GMR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

INTRODUCTION

• Solar energy plays a major role in present days.

• It is renewable source of energy.• This presentation is about the new type of

solar cell.• It is 5 times efficient than conventional solar

cells.

• Nanotechnology is about building things atom by atom, molecule by molecule.

• Nanotechnology is billionth of a matter.

• It is defined as the study of functional structures with dimensions in the range of 1-100 nanometer.

NANOTECHNOLOGY

Working of solar cell

• These are photovoltaic (PV) cells based on crystalline silicon.

• It absorbs visible sunlight and transferred to the semiconductor material.

• This energy knocks electrons to flow freely, which results current.

• Current is drawn from the metal contacts in PV cell.

FIGURE SHOWING THE WORKING OF SOLAR CELL

Why Nanotechnology in solar cell

•The conventional solar cells are less efficient.

•Their efficiency is very poor in cloudy days.

•To overcome above problems, A new type of solar cell embedded with NANOTECHNOLOGY is developed, which is INFRARED PLASTIC SOLAR CELL.

Division of sunlight

INFRARED PLASTIC SOLAR CELL

•A plastic solar cell can turn the suns power into electric energy even on a cloudy day.

•It uses specially designed nano particles called quantum dots.

QUANTUM DOT

•The quantum dots with a polymer to make the plastic that can detect energy in the infrared.

QUANTUM DOT LAYER

INFRARED PLASTIC SOLAR CELL

•This plastic material can harness the sun’s invisible infrared rays.

•These plastic solar cells can be taken everywhere.

•It reduces the need to PLUG IN for power.

WORKING OF PLASTIC SOLAR CELL

•It consists of cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanorods and blended with P3HT(poly-3hexylthiophene).

• It requires semiconductor nanorods (7 nm by 60nm).

•The heart of a solar cell is a 200-nm-thick film.

• A layer only 200 nanometers thick is sandwiched between electrodes.

•It can produce 0.7V at present

•When nanorods absorb light they generate an electron and an electron hole.

•Electron is collected by alluminium electrode.

•The hole is transferred to the plastic and conveyed to the electrode, creating a current.

•Aluminium coating acts as the back electrode .

IMPROVEMENTS

• Better light collection and concentration employed in the solar cells.

• In plastic cells nano rods are closely packed and transfer their electrons more directly to the electrolyte.

• They also hope to tune the nano rods to absorb different colors to span the spectrum of sun light.

APPLICATIONS

• Radio transceivers on mountain tops, or telephone boxes in the country can often be solar powered.

•Telecommunication systems:

•Hydrogen powered car:

Hydrogen car painted with the film could convert solar energy into electricity to continually recharge the car’s battery

• Chip coated in the material could power cell phone

• A couple of drops if the titanium dioxide suspension is then added.

• The slide is then set aside to dry for one minute.

• Coating the cell :

Ocean navigation aids: many lighthouses and most buoys are now powered by solar cells.

Ocean navigation aids:

ADVANTAGES

• These are considered to be 30% more efficient.

• Their efficiency is same even on cloudy days.• These are very compact and more practical in

application. • These cells avoids effects like pollution.• Fabrication is easy.

LIMITATIONS

• They are very costly.

• Relatively shorter life span when continuously exposed to sunlight.

• It requires higher maintenance and constant monitoring.

CONCLUSION

• Plastic solar cells help in exploiting the infrared radiation.

• More effective when compared to conventional solar cells.

• They can even work on cloudy days.• Though at present cost is a major

drawback, it can be solved in the near future.

1.Introduction to Nanotechnology:Charles P Poole,Frank J Owens

2.Nanomaterials:synthesis,properties and applications:Edelstein,

A.S.cammarata

3.Solar energy-fundamentals, design, modeling, applications : G.N.Tiwari

REFERENCES