interdependence: flow of energy big idea 17 sc.4.l.17.3 & sc.4.l.17.2 mary tweedy, curriculum...
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Interdependence:Flow of Energy
Big Idea 17SC.4.L.17.3
& SC.4.L.17.2
Mary Tweedy, Curriculum Support SpecialistKeisha Kidd, Curriculum Support Specialist
Millard Lightburn, District Supervisor
Department of Mathematics and ScienceOffice of Academics and Transformation
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Big Idea 17: InterdependenceThe Flow of Energy Benchmarks
SC.4.L.17.3 Trace the flow of Energy from the Sun as it is transferred along the food chain through the producers to the consumers.
SC.4.L.17.2 Explain that animals including humans cannot make their own food and when animals eat plants or animals, the energy stored in the food source is passed to them.
SC.3.L.17.2Recognize that plants use energy from the Sun, air, and water to make their own food.
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H.O.T. Essential QuestionsHow do plants convert the sun’s energy to make their own food?
What do you think would happen to a plant if the leaves were damaged or missing?
How is energy from the sun transferred from the sun to all living things on Earth?
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H.O.T. Essential Questions
Compare and contrast the ways that animals and plants get the energy they need to survive. Explain how you could use a diagram of the food chain to show how living organisms transfer their energy to each other.
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Let’s get warmed up!
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How do plants convert the sun’s energy to make their own food?
Plants are producers, they produce their
own food through the process of
photosynthesis.
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How do plants get their food? Plants make their own food in their leaves. What are the four ingredients needed? 1. carbon dioxide (CO2)
2. water (H20)
3. chlorophyll from the leaves 4. light from the sun
The chlorophyll in the leaves captures the sunlight’s energy and along with the water and carbon dioxide produce a food called sugar and release oxygen. This process is called Photosynthesis.
So why are plants called producers?
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Complete the illustration with captions to explain how
plants make their own food through photosynthesis.
Remember to include the main ingredients:
water (H₂O), carbon dioxide (CO₂),oxygen,(O),chlorophyll,
light.
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What do you think would happen to a plant if the leaves were damaged or missing?
Extension Activity for Photosynthesishttp://herbarium.desu.edu/pfk/page25/page26/page27/page27.html
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Resources for Photosynthesis
Food Chain Study Jam
http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/ecosystems/food-chains.htm Food Webs Study Jam
http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/ecosystems/food-webs.htm
Photosynthesis Karaoke
http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/plants/photosynthesis.htm
Photosynthesis Study Jam
http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/plants/photosynthesis.htm
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Flow of Energy in Food Chain
1. Sun 2. Producers (plants) 3. Consumers (animals) a. herbivore - eat plants b. carnivore – eat animals c. omnivore – eat both
How is energy from the sun transferred from the sun to all living things on Earth?
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How is energy from the sun transferred from the sun to all living things on Earth?
Food Webs and Chains are visual representations of how energy passes from one living thing to another.
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A food chain is the path by which energypasses from one living thing to another.
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Who are the Consumers?• Consumers cannot make their own food. • They eat other organisms to get energy. • There are three types of consumers: herbivores,
carnivores, and omnivores.
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Consumers• Herbivores eat plants. The prefix “herbi-” means green
grass plants. Rabbits, deer, and tree snails are examples of herbivores.
• Carnivores eat meat. The prefix “carni-” comes from the Spanish word “carne,” which means meat. Alligators, wolves, cougars, spiders, and sharks are examples of carnivores.
• Omnivores eat both plants and animals. The prefix “omni-” means “all.” People, raccoons,
bream fish and bears that eat meat, fish, and vegetables are examples of omnivores.
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Elephant
Cow
Deer
Grasshopper
HerbivoresHerbivores are organisms that eat only plants and plant products.
Rabbit
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Tiger
Lion
Fox
Alligator
HerbivoresCarnivores are organisms that eat only meat and meat products.
Shark
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People
Bear
HerbivoresOmnivores are organisms that eat only meat and meat products.
Raccoon
Bream Fish
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Who are the Decomposers?• They are organisms that feed on waste and
remains of dead organisms. • Decomposers get energy by breaking down
the remains of producers and consumers into nutrients.
• Earthworms, bacteria, and fungi (such as mushrooms) are examples of decomposers.
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Trace the flow of energy through an ecosystem:
Sun Producer Consumer Decomposer
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Directions: Identify each of the following pictures as a producer, consumer, or a decomposer:
Producer
Consumer
Decomposer
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Fourth
What is the arrangement of the energy flow in the system below?
First Second Third
Mouse Cheese Hawk Snake
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What is the arrangement of the energy flow in the system below?
First Second FourthThird
Mouse Grasshopper Owl Grass
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What is the arrangement of the energy flow in the system below?
First Second FourthThird
Chicken Egg Corn Plant
Hiker Cooking
Eggs
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Food Chain Tableau Materials:
• Index cards • Definitions• Vocabulary notebooks• Student pens and/or pencils
Procedure:1. Students will first be presented with nine new definitions: food chains,producers, consumers, decomposers, herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, predator, and prey. Students will be asked to copy these definitions into their vocabulary notebooks.
2. Students will then be divided into groups, representing four-five majorecosystems. Each group will be given a set of index cards that belong to a specific ecosystem. Label the front of each card with the name of the ecosystem and the names of the animals found within them. The backside of each card is blank and students are responsible to fill in two categories: “What I eat” and “I live in.”
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Food Web/Chain Activity continuedOnce the students have completed their cards, the teacher explains that each set of cards creates a food chain that is found in the corresponding ecosystem. The task for the students is to create a food chain using a drama technique called a tableau (a frozen image that demonstrates the food chain) to represent the diverse members of a given ecosystem.
Students should be reminded that part of the tableau activity involves the speech bubble element in which they step out of the tableau and speak as if they were their organism.
Students are encouraged to incorporate their new vocabulary into their speech. Forexample, the student who becomes the polar bear might say, “I am the polar bear who is found throughout the Artic. In this food chain I am eating the fox; therefore, I am a predator.
However, I also like to eat berries, so you can call me an omnivore.”
Each group will be given a chance to rehearse and present their tableau to the class.
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Compare and contrast the ways that animals and plants get the
energy they need to survive.
PlantsAnimals
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Layered book for InterdependenceMaterials: 3 pieces of white copy paper per studentstapler
Directions: Construct a layered-look book. Label the first 3 flaps "Vocabulary". Last three flaps are labeled "Photosynthesis", "Flow of Energy", and "Put it all together“
Have students document their learning throughout the lessons by filling in the appropriate sections in their layered book.
Sample taken from Dinah Zikes “Big Book of Science”
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Resources for Food Chains and Webs
Food Chain Study Jam
http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/ecosystems/food-chains.htm
Food Webs Study Jam
http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/ecosystems/food-webs.htm
Food Chain Tableau
http://www.gettoknow.ca/teachers/lessons/ecosystem_drama_activity.pdf
http://science.dadeschools.net/elem/PDgradeFour.html
The Last Egret
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Investigation Three: Pass the Energy Please!
Be ready to• name the organisms in your food chain• explain each organism’s role• explain how energy is transferred from the Sun through your food chain
Materials: small paper plate yarn tape scissors crayons, markers Florida animal and plant pictures
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What’s My Role?apple snail deer anole grass
raccoon alligator egret snake swamp lily hawk panther shrimp
mosquito fish blue heron marsh rabbit earthwormkite shrimp fungus algae
raccoon grasshopper bream eagle
Producers Consumers (game)
Label the consumers: H is for herbivores C is for carnivoresO is for omnivores
Decomposers