Integration of Core and Log Petrophysics: Case Studies in the Mississippian of Kansas

John H. Doveton

Mississippian Play in Southern Kansas

Spivey-Grabs Basil is the largest Mississippian oil field in Kansas with 69 million BO & 850 BCFG

Gerlach, Sept. 2011

Spivey Grabs example: McCoy #1 Cornelius

McCoy #1 Cornelius

McCoy #1 Cornelius

McCoy #1 Cornelius : CyberlookMcCoy #1 Cornelius : Cyberlook

High BVW : typical for commercial production in the Mississippi “Chat”

McCoy #1 Cornelius

The beginning of “Chat” petrophysics

Jack Duran (Shell) 1960

Duren (Shell) 1960:

“Chat” core samples from Glick Field

Porosity range: 30 – 50%

Cementation exponent, m:

Average: m =2.36 (range: 2.24 – 2.73)

Saturation exponent, n = 1.8

PERFORATED PERFORATED 4370 – 4385 4370 – 4385 IPP 63.5 BOPD IPP 63.5 BOPD + 40 MCFGPD + + 40 MCFGPD + 43% WTR43% WTR

McCoy #1 Cornelius

More on “Chat” petrophysics

Watney, Guy, and Byrnes (KGS)

2001

Watney, Guy, and Byrnes (Bull. AAPG, 2001)

General Atlantic #A1 Tjaden

Watney, Guy, and Byrnes (Bull. AAPG, 2001)

“Context petrofacies” in Tjaden :

Lithofacies + position in cycle as related to paleoperched water table?

Watney, Guy, and Byrnes (Bull. AAPG, 2001)

General Atlantic #A1 Tjaden

Conversion of m into a profile of non-connected porosity from Watfa-Nurmi equation

THE WAY FORWARD?

• Software : saturation-height function modeling

• Hardware : more logging tools (NMR, EPT, ….)

Capillary pressure

curves

Duren (1960)Duren (1960)

Watney et al (2001)

HELPFUL ADDITIONAL LOGGING MEASUREMENTS?

• Magnetic resonance (NMR/CMR/MRI)

Pore-body size distribution

• Dielectric properties (EPT)

Water volume evaluation

- variable m

KGS #1-32 Wellington

Siliceous karst breccia (cave fill?) 3660- 3670 above siliceous dolomite

KGS #1-32 Wellington :

Match of core porosities with MRI effective porosities

KGS #1-32 Wellington :

Mississippian core porosities and grain densities

a*[ ]k = 2

nmr( )FFI

BVI

2Timur-Coates equation

FFI = Free fluid index BVI = Bulk volume irreducible nmr = FFI + BVI

SDR equation

b*[ ]k = 2

nmr( )2

logavT2

MRI estimation of permeability

KGS #1-32 Wellington :Prediction of permeability based on MRI porosity and SDR equation versus core Kmax, K90, and Kvert permeabilities

KGS #1-32 Wellington: The Mississippian section

3927- 3939: olive gray, argillaceous dolomitic siltstone; 50% silt; wispy shale laminations; indistinct bedding; faint discontinuous laminations; gradational contact

3939-3975.6: medium dark gray; very argillaceous dolomitic siltstone; faintly laminated irregular; 30% silt; 3972-3973 cm-sized irregular calcareous nodules/coarse calcite; faint lenticular bedding alternating olive gray and medium dark gray

3975.6-3993: very dark greenish gray; shale; tight; dolomitic; around 20% silt; scattered black shale laminae; uniform; scattered pyrite; 3983 starts increasing silt; gradational contact

PIERSON LIMESTONE : “Dark Cowley Facies”

“The Pierson Formation”

KIMELEON spectral GR image of the Pierson – addition of thorium, uranium, and potassium

The Bindley Field – Warsaw dolomites - 3.5 million barrels oil

Gerlach, Sept. 2011

Moving northwards to Hodgeman County …

Radiation-Guard

(RAG)logsfor Oasis #1

Deutsch,Bindley

field, Hodgeman

County, Kansas

From Ebanks et al (1977)

DRILL-STEM TESTS:

DST #1: 4603 – 4641

480 feet GIP, recovered 3300 feet oil, no water

DST #2: 4641 – 4694

60 feet GIP, recovered 690 feet very heavily oil & gas-cut muddy water, 60 feet oil-cut water, 60 feet water

PRODUCTION

Perforated: 4616 – 36

IP : 205 BOPD, No water

Oasis #1 Deutsch NE-SE 33-21S-24W Hodgeman County, KansasSummary of Meramec core (modified after Reed Johnson, 1990)

Mississippian core porosities and permeabilities from Oasis #1 Deutsch NE-SE 33-21S-24W Hodgeman County, Kansas

(modified after Reed Johnson, 1990)

Stratigraphic cross-section of the Bindley Field perpendicular to the long-axis, with Oasis #1 at the center. The distribution of lithotypes dictates the flow-unit architecture (modified from Johnson and Budd, 1994)

REFERENCES:

Duren, J.D., 1960, Some petrophysical aspects of the Mississippian “Chat” Glick Field, Kiowa County, Kansas : The Shale Shaker, September, p. 316 –321.

Watney, W.L., Guy, W.J., and Byrnes, A.J., 2001, Characterization of the Mississippian chat in south-central Kansas: AAPG Bulletin, v. 85, no. 1, p. 85 – 113.

Ebanks, W.J., Jr., Euwer, R.M., and Nodine-Zeller, D.E., 1977, Mississippian Combination Trap, Bindley Field, Hodgeman County, Kansas : AAPG Bulletin, v. 61, no. 3, p. 309 – 330.

Johnson, R.A., 2009, Distribution and Architecture of Subunconformity Carbonate Reservoirs: Lower Meramecian (Mississippian) Subcrop Trend, Western Kansas: Unconformity Controls 1994 Symposium : Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, p. 231 – 244.

Johnson, R.A., and Budd, D.A., 1994, The Utility of Continual Reservoir Description: An Example from Bindley Field, Western Kansas: AAPG Bulletin, v. 78, no. 5, p. 722 – 743.