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Page 1: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my!

Page 2: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Copyright Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. These Materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of

the Texas Education Agency (TEA) and may not be reproduced without the express written permission of TEA, except under the following conditions:

1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials and Related Materials for the districts’ and schools’ educational use without obtaining permission from TEA.

2) Residents of the state of Texas may reproduce and use copies of the Materials and Related Materials for individual personal use only, without obtaining written permission of TEA.

3) Any portion reproduced must be reproduced in its entirety and remain unedited, unaltered and unchanged in any way.

4) No monetary charge can be made for the reproduced materials or any document containing them; however, a reasonable charge to cover only the cost of reproduction and distribution may be charged.

Private entities or persons located in Texas that are not Texas public school districts, Texas Education Service Centers, or Texas charter schools or any entity, whether public or private, educational or non-educational, located outside the state of Texas MUST obtain written approval from TEA and will be required to enter into a license agreement that may involve the payment of a licensing fee or a royalty.

For information contact: Office of Copyrights, Trademarks, License Agreements, and Royalties, Texas Education Agency, 1701 N. Congress Ave., Austin, TX 78701-1494; phone 512-463-7004; email: [email protected].

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved. 2

Page 3: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Newborns

• Reflexes – Crucial for survival – Evoke adult attention – Pediatricians check reflexes carefully, because

weak or extremely rigid reflexes can indicate brain damage

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Page 4: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Newborn Reflexes

• What are some of the reflexes? – Rooting – Sucking – Swimming (should NOT be tested at home, for safety reasons)

– Moro – Palmer grasp – Stepping – Babinski

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Page 5: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Development occurs in three domains

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Physical

Social/Emotional

Cognitive

Page 6: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Brain Development

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Page 7: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Infant - Physical

• Brain development – Has 100 – 200 billion neurons (nerve cells) – Gaps between them are called synapses – Neurons that are used survive; others are pruned – Appropriate stimulation is what causes neurons to

be used • Stimulate by talking, listening, singing, dancing, moving,

questioning, showing, allowing exploration

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Page 8: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Physical Development Trend Cephalocaudal

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Page 9: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Physical Development Trend

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Proximodistal

Page 10: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

What happens when babies grow?

• By the end of first year – Height is more than 50% greater than at birth – Body is more plump by six months than at birth – Ethnic and gender differences are noted – Teeth appear

• By the end of the second year – Height is more than 75% greater than at birth – Weight has quadrupled since birth

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Page 11: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Infant – Physical Milestones

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Page 12: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Infant – Motor Development

Gross Motor Development

Fine Motor Development

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Page 13: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Infant – Social/Emotional

• Attachment • Emotional

development

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Page 14: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Infant Attachment

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• Infants need warm, nurturing, responsive care • Babies who receive this type of attention

become securely attached to parent and/or caretaker

Click picture to watch a 5

minute YouTube

video about attachment.

Click link to watch a 2

minute YouTube

video about attachment.

Page 15: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Infant Emotional Development

• Basic emotions – universal to humans – Happiness – Interest – Surprise – Fear – Anger – Sadness – Disgust

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Page 16: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Infant - Cognitive

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Attention

Language

Memory

Page 17: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Toddler - Physical

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Gross motor development

Fine motor development

Page 18: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Toddler – Social/Emotional

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Page 19: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Toddler – Cognitive

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Page 20: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Infant Development

Check for understanding. Click the picture to go to milestone charts for

infants and toddlers.

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Page 21: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Infant and Toddler Self-Regulation

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Strategies we use to adjust our emotional state to a comfortable level. Impulse control

is part of this.

Page 22: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Temperament

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•Early appearing •Stable differences in our reactivity and self-regulation •Set of inborn biological characteristics that shape how we experience and approach the world.

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Influence of family and society

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Page 25: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Optimizing development, including special needs

• LRE – least restrictive environment

• Inclusive classrooms

• Learning disabilities

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Page 26: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Techniques to promote health and safety

• Watchful, attentive care • Shaken Baby Syndrome (web site)

– Never, never shake a baby! You can cause brain injury or death

• Well-baby care and medical attention • SIDS (article)

– Back to sleep (1:08 minute video) – Safe sleep for babies (12:38 minute video)

• Tummy time (news article)

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Page 27: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Developmentally appropriate guidance techniques

• Infants should never be punished • Toddlers can be guided in order to help

correct behaviors

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Page 28: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

Babysitting

Check your knowledge. Complete the babysitting jigsaw puzzle.

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Page 29: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

References

• Technology – A Minute for Kids: Back to Sleep. (2011). American

Academy of Pediatrics video. http://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/sleep/pages/Back-to-Sleep.aspx?nfstatus=401&nftoken=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000&nfstatusdescription=ERROR%3a+No+local+token

– Safe Sleep for Babies. (2010). American Academy of Pediatrics video. http://www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-prevention/at-home/pages/Safe-Sleep-for-Babies.aspx

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Page 30: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

References

• Technology – Sullivan, R. (2012). Attachment learning. Child Mind

Institute YouTube video. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tu4LnZI3G1s

– Temperament traits. (2012). KERA –TV. http://kera-kids.kera-interactive.org/ready-for-life/teachers/temperament/temperament-videos/temperament-traits/

– Temperament: Things to remember. (2012). KERA-TV. http://kera-kids.kera-interactive.org/ready-for-life/teachers/temperament/temperament-videos/things-to-remember/

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Page 31: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

References • Technology

– The role of attachment in infancy on later mental and physical health outcomes. (2012). YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bul1meciGE

– Tummy Time (2010). KY3 – TV. http://www.ky3.com/news/contactky3/ky3-lack-of-tummy-time-blamed-for-developmental-delays-02232011,0,3781056.story

– What makes up a child’s temperament? (2012). KERA-TV. http://kera-kids.kera-interactive.org/ready-for-life/teachers/temperament/temperament-videos/what-makes-up-a-childs-temperament/

– Zachery, A. (2012). Tummy time video. http://www.tummytimetips.com/tummy-time-video/

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Page 32: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

References

Textbooks • Berk, L. (2008). Infants and Children. (4th ed). Boston,

MA: Pearson Education, Inc. • Dacey, J., Travers, J., Fiore, L. (2009). Human

development across the lifespan. (7th ed). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies.

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Page 33: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

References

• Websites – A Guide to the Business of Babysitting: Jigsaw

Puzzle. (2013). University of Illinois Extension. http://urbanext.illinois.edu/babysitting/puzzle/index.html

– Best Beginnings: School Readiness – Birth Through Five. (2001). http://www.bestbeginnings.us/

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Page 34: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

References

• Websites – Brainy Quotes (2012.) http://www.brainyquotes.com – Growth and Development Downloads. (2013). Center

for Disease Control. http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/downloads.html

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Page 35: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

References

• Websites – Healthy Minds: Nurturing Your Child’s Healthy

Development . (2003). http://www.zerotothree.org/child-development/brain-development/healthy-minds.html

– Images (2013). Microsoft Office Images. http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/??Origin=EC790014051033&CTT=6&ver=12&app=powerpnt.exe

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Page 36: Infants and babies and toddlers! Oh, my! · 2013-03-27 · 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials

References

• Websites – Infant and Toddler Development Online Courses.

(2011). Texas AgriLife Extension, Texas A&M University System. http://infanttoddler.tamu.edu/courses/courseListByCatID.php?catid=16

– Mayo Clinic. (2012). Language acquisition. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/infant-development/AN01026

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Copyright Statement: zerotothree.org

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Healthy Minds: Nurturing Your Child’s Healthy Development

© 2003 ZERO TO THREE. This may be freely reproduced without permission for nonprofit, educational purposes. Reproduction for other uses requires

express permission of ZERO TO THREE.