integrated vector management: a decision- making process...

Integrated Vector Management: A Decision- Making Process for Optimal Use of Resources

Mustapha Debboun, Ph.D., BCE

Harris County Public Health Mosquito & Vector Control Division

March 22, 2017

HCPH Priority Public Health Issues for 2013-2018 Selected for the magnitude of the issue and our ability to make progress in Harris County

What is IVM?


“Systematic plans for effectively, efficiently, and safely using tactics to manage a problem in the best interests of humans in terms, of their health, economy, and/or quality of life.” Dr. J. K. Olson, Professor of Public Health Entomology, Texas A&M University.

“A decision-based process involving coordinated use of multiple

tactics for optimizing the control of all classes of pests (insects, pathogens, weeds, vertebrates) in an ecologically and economically sound manner”. Dr. R.J. Prokopy, Univ. of Massachusetts at Amherst

Why Use IVM?


Minimize insecticide resistance by using surveillance to guide control efforts

Monitor insecticide efficacy to maximize cost efficiency

Minimize exposure to non-target organisms by using alternative control strategies

Minimize insecticide residues by using alternative control strategies

Comply with Texas Pesticide General Permit

The 5 Essential Components of An IVM Program


Background Knowledge

Survey/Surveillance

Multi-tactic Management Strategy

Continuous Program Evaluation/Modification

Continuing Education/Training

Components of IVM: Background Knowledge


Know species involved Biology/ecology/behavior

Their importance Annoyance potential

Disease carriers

Their Survey

Their Control

Nuisance


Background Knowledge: Ecology


Area Profile, 2008-2016

To characterize each mosquito control operational area (MCOA) integrating historical and current data including but not limited to entomological, environmental, epidemiological, insecticidal, and infrastructural variables

Evaluate mosquito-borne disease risk for

each MCOA

Enhance decision making capacity and

operational strategies for endemic/emerging mosquito-borne diseases

DOCUMENTATION


Components of IVM: Surveys/Surveillance


Species composition

Population densities

Geographic distribution

Seasonal occurrence

Initial Surveys Surveillance

…….continuous and systematic monitoring for changes in:

Species composition

Population densities

Annoyance potential

Effectiveness of control tactics

Types of Surveillance


Egg

Larval

Adult

Types of Surveillance: Egg


Larval Surveillance: Dipping


Adult Surveillance: Gravid Trap


Adult Surveillance: CDC light trap


Adult Surveillance: BG sentinel trap


Adult Surveillance: Landing rate count


Documentation is Critical


WNV Positive Operational Areas - 2014


Resident Requests


Mosquito Inspection Report


Components of IVM: Multi-tactic Management Strategies


Source Reduction removal of water from artificial containers

elimination of artificial containers

Mechanical Control

proper screening

fly swatters

Mechanical Control


Components of IVM: Multi-Tactic Management Strategies


Cultural Control Water Management

drainage

circulation

Land Management grading

Drainage

Environmental Assessments

Drainage


Circulation

Removal of water Elimination of containers

Environmental Assessment


Predatory Insects


Components of IVM: Control

Pre-larviciding Historical presence

Larviciding Check for presence of larvae

If present, follow treatment label instructions

Record environmental and insecticide data


Components of IVM: Control

Adulticiding Surveillance guided treatments

Presence of nuisance and/or diseased mosquitoes

Treatment application according to label instructions

Document environmental, insecticide, and vehicle data


MVC Example

Treat areas where disease activity is found Ground ULV treatment

Supplemental aerial treatment when disease clustering present or when disease frequency accelerates


Behavior Modifying Chemicals


Repellents: DEET, Picaridin, IR3535, PMD

Attractants: Attractive Targeted Sugar Baits (ATSB)

Components of IVM: Continuous Program Evaluation/Modification


Cost/Risk/Benefit

Evaluate program activities: surveillance methodologies & control measures (cost of insecticides vs. insecticide efficacy)

Update/upgrade processes, equipment

Adjustments to significant environmental and biological changes which impact surveillance and control activities

MVC Examples

Insecticide Resistance Surveillance and Management


Trapping Methodologies

Components of IVM: Continual Education/Training


Public education and community outreach a well informed public can be a part of the solution

Professional/technical education

keep personnel current on technology and training

network with other organizations

identify potential collaborative projects

MVC Examples


Public Education/Training Health Fairs/Local presentations One on One

Professional/Technical Training Internal

Pesticide General Permit Preparation for state non-commercial pesticide applicator license exam Mosquito identification ULV operations Safety

External Pesticide General Permit Regional CEU Spring Workshop TX Mosquito Control Association (TMCA) Annual Workshop and Annual Conference

AMCA Annual Conference

Community Connections at Work

Outreach materials provided for field staff to share with residents during property inspections or when approached with mosquito questions

Field Staff Community Interaction Examples

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Postcard


Community Connections at Work

Community Event Participation and Community Presentations


Outreach Materials

All fact sheets are available in English and Spanish

*HCPH Mosquito Control Division Fact Sheets


CEU Workshop


Conclusion


IVM programs should not be considered alternatives to the use of pesticides; rather, they should be viewed as alternatives to the indiscriminate and continuous use of pesticides. The chemical approach for mosquito control should be integrated with all the other approaches that have been incorporated into the overall management program.

Harris County Public Health


{ Vision } { Values } { Mission }

Healthy People,

Healthy Communities,

A Healthy Harris County

Excellence

Compassion

Flexibility

Integrity

Accountability

Professionalism

Equity

Promoting a Health and Safe Community

Preventing Injury and Illness

Protecting You

www.hcphtx.org

http://www.hcphtx.org/

integrated vector management: a decision- making process...

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