INTERGRATED CIRCUITS

LECTURE 17

History of Electronic Devices 1st Generation Electron tubes

INTERGRATED CIRCUITS LECTURE 17

2nd GenerationSemiconductor Devices, Diode and single Transistor

3rd GenerationSmall Scale Integrated Circuits (SSI): Less than 100

Transistors per Integrated Circuit or chipMedium Scale Integrated Circuits (MSI): 100 to 1000

Transistors per Integrated Circuit or chip

                      

3rd GenerationSmall Scale Integrated Circuits (SSI): Less than 100 Transistors per Integrated Circuit or chipMedium Scale Integrated Circuits (MSI): 100 to 1000 Transistors per Integrated Circuit or chip

4th GenerationLarge Scale Integrated Circuits (LSI): 1000 to 10000 Transistors per Integrated Circuit or chip Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits (VLSI): 10000 to 1 million Transistors per Integrated Circuit or chip.

5th GenerationUltra Large Scale Integrated Circuits (ULSI): over 1 million Transistors per Integrated Circuit or Chip

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AMgQ1-HdElMSilicon Wafer Production

6th GenerationName of this technology yet to be determined: Over one billion transistors per Integrated Circuit or Chip

10-Core Xeon Westmere-EX 2,600,000,000 2011 Intel 32 nm 512 mm²

Radio shack notes p80-91

You tube: the intergrated circuit http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSRIc-sEgPw

555 audio oscillator

Voltage comparator

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsP06waTvQYCollin's Lab: Exploratory IC torching

7404 IC six independent positive logic NOT GATES (INVERTERS)

DIFFERENT PACKAGE STYLES FOR IC’s

TYPES OF IC SOCKETS

http://www.williamson-labs.com/GREAT WEB SITE FOR ELECTRONICS

Q

A

B

Q

http://www.williamson-labs.com/480_logic.htmDigital logic animation

ELECTRONIC TOOLBOX: APP FOR IPHONE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=377dquuny4w

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rz_EfwJGIes.[iPad] iCircuit .

The BCD method codes each decimal digit in binary and stores it in its own byte. The binary method converts the entire decimal number into a binary number.

Transistor NOR Gate

A

B

Q

A

B

Q

A

B

Q

A tristate buffer can be thought of as a switch. If B is on, the switch is closed. If B is off, the switch is open.

Truth Table for Logic Gate Combination

Inputs Outputs

A B C D E Q

0 0 0 1 0 1

0 0 1 1 0 1

0 1 0 0 0 0

0 1 1 0 1 1

1 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 1 0 0 0

1 1 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 0 1 1

EXAMPLE LOGIC CIRCUITS http://www.technologystudent.com/elec1/dig5.htm

http://www.technologystudent.com/elec1/digq2.htmDIGITAL LOGIC EXAMINATION QUESTION - 2

EXAMPLE OF COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUIT

BCD-to-Seven-Segment Decoders/Drivers

AddressingInputSelectedb a

0 0 A

0 1 B

1 0 C

1 1 D

4-to-1 Channel Multiplexer 4 Channel Multiplexer using Logic Gates

Multiplexer Symbol

The Demultiplexer

1-to-4 Channel De-multiplexer

4 Channel Demultiplexer using Logic Gates

Demultiplexer SymbolAddressing

InputSelectedb a

0 0 A

0 1 B

1 0 C

1 1 D

The Digital EncoderUnlike a multiplexer that selects one individual data input line and then sends that data to a single output line or switch, a Digital Encoder more commonly called a Binary Encoder takes ALL its data inputs one at a time and then converts them into a single encoded output.

4-to-2 Bit Binary Encoder

Positional Encoders

Compass DirectionBinary Output

Q0 Q1 Q2

North 0 0 0

North-East 0 0 1

East 0 1 0

South-East 0 1 1

South 1 0 0

South-West 1 0 1

West 1 1 0

North-West 1 1 1

A 2-to-4 Binary Decoders.

                                            

                                                                                        

Binary DecoderA Decoder is the exact opposite to that of an "Encoder". It is basically, a combinational type logic circuit that converts the binary code data at its input into one of a number of different output lines, one at a time producing an equivalent decimal code at its output.

The Basic SR Flip-flop Truth Table for this Set-Reset Function

State S R Q Q Description

Set

1 0 1 0 Set Q » 1

1 1 1 0 no change

Reset

0 1 0 1 Reset Q » 0

1 1 0 1 no change

Invalid

0 0 0 1memory with Q

= 0

0 0 1 0memory with Q

= 1

http://www.williamson-labs.com/

GOOD WEB SITE FOR ELECTRONICS

S R Q Q

0 0 0 0

0 0 1 1

0 1 X 0

1 0 X 1

1 1 X Invalid

4-bit Parallel-in to Parallel-out Shift Register

Basic Movement of Data through a Shift Register

Clock Pulse No QA QB QC QD

0 0 0 0 0

1 1 0 0 0

2 0 1 0 0

3 0 0 1 0

4 0 0 0 1

5 0 0 0 0

Frequency Division using Toggle Flip-flops

4-bit, 16 Divide by 2 Counter

http://www.technologystudent.com/elec1/count1.htm

THE 4017B DECADE COUNTER

74LS00  Pin Assignment :

                                 

7400 Logic Diagram