integrative medicine and phytotherapy chapter 20

Integrative Medicine and Phytotherapy

Integrative Medicine and Phytotherapy

Chapter 20Chapter 20

© 2004, 2002 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

NCCAMNCCAM

National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine

—Investigates and evaluates alternative therapies and their effectiveness

National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine

—Investigates and evaluates alternative therapies and their effectiveness


Herbs and BotanicalsHerbs and Botanicals

Used by many Americans

Always ask what patients are taking and frequency of use

Used by many Americans

Always ask what patients are taking and frequency of use


Health is more than the absence of disease.The body can heal itself.Health is more than the absence of disease.The body can heal itself.

Integrative TherapiesIntegrative Therapies

Naturopathy

Homeopathy

Traditional Chinese medicine

Acupuncture

Phytotherapy

Naturopathy

Homeopathy

Traditional Chinese medicine

Acupuncture

Phytotherapy


NaturopathyNaturopathy

Therapeutic system that uses natural methods of healing (light, heat, air, water, and massage)

Modalities of naturopathy include phytomedicines, nutrition, nutritional supplements, and natural forces

Therapeutic system that uses natural methods of healing (light, heat, air, water, and massage)

Modalities of naturopathy include phytomedicines, nutrition, nutritional supplements, and natural forces


ChiropracticChiropractic

Healing system

—Involves manual manipulation of the musculoskeletal parts of the body

—Meant to improve the normal functioning of the nervous system, which in turn

helps to promote health

Healing system

—Involves manual manipulation of the musculoskeletal parts of the body

—Meant to improve the normal functioning of the nervous system, which in turn

helps to promote health


HomeopathyHomeopathy

School of medicine based on the theory that

—Substances in large doses that produce symptoms of a disease in healthy people will cure the same symptoms when administered in very dilute amounts

School of medicine based on the theory that

—Substances in large doses that produce symptoms of a disease in healthy people will cure the same symptoms when administered in very dilute amounts


Traditional Chinese MedicineTraditional Chinese Medicine

Based on the concept of body life force chi (Qi)

Forces that must be balanced

—Yin and yang and blood Techniques used to bring chi back into

balance

—Acupuncture

—Moxibustion

—Chinese herbs

Based on the concept of body life force chi (Qi)

Forces that must be balanced

—Yin and yang and blood Techniques used to bring chi back into

balance

—Acupuncture

—Moxibustion

—Chinese herbs


RegulationRegulation

Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA).

Commission E monographs

Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA).

Commission E monographs


Commonly Used BotanicalsCommonly Used Botanicals

Echinacea

Garlic

Ginger

Gingko biloba

Ginseng

Echinacea

Garlic

Ginger

Gingko biloba

Ginseng

Hawthorn

Milk thistle

Saw palmetto

St. John’s wort

Valerian

Hawthorn

Milk thistle

Saw palmetto

St. John’s wort

Valerian


EchinaceaEchinacea

Source: Purple cornflower

Indication: Stop or moderate colds or flu

Action: Macrophages and their secretions

Cautions: Avoid if immune system is hampered and do not use continually

Source: Purple cornflower

Indication: Stop or moderate colds or flu

Action: Macrophages and their secretions

Cautions: Avoid if immune system is hampered and do not use continually


GarlicGarlic

Source: Garlic plant

Indication: Lower serum cholesterol and triglycerides

Action: Chewing or crushing activates several sulfur-containing compounds

Cautions: Allergies, GI symptoms, interaction with

anticoagulant drugs

Source: Garlic plant

Indication: Lower serum cholesterol and triglycerides

Action: Chewing or crushing activates several sulfur-containing compounds

Cautions: Allergies, GI symptoms, interaction with

anticoagulant drugs


Common Uses of BotanicalsCommon Uses of Botanicals

Ginger: For nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and motion sickness

Gingko: Improved blood circulation

Ginseng: General improvement from the steroidlike components

Hawthorn: Heart conditions, works as well as an ACE inhibitor

drug

Ginger: For nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and motion sickness

Gingko: Improved blood circulation

Ginseng: General improvement from the steroidlike components

Hawthorn: Heart conditions, works as well as an ACE inhibitor

drug


Common Uses of Botanicals—cont’dCommon Uses of Botanicals—cont’d

Milk thistle: Used to treat mild to moderate liver diseases

Saw palmetto: Reduce symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

St. John’s Treat mild to moderate wort: depression

Valerian: Tranquilizer and sleep aid

Milk thistle: Used to treat mild to moderate liver diseases

Saw palmetto: Reduce symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

St. John’s Treat mild to moderate wort: depression

Valerian: Tranquilizer and sleep aid


SummarySummary

Identify use of herbs and botanicals.

Monitor for side effects.

Document for records.

Discuss with physician.

Identify use of herbs and botanicals.

Monitor for side effects.

Document for records.

Discuss with physician.

integrative medicine and phytotherapy chapter 20

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