InfectiousDisease

SHORTANDCRISPCRAMMERPOINTS

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ReservoirofImportantInfectiousDisease

Reservoir Disease

Human Epidemictyphus,Dracunculiasis,Ancylostomiasis,Trenchfever,Ascarasis

Rodents Endemictyphus,Indiantick typhus,RMSF,Rickettsialpox

NonLiving

Soilharbourstetanus,anthrax,coccidiomycosis,Mycetoma

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TypesofHost

Disease Primary SecondaryTaperworm (T.saginata) Man CattleTaperworm (T.solium) PigGuineaworm CyclopesFilaria CulexSleeping sickness Tse tse flyMalaria Anopheles ManHydatid cyst Dog Sheep,cattle,man

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Carrier- types

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chronic healthy convalescent incubatory

malaria Polio diphtheria Diphtheria

meningitis typhoid typhoid measles

typhoid cholera cholera mumps

dysentery diphtheria dysentery polio

HBV meningitis pertussis Pertussis

gonorrhea HBV

influenza

ANTHROPO ZOONOSES

Vertebrates Man

ZOO ANTHROPONOSES

Man Vertebrates

AMPHI XENOSES

Man Vertebrates

Rabies

Cattle T.B.

Trypanosoma cruzi

CompositionofReducedOsmolarityORS

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Zoonoses (lessimportant)

Viral Bacterial Rickettsial ParasiticRabies Brucellosis TaeniasisYellowfever Leptospirosis Hydatid

diseaseJE* Plaque Leishmaniasis*KFD Human

salmonellosis*Chikungunya

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DiseasesAssociatedwithRodents(lessimportant)

Bacterial Viral Rickettsial Parasitic Others

Plaque Lassafever Scrubtyphus Hymenolepsis Ratbite fever

Tularemia Hemorrhagicfever

Murine typhus Leishmaniasis Leptospirosis

Salmonellosis Encephalitis Rickettsial pox Amoebiasis Histoplasmosis

Trichinosis

Chagas disease

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Rickettsial Diseases(v.v.imp)Diseases Rickettsial Agent Insectvectors Mammalian

reservoirsTyphus Group

Epidemic R.Prowazakii Louse(byscratch/crushing)

Human

Murine R.Typhi Flea Rodents(Rats)Scrub R.tsutsugamushi Mite*(bite of

larvalstage)Spottedfever

Indiantick R.Conorii Tick*(bite/scratch/crush)

Rodents,DogsRMSF R.RickettsiiRickettsial pox R. akari Mite*(bite) Mouse 9

Rickettsial Diseases(contd.)Diseases Rickettsial

AgentInsectvectors

Mammalianreservoirs

Distribution

OthersQfever C. Burnetti Nil

(Inhalation, Directinoculation)

Cattle,Sheep,Goats

Worldwide

Trenchfever Rochalimaeaquintana

Louse(faeces)

Human(only) Europe

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•Alsoserveasarthropod reservoir,bymaintaining therickettsiae through ovariantransmission• Bitecausesaneschar• Arthropod insectvectors(exceptQFever)

PeriodofCommunicability(v.v.imp)Disease PeriodofCommunicabilityChickenpox

1- 2daysbeforeto4- 5daysafterappearance ofrash(Patientceasestobeinfectiousoncelesionshavecrusted)

Measles 4daysbeforeto 5daysafterappearanceofrash(Highlyinfectiousduringprodromal stage&duringeruption,periodofcommunicabilitydecreasesafterrashappears)

Diptheria 14- 28daysfromdiseaseonsetRubella 1weekbeforeto1weekafterrashonset(Max.When

rashiserupting)Mumps 4- 6daysbeforeonsetofsymptoms&aweekthereafterInfluenza 1- 2before&1- 2daysafteronsetofsymptomsWhoopingcough

1weekafterexposureto3weeksafteronsetofparoxysmalstage(catarrhalstage) 11

PeriodofIsolation(v.v.imp)Disease DurationChickenPox 6daysafteronsetofrashMeasles Onsetofcatarrhalto3rd dayofrash/7days

afterrashonsetGermanmeasles None(exceptin1st trimester)Influenza 3daysafteronsetTB Until3weeksofchemotherapyCholera,Diptheria 3daysaftertetracyclinestartedtill48hoursof

antibioticsHerpes zoster 6daysafteronsetofrashMumps UntilswellingsubsidesPertussis 3to4weeksoruntilparoxysmsceaseMeningococcalmeningitis,Streptococcalpharyngitis

Until1st 6 hoursantibioticscompleted

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GastroIntestinalInfections:CommonFeatures

• Modeoftransmission:contaminatedwater,food&drinks

• Periodofisolation:

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Disease DurationCholera,Diptheria 3daysaftertetracyclinestartedtill48hours

ofantibiotics(7- 10days)Shigella,Salmonella Until3 consecutivenegativestoolculturesHepatitis A 3weeksPolio 2weeksadults,6weeks paediatric

Chemoprophylaxis(v.v.imp)

Disease ChemoprophylaxisCholera TetracyclineBacterialconjunctivitis ErythromycinDiptheria ErythromycinInfluenza AmantadineMalaria < 6weeks(doxycycline,chloroquine),

>6weeks(mefloquine)Meningococcalmeningitis Cipro,minocyclinePlaque Tetracycline

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CALL 8699014009, 9914619911