interactive genetic algorithms in multi-agents systems : smart grids as an application

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+ Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems Smart grids as an application Thesis presented by : Yomna Hassan Academic Advisor: Dr. Jacob Crandall RSC committee: Dr. Davor Svetinovic, Dr. Iyad Rahwan

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Page 1: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

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Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems Smart grids as an application

Thesis presented by : Yomna Hassan

Academic Advisor: Dr. Jacob CrandallRSC committee: Dr. Davor Svetinovic, Dr. Iyad Rahwan

Page 2: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

Images: available at Google images

+Introduction

Power systems

Page 3: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Introduction

Page 4: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Introduction

Page 5: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Repeated matrix games

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+Repeated matrix games

Player 1

Player 2

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+Repeated matrix games

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+Motivation (Drawbacks of existing methodologies)

Learn slowly for real time systems.

Unable to handle dynamic environments.

Unable to adapt to multi-agent environments.

Does not consider human input.

Too much human input.

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+GIGA-WoLF and Q-learning in repeated matrix games

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+Genetic algorithms

What are genetic algorithms?

Genetic algorithms in Matrix games

Interactive genetic algorithms

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+Genetic algorithm

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+Algorithm structure

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+Chromosome

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+Selection

Death for being unfit

Fitness

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+Mutation

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+Crossover

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+Genetic algorithm in Matrix games

Page 19: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

D. Gong et al.,Interactive Genetic Algorithms with Individual Fitness,Journal of Universal Computer Science, vol. 15, no. 13 (2009)

+Interactive genetic algorithm

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+Objectives

Study the applicability of using genetic algorithms in repeated matrix games.

Study how human input affect the performance of genetic algorithms in repeated matrix games.

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+Experimental setup

Experiments

Genetic algorithms in

repeated matrix games

Interactive genetic

algorithms in repeated matrix

games

Three-player prisoner’s dilemma

Page 22: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Algorithm structure

Chromosome in population represents strategy to be taken following a certain history pattern.

Page 23: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Evaluation criteria

Average final payoffs: Study conducted for 10 iterations per each (game, opponent) pair.

Average payoff per generation.

Page 24: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Genetic algorithms (GAs) in repeated matrix games

BasicGA

GA with history

propagationGA with stopping

condition

GA with dynamic mutation

GA with dynamic mutation and stopping condition

Page 25: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Genetic algorithms (GAs) in repeated matrix games

Basic GA

GA with history

propagationGA with stopping

condition

GA with dynamic mutation

GA with dynamic mutation and stopping condition

Page 26: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Genetic algorithms (GAs) in repeated matrix games

Basic GA

GA with history

propagationGA with stopping

condition

GA with dynamic mutation

GA with dynamic mutation and stopping condition

Page 27: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Genetic algorithms (GAs) in repeated matrix games

Basic GA

GA with history

propagationGA with stopping

condition

GA with dynamic mutation

GA with dynamic mutation and stopping condition

Page 28: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Genetic algorithms (GAs) in repeated matrix games

Basic GA

GA with history

propagationGA with stopping

condition

GA with dynamic mutation

GA with dynamic mutation and stopping condition

Page 29: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Results

Self-play: a similar trend to GIGA, cooperation is really bad

Page 30: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Results

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+Results

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+Results

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+

Basic GA

GA with history

propagationGA with stopping

condition

GA with dynamic mutation

GA with dynamic mutation and stopping condition

Page 34: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Highlights1

The performance of the algorithms (even with varying mutation rate and taking stability of environment into consideration) is not consistently well.

Slow convergence to solution, not adapting to opponents.

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+Interactive genetic algorithms (IGAs) in repeated matrix games

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+Interactive genetic algorithms (IGAs) in repeated matrix games

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+Human input

Our choice of what is Acceptable is to unify our experiment.

Human input choice is situational and opponent dependent.

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+Results

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+Results

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+Interactive genetic algorithms (IGAs) in repeated matrix games

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+Results

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+Highlights 2

Human input, even though it may not enhance the final payoff in all the situations, it shows consistency per several iterations.

Variations of IGA performed differently within different games and against different opponents. Fitness that propagates through generations (propagation of history) is not always the best option.

Human input quality is variable over different games and opponents. In our simulations, our knowledge of the games and the opponents contributed into the effectiveness of the human input. This shows that an expert human will enhance the performance of an IGA more than a novice.

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+Three-player prisoner’s dilemma

Page 45: Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Multi-Agents Systems : Smart grids as an application

+Results

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+Results

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+Results

5.1

3.5

1.97

Self play: 4.75

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+Conclusions

GAs are an effective learning technique in static systems.

GAs, when improved through implementing a dynamic mutation technique well enough in dynamic systems, except in the presence of other intelligent agents of slower learning rate, such as Q-learning.

Effective human input improves the performance of GAs in multi-agent (dynamic systems in general).

The studied forms of GAs and IGAs maintains its effectiveness in environments with higher numbers of players.

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+Future work

Test the effectiveness of interactive genetic algorithms in more complex environments against a wider range of opponents.

Experiment with other techniques used for improving the adaptability of genetic algorithms within dynamic systems.

Explore the effectiveness of human input with various interaction rates. This is in order to reach the most effective rate of interaction.

Study the use of actual human input on GAs and discuss their effectiveness using participants with various backgrounds.

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+Questions

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+Supplementary slides

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