international conference on sustainable manufacturing · xerox corporation. page 2 agenda who is...
TRANSCRIPT
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International Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing
Patricia Calkins
Vice President Environment, Health & Safety
Xerox Corporation
Page 2
Agenda
Who is Xerox?
How we have approached this challenge
Examples: technology, toner, paper, services
What have we learned through our journey?
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Covers 17 countries
across Europe
Europe
Canada United States
North
America
Developing Markets Fuji Xerox*
Africa, Eastern EuropeLatin America
Middle East, South Asia Russia
Asia PacificAustralia
New Zealand*joint venture
Xerox at a glance• $17 billion business
• 57,400 employees worldwide
• Customer operations on six continents, 160 countries
• Headquarters: Norwalk, Connecticut
• www.xerox.com
• NYSE: xrx
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Xerox offers the document industry’s broadest portfolio of offerings
Document outsourcing and services
• Simplify document-driven processes
• Print infrastructure optimization
• Manage in-house print operations and special events
• Make information easier to manage and find through digital imaging, archiving and indexing
Production printing & Graphic Arts
• Color and black-and-white digital printers and presses
• Wide-format and continuous-feed printers and copiers
• Business development tools to help grow a profitable digital business
• Publishing solutions for books, on-demand documents, transactional applications, personalized printing and more
• Workflow software to simplify how print jobs are created and managed
Supplies
• Toner, paper and ink
Office solutions
• Multifunction systems, color and black-and-white, that combine printing, copying, faxing and scanning
• Color network printers, solid ink and laser
• Digital copiers and fax systems
• Software to streamline how information is stored and shared
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Plastic Glass Paper FoamCeramic
Which Beverage Container Has a Bigger“Carbon Footprint”?
0
Embodied Energy (MJ/cup)
14
6.35.5
0.55 0.22
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
En
erg
y -
MJ/
cu
p
Data source: Institute for Lifecycle Environmental Assessment
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Reuse Factors
How Many “Reuses” Required?
Plastic Glass Paper FoamCeramic
Reusable cup
Ceramic
Plastic
Glass
Foam
1006
450
393
Disposable Cup
Data source: Institute for Lifecycle Environmental Assessment
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A quantitative approach
Value chain scope
Economically driven
Easily understood
Key elements of successful sustainability framework
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Introduces first product
to make two-sided
copies
1969
Introduces "power
down" mode
1982
Introduces a
recycled grade of
cut sheet paper
1973
Joins ENERGY STAR
as charter partner
1993
Toner recycling
starts
1995
Green World Alliance
begins
1999
Commits to
reducing green
house gases by
10% by 2012
2003
Paper Supplier
Requirements launched
2004
Xerox experience: Long history of commitment
Early 1990’s:• Waste Free commitment – remanufacturing strategy• LCA used to prioritize technology & design efforts
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First step is defining what to prioritize…
Defining direction
Customers
Regulations
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Map Xerox env’l footprint
Identify key aspects
Conduct external research on stakeholder priorities
• NGOs• Policy makers• Regulators• Scientific comm• Media/public• Investors• Other companies
Prioritize aspects &define “planks”
Develop goals,metrics, targets
Translate to key BGs
BG footprint
Prioritize
Link to goals
Targets
Approach to developing environmental sustainability platform
PolicyStandardsGuidelines
Environmental impact across the value chain
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X
extraction
chemical mfg
fabrication
assembly
logging
chemical mfg
transportation
packaging
energy
Environmental footprint =impact across value chain
paper mfg
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Xerox’s Environmental Sustainability platform
Challenge Goal
Carbon NeutralClimate Protection & Energy
Preserve Biodiversity & the World’s Forests
Sustainable Paper Cycle
Preserve Clean Air & Water
Zero persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic footprint
Scope
Waste Prevention & Management
Waste-free Products, Facilities & Customers
Suppliers
Xerox Operations
Customers
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Technology Toner Paper
Examples within the Value Chain
Service
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New print technology produces less waste
4000 AMPV, 4 Year Life
Solid Ink Color TechnologyPhaser® Printers for Small–Medium Office
Compared to laser Xerography:
Solid ink sticks eliminate cartridges
and other consumable items
Conserves raw materials
Generates 90% less waste*
Lower operating costs, improved reliability and ease of use
Solid Ink Waste23 lbs
Typical Laser Waste from
1 Printer450 lbs
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New Emulsion Aggregation (EA) Toner
40% – 45% less toner mass
Small and Spherical EA Toner
Conventional Toner
Paper
Breakthrough process for producing color and black toners:
Less toner mass per page for smaller toner
Less toner waste for spherical toner
Less energy to produce and to print
Paper
Toner Technology
Toner’s “Secret” AgentGrinding step in conventional toner isMost energy intensive (up to 40% oftotal energy).
Addition of “embrittling” agent (E-agent) makes toner particles easier
togrind.
Reduces overall energy consumptionbetween 15-22% per pound of tonermanufacturing for certain products.
Conventional Toner
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Duplex productivity: paper consumption can be reduced by half
Recycled paper reliability: post-consumer content papers run dependably
Sustainably sourced paper
Digital document management: facilitates print-on-demand and distribute-then-print in order to reduce waste
New Xerox High Yield Business Paper
Driving toward sustainable paper-cycle
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Services “Greening the Office”
Desired StateCurrent Situation
Legend
• Overabundant/underutilized assets
• Energy inefficiency
• Wasted manufacturing and materials
• Inefficient maintenance
Energy reduction: 27%GHG reduction 26%Waste reduction 33%
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Beware of unintended consequences – examples:
Solid ink printing
Remanufacturing/reuse
“Re-writable paper” printing technology
Multifunction technology
Energy Star eliminating grandfatheringRoHS prohibiting reuse
More “use phase” powerMore materials of construction
“Embodied energy” 5X use savingsPremature disposal
Replaces multiple personal & single function devices
More “use phase” powerLifecycle energy equivalent90% less waste
More “use phase” power
Paper reuse saves 4X moreenergy
Trade Secrets & competitiveness REACH?
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Key learning from our “journey”Science often not the key variable
Systems thinking critical and will require new approaches
Business impacts can be substantialComplexity & costCompetitiveness & trade barriersProprietary informationInnovation disincentive
(a * public perception) + (b * NGO activity) + (c * Political environment) + (d * geography) + (e * Competition) + (g * customer rqmt) + (h * scientific knowledge) + ….
Y = f
Y=f(x)
Products & services embody the cumulative impact of value chainStandards and regulations tend to be managed on national basisValue chains are globalLCA limitations not generally well understoodCurrent regulatory and eco-label frameworks are overly prescriptive
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Market incentive based vs regulated
Incent innovation vs stifle innovation
Science based vs perception based
“System” vs single attribute/phase based
Suggested metrics “design” considerations
Global vs local
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Thank you
For more information, please visit:
www.xerox.com/environment