 12 years (3,2% in 2006)
Reduction of external vulnerability Brazil’s risk fell down and keeps falling (+ 2.000 216) Exports and trade superavit boom
Reduction of social inequality: the lowest level in 30 years 70% of the population had income growth (2001-2004)
Reduction of poverty: the lowest level ever Revenue of the poorest grew more than 10% (2001-4) 5 million people left a situation of extreme poverty 1,2 million people entered into the formal work market (2006)
S&T Development More than 10.000 new Drs. / year
Brazilian Economic and Social Development
Brazilian industry is threatened “from the bottom” part by the
competition of products/process with low cost production structure
and low wages and “from the top” part by countries /
companies with high level of innovation and product
differentiation
Current Vision
Industrial Strategy
Change Brazilian industry pattern of competition
through innovation, strength of productive chains and
enabling the environment for private and public
investments, in order to be competitive in the
international market
Future Vision
Industrial Strategy
Industrial Modernization
Economic growth,Improvements in competitiveness
and efficiency
Innovation and technological development
Targets
Focus of the New Initiative
Industrial, Technological and Foreign Trade Policy
Strategic OptionsStrategic Options
Horizontal PolicyHorizontal Policy
Future bearing activitiesFuture bearing activities
software
semiconductors
capital goods
pharmaceutics and medicines
biotech
nanotec
h
biomass
Industrial, Technology and Foreign Trade Policy
SOME FLAGSHIP INITIATIVES
Some Projects
1. NanotechnologyLabs network, linking with industry
2. BiotechnologyNational Forum: policy guidelines Infrastructure, basic research, regulation, metrology,
linking with industry 3. Information and communication technologies: education as a
driving force4. Renewable energy: biofuels5. Observatory of competitiveness and innovation
The Genolyptus ProjectExample of pre-competitive cooperation between Universities and Companies,
involves 13 enterprises, 7 universities and 3 research centers from National Research
Institute for Agriculture (Embrapa): a suite of genomic, field and information resources to discover, sequence, map, validate and understand the underlying
variation of genes and genomic regions of economic importance in Eucalyptus with a
focus on wood and disease resistance.
Building Resources for Molecular Breeding of Eucalyptus
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
Prize CNI 2005
• 8 Institutions: Embraer, CTA, USP – Poli & São Carlos, UNICAMP, UFSC, UFU, PUC-Rio
• 3 enterprises: ESSS, CITS & DELTACORE.
• 100 specialists.
optical fiber nanotech applications
innovative networks (clusters)
automation
new materials
1983Piraúna293 m
2001Roncador
1.886
1992Marlim781 m
Petrobras: world's top producer of oil in deep waters
BioethanolBiodieselH-Bio
Renewable Energy: Biofuels
THE FUTURE
Australia
Canada
Spain
South Corea
Italy
United Kingdom
Holland
Germany
France
India
Mexico
Japan
Nigeria
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Indonesia
Russia
USA
Brazil
China
Areaover 4 million km2
Populationover 100 million
GDP*> US$ 400 bilhões
Source: Investe Brasil*Nominal GDP
Brazil and the BRICs
R. Dauscha (ANPEI) 3ª CNCTI
1. Recycling of aluminium cans2. Jeans, iron ore, compressors for
refrigerators3. Footwear4. Commercial jets, beer
Transnational companies whose Brazilian branches are among the 5 biggest in the world
• Avon• Fiat• 3M• Telefonica
• Siemens• Unysis• Coca-Cola• Volkswagen
Source: Investe Brasil
Brazilian Industries - Sucessful Cases
•Accor •Xerox•Goodyear•Nestlé
R. Dauscha (ANPEI) 3ª CNCTI
5. Radios6. Cement7. Pulp8. Chemical Industy9. Steel10. Vehicles, capital goods
The Placement of Brazil in World Industry Selected sectors
Obstacles to innovation
• Need to educate more & better;
• Little and not diversified financing (FINEP/BNDES/FAP’s);
• Bureaucracy (150 days in Brazil x 3 days in Australia);
• Tight fiscal policy (38% of GDP);
• Lack on infrastructure and logistics.
Goals for Innovation
• Increase in number of companies that innovate and differentiate their products;
• Increase in the quantity of patents (levels compatible to Brazilian participation in world GDP);
• Increase in cientifical and technological in the products, processes and services in Brazil, specially exports;
• Increase on national expenditures in Cience, Tecnology and Innovation – to reach 2% of GDP
• Increase in business investments – from 40% to 60%
• Increase in the GDP to 5% year
